Planning a Research Design

Identifying Appropriate
Measurement Instruments
-Jonalie

Research Instruments
-use to gather or collect data or
information.

Most Commonly Used Research

Instruments
Questionnaire
Interview
Checklist
Observation

QUESTIONNAIRE
The most common instrument or
tool of research for obtaining the
data

Two Forms of Questionnaire

Closed form
Open form

Closed Form
It has a
questions and
answers. The
choose one
answers.

fixed number of
a limited choice of
respondents should
or more suitable

Open Form
It consists a number of questions.
The answers are in the form of essay
and the content may vary depending on
the respondents.

Guidelines in Using the

Questionnaire
Clarity of language
Singleness of purpose
Relevant to the objective of the
study

Advantages/
Disadvantages

INTERVIEW
It is a sense of an oral
questionnaire. Instead of writing
the response, the interviewee gives
the needed information orally and
face-to-face.

Types of Interview
Structured
Semi-structured
Unstructured

Structured Interview
It has a fixed number of
questions and limited choice of
answers. It's like a structured
questionnaire, but the questions
are spoken by the researcher to
the respondents.

Semi-Structured Interview
It has a few questions as
guidelines, and can be added when
necessary.

Unstructured Interview
There are no questions at all in the
beginning. The researcher determines
the questions after immersing in the
field for some time. The things to be
asked will appear after the immersion.

CHECKLIST
The simplest of the devices, consists
of a prepared list of items. The
presence or absence of the item may be
indicated by inserting the appropriate
word or number.

OBSERVATION
Perceiving
data
through
the
senses: sight, hearing, taste, smell
and touch.
Most direct way used in studying
individual behavior.

Types of Observation
Participatory
Non-participatory

Participatory Observation
The researcher participates in
the activities of the subjects.

Non-participatory Observation
The researcher does not
participate in the activities of
the subjects