Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Communication Systems in Power Applications
Communication Systems in Power Applications
in
Power Applications
Overview
Introduction
Communication Needs of Power System
Communication Technologies
Existing Communication Systems
Challenges
Future Trends
Introduction
Reliability
Cost effectiveness
Capacity to handle data rates
Adequate to meet response requirements
Ability to reach identified areas of power system
Ease of operation and maintenance
Security (of data and of control actions)
Communication Reliability
Reliable communication with respect to:
Exposure to severe environment
Electromagnetic Interference (EMI)
Transient EMI (lightning, faults)
Outage of transmission lines
Power outages
Radio paths obstructed or attenuated (by
buildings or foliage)
Cost Effectiveness
Difficult Terrain
Communications that rely on the power line may
have difficulty
10
11
12
13
Communication Technologies
14
15
E/W
R
Y
B
CVT/CC
CVT/CC
PLCC
PLCC
PLCC
CD
CD
PLCC
E/W
R
Y
B
17
PLCC---Uses
18
Voice communication
Tele-control
Tele-protection
SCADA data from RTU
PLCC---Pros
19
Easy availability
Cost effective
Ease of operation & maintenance
PLCC--- Cons
20
22
23
24
point-to-multipoint configuration
Modest data transmission speed requirements
VSAT Communication
Geo-synchronous satellite
36,000 km
Earth Station
25
User site
VSAT(contd..)
SATELLITE
NETWORK
MANAGEMENT
CENTER
UTILITY
CONTROL
CENTER
26
SHARED HUB
VSATs
VSAT (contd..)
Advantages
Near-universal coverage
Good reliability
Fast installation
Disadvantages
Cost
Transmission delays
Blackout periods due to eclipses
Attenuation in heavy rain (Ku band)
27
Mobile Communication
Several competing technologies
3G)
Currently, most applications are for AMR
Recently also being offered for applications in
feeder automation
Potentially holds the promise of economical and
wide-spread coverage
The field is rapidly evolving (2G
28
Tele-Control Protocols
Tele-Control Protocols
The Present SCADA systems use
IEC608705-101
Physical Layer :
Unbalanced
Request Message
Stop bit : 1
Parity bit : Even
[P]
[S]
Master
(Acknowledgment)
Response Message
[P] (Request User Data)
[S]
Unbalanced Mode :
Transmitted messages are categorized on two priority classes( Class 1 & Class 2 )
Balanced Mode :
All the messages are sent, No categorization of Class 1 and Class 2
Slave
Selection of ASDUs
ICCP Protocol
Associations
An application Association needs to be established between two ICCP instances before any data exchange can
take place. Associations can be Initiated, Concluded or Aborted by the ICCP instances.
Data Values
Data Values are objects that represent the values of control-center objects including points (Analog, Digital and
Controls) or data structures.
Data Sets
Data Sets are ordered-lists of Data Value objects that can be created locally by an ICCP server or on request
by an ICCP client
Information Messages
Information Message objects are used to exchange text or other data between Control Centers.
Transfer Sets
Transfer Set objects are used for complex data exchange schemes to transfer Data Sets (all elements or a
subset of the Data set elements) etc.
Devices
Devices are the ICCP objects that represent controllable objects in the control center.
ICCP Protocol(Contd..)
Conformance Blocks
ICCP divides the entire ICCP functionality into 9 conformance block subsets. Implementations can declare the blocks that
they provide support for, thus clearly specifying the level of ICCP supported by the implementation. Any ICCP implementation
must necessarily support Block 1ca
SLDC
Wide Band
Commn
Sub-LDC
Sub-LDC
Wide Band /
PLCC Commn
RTU
RTU
RTU
TFE
computer
Panel
Multi-port
Stallion
Adapters
Modem
Panel
multi-Port
Stallion
adapters
Splitter
Modem
Modem
Modem
Modem
RTU
Modem
RTU
Modem
Modem
RTU
INTER-SITE communications
Protocol management
SCADA/
ICCP Server
ICCP
Other Sites/ICCP Server
RTU Connectivity
Normal RTU
LAN-B
Critical RTU
LAN-B
LAN-A
LAN-A
CFE
CFE
CFE
CFE
S
M
M
RTU
RTU
Control Centre
Through PLCC
.
RTULINK
Location
Data (FSK)
Modem
RTU
Data (FSK)
PLCC
Analog
PLCC
Analog
Modem
Modem
Modem
Modem
speech
speech
Modem
RTU
PLCC
Mode
m
Mode
m
Mode
m
Primary
Mux
Radi
o
Primary
Mux
Radi
o
Mux
Speech
Require
--
Modem
-Sub
Data(Fsk
)
Analo
g
PLCC
Speech
Control Centre
Speech
Wideband Node
29
Radio
28
30
Link
29
64 kbps
Sub
Mux
30
4 x E1
4 x E1
RTU at Wideband
Node
CFE
MUX
RADIO
TX / RX
RADIO
TX / RX
MUX
RTU
CFE
MUX
CONTROL CENTRE
OLTE
OLTE
MUX
RTU
%Usage
50
15
30
<1
5
ORISSA
Jeypore(CS)
Bamra
Sub LDC
Jayanagar
Bodhgaya
JHARKHAND
Manpur
Hatia
Atari
SLDC
Ranchi
Mujaffarpur
Rajgir
Fatuha
SLDC
Patna
Biharshariff
(BSEB)
Bargaon
Tower # 313
( Repeater Shelter )
Biharshariff
(CS)
U/G
Therubali
Lalganj
Hajipur
BIHAR
Kahalgaon (CS )
Kutra
Akusingha
(Repeater )
Chandil
80M
CTPS
Tarkera
Narendrapur
Sub LDC
Meramandali
Maithon-G
Jamshedpur ( CS )
Barkote
(Repater Shelter)
Mendhasal
Backup
64 KBPS
Bokaro-B
Rourkela
(CS )
Tower # 226
( Repeater Shelter )
SLDC
TSTPP
HVDC
Mejia
Waria
WEST BENGAL
Kalipahari
Farakka(CS)
CPCC
Durgapur
Chandaka
Kalyaneswari
STPS
Tower #146
( Repeater shelter)
Under PDT
Malda(CS)
Mankar
Chainpal
SLDC
Bhubaneswar
30M
Kamakhyanagar
Belmuri
Naupada
60M
Mathkargola
Jajpur
Town
Jeerat
Sub LDC
NBU
100M
Barchana
Vidyut
Bhavan
Backup
PDT
Burdwan
Backup
64 KBPS
SLDC
Backup
PDT
Howrah
Duburi
Siliguri (CS)
Backup
64 KBPS
Kasba
DVC HQ
:
:
:
:
India Bhutan
border at
90 km
100M
Challenges
45
Future Trends
46
communication standards.
Possible application of cellular digital packet
data radio technologies.
47
Thank You
Devendra Kumar
DGM,ERLDC