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L13 FormWk9811
L13 FormWk9811
Wood
Either all-wood or some wood
components
Plywood
Aluminum
Steel
Plastics
Designated by Cross Sections, Nominal
Dimensions (prior to finishing)
After cut length wise, finishing operations reduces
actual dimensions
2 x 4 Plank
4 ft wide - 8, 10, 12 ft long
1/4, 3/8, 1/2, 5/8, 3/4 inch thick
Weak Orientation of Plywood
Pure aluminum chemically
attacked by wet concrete
Light weight allow larger forming
units
High reuse value
Aluminum beam
nailer - type
For heavy concrete work
With reasonable care will last
indefinitely
High initial cost and high handling
cost
Normally, the forms are used more than
once
More usage of forms reduce the price
Wood forms have less usage potential
than aluminum or steel forms
Complicated shapes of concrete are
more expensive because of labor cost
and reuse of forms.
Majority of cost is _____?? Not
____??
You have to have a construction
plan to determine the reuse cycle
Number of reused largely controls
_____?? Cost.
Number of uses
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Do not deduct
Intersection of beams
Intersection of beams & columns &
walls
Any opening < 100 sq. ft.
Unit of Measurement
Square Foot Contact Area
SFCA
Measure just contact area, not area of formwork
Contact Area
= 2h(L+B)
h
Concrete
B
L
2 x 8
= 1.33 BF/LF x 16 = 21.28 FBM
12
Nails
For first use, 10 - 20 lb. Per 1000 fbm
Additional used, 5 - 10 lb. Per fbm
Form Oil
300 - 500 ft2/gal
Ties
Ties keep forms apart and resist bursting pressure of
concrete
Stay in concrete, pull out
Types:
Steel bands
Rods
Threaded
w/ Nuts and clamps
Design determine Sheathing
thickness, stud size, wale size, tie
size
Use of design tables
Watch for
1.
2.
3.
4.
Rate of pour
Temperature and weather
Proportions of mix and consistency
Method of placement and vibration
Estimate the cost of formwork for
concrete wall (96 x 254)
The rate of placing concrete = 4
ft/hour
Maximum temperature of concrete
= 70F
Wall
tie
2- 2x 4
wale
2x 4x 10- 0 stud
96
2x 4 x 10- 0
brace @ 6- 0
Concrete Footing
254
2x 4 sill
2x 4x 3- 0
Stake @ 6- 0
MinimumTemperature of concrete, F
50
Rating of filling forms, ft/h
2
4
6
2
2
Maximumpressure, lb/ft
510 870 1230 409
Maximumspacing of studs for safe value of sheathing, in
For 1- in sheathing
22 17
14
24
For 2- in sheathing
38 29 24 42
Maximumspacing of wales for safe value of studs, in
2 x 4 studs 1- in sheathing
26 23
21 28
4 x 4 studs 1- in sheathing
40 35 33 43
2 x 6 studs 1- in sheathing
41 36 33 44
2 x 6 studs 2- in sheathing
31 27 25 33
4 x 4 studs 2- in sheathing
31 27 25 33
3 x 6 studs 2- in sheathing
41 36 33 43
Maximumspacing of formties for safe values of wales, in
Double 2 x 4 wales 2 x 4 stud 1S
34 28
24 37
Double 2 x 4 wales 4 x 4 stud 1S
30 24
21 32
Double 2 x 4 wales 2 x 6 stud 1S
27 2
20 29
Double 2 x 6 wales 2 x 6 stud 1S
43 35
31 46
Double 2 x 6 wales 3 x 6 stud 1S
43 35
31 48
70
90
4
6
2
4
6
664 921 350 550 750
19
33
16
28
26
45
21
36
18
31
25
38
39
29
29
38
23
35
36
27
27
35
29
45
46
35
34
45
26
40
41
31
30
41
24
37
38
29
28
37
31 27
27 24
24 22
38 34
39 35
39
34
31
49
50
33 29
29 26
26 23
41 37
41 37
9-6
4
4
4
8
25- 4
Studs required:
Length of wall, (25 x 12)+4
= 304 in
Spacing of studs, 18 in
No. studs required per side, (304/18)+1
= 18
No. studs required for wall, 2 x18
= 26
Lumber required, 36 pc, 2 x4 x 10 ft
= 240 fbm
Wales required:
Height of wall, 114 in
Spacing of wales, 24 in
No. required per side, 114/24 = 4.75, use 5 wales
For each wale, use 2 pc of 2x4 x 12 ft
and 2 pc of 2x4 x 14 ft lumber
Lumber required:
20 pc, 2x4 x 12 ft = 160 fbm
20 pc, 2x4 x 14 ft = 187 fbm
Quantity of Nails
= 704 x 10 lb/1000fbm
= 7.04 lbs
Plywood required
Lumber required
Nails required
Ties required
=
=
=
=
24 sheets
704 fbm
7 lbs
51