ECE 523

J.D. Law

Symmetrical Components
Fall 2007

Synchronous Machine Parameters

Xd
Xq
Xd
Xq
Xd
Xq
X2
X0

direct axis reactance

quadrature axis reactance
direct axis transient reactance
quadrature axis transient reactance
direct axis subtransient reactance
quadrature axis subtransient reactance
negative sequence reactance
zero sequence reactance

rsdc
rsac
rfr
r2

stator dc resistance
stator ac resistance
field resistance referred to the stator
negative sequence resistance

0
0

00
00

Td0
Td
Td
Ta
0

00

direct axis open-circuit transient time-constant

direct axis short-circuit transient time-constant
direct axis short-circuit subtransient time-constant
armature short-circuit (d.c.) time-constant

Session 21b
1/4

ECE 523
J.D. Law

Symmetrical Components
Fall 2007

Hydro Generator (salient pole rotor)

Xmd = B

Xmq = B

kNs
kMD
ND

Xd = B Ld = Xmd + Xlds

kNs
kMQ
ND

Xq = BLq = Xmq + Xlqs

Xd0 =

Xmd XlF
Xmd + XlF
0

+ Xlds

Xq0 = Xmq + Xlds

Xd00 =

Xmd XlD XlF

+ XlF XlD + XlD Xmd
0

Xmd XlF

Xq00 =

Xmq XlQ
Xmq + XlQ

X2 =

Xd00 + Xq00
2

X0 =

Xld + Xlq
2

+ Xlqs

+ Xlds

Session 21b
2/4

ECE 523
J.D. Law

Symmetrical Components
Fall 2007

0
Td0
=

1
RF

X + X 
md
lF
0

Td =

1
bRF

Td =

Xd0 0
T
Xd do

00

Td

00

Tq

Xd00 00
T
Xd do

Xq00 00
T
Xq qo

Ta =

1
rsac b

Xd0 Xlds
+ XlF
Xmd + Xlds

00

00

2Xd Xq
Xd00 + Xq00


0

Session 21b
3/4

ECE 523
J.D. Law

Symmetrical Components
Fall 2007

Machine
Constant
Xd
Xq
Xd
Xq
Xd
Xq
X2
X0
rsdc
rsac
r2
Td0
Td
Td
Ta
0
0

00
00

0
0

00

Turbo
Generator
1.1
1.08
0.23
0.23
0.12
0.15
0.13
0.05
0.003
0.005
0.035
5.6
1.1
0.035
0.16

Hydro
Generator
1.15
0.75
0.37
0.75
0.24
0.34
0.29
0.11
0.012
0.012
0.100
5.6
1.8
0.035
0.15

Synchronous
Condensor
1.80
1.15
0.40
1.15
0.25
0.30
0.27
0.09
0.008
0.008
0.05
9.0
2.0
0.035
0.17

Session 21b
4/4

Synchronous
Motor
1.20
0.90
0.35
0.90
0.30
0.40
0.35
0.16
0.01
0.01
0.06
6.0
1.4
0.035
0.15