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92

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DesankaNIKOLI
ARIJABAZAAR
THEBEGINNINGSOFURBANIZATIONINSERBIAIN19THCENTURY
ThiselaborateisaboutthebeginningsofurbanizationprocessinSerbiain19thcentury,specialattentionbeing
paid totheplaceandroleofarija,graspedinthesenseoftheurbanarea,businesseconomy,socialcultureand
ethnopsychology.
Theauthorobservesthedevelopmentofcities(andtowns)inSerbiathroughtwophases.
Thefirstphasecoverstheperiodfromthirtiestoeighties of19thcentury,whendirectlyupontheestablishmentof
thePrincipalityofSerbia,arijaandtheirsupporters(arirlije),mainlyfromthetradersandmerchantscircles,
playedanimportantroleintherestorationoftheexistingcitiesaswellasintheestablishmentofnewtowns.Atthat
time, the urbanization process was based on the Balkan urban civilization and patriarchal culture, the European
influencebeingsporadic.
ThesecondphaseofeightyyearsischaracterizedbymoreintensivedevelopmentofcitiesinSerbiatakingafter
the European models, which wasconditionedbythegeneralsocial,economicandcivilizingprogressoftheSerbian
stateafterthewarwiththeTurksintheperiodoftime18761878,whenSerbia,apartfromterritorialexpansion,
gained independence. In the course of development of the cities there grew the influence of the new middle class
society,whichcherisheddifferentvaluecriteriawithrespecttothearijlijeinthefirsthalfof19thcentury.
Itisconcludedinthiselaboratethatthebazaararija,whichwastheinceptionoftheurbanizationinSerbia,
as well as the founder of the Serbian civic culture and mentality, by the end of 19th and in the beginning of 20th
century,turnedintoitsanachronism,whileithassurvivedonlyinthesenseofasmalltownmentality.