45 NOTES TO PG

Dr. Ankit Yadavendra, M.B.B.S., Dr.V.M.G.M.C., Solapur

45-EXCEPTIONS
ANAESTHESIA
1)interscalene brachial plex block does not affect-ulnar n
ANATOMY
1)nasal turbinate not part of ethmoid bone-inf(separate bone)
2)cardiac v not drain in coronary sinus-ant card v, venae cordae minimi, Thebasian
v(RA)
3)part of colon not having Appendices epiploicae(CAR)-Caecum, Appendix, Rectum
4)part of colon not having taenia coli-distal sigmoid, rectum
5)part of GIT not having serosa-esoph
6)part of kidn not enclosed by Gerota fascia-inferior
7)peristaltic organ not have inner circular&outer longitudinal m-ureter(inner
longitud&outer circular m)
8)shoulder girdle m not inserted on free UL-pectoralis min
9)UL lig not transmit wt-coracoacromial lig(prevents upward dislocation)
10)GI a occlusion not cause irrevers ischemia-IMA
11)CN regenerate-II
12)bone not ossify earlier in fem-skull(suture obliterate earlier in mal)
13)ICS not have the order VAN-1st(NAV)
14)a not form collateral in postduct COA-vert a
15)m not develop fr mesoderm-erector pilli, iris m(neuroepith), ciliary body m(neural
crest), myoepith cell
16)part of clavicle not ossies in memb-med end
17)part of shoulder jt capsule not attach to Sx neck humerus-med
18)ant cutaneous branch not present in-1st IC n
19)IVD not present b/n vert-C1-C2
20)SCM not supplied by-post cervical a
21)structure not piercing buccinator-buccal
br CNV3
22)a not supply duramater-basilar a
23)anal canal not supplied by-middle rectal a
24)not part of carotid sheath-ECA
25)hyaline cart with no perichondrium-articular cart
26)part of colon with no mesentery-ascending colon
27)larynx m not paired-transv/interarytenoid
28)sensory organ with effer n supply-organ of Corti
29)part of RS not lined by pseudocolumnar stratied epith-vocal cord(stratied
squamous epith)
30)space of Disse not contain-Kupffer cell
31)m of hand not supply by deep ulnar n-palmaris brevis
32)circle of Willis not include-MCA
33)goblet cell not present in-stom
34)penis not supply by-pampiniform plexus

35)part if GIT not xed-appendix, transv colon, sigmoid colon

BIOCHEMISTRY
1)AA not generate ketoacid-His(generates-FIGLU KG)
2)phospholipid not derived fr phosphatidic acid-plasmalogen(derived fr DHAP)
3)AA with no optical activity, no chiral/asymm C-Gly
4)AA not favour sec struct-Pro&Gly
5)AA not give blue color with Ninhydrin-PrO(yellOw)
6)AA make both cis&trans peptide bond-Pro
7)enzyme class not req coenzym-III&IV
8)DH of glycolysis, TCA cycle not req vit B3-succinateDH(req vitB2)
9)body struct not containing prot>lipid-myelin(prot<lipid)
10)AA not show degeneracy-Met,Try
11)genome have diff AA-mitochondria
12)method not use for recognising mutation-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis
13)porphyria not AD-Cong erythropoietic(AReC)
14)sporadic porphyria-porphyria cutanea tarda
15)steroid receptor not have attachm site-transcription repressor
16)organ not use ketone body-RBC&liver
17)heme synth not occur in-RBC
18)GI enz with no precursor-aminopeptidase
19)urea cycle enzyme def not AR-hyperammonemia II(XR)
20)glycogen storage ds not AR-type VIII(phosphorylase kinase)
21)enzyme not act in fru metab-aldolaseA
22)Hb does not tpt-SO2
23)ALP not present in-RBC
24)urea not synth in-spleen
25)glutathione not present in-neuron
26)gene transmitted but not translated-histone
27)genetic code does not contain-T
28)vit not req by puruvateDH&KGDH-vitB7
29)enzyme not involved in synth of Ser fr glu-pyruvate kinase
30)phospholipid does not include-ceramide
ENT
1)not subjective cause of tinnitus-AV malform, palatal myoclonus, carotid a
aneurysm, glomus tm(objective)
2)pinna calcication does not occur in-gout
3)not pneumatisation pattern sphenoid-post sphenoid
4)microtubule associated prot in outer hair cell organ Corti-MAP2
5)not site of paraganglioma-geniculate ganglion
FMT
1)not present in typical embalming soln-ethanol
2)part not showing typical colour changes in bruise-conjunctiva
3)not sexual perversion-transvestism
4)body temperature after death not occur-burn
5)poison not cause uterine contract-As
6)OP compound not arylP-malathion(alkylP)
7)saturated salt soln not used in-vegetable origin poisoni

MEDICINE
1)cong HD with LVH-tricuspid atresia
2)not a/w JRA-Raynaud ds
3)sympt NOt seen in Alz ds-agNOsia
4)asterixis not seen in-tongue
5)Kussmaul sign not seen in-cardiac tamponade
6)sweating not present in-heat stroke
7)not seen in cystinosis-kidn stone
8)electrolyte disorder not producing AFP- hyperphosphatemia
9)condition not improve on dialysis in uremia-myopathy
10)basal ganglia calcication seen in-hyperthyroid, Wilson ds
11)not criteria for inf endocarditis-ESR
12)part of brain not affected by HIV-ant cingulate gyrus
13)a/c LBBB not seen-hypokalemia
14)not use for malabsorption assay-13C triclosan assay
15)hepatomegaly not seen-hep porphyria
16)plasmapheresis not done-ACh crisis
17)not seen in fat embolism-hypercalcemia(hypocalcemia)
18)PGA synd II not a/w-celiac ds
19)organ not have Fe deposit in hemochromatosis-testis
20)c/f not seen in scurvy-hypoglycemia
MICROBIOLOGY
1)bact conjugate without mbriae-Enterococcus
2)capsulated bact without polysaccharide capsule-B
anthracis[polypeptide(D-glutamic acid) capsule, stain with polychrome methylene
blue]
3)motile bact not inh by solid media(1- 2%agar)-Proteus, Cl tetany, B cereus
4)only C2a>C2b
5)Ig not activating complement-D, G4
6)preformed toxin with incubation period>6h-Cl botulinum(18-36h)
7)IgG not cross placenta-2
8)Gram +ve bact not producing exotoxin-Listeria monocytogenes(endotoxin)
9)Clostridia not have peritrichous flagella-Cl tetany VI, Cl perfringens
10)organism showing both hemolysis(-toxin, -toxin) simultaneously-Cl
perfringens
11)exotoxin of Cl botulinum not neurotoxic- C2(enterotoxin)
12)Shigella not catalase+ve-Shigella dysenteriae I
13)lacve enterobacteriace with acidic rxn-Vibrio
14)non-motile Salmonella-S pullorum, S gallinarum
15)egg trematode<100-Opisthorchis viverini
16)Gram+ve proteus-P zenkeri
17)lung inf not cause cavity-Chlamydia, viral, H influenzae
18)vegetations in Libmann Sacks endocarditiis on both sides, not only on low
pressure side
19)organic compound do not efcacy of disinfectant-phenol()
20)intest parasite not cause malabsorption-Ascaris
21)bact flora GI remain same throughout life except-Porphyromonas gingivalis(adult)
22)mtx toxicity not prevent by leucovorin(folinic acid)-neurotoxicity

23)bact with LPS not struct&fn similar to conventional endotoxin-B fragilis

24)Shigella not mannitol fermentor-dysenteriae
25)N gonorrhoea not involve-testis
26)Proteus genus not urease +ve-Providencia
27)genus of Proteus with no swarMing-Morganella Morganii
28)Proteus sp not resistant to ampicillin&cephalosporin-Pr mirabilis
29)Bacillus not have peritrichous flagella-B anthracis
30)virus not cause hepatitis-rhinovirus
31)Clostridia not have subterminal spore-Cl tetani, Cl tertium(terminal)
32)ds where simultaneous active&passive immunity not use-measles
33)vibrio not halophilic-V cholerae, V mimicus
34)rash not cause by-Shigella
35)fungi cant be cultivated-Rhinosporidium seeberi, Pneumocystis jiroveci
36)Cl not cause gas gangrene-difcle
37)virus not cause hemagglutination-HPV
38)bact not causing a/c neonat meningitis-Str agalactiae
OBSTETRICS
1)condition not obstructing aftercoming head breech-placenta previa
2)karyotype fetus not done fr-monocyte
3)contraception not inh ovulation-IUCD(inh fertilization>inh implantation), saheli(inh
implantation), POP(alter cx mucus)
4)organ of large for date baby with no size-brain
OPHTHALMOLOGY
1)uveal effusion synd not a/w-myopia
2)virus not cause conjunctivitis-CMV
3)enlarged cornea not seen-HSV keratitis
ORTHOPAEDICS
1)ds not sparing IVD-TB
2)RA isotope not use bone palliation-Ca47
3)m ds not limb girdle dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy
4)craniovert jn not affected in-ankylosing spondylitis
5)limb salvage not done in-vasc inj
6)struct not seen on knee arthroscopy-collateral lig(outside knee jt)
PATHOLOGY
1)extent of tm not most imp in progn of-CNS tm, soft ts sarcoma
2)intratubular germ cell neoplasia is not seen adjacent to GCT-spermatocytic
seminoma, epidermoid cyst, dermoid cyst, teratoma, yolk sac tm
3)CKD without small kidn-DM nephropathy,HIV nephropathy, inltrative ds
4)apoptosis does not occur by norm caspase pathway-neuron
5)met calcication does not occur-fundal gld intest
6)IL not secrete by Tcell-12
7)bond not involved in AgAb rxn-covalent
8)ABO Ag absent-CSF
9)synd not a/w AML-Turner synd
10)ca not a/w DIC-RCC
11)H pylori does not cause-GIST

12)oncocyte not seen-thymus

13)integrin does not bind to-PDGF
14)organ transplant not causing GVH ds-kidn
15)micronodular cirrhosis not seen in-Wilson ds
PEDIATRICS
1)c/f not seen in cerebral palsy-microcephaly
2)measles rash not involve-palm,sole
3)gene not a/w cong steroid resistant nephrotic synd-WT2
4)hypotonia not seen in-trisomy18
5)heart lesion not seen in-ASD
6)c/f not seen in Down synd-SNHL(conDuctive hearing loss)
PHARMACOLOGY
1)h of AA not act on cell surface-thy h(nucleus)
2)antimetabolite with immunosuppression action but no anticancer
action-azathioprine
3)ACEI not prodrug-captopril, lisinopril
4)aldosterone antag not causing gynecomastia-eplerenone
5)direct thrombin inh not excret renal-argatroban
6)abtc anticancer cell cycle specic-bleomycin(G2)
7)anticancer drug with no myelosuppression-vincristine, bleomycin, l-asparaginase
8)alkylating agent not act on DNA-dacarbazine(RNA)
9)polypeptide abtc not act on cell memb- bacitracin(cell wall)
10)cephalosporin II cross BBB-cefuroxime
11)lactam abtc not excreted by kidn-cefoperazone(III), ceftriaxone(III), cefpiramide
12)ACEI not excreted by kidn-fosinopril, moexipril
13)SMR not used in preg-gallamine
14)BDZ not metab in liver(LOT)-Lorazepam, Oxazepam, Temazepam
15)carbapenem given Orally-farOpenem
16)lactam abtc given in Allergy to lactam-Aztreonam
17)NsRTI not excreted by kidn-abacavir
18)protease inh not causing lipodystrophy-atazanavir
19)orally given immunosuppressant-ngolimod
20)sm m not responding to NO3-ureteric
21)CCB in HTN emergency-clevidipine, nicardipine
22)2adr agonist not produce HTN on withdrawal-moxonidine, rilmonidine
23)tolerance not develop to morphine-miosis, constipat, convulsion
24)H1 antag not producing active metab-mizolastine, cetrizine
25)5HT receptor not GPCR-5HT3(ligand)
26)SSRI with no ADR on abrupt withdrawal-fluoxetine
27)antithy drug not inh T4 T3 conversion-methimazole
28)antiHTN drug not continuous during Sx-ACEI, ARB
29)drug not causing eosinoph pneum-NSAID
30)drug not causing SIADH-ActinomycinD
31)rituximab not use in-PNH
32)NE not act on-2adr receptor
33)TNF antag not used in-SLE
34)drug not used dandruff-azelaic acid
35)drug not induce pemph-furosemide

36)drug not cause porphyria-aspirin

37)nicotine preparation not available as-tablet
38)ATT not cause hepatotoxicity-ethambutol
39)insulin never mix with other insulin-glargine
40)oral antidiabetic not cause hyperglycemia-metformin
41)drug not use in pityriasis versicolor-griseofulvin
42)drug not cause xed drug eruption-mepacrine
43)fenfluramine not cause-dizziness
44)mannitol not use in-pulm edema
45)ATT not use in HIV-rifampicin
46)drug not use in paralytic ileus-naloxone
47)antipsychotic with no D2 antag action-aripiprazole(D2 agonist)
48)SSRI with antiACh action-fluoxetine
49)prot synth inh abtc not bacteriostatic-aminoglycoside, streptogramin
50)drug not used in cat IV DOTS-PAS
51)antipsychotic not cause wt gain-molindone(wt loss)
52)both antihelminth&antiprotozoal drug-nitazoxanide
53)typical antipsychotic with no extrapyramidal sympt-thioridazine
54)atypical antipsychotic with D2 antag action-risperidone
55)antifungal not given IV-terbinane(oral)
56)drug not use in endometriosis-misoprostol
57)agent not used for anesth child-morphine
58)LA not used topical-bupivacaine
59)abtc not glycopeptide-daptomycin
60)antifungal drug not used in Candida albicans fungemia-terbinane
61)barbiturate not enzyme inducer-secobarbital(enz inh)
62)NSAID use IV-ketorolac
63)drug withdrawal not req Rx-LSD>cannabis
64)tetracycline absorption not impaired by food-doxycycline, minocycline
65)tetracycline not c/i in ren failure-doxycycline
PHYSIOLOGY
1)Na not absorb-thin descending loop Henle
2)brush border present in-PCT
3)righting reflex not integrated in midbrain-visual righting reflex(cortex)
4)clotting fact not synth by liver-IV,VIII(synth by endothelium,PLT)
5)sensation not relayed in VPL nucleus thalamus-olfactory
6)contraction not seen in colon-MMC(body stom distal ileum)
7)contraction not seen in SI-massive active contraction(colon)
8)hypoxia not produce vasodilatation-lung(d/t O2 sensitive K ch)
9)NT not req Ca intracellular-PTH(Ca)
10)glu entry into cell is not by facilitated diffusion in-GIT, kidn(sec active tpt)
11)endothelin receptor not vasoconstrictor-ET2B(vasodilatation)
12)adenosine is not vasodilator-kidn(vasoconstrictor)
13)peptide h prot bound-IGF(6 IGFBP)
14)hyoxia not stimulating chemoreceptor-anemic
15)intest peptide not secreted by bombesin-secretin
16)h with no change during MC-activin
17)Sertoli cell do not secrete-androgen
18)hypoxemia not dep on-Hb level

PSYCHIATRY
1)panic disord not a/w-glutamate
PSM
1)not part of vision2020-UNICEF
2)not larvicide-DDT
3)not notiable ds-TB
4)lab service not available at PHC-leprosy
5)mortality indicator not ve-life expectancy
6)not seen in asbestosis-atelectasis
RADIOLOGY
1)organ shadow not seen CXR-pancr
2)RA isotope not used as permanent implant-Cs137
SKIN
1)collodion memb not seen in-ichthyosis vulgaris
2)variation in skin colour not d/t-variat in no. of melanocyte
3)not involved in erythema marginatum-face
4)vesicobullous disorder with no bullous involved-pemph foliaceous
5)pruritis not seen in-pityriasis versicolor
6)exfoliative dermatitis not seen in-pityriasis rosea
7)not photosensitive-lichen planus
8)tm not caused by PUVA-cutan Tcell lymphoma
9)onycholysis not seen in-nephrotic synd
10)nail not involved in-DLE
SURGERY
1)gynecomastia not bn-Klinefelter synd
2)struct not involved in cancrum oris-mandible
3)struct not removed in radical neck dissection-phrenic n, CNX
4)lucid interval not seen in-SAH
5)head&neck ca with no met to cervical LN-hard palate
6)bilioenteric stula not caused by-gastric ulcer
7)struct not damaged in submandibular gld excision-inf alveolar n, CNIX
8)not cause a/c pancreatitis-hypotension
9)not complication of a/c pancreatitis-hyperkalemia
10)ca colon not a/w-Polland synd
Abbreviations
a-artery, AA-amino acid, abtc-antibiotic, AI-autoimmune
bef-before, bel-below, b/l-bilateral, bld-blood, b/n-between, bn-benign, br-branch,
Bx-biopsy
ca-carcinoma, carb-carbohydrate, c/i-contraindication, c/l-contralateral,
conc-concentration, cong-congenital, Cx-cervix
d-day, def-deficient, ds-disease, d/t-due to, Dx-diagnosis
E-estrogen
fem-female, fr-from
gld-gland, glu-glucose

h-hormone
idiop-idiopathic, i/l-ipsilateral, inf-infection, inj-injury
lig-ligament, LL-lower limb, l/t-leading to
m-muscle, maj-major, mal-male, MC-most common, met-metastasis, min-minor,
mtx-methotrexate, Mx-management
n-nerve, norm-normal
P-progesterone, pl-plasma, prot-protein, pt-patient
Rx-treatment
SCC-squamous cell carcinoma, sr-serum, Sx-surgery, sz-seizure
tm-tumour, ts-tissue
UL-upper limb, u/l-unilateral
vag-vagina, VC-vocal cord, vel-velocity, vert-vertebra, vit-vitamin, vol-volume
w-week, wt-weight
Xr-X ray
y-year
#-fracture
-degree
-(N.B.-THESE NOTES ARE ONLY FOR THE PURPOSE OF GUIDANCE AND HELP
TO PG ASPIRANTS, NOT FOR COMMERCIAL OR OTHER PURPOSE. REFERENCE
HAS BEEN TAKEN FROM VARIOUS STANDARD TEXTBOOKS. FOR ANY
FEEDBACK/QUERY PLEASE CONTACT- ankit.yadavendra@facebook.com or
dr.ankityadavendra@gmail.com )