Unit 1: Soil & Vegetation in Canada

All figure numbers and pages from Making Connections Textbook Chap.3.
1. Why is soil important for humans and the environment?
2. A ____________________________________ is a cross section of the layers of the soil.
3. Label the layers of the soil profile below with descriptors.

4. How are soils formed?

Soil Processes

Description

Geology

Climate

5. Explain the processes of leaching and calcification in the formation of soil

Leaching
Calcification

6. Soils that develop where leaching is the dominant soil-forming process are called
________________________________, whereas ________________________________ are soils that
develop where calcification is the dominant soil-forming process.
7. Complete the Apply It! Questions 1,2,3, and 6a,b on page 69.
8. The three main types of vegetation in Canada are _________________, _________________,
and _____________________.
9. Define transition zone:
10. Contrast between Coniferous and Deciduous trees. Give an example for each.

11. Which type of tree is able to survive the harsh northern winters? Why?

12. Complete the following chart on vegetation regions.

Vegetation Region Types of
How Climate
vegetation
Affects Vegetation
Tundra

Human
Activities/Impacts

Boreal Forest

Deciduous Forest

Mixed Forest

West Coast Forest

Grasslands

13. Complete questions #5,6, and 7 on page 77 of your textbook.