Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Objectives
Distinguish between motivating and facilitating
factors
Understanding the nature of psychological and
sociological demand for tourism
Recognize how the product influences the
consumer demand
Be aware of some of the main theories of
consume behaviour, such as decision-making and
risk avoidance
Be aware of the factors, influencing demand and
What is Motivation?
A process of internal
psychological factors (needs,
wants, goals) generating an
uncomfortable level of tension
within the mind and bodies of
individuals. This leads to actions
to try to release tension and
satisfy needs (Richardson and Flurk, 2004)
Motivation process
Consumer
need
Consumer
perception of
what will
satisfy need
Consumer
perception of
the attractions
Actual
attraction
If these
two agrees
Motivation
to vision
destination
Consumer Process
Awareness
Interest
Image
Desire
attitu
de
Action
Risk
Mid-centric
Psychocentric
Independent travellers
Majority of travellers
Seek well-known
established destinations
Choose destination
Seek more adventurous
similar to home
May go to destination
experiences
populated by allocentrics Like the familiar and
may be repeat visitor
Launch
visitors
accelerat
es
rapidly
Growth
visitors
continue
s to
increase,
but at a
slower
rate
Maturity
visitors
peaks
and
falters
visitors
starts to
decline
Saturatio
Declin
Motivated;
by the need to
complete their travel,
and
Business dealings as
efficiently and
effectively as possible
within a given time
frame.
Other motivations;
Speed of transport
Convenience
Punctuality
Reliability
Frequency of flights
Flexibility
Travels on weekdays
Determinants of demand
Economic distance
Cost of service
Cultural distance
Quality of service
Seasonality
Economic distance
Relates to the time and cost involved in travelling
from the origin to the destination area and back
The higher the economic distance, the higher the
economic resistance for that destination and
consequently lower the demand
Cultural distance
Refers to the extent to which the culture of the
area from which the tourist originates differ from
the culture of the host region.
The greater the cultural distance, the greater the
resistance to travel to a particular destination.
Cost of service
Refers to the total expenditure incur for
services/facilities
The higher the cost of services at a destination,
the greater the resistance to travel to that
destination and thus lower the demand
Quality of service
Clearly, the higher the quality of service at a
destination, the lower the resistance will be for
travel to that destination.
Seasonality
The relative
attractiveness of a
given destination will
depend on the time
year for which a
vacation is planned
E.g. Demand for
Beach holidays surges
during summer