TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER

TITLE

NO:

ABSTRACT

LIST OF FIGURES

LIST OF TABLE

vii

LIST OF FLOW CHART

viii

1.

PAGE NO.

INTRODUCTION
1.1 GENERAL

1.2 ENERGY FROM SEWAGE

2.

TREATMENT PLANTS

1.3 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

1.4 OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT

LITERATURE RIVEW
2.1 GENERAL

2.2 MICROBIAL FUEL CELL (MFC)

12

2.3 CLASSIFICATION OF MFC

12

2.4 WORKING PRINCIPLE

20

2.5 ADVANTAGES AND LIMITATIONS

2.6 SCOPE FOR FUTURE STUDY
3.

4.

21
27

MATERIALS AND METHODLOGY

3.1 GENERAL

29

3.2 COMPONENTS OF MFC

29

3.3 EXPERIMENTAL SETUP

31

3.4 MONITORING AND ANALYSIS

34

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

4.1 GENERAL

38
iii

4.2 INITIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF

SUBSTRATE

38

4.3 EVALUATION OF ELECTICITY

5.

GENERATION

39

4.4 DISCUSSIONS

59

CONCLUSION
5.1 GENERAL

61

5.2 PROPOSAL FOR ANAEROBIC DIGESTER

WITH MICROBIAL FUEL CELL
6.

REFERENCE

iv

62

LIST OF FIGURES
FIG NO.

TITLE

PAGE NO.

1.

CEA-MFC design.

12

2.

Double Chamber-MFC design

13

Working of Microbial Fuel Cell

21

3.

MFC-1 experimental setup

31

4.

MFC-2 experimental setup day 1

33

5.

MFC-2 experimental setup day 6

33

6.

Voltage generated on Day 1

39

7.

Voltage generated on Day 2

40

8.

Voltage generated on Day 3

40

9.

Voltage generated on Day 4

41

Voltage generated on Day 5

42

10.

Voltage generated on Day 6

42

11.

Maximum Voltage generated from

Day 1- 6.

43

12.

Current generated on Day 1

44

13.

Current generated on Day 2

44

14.

Current generated on Day 3

45

15.

Current generated on Day 4

45

16.

Current generated on Day 5

46

17.

Current generated on Day 6

46

18.

Maximum Current generated from

Day 1- 6.

47

19.

Power generated on Day 1

48

20.

Power generated on Day 2

48

21.

Power generated on Day 3

49

22.

Power generated on Day 4

49

23.

Power generated on Day 5

50

24.

Power generated on Day 6

50

25.

Maximum power generated from

26.

Day 1- 6.

51

proposed model for AD with MFC

63

vi

LIST OF TABLES
TABLE NO.

TITLE

PAGE NO.

1.

Types of Substrate and Microbes that can be used in MFC.

19

2.

Characteristics to be determined from the substrate

35

3.

Characteristics of sludge sample in MFC-2

38

4.

Maximum Voltage generated from day 1-6.

43

5.

Maximum Current from day 1-6

48

6.

Maximum Power generated from Day1- 6

53

7.
8.
9.

Initial parameters of anaerobic sludge

Characteristics of sewage sludge on day 1
Characteristics of sewage sludge on day 2

55
56
56

10.

Characteristics of sewage sludge on day 3

57

11.

Characteristics of sewage sludge on day 4

57

12.

Characteristics of sewage sludge on day 5

58

13.

Characteristics of sewage sludge on day 6

59

Vii
LIST OF FLOWCHART
TABLE NO.
1.

TITLE
Maximum Voltage generated from

PAGE NO.
43

Day 1- 6.
2.

Maximum Current generated from

47

Day 1- 6.
3.

Maximum power generated from

Day 1- 6.

49

Viii
LIST OF SYMBOLS
Sl.no

abbreviations

words

Micro

Degree Centigrade

CEA

Cloth electrode assembly

ETC

Electron transport chain

TSS

Total suspended solids

Ampere

BOD

Biological oxygen demand

C.S.A

Cross sectional area

cm

centimetres

10

COD

Chemical oxygen demand

11

KCl

Potassium chloride

12

Kg

Kilogram

13

Litre

14

molarity

15

MFC

Microbial fuel cell

16

ml

Millilitre

17

NaCl

Sodium chloride

18

PEM

Proton exchange membrane

19

Voltage

20

watt