التقرير النهائي

-
-
.
- -

- -
.
.
..
..
. .
.
: -:
: -:
-:
: -:
. .
-:
-:
: -:
: -:
.
.

.
.

%80

) (FAO ) (UNEPA
) (IUCN
)(WWF .

.

.

)( .
- -
.
.

" 320 " " 299 " .
-1
-
.

- - .
- -

10
.
.
11
: : -2
%1
%50 .
" "1100 ""2000

" " 75
% 4
. .
- -
.
..
- - -
" 882 " - .

650 " "
200 .
12
: 1-2
%80
: 2-2
20 23
32 33
.
%1 .
( :
. :
10 30 1.5 .
: %60 )(
)( %90 )( )( .
: )( .
12 8/ 45/
400/
:
650/ ) ( .
275/ ) ( .
%75 ) ( ) (
. %7
1 20/ 50/
13
:
.
.
: 3-2
.
) (
3.5
.
.

.

30

. :
: 4-2
%1
.

.
.
14
: 5-2
)(FAO
) ( UNEP
.
-3

/ . ) ( 3 2002 2002/4/7
2002/1370
/ . .
/ . ) (
. /
.
15
: -4
.

.

.

.
-5
16
.
:
-1 .
-2 .
-3 .
-4 .
-5 .
: 1-5
: 1-1-5
: 2-1-5
1976 KLM
1:100000 %60 % 30
1:50000
1964 Landsat 1:250000 1977
Pacific Aerosurvey - - 1964
. 1:250000
14-34 15-34 16-34
. 1974 1:50000
1:100000 .1992
: 3-1-5
1:250000 1:100000 1:50000
17
) (GPS
.
-1 ) ( Land sat 7
-2 .
-3 .
-4 .
-5 .
-6 .
-7 .
4-1-5
) (
) (7
) (902167.00 .
) (102784.00

) (456334.00
) (299232.00

18
1996 ) (320000 .

) (17210.00 ) (%5.75
.
) (456334.00 %50
) (9066.00 %2
. :
( :
200
2814.0 8 ). (1
( :
200 450 . 6678.00

22 ). (2
( :
450 .
16813.00 25
). (3
) : (1 .
.
)(
)(
)(
1539.7
325
2831.3
87.12
5033
3690 I D V1
34
588.32
194967
3690 I D V1
44
882.77
20760.3
106
3690 V G V1
38
265.30
10414.7
3490 III E V1
52
265.50
6421
3490 III F V1
52
387.6
7496
90
101
3790 I F V1
102
3790 IV E V1
63
103
3790 IV H V1
30
104
105
107
108
)(
12.69
2814
*
19
) : (2 .
*
)(
)(
)(
144.7
4963
79.0
3429
217.6
9013
) (
201
3590 II I V1
198
202
3590 II E V2
420
203
3590 II C V1
420
204
3690 III D V2
430
325.0
8592
205
3690 I F V1
403
356
7578
206
3790 I B V1
420
245.0
6548
207
3790 I C V1
385
319.0
8926
208
3790 IV F V1
378
94.2
4435
209
3690 IV E V1
226
277.7
7472
10
210
3690 IV F V1
280
124.0
4412
11
211
3590 III F V1
355
189.6
5495
12
212
3590 II G V1
221
774.3
16942
13
) (
213
3590 II G V2
275
436.7
9110
14
) (
214
3590 II A V1
416
620.7
15807
15
215
3590 II I V1
415
412.0
7898
16
216
3590 II E V1
451
350.0
7200
17
217
3690 III H V2
360
29.1
4118
18
218
3490 II F V1
294
298.7
7823
19
219
3690 IV A V1
282
80.3
3293
20
220
3690 I D V1
336
174.0
5505
21
221
3690 IV B V1
360
60.2
4334
22
222
3798 I G V1
414
1070.0
14058
)(
66778
) : (3 .
)(
) (
)(
100.6
3869
65.6
3463
572.0
11967
79.5
3771
558
497.8
6621
301
3790 IV B V1
684
302
3590 III B V1
465
303
3790 II H V1
450
304
3790 IV E V1
540
305
3590 II B V1
) (
306
3590 II A V2
465
619.7
9767
307
3690 II G V1
669
148.0
4815
308
3790 III B V1
620
383.2
7886
309
3790 IV A V1
680
4225
25258
10
310
3690 III D V1
653
153.5
4681
11
311
3690 III H V1
600
115.0
5377
12
) (
312
3690 III E V1
660
129.0
5729
13
313
3489 I F V1
550
271.0
5916
14
) (
314
3589 IV I V2
520
456.0
8563
20
)(
) (
)(
15
315
3589 I I V1
490
19.0
1677
16
316
3690 II D V1
830
107.76
4267
17
317
3690 II F V1
780
950.26
11809
20
) (
318
3790 II E V1
470
2907.5
25629
19
) (
319
3790 III D V2
660
62.75
3623
20
320
3590 III F V2
464
70.4
3306
21
321
3590 III B V2
458
217.6
9013
22
322
3589 IV A V1
600
1512.0
18618
23
) (
323
3589 IV F V1
460
1980.0
17914
24
) (
324
3589 IV I V1
440
1080.0
20619
)(
16813
2-5
1-2-5
.
:
: 2-2-5
. .
.

21
: 3-2-5

. .
.
:
) : ( 1973
18 .
3 130
326 1800000.
) : ( 1980

33 00
31 00

19 50 22 45
12 72
.
. 12
. :
.
.
.

.

22
4-2-5

%45 %50
50 .
.
.

.
) (Aridisols ) (Entisols Inceptisols )(Alfisols

) (Mollisols .
.
.
23
.
.

.
.
.
3-5
1-3-5
:
-1 .
-2 .
-3 .
-4 .
-5 .
-6 .
-7 .
-8 .
-9 .
-10 .
-11 .

24
-12 .
-13 .
-14 .
-15 .
2-3-5
.
. 1954
. .
)( . 1984
-3-3-5
.
.
.
4-3-5
. 500 447
107 . 46 . 50
.
2517 3757 4391 .

. 3805
) ( .
.
)(
486 . %93 . 685
%80 . .
24 .
3750 3537
911 . .
25
: 176 100 130 120
10 . 83
.
4-5
1-4-5
- .
. . - .
2-4-5
) (Almaswori and Saeed1990

.
) ( Kazan and Kday 1980
1980 1990 1992
26
3-4-5
.
.
.
.
4-4-5

. .
.
.
27
5-5
1-5-5
.
.
-1 .
-2
.
-3 .
-4 .
2-5-5
22
3-5-5
: 1-3-5-5

1995 1954 %2,8
64-15 . %4.9
7 . 1995
.
28

.
2-3-5-5
%53 .
%82.6

.
3-3-5-5

.
4-3-5-5
-6

900
29
: 1-6
.
.

1996
.
.

.
600 2100
.
30

.
. %4
: 2-6
32 21
500 830 . 20 100 .
25
.
.
.
31
50
) ( 35 45
.
: 3-6
.
.

.
2630 3380 5000
.
.

32

)(
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
)(

33
: 4-6
7290 17 . %57

.

.
%16

. %80
350 .
.
34

.

: 5-6
) (
) (
.
. %36
%1.6 9.2 / .

.

.
35
-7

.
1-7
2-7
3-7
4-7
.
5-7
6-7
36
7-7
.
8-7
.
9-7

.
.
10-7
11-7
12-7
.
.

.
.
13-7
14-7
37

: 1-1
. .
..
.
. . . .
: 2-1
23
20
33
32
- -
) . (1
38
39
: 3-1
Gregory 1911
.

.
Desio (1935,1934) , Floridia (1935) , Marchetti (1934a , 1934b , 1938 ) Marelli (1920) , Silverstri (1928,1929) ,
)Stfanini (1923a,1923b,1935
)) .(Desio(1968

1956 A1-18 1956/4/30
1957/1/25

2000000 : 1 :
) Contant and Goudarzi (1964,1967 )T-F Barr (1968
) (Gregory, 1911 .
)Kleinsmied and Van Dan Berg (1968
) . Pilerz (1968 1972 Barr and Weegar

.
250000 :1
61 .

. ) Klen (1974 ) Rohlich (1974 ) Zert(1974
) Francis and Issawi (1977 ) Swedan and Issawi (1977 ) Eldeftar and Issawi (1977
) Gigla (1984 ) Manetti (1984
40

1987 1985 1980
Barr PESO
1968 ) Kiabar and Baird (1973
) (ESSL 1977
. ) (1978
: 1-3-1
.
Tyrrhenea Ionean
) . (Lanbscher and Bernoulli ,1977

) . (2
-1 .
-2 .
-3 .
-4 .
-5 .

hercynian orogeny
- .

) (Klizsch ,1970,1971
) ( .
41
.
.

Alpine Orogaeny
42
43
) (2 )(Elhawat and Shelmani , 1992
: 1-1-3-1
-:
* :
Pangea
Palaeotehys

.
200
Glauconitic shale
A1 28 )(ElArnauti and Shelmani , 1985

). (Shelmani , 1992
* :

) (Pitman and Talwni ,1972

) . ( Laubscher and Bernoulli.1977 )(
.
.

Agib NC128 A1 . 750
Al-NC120
780
) (Duronio et al ,1991
C1-18
)( .
* :

Toronian and Santonian
44

. ) (Doronio ,1991 A1- NC120

Santonian ) (Eurasia
Cenomanian Coniacin
Campanian ) (Rolich ,1980
) (Smith and Karky ,1993
. A1-NC120
Campanian Santonian
Maastrichtin ) (Duronio et. al. ,1992

A1 NC128

. Cenomanian to Santonian
300
C1-18 A1-NC120
530 550
A1-NC128 .
* : Palaeocene
) (
Alpine Orogeny
Santonian

"
") . (Barr and Berggen , 1980
. Danian
45
.

C1-18 A1-NC120 .
(Barr, 1968) Landenian
. (Rohlich,1974) Danian
. A1-NC120
* Eocene

) . (Elhawat,in press
) (Barr and Berggren , 1980
.
) (
.
.
.
) (
.

). (Ammar ,1993
Lutetian
) . (Elhawat,1986
A1-NC120

46
. .

.
* : Oligocene
) . (Elhawat,in press Unconformity

Palaeosol
.
.
.

) . (3
) (Rohlich ,1980
). (Duronio et. Al. , 1993

) (Smith and Karky,1993
.Neogene
47
) (3 ) (EL HAwat,1993
48
* : Miocene
) (Benomran et. al. ,1987

) . (Mograh fm

) (Rohlich ,1974 ) (Nummulites Fichieti
) (Rohlich
.
Messinian Events
) . (Smith and Karky , 1993
Paratethys
41
49
: 2-3-1
) (3 ) Gregroy (1911) Desio(1935
) Burollet(1960) Kleinsmiede and Van den Berg , (1955) Pieterz (1968) (Barr and Weegar (1972

) (4
:
-1 .
-2 .
-3 .
-4 .
1-2-3-1
2-2-3-1
Cenomanian Maastrichtain

( :
-1 . KuQ
-2 . KuB
-3 . KuM
-4 . KuD
-1 : Cenomanian KuQ
) ( Burollet , 1960
) ( Marchetti , 1934
) ( Kleinsmiede and Van den Berg,1968 .

) ( Barr and Weeger, 1972 .
50
51
) (4 )(Klen , Rohlcih and Zert, 1974
) ( Klen ,1974
.
Pyrite and Glauconite

"" ) ( Rohlich , 1974 .
-2 : Cenomanian Coniacian KuB
20
54
32 18

) . ( Kleinsmiede and Van den Berg ,1968

.
) ( Marchetti ,1934) (Naldini , 1949)(Barr,1968
) (Klen ,974) (Rohlich , 1974 Cenomanian

.
-3 : Campanian KuM
) ( Angular Unconformity
21 36 10
32 25
70 )(Rohlich ,1974
)(Kleinsmiede and Van den Berg,1968
) ( Barr and berrgren,1980 .
) (Wack to Mudstone
.
10
20
58
32 18
.
-4 : Maastrichtian :KuD
) (Rohlich ,1974
12 47 40 23 34
32 32
12 04 150 40
610.

52

) ) ( Kleinsmiede and Van den Berg,1968 . (5
- :
:
-1 KuH .
-2 KuA .
-1 : Cenomanian to Coniacin

22 10
32 52

. Cenomanian to Coniacin
) ( Rohlich, 1974 )( Barr and Hammuda , 1971

) Marchetti (1934
) Barr (1968
) Hammuda (1971

.
. ) (Shale
Planktonic Foraminifers
) (Barr and Hammuda .1971 300
) . ( Barr and Weegar , 1972

-2 : Coniacian to Maasrichtian
) (Barr and Hammuda , 1971
23 17 .
32 52

6 .
53
) (5

54

Chalky Caleilutite and Biocalcarenite
.
.
3-2-3-1
Palaeocene Miocene
. Landenian- Danian .
NI 34-15 :
-1 . TpA
-2 . TeA
-3
. TeD
-4 . ToB
-5 ToA
-6 TmF
-7 TmR

.
.
-1 : Palaeocene TpA
) (Barr ,1968
20 95 . ) ( Rohlich , 1974
6 23 33
21 74 .
23 23

) . (6
.
55
) (6

56
-2 : Ypresian Lutentin TeA

) ( Gregory,1911
21 52 56
32 49 54
Gregory .
) ( Pieterz, 1968 .

Bituminous Calcilutites to Calcarenites

35 250 - 380
. 800
.
.
.
-3 : Lutetian Priabonian TeD
) (Gregory,1911
28 32
32 46
) ( Kleinsmied at Van Den Berg , 1968 .

250.000 : 1 .

) . ( Ammar, 1993 140 270

.
Gizhensis .

57
. .
-4 : Oligocene ToB
21 .
43
32 46
) ( Rohlich ,1974 :
( .
( .
( :
) ( Kleinsmied and Van Den Berg , 1968

Glauconitic

20 40
.
.

.
( :
Calcarenite

.
.

.
.
-5 : Middle Oligocnene ToA
) ( Rohlich , 1974 32 47
22 00
36 4
.

58
-6 : Early Miocene TmF

32 40
55 21 ) ( Zert , 1974 ) ( Klen,1974 ) ( Rohlich , 1974

45 Glanconitic

.
) . (6
: 4-2-3-1
.
:
-1 .
-2 .
-3 .
-1 :

200 ) .(Rohlich,1974
59
2 15 .
-2 :
( ). (Calcarenite
( .
( .
( ): (Calcarenite
) (Calcarenite
.
50 60 180 .
( :

.
.
( :

) (Calcarenite .

60
-3 :

.
.
-1 .Landslide and Slump

-2 Rock fall
-3
Earth flow
-4 Soil Creep
-1 : Land slide and slump
( .
( .

25 70
61
-2 : Rock fall
.
) (Rock fan
.
-3 : Earth flow

.
-4 : Soil creep
) (1

) . (2
: 3-3-1

1963
. ) (Rolich,1974
.

62
) ( 1 ) (2003
) ( 2 ) (2003
63
-1 :
) (Cenomanian Coniacian .
-2 :
). (CanpanianLandenian
-3 :
( - .
( .
( .
( .
( .
* ): (Cenomanian Coniacian
Intra-Senonian
ENE-WSW
20-10 50 .

.
* ) : ( Campanian Landenian
* : Lendenian Danian

:
( . Folds
( . Faults
( . Joints
( . Unconformity
64
- : Folds

.

20-10
50 .
( : Faults
) . (7
normal faults 75-55

.
-
.
( : Joints

. )( .
) (Ammar,1999 200
- NE-SW ) . ( 8
65
66
) ( 7 -1 : -2 . -3 .
)(Rohlich, 1974
( : Unconformity
.
.
) (3
) (8 200 )(Ammar, 1999
67
: 4-3-1

.
:
* :
( :
.

.
( :

.
-1 200
900 .
68
) (9
-2
.
NE-SW .
* :
) (Stream divide .

. .
1:50000
) (Hydrogeo,1992 :
( : Companionated Dendritic Pattern

(Ammar,1999) NNE-SSW
) . (9
69
) ( 10
( : Subparallel Pattern
) ( 11
70
(.
( : Karst Pattern .

) . (11
( : Dendritic Pattern

) . (12
* :
) ( 12
.
- -
. .
900
200 .

71
: Dolin

) ( Terra rosa soils ) ( .
: Polje

) (AGI,1972
.
: Collapse sink hole
" "
300 200
.
. Karst lakes
: Blind Streams
) (1988
)( 800 .
: 4-1
.

.
72
) (1938
.
) ( 1972

- -
)( . ) (2002-1972

.
1978-1976 -
)
( . 157
. ) ( 1981 1980
) ( 80/2 -
.

.
) (1972 ) (1978

.
) ( ) ( 1976 -1974
1200/ 2000/
73
: 1-4-1

. 850
) ( ) (

.
.
) ( .
.
: 2-4-1
. 25
50
) ( 1981 1980 ) (
- ) / 2 ( 1980
1984 1980 36
) ( ) ( ) ( .
.
.
:

74
:
30 - 10
1.5 .
) %60 (%77 - 65
% 90 .

20-8 / 45/
.
:
7.5-5 / .
400/ 4000 ) 3200 /(

600/ ) ( .
) 280 270/ ( ) -( . %75

) ( ) (
. %7
1982 1981
20 - 1 / 50 / .

1981 1980 1982 1981 )

( .
) ( 1
.
75
) ( 1
) (
217.0
1912-1980
68
302.4
1930-1980
30
419.9
1919-1973
36
263.9
1934-1975
14
309.8
1956-1978
19
366.2
1966-1981
268.6
1930-1974
20
596.8
1933-1979
21
601.1
1932-1981
21
10
382.2
1930-1979
21
11
279.9
1939-1979
40
12
130.0
1934-1978
44
13
147.0
26
14
355.3
24
: 3-4-1

.

- 600/
120 50 120 .
217 / ) (
9000 3.5
) ) -(
76
1984 - 1980
1981 1980 1984 1983 ) ( 8 1983 1982 1984 1983 .
)( .
. ) (6
.
.
) (
.

.
.
: 4-4-1
) ( .
77
30

- - - -

. :
* :

.
- - .

10-2/
) ( .

10,000 .
7 .
) (
1200 / 2000/
15 .
78
* :

.
.
- - .
) ( 250 .
.
* :
: 5-4-1
%1

.
.
.
.

.

.
.
79
* :

.
.
) (
.
) (

. 150

) 40-10 (
.
.

. ) (1972
) ( 252
. ) ( 560 / .

80
) . (1994
.
:
) ( 2 ) (1998

) / (
) /3 (
) /3(
90.00
7,776.00
2,838,240.00
90.00
7,776.00
2,838,240.00
30.00
2,592.00
946,080.00
30.00
2,592.00
946,080.00
100.00
8,640.00
3,153,600.00
110.00
9,504.00
3,468,960.00
120.00
10,368.00
3,784,320.00
100.00
8,640.00
3,153,600.00
670.00
57,888.00
21,129,120.00
) ( 3 1998
.
) / (
) /3 (
) /3(
265
22,896
8,357,040
560
48,384
17,660,160
20
1,728
627,800
20
1,728
627,800
50
4,320
1,576,800
915
79,056
28,849,600
) ( 4
36
74
15
50
131
1110
81
) /3(
) /3 (
405
34,992
12,772,080
478
41,299
15,074,135
177
15,293
5,581,945
4,320
1,576,800
95,904
35,004,960
*
250

. :
) : ( 5
55
354
51
656
56,679
25
800
69,120
25,228,800
20
190
16,416
5,991,840
50
4,320
1,576,800
12
220
19,008
6,937,920
50
4,320
1,576,800
168
2270
196,129
71,586,720
/3
/3
30,586
11,163,744
20,687,616
) - ( .
350
400 800
) ( 1300 800
2300 800 ) (
) 200 (
) (

) (
82
.

.
550
550 -520 .

.
): (6
) ( 6
463
926
80,000
1389
120,000
/3
40,000
14,600,000.00
29,200,000.00
43,800,000.00
* :

.
.
) -(
. .
83

. )
( .
- .
1200 /
. 300
.
.
450
.
90 .

285-90
20-3 / . 28
20-12
.
- :
) (:
) 700 (.
- :
) (
. -

84
.
:
) ( 550-450 .
400-350.
) ( 7
359
822
71,000
1180
102,000
) /(
) /3(
) /(
31,000
11,315,000.00
25,915,000.00
37,230,000.00
: 5-1
.
%1
%50 .
" "1100 ""2000

" " 75
% 4
. .
- -
.
..
- - " 882 " - .
85

650 " "
200 .
: 6-1
) (UNEPA "

"
.

.
.

86
: 7-1
- -
.
.
. .

.

. -
.
-

.
.
1992 ) (UNCED
) (Earth Summit 178 116
- -
87
: 8-1
) (FAO
"
".
) (ITTO "
" .
) (UNEPA "

. " .
: 9-1
88

) .(3
) : (3 ) ( 2003.4.19
.
.
89
600 800
) .(4
200
.
) : (4 ) ( 2003.4.19
.

.

90
) (5

) : ( 5 ). (2003.4.19
.
.

) . (6
91
) : (6 ). (2003.4.20

) (7 .
.
.
) : ( 7
. 2002 )( 2003.4.13
92
.
.
.

.
) . (8
.
.
) . (9
.
) : (8
)(2002.11.16
93
3 4
.
) . (10
.
.
.
) . (11
) : (9 )(2003.4.19
.
.
.

94
) : (10
)(2003.4.19
) : (11
) . (2003.4.13

95

.
.
) : (12
). (2003.4.20
) (12 .
676 18850
.
.

.
96
) . (13
) : (13 .
) . ( 2003.4.19
.
.
97
.
.
) : (14
) ( 2003.4.13
200

) (14

.
.
.
.
.
.
98
)) : ( 15
. )(2002.11.16

.
.

) .(15

) . (19 18 16

.

.
.

.

99
) : ( 16 .
). ( 2003.4.19
.

.

) : (17

)( )( ). (2003.4.14
100
) . (16
) . (17
.
.
) : ( 19 - 18 .
)( )( ).(2003.4.14
400 ) . (17

.
101
) : (21 - 20 ) (
) ( ).(2003.4.14
.
.

) . (21 20

.
.
.
102
.
) : (22
) . (2003.4.14
.
. .

) (22
.
) . (23
) : (23
) .(2003.4.19
103
.
. .

.
.
: 10-1
. -
- .

.
.
.

.
11-1

/ . ) ( 3 2002 2002/4/7

2002/1370
104
/ .
.
/ . ) (
. /
.
/
.

- -:
- -
: 12-1
105
.

.
.
.
.
.
106
.

.
:
-6 .
-7 .
-8 .
-9 .
-10
107
: 1-2
: 1-1-2
: 2-1-2
) (1

.
:
-1 ) ( 50000 :1 54

. ( Mercator Projection Zone -Universal Transverse ) 34 25
) ( 2 1515
.
) . ( GPS
-2 ) ( Landsat-7
)( . 2001 6060 .
Map Maker
. Adobe Photoshop
-3 ) (250000 : 1 ) ( 1 30 1 30
15
100 . .
-4
. .
108
) ( 1
) ( 50.000 : 1
2030
33 00
32 45
32 30
32 15
2300
2015
2200
2230
3590 I
3790V
3690VI 3690 I
3790 I 3890 IV
3890 I
II
3790 II
II
3590 II 3690 III
3790 III
3890 III
3890
3690
3789 I
3689 I
3889 I
3589 I 3689VI
3789VI
3889
3889 III 3889 II
32 00
3789 II
3789 III
II
3689
3589 II 3689 III

109
2100
2130
3590

III
3590
II
3490
III
3490
VI
3589
3489 I
VI
3489
III
3589
II
3489
III
3489
3389 I
3389 II
) ( 2
110
: 1-2-1-2
( :

) (
) ( GPS
.
) (GIS .
- :
.
) ( GPS
.
34

) Universal Transverse Marcator (UTM ) ( GIS
) . (3
( :
) ( GPS
- ) ( 50000 : 1
) ( 50000 :1
) (GIS
)( 50.000 : 1
GPS
.
)) (GIS . (4
111
) (3

112
) (4

113
3-1-2
: 1-3-1-2

.

.
) (

. ) ( 1
) (902167.00 .
) (102784.00
) (456334.00
) (5 )(299232.00
) . (6
1996 ) (320000 .

114
) (17209.61
) (%5.75 .

) . (7
) ( 1

) (
)(%
299232.00
33.20
456334.00
50.53
102784.00
11.40
28231.00
3.10
10407.00
1.20
5179.00
0.57
902167.00
%100

1.15%
0.57%
33.17%

3.13%

11.39%

17209.61
5.75%

20.99%
299231.71

94.25%

29.59%
) (6

) (5

9065.93
2%
456333.99
98%
) (7
115
) (456333.99 %50
) (9065.93 %2
) . (7 :
-1 :
200
2814.3 8 . ) (2
.
.
) : (2 .
)(
)(
)(
101
3790 I F V1
90
12.69
1539.7
102
3790 IV E V1
63
325
2831.3
103
3790 IV H V1
30
87.12
5033
104
3690 I D V1
34
588.32
194967
105
3690 I D V1
44
882.77
20760.3
106
3690 V G V1
38
265.30
10414.7
107
3490 III E V1
52
265.50
6421
108
3490 III F V1
52
387.6
7496
)(
-2 :
2814.3
*
200 450 . 6677.99

22 . ) (3 .
-3 :
450 .
16813.25 25
) (4 .
-4

-:
( - .
( .
( .
( .
( - .

116
) : (3 .
*
)(
)(
)(
144.7
4963
79.0
3429
217.6
9013
) (
201
3590 II I V1
198
202
3590 II E V2
420
203
3590 II C V1
420
204
3690 III D V2
430
325.0
8592
205
3690 I F V1
403
356
7578
206
3790 I B V1
420
245.0
6548
207
3790 I C V1
385
319.0
8926
208
3790 IV F V1
378
94.2
4435
209
3690 IV E V1
226
277.7
7472
10
210
3690 IV F V1
280
124.0
4412
11
211
3590 III F V1
355
189.6
5495
12
212
3590 II G V1
221
774.3
16942
13
) (
213
3590 II G V2
275
436.7
9110
14
) (
214
3590 II A V1
416
620.7
15807
15
215
3590 II I V1
415
412.0
7898
16
216
3590 II E V1
451
350.0
7200
17
217
3690 III H V2
360
29.1
4118
18
218
3490 II F V1
294
298.7
7823
19
219
3690 IV A V1
282
80.3
3293
20
220
3690 I D V1
336
174.0
5505
21
221
3690 IV B V1
360
60.2
4334
22
222
3798 I G V1
414
1070.0
14058
)(
6677.99
) : (4 .
)(
) (
)(
100.6
3869
65.6
3463
572.0
11967
79.5
3771
558
497.8
6621
301
3790 IV B V1
684
302
3590 III B V1
465
303
3790 II H V1
450
304
3790 IV E V1
540
305
3590 II B V1
) (
306
3590 II A V2
465
619.7
9767
307
3690 II G V1
669
148.0
4815
308
3790 III B V1
620
383.2
7886
309
3790 IV A V1
680
4225
25258
10
310
3690 III D V1
653
153.5
4681
11
311
3690 III H V1
600
115.0
5377
12
) (
312
3690 III E V1
660
129.0
5729
13
313
3489 I F V1
550
271.0
5916
14
) (
314
3589 IV I V2
520
456.0
8563
117
)(4
)(
) (
)(
15
315
3589 I I V1
490
19.0
1677
16
316
3690 II D V1
830
107.76
4267
17
317
3690 II F V1
780
950.26
11809
20
) (
318
3790 II E V1
470
2907.5
25629
19
) (
319
3790 III D V2
660
62.75
3623
20
320
3590 III F V2
464
70.4
3306
21
321
3590 III B V2
458
217.6
9013
22
322
3589 IV A V1
600
1512.0
18618
23
) (
323
3589 IV F V1
460
1980.0
17914
24
) (
324
3589 IV I V1
440
1080.0
20619
)(
16813.25
-5

-6
12 4225

) (Plot .
.
118
: 2-3-1-2
. :
-1 :
) Land-sat 7
(2002 Land Cover 6060

) ( JPEG
) (

-2 :
) (Scale
) (GIS Map Maker

) (
. .
. 250.000 : 1
-3 :

Base maps
) Adobe Photoshop 7 . (8
-4 :

. Adobe Photoshop 7
-5 :
Adobe Photoshop 7 Map Maker
Digitizing Polygon
) . (9
119
)(8

120
-6 :

7 Adobe Photoshop 7
Layers .
-7 :
Map Maker
Live layers
) (*.dra,*.stl
.
-8 ) ( Overlaying :
) (*.dra
Map maker ) (9 . *.geo
Overlaying
-1 ) . ( GPS
-2 ) (50.000 :1
UTM .
-3 . Map Maker

.
-4 . 250.000 : 1
-5
16813.25 6677.99 2814.30
.
121
122
2-2
""
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.

123
.
.
.

.

) ( forest cover ) ( forest floor )( microclimate
.

.
.
.

.
.
.

.
124
.
.
.

.
.
.
.

.
500 (
) 200
. ) 774 ( .
)1900 1100 (
.
.

.

.
125

) . ( Nicolas et al, 2000
) (1980
. .
.
100

.
.
.

. ) ( Kohnk and Bertrand,1959
. ) ( Wischmeier et al.,1971

) . ( 1997 ) ( Hudson,1981
.

.
.
126

.
1-2-2
.
:
2-2-2
.
. ) (1984
. ) ( Geffli, 1973
) (1980 .
: ( ) 1-2-2-2
) ( Giffli, 1973
18
) (1984 :
-1
400 / 175 .
) ( %15-5
. 94 .
400 300 / 424 .
-2
) ( %1-0
) ( %40-30
127
300-150 / 466
-3
) . (%5 .
190
.
300 200 /
-4
) ( %30 5
.
250 / 30
-5
) (%5 .
150 / ) (%5
-6

771 .
130 326

306
: (1980) 2-2-2-2

31 00 33 00

22 45
19 50

12 72
. 60
600 .
.

.
128
) ( eluvial deposits 0.5 0.2 .
.

.
) ( deluvial deposits
. 12
) (Zonn,1974
.
-1 ): (Red ferrisiallitic soils
366119 .
%25 .
200258 .

) (elluvial ) (proluvial .
) (argillic horizon .

. ). (Alfisols
26
.
1.05 1.63/ . 3
36-25 %25 11 .

129

(
/
) 92 72

) 300 102 / ( . ) 66 63/ ( .

0.2 0.1/
0.6 0.4/ .
100 .
0.058 0.008/ .
8.0
11 37 100 / )()( .
.
7 30 100/ .
%5
.
. %1.74
. %0.12

. %2.67
75100/ .
. %0.10
3.40 100/ .
2.53
0.27 0.50 0.14 0.08 .

) 1997 2001 .(2001
-2 ) : ( Yellow ferrisiallitic soils

5729 %0.40 . 4753
130
) ( Alfisols .
-3 ): (Siallitic cinnamon soils
44011 .%3.09
400 900 .
.

.

. .
. Inceptisols
-4 ): (Dark compacted soils
1544 ) (%0.11
. ) (Xeroochrepts
) . ( Rendolls
483 567/ 80 120 .
%2
.
%30
. 8.0 . 9.0
Vertisols .
-5 )(Rendzinas
343340 %24
.
400 600/ 1617 .
30 80 .
%4 .

131
30100/ 1/ .
) ( Mollisols .

.
.
.
%70 .
.
.
.
) (Juniperus phoenicea (Rhamnus
) licioides ) (Pistacia tentiscus ) (Poterium spinosum ) ( Arbutus pauarii

. %20
. )
( .
) ( elluvial ) (delluvial
%3 .
%21 .

.
.
%70 .
.
5 40 .

132

. 30

. .
.
) %0.91 ( ) %8.87
( . %3.39
0.050 %0.544 .%0.184
60.2 100/ 11.3 188.4100/ .

0.04 4.05 .
. 8.0
9.1 39.4 100 /
0.01 1.50 100/

%5 .
1.0/ .
2.50 0.25 0.56 0.15 0.06 31.4
44.4 .
-6 ): (Reddish Brown Arid Soils

127123 %9.62
180 300 .
20 %80
133
-7 ): (Brown Arid Soils

.
19060 %1.34
.
50 150

.
Aridisols
.
-8 / ): (Alluvial Soils
234 %0.02
. .
%60 .

.
.
.
-9 ): (Lithosols
194303 %13.64
) (truncated profile
30 .
200 600 .
10 %30
. .
Aridisols Lithic calcids .
134
-10 ): (Crusts

68697
%4.82 .
.
.

20 %30 .
-11 ): (Saline soils and solonchak

333
.

.
.
Aridisols ). (Salids
-12 ): (Non-soil formations
237682 %16.68 .
. :
( ): (Marine sands
.
3933 .
%95
.
( (Coarse texture stony proluvial deposits) :

979 .
.
. . %10
.

135
( ): (Rock outcrops

232770 %16.34
.
.
.
3-2-2
: 1-3-2-2
-1 :
) (USDA,1998 :

-2 :

. GPS
.
-3 :
.
-4 :
136
-5 :
) ( USDA,1998

-6 :
-7 :

.
-8 :
) (Wischmeir and Mannering, 1969
) ( erodibility
) ( nomograph :
+ ) 0.1 0.05 ( .
0.1 .
.
:
-1 .
15-0
-2 2

:
137
- ) (
) (Black et.al.,1965 0.1
.
- Walkley-Black Jackson
) . ( Black et.al.,1965
(

.
( .
) (1 ) ( Wischmeir et.al.,1971
) (K .
) ( K
.
.
1 4
1 2 3

. 4
6 .
) ( Universal Soil Loss Equation

138
) (1 )(K
)(Wischmeir et.al., 1969
: 2-3-2-2
-1 :
- :
105
24 .
- :
) ( Black et.al.,1965
.
.
139
: ) ( undisturbed sample
24
.
. 48 .
105 24
) ( Pressure membrane Eijkelkamp
15 .
24 .
- :
.
- :
- :
- :
) ( infiltration rate ) ( double ring
) . ( Parr and Bertrand, 1960 / .

- :
) (Kilmer and Alexander,1949

0.1 0.1 .
-2 :
- :
) 2.5 : 1 : ( ) ( Black et.al.,1965
). ( Jenway, model 3310
140
: ) 2.5 : 1 : (
) ( Hesse, 1971 ) ( ELE, model 470 ) / ( .

- :
) 2.5 : 1 : (
/ . :
-1 :
) 0.01 (
+ .
-2 :
) ( Flame Photometer ) . ( Jenway clinical PFP7

:
-1
) . ( Black et.al.,1965
-2 :
) 0.01 (
). (Reitemier,1943
:
) 1.0(
8.2 100/
) . ( Jackson,1958
.
:
100/ .
141
) .( Eijkelkamp
.
:
) ( Ferroin
Walkley Black ) (Jackson, 1958 .

:

) (Olsen et.al.,1954 ) 0.5 (
. 8.5
. ) ( Spectrophotometer ) ( Philips PU2625

.
:
Na EDTA 7.3 TEA .
) . ( Philips PU 9100x
142

143
) ( 6
3-3-2-2
:
( :
) ( USDA,2001
( :
) ( Map Maker, 2002

:
( .
) ( Digitizing ) ( Polygons

). (*.dra *.stl
) (Live layers
) (*.geo .
144
4-2-2
:
)(101

. 22o 25 089 32o 50 251
106 12.69.
.%2
.
. ) (
.

.
:
) 20-0( .
) ( 1 S4 , S3 , S2
S3 S4 S2
) (1 . %10
S3 S4 .
) ( 1
.
.

)(
) (1
)(%
S2
20-0
21.15
40.39
38.46
S3
20-0
23.53
40.20
36.27
ND
S4
20-0
25.49
41.18
33.33
ND
) ( %
)/(3
ND
9.77
29.13
16.67
12.46
11.51
40.10
22.84
17.26
15.41
38.23
21.02
17.21
= ND .

145

8.04 . 8.33
0.61 / S4
0.24 / S2 S2
. S4
) (2
S2 . S4
) (2
) (
) /(
2+
2+
) /(
2-
)/(
Ca
Mg
Na
CO3
HCO3
CL
)(%
S2
20-0
8.33
0.237
0.25
0.40
3.67
0.36
NP
0.48
0.78
1.65
S3
20-0
8.04
0.539
0.10
0.05
0.92
0.60
NP
0.70
0.45
1.07
S4
20-0
8.26
0.606
0.07
0.03
13.12
1.09
NP
0.90
0.75
0.49
= NP .
) (3 S4,S3,S2
. S3
. 28.4
37.1 100 / .
) (3

Mg2+
Na+
K+
)100/(
)(%
) 100 /(
0.75
2.65
28.35
3.56
4.80
2.63
37.13
10.28
3.60
3.22
31.35
10.80
3.50
)(
Ca2+
S2
20-0
22.15
2.80
S3
20-0
24.70
5.55
4.26
S4
20-0
24.62
0.78
3.03
%10.28 %10.80 S4,S3 %3.56 . S2

146
) ( 4
) : (4
SC-1
)(%
)(%
6.5
65.75
)
0.1(
)(%
10.5
) /
ND

)( K
0.26
= ND .
147
)(102

22 08 586 32 54 589
: 32 55 448
22 09 778 .
.
325 % 2.5 .
:
.
: P 13
32 55 239
22 09 222 47 %1 .
) > ( %5 .
.
.
100
%54 %66 . .
) (5 1.11 / 3
1.42/ . 3
.
P13 P14
) . (5 15-0 30-15 P 13

6 %4 .
P13 . P14
148

10 .
) (5

P13
P14
)(
)(%
15-0
14.71
31.37
53.92
) ( %
)/(3
1.11
8.77
25.35
19.02
6.33
30-15
12.87
28.71
58.42
1.42
12.75
24.60
20.49
4.11
65-30
10.00
24.00
66.00
ND
16.52
31.45
20.43
11.02
100-65
10.89
22.77
66.34
ND
17.75
32.08
21.04
11.04
20-0
17.65
31.37
50.98
1.22
8.14
30.64
21.70
8.94
50-20
14.00
19.00
67.00
1.03
18.47
33.42
22.90
10.52
= ND .
8.3 100-65
) .(6
P 13
0.22 / .
1.10 1.77 /
0.12 / . 0.61 /
0.29 / 100-65 .
P 13
. %0.14
13.10-12.70 100 / 0.95 100 / .

) ( 7
%5.54 100-65 . %1.34

18.7 100 / .
.
.
149
) (6
) (
)/(
P13
P14
) /(
2+
2+
) /(
2-
Ca
Mg
Na
CO3
HCO3
CL
)(%
15-0
7.90
0.221
0.10
0.10
1.77
0.61
NP
0.48
0.95
0.15
30-15
7.87
0.181
0.12
0.12
1.35
0.52
NP
0.43
0.45
0.10
65-30
8.23
0.181
0.10
0.10
1.10
0.28
NP
0.48
0.48
0.11
100-65
8.34
0.148
0.10
0.10
1.75
0.29
NP
1.10
0.40
0.24
20-0
7.40
0.277
0.10
0.10
1.10
1.70
NP
0.48
0.50
0.21
50-20
7.76
0.146
0.05
0.07
1.37
0.37
NP
0.48
0.50
0.09
= NP
) (7

P13
P14
) 100 /(
)(%
(
3.40
)(
Ca2+
Mg2+
Na+
K+
)100/(
15-0
13.10
1.45
0.68
3.52
18.75
5.54
15-30
13.07
0.62
0.64
3.15
17.48
5.18
1.20
65-30
12.70
1.15
0.72
2.15
16.71
4.02
2.10
100-65
12.70
1.80
0.95
2.53
17.98
1.34
2.10
20-0
15.10
1.10
0.49
5.59
22.28
6.40
6.80
50-20
5.15
1.12
0.63
3.80
10.71
3.62
2.40
) (9
) 5 6 ( 7 Mollic Palexeralfs
.
: P 14
22 09 076
32 55 172
66 %4 .
%5 . %10
%70 .
.
.
.
P 14 .
150
50-20 . %67
1.22/) 3 . (5
P 14 .
7.8 ) . (6

1.70 / .
50
%0.21 .
) (7 P 14
10.7 100 /
. 50-20

6.8 .
) (10
) 5 6 ( 7 P14 Lithic Mollic Haploxeralfs

.
.
SC-13 SC-14
5 .
) ( 8
.
) (K
.
) : (8
)(%
)(%
0.1( )(%
SC-13
2.52
61.14
3.00
SC-14
9.60
66.79
8.43
151
) /(
)( K
0.20
0.30
0.48
0.19
) : (9 P-13

32 55 237
22 08 992
102
60
..
13
32 55 293
22 09 222
>%1
>%5
< 100
15 0
) ( 5YR 4/4 ) ( 5YR 3/3

.
.
) ( 5YR 3/4 ) ( 5YR 3/3

.
.
100 65
..
)(
65 30
47
30 15
2003/5/20

152
) : (10 P-14
32 55 407
22 08 674
% 70
102
63
. .
14
32 55 172
22 09 076
..
%4
%5
% 10
50
)(
20- 0
) ( 5YR 4/4 ) ( 5YR 3/3

.
) ( 2.5YR 3/4

.
.
< 50
66
50 - 20
2003/5/20

153
)(103
.

.
:
) 20-0( .
%60
%10
) . (11
.
) (11
.
) (11
)(
S1
20-0
)(%
60.75
29.90
9.35
) ( %

5.79
28.26
16.94
11.32
) 8.16 . (12

4.20 / 0.04 0.15 /
. ) (12
%62.5 .
) (12
) (

)/(
S1
20-0
8.16
0.423
) /(
2+
Ca
2+
Mg
NP
1.10
0.40
62.50
) /(
2-
Na
CO3
HCO3
CL
)(%
0.94 4.20 0.15 0.04
) (13
10.00 100/
.
10.7 .
154
) (13

)(
S1
20-0

) 100 /(
Ca2+
Mg2+
K+
Na+
0.93 0.62 3.45 43.25

)100/(

)(%

) (
10.00
2.00
10.70
155
)(104

) (105
21 46 395
. 32 55 053
21 51 764 . 58.32
32 54 050
) . (1
:
.
.
.
4 ) ( P10 P9
) ( P11 P12
. .
: P 9
32 55 098
21 46 196 29 . %1
%50
. %10 %60 .
.
.
.
%46 30-0
90-55 %56 ) . (14
) ( 14
P12 - P9 .
. P11
.
P10 , P9
P12 , P11 .

156

.

) (14
)(
P9
P10
P11
P12
)(%
30-0
19.07
46.33
34.60
) ( %
)/(3
1.24
7.87
28.24
16.04
12.20
55-30
14.64
35.72
49.64
1.36
15.41
27.54
17.55
9.99
90-55
13.37
30.12
56.51
16.48
28.75
18.32
10.43
20-0
16.96
31.46
51.58
1.24
8.23
28.48
14.53
13.95
45-20
16.32
42.86
40.82
1.30
14.98
26.47
16.75
9.72
90-45
16.31
33.06
50.63
15.51
27.93
16.68
11.25
25-0
20.39
40.78
38.83
1.03
9.05
32.03
21.32
10.71
45-25
19.61
30.39
50.00
15.53
29.76
20.19
9.57
30-0
15.69
45.09
39.22
1.24
9.00
31.03
19.97
11.06
50-30
40.00
34.00
26.00
1.25
17.28
29.33
22.80
6.53
P9
8.04 8.60 ) . (15
0.03 / .

1.45 3.75 / . ) (15
P9 %0.23 0.20/ .
.
157
) (15
) (
P9
P10
P11
P12

)/(
) /(
) /(
2CO3
HCO3
CL
30-0
8.04
0.188
0.07
0.12
1.45
0.37
0.03
0.38
0.38
0.12
55-30
8.60
0.157
0.10
0.10
2.87
0.38
NP
0.45
0.58
0.12
90-55
8.48
0.192
0.05
0.05
3.75
0.23
NP
0.50
0.5
0.23
20-0
7.83
0.165
0.01
0.05
1.15
0.31
0.05
0.33
0.4
0.24
45-20
8.48
90-45
0.144
2+
Ca
2+
Mg
+
Na
+
K
0.10
0.05
2.12
0.42
NP
)(%
0.48
0.45
0.21
8.76
0.161
0.10
0.05
2.28
2.34
NP
0.43
0.38
0.18
25-0
7.74
0.325
0.03
0.03
2.62
0.70
NP
0.23
0.73
0.20
45-25
8.12
0.260
0.2
0.20
2.35
0.66
NP
0.73
0.85
2.30
30-0
8.01
0.434
0.10
0.10
3.67
1.09
NP
0.6
0.83
0.31
50-30
7.71
0.299
0.10
0.10
3.40
0.44
NP
0.53
0.90
0.18
= NP .
P9

) ( 16

9 100 / .
1.0 100 / .
) (16
)(
P9
P10
P11
P12
Ca2+
) 100 /(
Mg2+
Na+
K+
)100/(
)(%
30-0
9.12
3.87
0.63
2.90
16.52
3.92
0.10
55-30
8.70
3.90
1.18
2.64
16.41
2.90
0.10
90-55
9.15
2.75
1.26
1.90
15.06
1.35
0.10
20-0
11.07
1.15
0.57
2.15
14.94
3.44
1.30
45-20
9.10
2.35
1.08
2.86
15.39
2.24
0.10
90-45
8.70
1.15
4.06
1.81
15.71
1.12
2.00
25-0
12.78
2.75
0.60
3.00
19.15
6.10
2.60
45-25
26.60
2.57
0.54
3.00
32.74
5.30
2.00
30-0
17.90
3.98
0.75
3.73
26.36
5.36
4.80
50-30
11.90
0.75
0.95
3.80
17.40
3.56
1.10

3.92 . % 1.35

.
0.10 .
158
) (18 ) 14 15(16
P9 Typic Haploxeralfs
) . (1
: P 10
32 55 152
21 46 195 25 %1 .
%20 . %10
%60 .
.
.
.
) (14 %51
45-20 .
) (15
7.83 8.76 90-45 .

. 0.16 /
. %0.20 P10
.

.
15.5 100 /

.
%3.44
90-45 . %1.12
2.00 .
) (19 ) 14 15(16

) . (1
159
P 11
P11
.
21 48 413 17 .
32 54 645
%3 . %90
. %5
%30 .
.
. .
.
%39
%50 .
) (15
0.325/ . %2.30
2.62 2.35 /
.
.
) (16
32 100 / .
.
2.60 .
) (20 ) 14 15 (16
P11 Lithic Rhodoxeralfs
) . (1
160
P12 :
21 52 013
32 53 992
20 %2 .
%5
. %15 %40 .
.
.
) (14
16 %40
50 30 .
.
) (15 P12
/ .

0.10 / .
) ( 16
) (21 ) 14 15(16
Lithic Mollic Haploxeralfs
) . (1
. SC-9
SC-10 .
) ( 17 .
SC-9 SC-10
161
SC-11 . ) (17
%7
1,40/ . ) (K
SC-9 SC-10 .
) (17
) (17
0.1(
)(%
)(%
)(%
) /
)( K
SC-9
2.76
68.58
3.60
0.20
0.37
SC -10
3.30
66.67
3.16
0.14
0.34
SC -11
7.20
93.78
7.50
1.40
0.33
SC -12
5.20
73.62
5.14
0.10
0.34
SC -13
4.00
67.74
8.13
0.30
0.28
162
) : (18 P9
32 55 125
21 46 200
% 60
104
28
..
9
32 55 098
21 46 196
%1
% 50
% 10
100 90
30 0
) ( 5YR 4/6 ) ( 5YR 4/4

.
) ( 5YR 4/4 ) ( 5YR 3/3

.
) ( 5YR 4/4 ) ( 5YR 3/4

.
.
< 90
..
)(
90 55
29
55 30
2003/5/19

163
) : (19 P10
32 55 125
21 46 200
% 60
104
28
..
10
32 55 152
21 46 195
%1
% 20
% 10
< 90
20 0
) ( 5YR 4/6 ) ( 5YR 3/4

.
) ( 5YR 4/4 ) ( 5YR 3/4

.
) ( 5YR 3/4

.
.
< 90
..
)(
90 45
25
50 20
2003/5/19

164
) (20 P11

669

32 54
21 48 489
% 30
104
23
. .
11
32 54 645
21 48 413
. .
%3
% 90
%5
45
)(
25 0
) ( 2.5YR 2/2

.
) ( 2.5YR 2/2

.
.
< 45
17
45 25
2003/5/19

165
) (21 P12

32 54 050
104
25
..
12
32 53 992
21 51 833
20
..
21 52 013
% 40
%2
%5
% 15
50
)(
30 - 0
) ( 5YR 4/4 ) ( 5YR 3/4

.
) ( 5YR 3/3

.
.
< 50
2003/5/20

166
)(105
) (106
21 41 925
. 32 55 768
21 46 395 . 882.77
32 55 053
) . (1

.
:
) (Transects
. .
: P 5
21 43 407
32 55 946
46 %1 .
%40 . %10
%70
.
.
: P6
21 43 423
32 56 027
38 %1 .
%5 . %10
. %40
167
.
.
: P7
21 45 839
32 55 446
30 %2 .
%90 . %10
. %80
.
.
: P8
21 45 829
32 55 440
32 %1 .
%70 . %10 %80
. .
) ( 22 .
.
. P8
1.32 1.40 / 3
.
P8 , P7 , P5
7.07 %7.73
) . (22
P6 .
.

168

.
) ( 22
)(%
)(
P5
20-0
16.00
P6
P7
P8
) ( %

)/(3
38.19
45.81
1.33
7.07
27.50
16.58
10.92
45-20
13.64
28.72
57.64
1.32
16.10
28.06
18.65
9.41
70-45
15.64
24.72
59.64
19.99
30.22
19.60
10.62
15-0
16.96
37.23
45.81
1.32
14.06
28.51
17.69
10.82
35-15
9.64
26.72
63.64
1.40
14.27
29.69
19.70
9.99
60-35
10.64
21.72
67.64
19.14
31.63
21.55
10.08
10-0
14.90
35.92
49.18
7.56
27.60
18.00
9.60
30-10
8.73
20.93
70.34
1.32
17.67
30.92
22.32
8.60
55-30
9.74
17.90
72.36
19.49
31.61
23.17
8.44
10-0
19.66
34.97
45.37
7.73
29.60
17.52
12.08
40-10
7.80
17.06
75.14
1.08
20.48
33.92
23.59
10.33
7.16 8.10
0.209/ %0.67 .
.
P7) P8 . (23
) ( 23

)/(
Ca
Mg
Na
CO3
HCO3
CL
20-0
7.74
0.137
0.12
0.03
0.97
0.66
NP
0.37
0.68
0.04
45-20
7.82
0.080
0.10
0.10
0.77
0.72
NP
0.32
0.43
0.05
70-45
7.92
0.139
0.10
0.05
1.95
0.42
NP
0.45
0.50
0.14
15-0
7.32
0.209
0.10
0.15
1.12
0.52
NP
0.35
0.38
0.05
35-15
7.30
0.086
0.10
0.15
0.70
1.56
NP
00.3
0.35
0.06
) (
P5
P6
P7
P8
) /(
) /(
2+
2+
2-
)(%
60-35
7.33
0.113
0.10
0.05
0.95
0.70
NP
0.37
0.35
0.08
10-0
7.65
0.162
0.15
0.05
1.30
1.25
NP
0.28
0.55
0.08
30-10
7.82
0.095
0.05
0.15
1.12
2.82
NP
0.45
0.40
0.07
55-30
8.10
0.146
0.10
0.10
3.00
0.26
NP
0.35
0.45
0.21
10-0
7.16
0.157
0.05
0.10
1.05
1.56
NP
0.35
0.32
0.04
40-10
7.40
0.078
0.07
0.03
0.90
1.09
NP
0.20
0.45
0.67
= NP .
P5 P6 P8
4.05 . %5.54

169
14.47 17.13 100 / 45-20 P5

24.98100/ .
P6 P7) P8 . (24
) ( 24
)(
P5
P6
P7
P8
) 100 /(
Ca2+

)100/(

)(%

) (
4.05
4.40
2.90
2.30
Mg2+
Na+
K+
20-0
9.07
1.17
0.76
3.48
14.48
45-20
19.50
2.30
0.69
2.49
24.98
70-45
11.90
0.75
0.49
2.39
15.52
1.50
0.10
15-0
10.30
1.45
0.66
2.77
15.18
5.42
22.20
35-15
9.50
2.25
0.70
2.52
14.97
1.52
5.70
60-35
8.70
2.35
0.67
2.75
14.47
1.16
12.00
10-0
8.65
1.95
0.91
4.61
16.11
1.70
64.50
30-10
8.75
2.65
1.28
4.44
17.13
1.70
6.00
55-30
9.90
2.75
1.16
2.15
15.96
0.70
12.80
10-0
8.75
2.70
0.67
3.16
15.27
5.54
2.50
40-10
7.52
4.38
1.28
3.35
16.53
3.14
0.10
) 26 27 28 (29
) 22 23 ( 24 P5P6
Fragic Haploxeralfs
P7 Lithic Haploxeralfs
P8 Lithic Mollic Haploxeralfs
) . (1

S5
.
) (25
. SC-5
SC-7 . SC-7
0.14/
SC-7 0.32/ . SC-7

170
) : ( 25
0.1(
73.39
2.46
60.12
8.18
SC-5
3.60
SC-7
5.40
)(%
)(%
)(%
171
0.14
0.42
0.32
0.21
) /(
)( K
) ( 26 P5

32 55 921
21 43 326
% 70
105
37
. .
5
32 55 964
21 43 407
%1
% 40
% 10
70
20 0
) ( 5YR 4/6 ) ( 5YR 4/4

.
) ( 2.5YR 3/4

.
) ( 2.5YR 3/4

.
.
< 70
..
)(
70 45
46
45 20
2003/5/18

172
) ( 27 P6

32 55 991
21 43 362
105
37
. .
6
32 56 027
21 43 432
2003/5/18
38
. .
%1
% 40
> %5
% 10
> 5
60
)(
15 0
) ( 5YR 4/4/ ) ( 5YR 3/4

.
) ( 2.5YR 3/4
.

.
.
35 15
60 - 35
< 60

173
) ( 28 P7

32 55 267
21 45 330
% 80
105
40
..
7
32 55 446
21 45 839
%2
% 90
% 10
55
10 0
) ( 5YR 4/6 ) ( 5YR 4/4

. . . .
) ( 5YR 4/4

.
) ( 2.5YR 3/4

.
.
< 55
..
)(
55 30
30
30 10
2003/5/19

174
) (29 P8

32 55 267
21 45 830
105
40
..
8
32 55 440
21 45 829
2003/5/19
32
. .
%1
% 80
% 70
% 10
40
)(
10 0
) ( 5YR 4/4 ) ( 5YR 3/3

.
) ( 2.5YR 3/6

.
.
40 10
< 40

175
21 45
32 56
22 00
32 54
32 53
32 53
22 00
21 45
) : (1
) ( 1980

176
)(106

. 32 55 131
21 41 529 .
21 38 350 32 55 768
265 . .
:

. .
P1
21 39 556
32 55 463
41 %2 .
%20 . %30
%80
.
.
.
) ( 30
50 %65 .
P1 P4 ) . ( 30
P2 , P1 25 %28
P4 P3 30 . %35
.
P3
177
. %14
.
) ( 30
)(%
)(
P1
P2
P3
P4
) ( %
)/(3
1.26
8.25
23.96
1.23
18.68
29.38
9.78
24.56
17.38
25.40
35.20
30.83
34.19
29.64
30.90
21.46
20-0
12.27
37.59
50.14
50-20
11.64
22.72
64.64
20-0
13.37
37.96
48.67
1.33
55-20
12.64
27.72
59.64
1.24
20-0
23.18
41.88
34.94
1.07
8.92
50-20
15.64
24.72
59.64
1.07
16.65
15-0
17.47
33.38
49.15
1.20
10.26
40-15
18.00
25.22
56.78
1.11
18.74
17.58
6.38
21.40
7.98
16.17
8.39
18.88
6.52
21.14
14.06
22.07
8.76
4.55
9.44
P1 7.45 .
) (31 .
.
. P1
) .( 32
) (31
) (
P1
20-0
7.38
50-20
7.50
P2
P3
P4
) /(
) /(
_
CL
)(%
0.08
0.10
2+
Ca
2+
Mg
+
Na
+
K
2CO3
HCO3
1.683
0.15
0.05
1.32
0.57
NP
0.52
0.85
0.091
0.05
0.05
0.95
0.38
NP
0.30
0.25
20-0
7.60
0.205
0.07
0.07
2.62
0.42
NP
0.20
0.78
0.10
55-20
7.80
0.160
0.07
0.07
2.37
0.28
NP
0.25
0.53
0.07
20-0
7.89
0.331
0.20
0.05
1.92
1.88
NP
0.65
0.60
0.24
50-20
8.44
0.190
0.10
0.05
1.65
2.03
0.10
1.00
0.95
0.19
15-0
8.10
0.142
0.10
0.25
1.62
0.39
0.10
0.67
0.87
0.06
40-15
8.25
0.151
0.10
0.10
2.07
0.44
0.65
0.63
0.17
)/(
= NP .
178
) ( 32

P1
P2
P3
P4
Ca2+
Mg2+
Na+
K+
)100/(
)(%
) (
20-0
16.00
2.35
0.56
2.09
19.84
3.62
19.80
50-20
13.95
0.75
0.57
2.39
17.76
2.60
0.60
20-0
8.72
5.12
0.76
2.52
17.13
3.74
0.10
55-20
9.57
0.72
0.80
5.73
16.82
2.96
0.30
20-0
16.60
1.15
0.49
7.11
25.35
7.58
3.00
50-20
12.30
1.55
0.86
2.87
17.58
3.62
4.20
15-0
12.70
0.55
0.78
3.29
17.31
4.10
0.20
40-15
11.10
5.90
1.09
2.48
20.58
3.56
2.30
)(
) 100 /(
) (34 ) 30 31(32
Lithic Haploxeralfs
.
: P2
) ( I
21 39 523 29 %1 .
32 55 533
. %20
%15
. %40
. P1
) ( 30
.
.
P2
7.7 ) .(31
.
0.07 / .
.
) (32 %50
0.30 .
179
) (36 ) 30 32(32
P2 Lithic Haploxeralfs
.
: P3
21 42 766 45 %1 .
32 55 935
%30
. %5
. %25
35 %60 ) .(30
42 %25 .
) (31
7.89 8.44 .
0.10/ .
0.33 /
. P3 .

%60 .

) (32
%7.58
.
180
) (36
) 30 31 ( 32 P3 Lithic Mollic Haploxeralfs
.
: P4
21 42 798
32 55 902
46 %2 .
%40 %10
. %25
. P4

. 40
.
.
) .(30
1.20 1.11 / 3
.
15-0 40-15
8.10 8.25 . /
.
) ( 31 .
50 % 75

5.90 100/
0.55100/ .
4.10 %3.56
2.30
0.20 .
.
181
) (37 ) 30 31(32
Lithic Haploxeralfs
.
) (33
. SC-1

) (K
4 .
SC-3
) (33 .
.

.
) (33
SC-1
43
2.88
73.62
1.00
SC-3
5.70
70.24
1.80
)(%
0.1(
)(%
)(%
182
) /
0.17
0.36
0.50
0.26
)( K
) (34 P1
32 55 506
21 39 546
106
30
..
1
32 55 463
21 39 556
2003/5/18
41
..
%2
< % 80
% 20
% 30
> 1
50
)(
20 0
) ( 5YR 3/4 ) ( 5YR 3/3

.
) ( 5YR 3/4 ) ( 5YR 3/3

.
50 20
< 50
) (

183
) ( 35 P2
-
32 55 506
21 39 546
% 40
106
30
..
2
32 55 533
21 39 523
..
%1
% 15
% 20
> 1
55
)(
20 0
) ( 5YR 3/4 ) ( 5YR 3/3

.
) ( 5YR 3/4 ) ( 5YR 3/3

.
) ( .
< 55
29
55 20
2003/5/18

184
) (36 P3
32 55 921
21 42 757
106
51
..
3
32 55 935
21 42 766
2003/5/18
45
..
%1
% 25
% 30
> %5
10
> 1
50
)(
20 0
) ( 5YR 3/4 ) ( 5YR 3/3

.
50 20
) ( 5YR 3/4 ) ( 5YR 3/3

.
< 50

185
) (37 P4

32 55 921
21 42 757
106
51
. .
4
32 55 902
21 42 798
2003/5/18
46
..
%2
% 25
% 40
% 10
40
)(
15 0
) ( 5YR 4/6 ) ( 5YR 4/4

.
) ( 5YR 4/4 ) ( 5YR 3/3

.
.
40 15
< 40

186
)(107
)( )( 10
20 49 649 32 38 532
32 48 300
20 50 163

2655 ) (%2 .
%28 .
:
: P 57
20 50 180 98
32 37 815
%2 .
%80 .
P57 .
.
.
.
: P 58
32 37 619
20 50 288 136 %2 .
%80 .

187
P57 P58
.
) . (38
P57 P58

5.15 %6.26 . ) ( 38
.
.
S55 , S54 14.03 %8.41 .
) (38

P57
P58
)(%
)(
) ( %
)/(3
15-0
30.19
36.79
33.02
1.32
5.15
22.56
12.30
10.26
50-15
27.62
35.24
37.14
1.31
10.63
24.78
13.14
11.64
15-0
29.52
35.24
35.24
1.30
6.26
26.64
12.89
13.75
30-15
27.88
35.58
36.54
1.32
10.01
22.38
13.88
8.50
60-30
31.43
31.43
37.14
ND
10.69
28.11
13.01
15.10
80-60
27.88
32.70
39.42
ND
13.49
29.94
14.11
15.83
S54
20-0
19.61
40.19
40.20
ND
14.03
37.31
21.98
15.33
S55
20-0
19.23
45.19
35.58
ND
8.41
34.48
18.06
16.42
= ND .
8.24 8.56
0.03 0.07 / .
P57
0.510 /
) ( 39 28 %32
. .
188
) ( 39

)/(
0.510
) (
P57
15-0
8.24
50-15
P58

) /(
2+
2+

) /(
2-
Ca
Mg
Na
CO3
HCO3
CL
0.20
0.05
1.85
0.65
0.03
0.55
0.45
)(%
28.00
8.46
0.321
0.20
0.05
1.57
0.41
0.03
0.45
0.43
29.50
15-0
8.32
0.210
0.07
0.14
1.50
0.36
0.07
0.50
0.45
28.21
30-15
8.41
0.280
0.23
0.06
1.85
0.13
NP
0.43
0.40
31.28
60-30
8.56
0.214
0.15
0.05
3.92
0.11
0.07
0.65
0.40
29.50
80-60
8.42
0.266
0.18
0.07
2.10
0.18
0.05
0.48
0.30
32.15
S54
20-0
7.87
0.287
0.35
0.20
1.95
0.38
NP
0.43
0.40
0.30
S55
20-0
8.02
0.368
0.30
0.09
4.20
0.65
NP
0.63
0.48
0.60
= NP .
) (40 .
16.72 100 /
.
.
) ( 40

)(
P57

) 100 /(

)100/(

)(%

) (
3.00
1.80
1.40
Ca2+
Mg2+
Na+
K+
15-0
9.40
4.75
0.33
2.24
16.72
50-15
11.40
2.35
0.45
2.26
16.22
1.50
15-0
9.52
4.26
0.43
2.00
16.46
2.04
4.20
30-15
11.77
2.34
0.50
1.52
16.13
1.86
1.80
60-30
10.25
4.35
0.38
1.27
16.25
1.14
1.80
80-60
10.82
1.92
0.82
2.41
15.97
0.96
4.20
S54
20-0
16.05
3.80
0.58
2.64
23.07
4.62
4.70
S55
20-0
14.10
3.51
0.96
3.39
21.96
4.30
3.10
P58

42 (43
)

) 38 39 (40 P57 Lithic Haploxeralfs
P58 Petronodic xeric Haplocalcids
189
S 54: S55
) ( 38 S54 S55
. S54 S54 S55

.
S54 . S55
) (39
0.368 / %0.60 .
S55 .
S54 S55 4.70 3.10
.
) (40
S54 S55 P57 P58

23.07
21.96100/ S54 S55 .
5
) (41 .
.
) ( 41
SC-58
0.1(
1.86
66.96
9.99
)(%
)(%
)(%
190

) /(
0.26
)( K
0.39
) ( 42 P57

32 38 531
20 50 164
107
52
. .
57
32 37 815
20 50 180
98
. .
%2
% 80
50
)(
15 0
) ( 7.5YR 4/6 ) ( 7.5YR 3/4

.
50 15
) ( 7.5YR 4/4 ) ( 7.5YR 3/3

.
< 50
2003/6/16
.

191
) ( 43 P58

32 38 531
20 50 164
107
52
..
58
32 37 619
20 50 288
%2
% 80
80
15 0
) ( 7.5YR 4/4 ) ( 7.5YR 4/3

.

.
) ( 7.5YR 5/4 ) ( 7.5YR 3/4

.
) ( 7.5YR 4/4 ) ( 7.5YR 3/4

.

80 60
< 80
. .
)(
60 30
136
30 15
2003/6/16

192
)(108
32 35 148
20 41 143

386 .
:
.
: P 56
20 43 036
32 34 651
111 %4 .
%80 . %5
%40

. .
) ( 44
. P56
. 1.27 / 3 20-0

.
) ( 44 .
.

. S52 S53
.
S53
. S52
193
) ( 44

)(
)(%

)/(3
) ( %

20-0
22.12
45.19
32.69
1.27
8.31
21.93
14.33
7.60
45-20
22.33
37.86
39.81
ND
11.29
26.20
14.11
12.09
65-45
23.30
35.92
40.78
ND
12.66
27.38
15.21
12.17
S52
20-0
25.49
48.04
26.47
ND
12.86
36.65
27.00
9.35
S53
20-0
22.33
39.81
37.86
ND
9.16
35.17
19.81
15.36
P56
= ND
) ( 45
8.43 . 8.59
. P56
.
) ( 45
) (
P56

)/(

) /(
2+
2+

) /(
2-
Ca
Mg
Na
CO3
HCO3
CL
20-0
8.59
0.450
1.80
0.68
3.15
0.54
NP
0.38
0.55
)(%
3.09
45-20
8.58
0.445
0.20
0.04
4.45
0.42
NP
0.50
0.55
4.54
65-45
8.43
0.604
0.20
0.04
5.25
0.48
0.07
0.48
0.80
12.00
S52
20-0
8.05
0.560
0.18
0.01
5.20
4.30
NP
0.78
7.40
5.39
S53
20-0
7.98
0.358
0.10
0.08
4.20
0.35
NP
0.60
0.60
0.47
= NP .

) . (46

.
40-0 .
194
) ( 46

)(
P56

100 /

100/
)(%

) (
1.20
4.40
3.00
7.00
Ca2+
Mg2+
Na+
K+
20-0
14.13
0.92
0.55
3.41
18.99
45-20
19.80
1.96
0.59
3.15
25.50
1.08
65-45
19.40
2.76
0.25
1.74
24.16
0.66
S52
20-0
19.02
0.78
4.35
3.53
27.68
6.96
12.00
S53
20-0
17.10
1.12
0.36
2.26
20.84
3.72
12.70
) (48 ) 44 45(46
.
S 52 : S 53
S52 S53
. S52 S53 .
S52 S53 .
/ . S53
S52

12 .
) ( 46 S52
S53
. S52
S52 . S53
.
14
4 .
) . (47
SC-52 SC-56 .

195
) : ( 47
)(%
+
)(%
)
0.1(
)(%

) /(
)( K
SC-56
2.52
72.37
2.78
0.24
0.35
SC-52
16
5.22
70.40
2.21
ND
0.24
= ND .
196
) ( 48 P56

32 34 724
20 40 037
% 40
108
50
..
56
32 34 651
20 43 036
%4
///
% 80
%5
65
20 0
) ( 5YR 4/4 ) ( 5YR 3/4

.
) ( 5YR 3/4

.
) ( 5YR 4/6 ( 5YR 3/4)

.
< 65
. .
)(
65 45
111
45 20
2003/6/16

197
:
)( )(201
) (
21 15 797
32 45 340
145 .
:
.
.
: P 41
21 14 076 171
32 44 809
%2 .
. %5
.%10 %40
.
.
) (49
20-0 40-20 .
1.35/ 3
P42 , P41
. P42
. P41 P42
) 1.17 / (3
.

) (49
) ( .
198
) ( 49 )(

)(
P41
P42
)(%
20-0
20.00
36.19
43.81

)/(3
1.35
) ( %

8.39
26.64
14.24
12.40
40-20
19.42
28.15
52.43
ND
14.23
29.48
16.89
12.59
15-0
20.39
27.18
52.43
1.17
10.97
27.68
18.06
9.62
50-15
14.71
23.53
61.76
1.30
16.75
30.51
19.07
11.44
=ND .
P41 .
7.55 7.77
0.298 / %0.80 .
20-0
6.30/ ) . (50
) ( 50 )(
) (
P41
20-0
7.55
P42
) /(
) /(

)/(
Ca
Mg
Na
CO3
HCO3
CL
0.268
0.10
0.06
6.30
0.35
NP
1.50
1.80
2+
2+
2-

)(%
0.10
40-20
7.77
0.298
0.10
0.10
0.87
0.23
NP
1.40
0.70
0.80
15-0
8.31
0.172
0.13
0.04
2.62
0.54
NP
0.60
1.30
0.19
50-15
8.04
0.207
0.07
0.04
2.87
0.35
0.10
1.40
1.10
1.40
= NP .
) (51
0.20 .
P41
.
) ( 51 )(

)(
P41
P42
) 100 /(
Ca2+
Mg2+
K+
Na+

)100/(

)(%

) (
20-0
7.90
3.74
0.74
2.01
14.39
3.96
1.30
40-20
2.30
4.30
1.63
2.15
10.38
3.84
0.20
15-0
10.07
2.36
0.94
2.77
16.10
5.52
1.00
50-15
9.63
1.16
1.17
2.78
14.47
3.48
1.00
) (53 ) 49 50(51
Lithic Rhodoxeralfs .
: P 42
21 14 601
32 45 509
161 %2 .

199
%5 . %10
%80 .
.
.
52 %62 .
1.17 /3
1.30 / 3 ) . (49
8.04 50-15 .
0.207 / %1.40
.
.
.
1.00 ) . (51
) (54 ) 49 50(51
) (52
.
.

.
) : ( 52 ) (
)(%
)(%
0.1( )(%
73.22
1.89
74.93
2.43
SC-41
3.48
SC-42
3.84
) /(
)( K
0.60
0.30
ND
0.28
= ND .
200
) : ( 53 P41 ) (
) (
32 44 093
21 14 546
% 40
201
198
..
41
32 44 809
21 14 076
. .
%2
>%5
% 10
40
)(
20 0
) ( 2.5YR 3/6 ) ( 2.5YR 3/6

.
) ( 2.5YR 3/6 ) ( 2.5YR 3/4

.
.
< 40
171
40 20
2003/6/4

201
) : ( 54 P42 ) (
)(
32 440 93
21 14 546
% 80
201
198
..
42
32 45 509
21 14 601
161
..
%2
%5
% 10
50
)(
15 0
) ( 2.5 YR 3/6 ) ( 2.5YR 3/4

.
50 15
) ( 2.5YR3/6 ) ( 2.5YR

.
< 50
2003/6/4
.

202
)(202
32 37 286
21 24 973 .
. 79 .
:
: S14
) 20-0( .
) ( 55 S14 S15
8.53 %14.05 .
.

S14
.
) (55
)(
)(%

)/(3
S14
20-0
30.10
46.60
23.30
S15
20-0
35.92
42.72
21.36
) ( %

ND
8.53
36.61
19.97
16.64
ND
14.05
31.50
17.52
13.98
= ND .
S14 0.270
/ %10.50 .
) .(56
) ( 56
) (

)/(

) /(

) /(
)(%
2+
Ca
2+
Mg
+
Na
+
K
2CO3
HCO3
_
CL
S14
20-0
7.90
0.270
0.25
0.16
1.20
0.26
NP
0.73
0.36
10.50
S15
20-0
7.72
0.291
0.20
0.20
4.97
0.32
NP
2.10
1.05
33.40
= NP
203
) (57 2.20

.%10.41 %80
) ( 57

)(

) 100 /(

)100/(

)(%

) (
10.41
2.20
5.70
2.70
Ca2+
Mg2+
Na+
K+
S14
20-0
20.95
3.01
0.74
1.63
26.36
S15
20-0
19.40
1.00
0.62
1.37
22.39
: S15
) (S15
.
) (56
.
%33.4
0.291 / .
2.70 .
%85
.
.
8.55 %10.41 SC-15
SC-14 ) . (58
) (K
18 21 .
) ( 58
0.1(
)(%
)(%
)(%
SC-14
18
10.41
74.15
2.85
0.60
SC-15
21
8.55
60.67
16.71
ND

) /(
0.32
0.23
)( K
= ND .

204
)(203
21 10 385
32 03 932
.
:
218 .
: P 37
30 685
21 10 581
32
404 %2 .
. %5
%20 .
) ( .
.
.
) (59
18-0 45-18 .
)1.17/ . (3
) (59 . P37
S20
205
) ( 59

P37
S20
)(%
)(
) ( %
)/(3
18-0
36.19
40.00
23.81
1.17
5.03
21.63
14.78
6.85
45-18
33.33
32.38
34.29
1.18
9.82
24.72
15.43
9.29
20-0
26.92
43.27
29.81
ND
10.97
33.31
16.42
16.89
= ND
) (60
.

.
) ( 60
) (

)/(

) /(
+

) /(
_
CL
)(%
47.50
39.00
18.50
2CO3
HCO3
NP
1.70
1.30
NP
NP
1.40
1.50
1.20
1.30
2+
Ca
2+
Mg
Na
P37
18-0
7.75
0.266
0.21
0.08
1.60
0.42
S20
45-18
0-20
8.07
7.54
0.208
0.275
0.14
0.11
0.12
0.22
1.15
1.52
0.32
0.26
= NP
P37
. %48

6.36 %4.92 18-0 45-18 .
) P37 . (61
) ( 61
) 100 /(
)(
P37
18-0
18.19
S20
Ca2+
Mg2+
Na+
K+
6.32
0.45
1.61
)100/(
)(%
) (
27.57
6.36
10.80
45-18
18.25
4.59
0.75
0.86
24.45
4.92
7.70
20-0
22.69
2.18
0.79
3.17
28.83
6.18
7.20
) (61 ) 59 60( 61
P37 Lithic Haprendolls

.
206
:S20
S20
%43 .
. 7.54

0.275/ .
) (60
.
29 100 /

.
9
.
) (62
) ( 62 .
) ( 62
SC-20
0.1(
)(%
)(%
)(%
6.18
68.46
10.96
207

) /
(
0.05

)( K
0.35
) : ( 63 P37
32 30 932
21 10 385
203
395
..
37
32 30 685
21 10 581
2003/6/3
404
. .
%2
> %5
45
) (
)(
18 0
) ( 7.5YR 4/4 ) ( 7.5YR 3/3

.
) ( 7.5YR 4/3 ) ( 7.5YR 3/3

.
.
45 18
< 45

208
)(204

21 31 132 325 .
32 37 709
.
.
:
: P 75
21 31 164
32 37 731
413 %1 .
.
.
) ( 64
P75
P76
S85
)(
)(%

)/(3
20-0
19.05
33.33
47.62
45-20
23.08
30.77
46.15
85-45
24.04
28.84
47.12
110-85
26.92
26.93
46.15
15-0
15.38
35.58
49.04
) ( %

1.32
10.67
27.40
16.27
11.13
1.29
-
14.66
28.01
15.28
12.73
16.82
27.62
15.44
12.18
18.33
30.36
15.49
14.87
1.54
9.53
30.17
13.90
16.27
40-15
15.38
34.62
50.00
80-40
21.15
32.70
46.15
1.19
-
13.85
29.46
15.71
13.75
16.55
28.61
15.79
12.82
100-80
28.85
27.88
43.27
16.17
29.25
17.59
11.66
20-0
36.45
41.12
22.43
4.86
29.87
11.80
18.07
P75
.
20-0 1.32 / 3 .
) (64 P75 P76
209

.
S85 %4.86
) (65 8.18
8.33 0.232/
. ) (65
7.20 %14.50 20-0 110-85 .

.
) ( 65
P75
P76
S85
) (

)/(

) /(
2+
2+

) /(
2-
)(%
CO3
HCO3
CL
20-0
8.18
0.227
0.51 0.97 0.18 0.25
NP
0.58
0.30
7.20
45-20
8.33
0.226
0.33 1.05 0.03 0.23
NP
0.68
0.23
8.04
85-45
8.31
0.230
0.24 1.30 0.03 0.18
NP
0.55
0.40
11.60
110-85
8.18
0.232
0.41 1.35 0.05 0.12
NP
0.60
0.33
14.50
15-0
8.31
0.218
0.30 1.10 0.03 0.23
NP
0.63
0.20
10.90
40-15
8.34
0.241
0.28 1.25 0.05 0.20
NP
0.65
0.23
13.30
80-40
8.38
0.249
0.24 1.30 0.03 0.20
NP
0.53
0.45
14.20
100-80
20-0
8.35
7.95
0.231
0.16 1.40 0.12 0.18

0.13 0.97 0.09 0.40
NP
NP
0.63
0.35
0.28
0.25
15.00
45.40
Ca
0.324
Mg
Na
= NP

100 /
.
) . (66

210
) ( 66

)(
P75
P76
S85

) 100 /(

)100/(
)(%

) (
1.08
4.20
4.48
4.76
Ca2+
Mg2+
Na+
K+
20-0
10.55
0.72
0.16
2.87
14.20
45-20
11.77
1.17
0.15
2.67
15.45
4.26
85-45
11.42
2.37
0.74
1.80
16.33
3.78
110-85
13.07
2.35
0.73
1.29
17.44
2.80
5.46
15-0
11.37
5.17
0.84
2.28
19.66
7.08
6.72
40-15
11.80
4.33
0.65
1.92
18.71
1.14
5.46
80-40
12.60
1.57
0.65
1.56
16.38
1.14
4.30
100-80
10.27
3.07
0.64
0.96
14.94
0.64
4.48
20-0
12.00
0.75
0.49
0.45
13.69
4.14
7.28
) (68 ) 64 65(66
P75 Haplic Palexeralfs

.
: P 76
32 37 472
21 31 128 414 %1 .
%5 .
.
. .
P76
43 %50 .
1.54 / 3
8.31 . 8.38
15-0 . %11 ) (
15-0 40-15 .
100-80
211
.
) . (66
) (69 ) 64 65(66
P76 Haplic Palexeralfs
.
: S 85
%41 . %23

0.324 / ) . (65
. %45
%4.14

13.69 100 / .
.
) ( 67
2.5 . %11
) : ( 67
SC-75
2.5
0.1(
)(%
)(%
)(%
11.10
73.63
2.24
212

) /(
0.36
)( K
0.27
) : ( 68 P75
32 37 954
21 31 132
204
430
..
75
32 37 731
21 31 164
%1
< 110
) (
20 0
) ( 5YR 4/4 ) ( 5YR 3/4

.
) ( 5YR 4/3 ) ( 5YR 3/4

.
) ( 5YR 4/3 ) ( 5YR 3/4

.
.
110 - 85
..
)(
85 - 45
413
45 20
2003/6/30

213
) : ( 69 P76
32 37 854
287
31
21
204
428
..
76
32 37 742
21 31 128
%1
%2
100
) (
15 0
) ( 5YR 4/4 ) ( 5YR 3/4

.
) ( 5YR 4/4 ) ( 5YR 3/4

.
) ( 5YR 4/4 ) ( 5YR 3/4

.
.
100 80
< 100
. .
)(
80 - 40
414
40 15
2003/6/30

214
)(205
21 55 523 32 50 455
32 50 456
21 56 443 356 .
.
:
) ( Transect
: P 15
21 55 538 402
32 50 404
%2 . %5
. %80
.
.

.
) . (70
P16 , P15 S5
) (70
.
P15 . %8.53
.
P16
215
) ( 70
)(%
)(
)/(3
) ( %
20-0
20.00
26.67
53.33
60-20
23.81
29.52
46.67
1.30
P16
35-0
14.29
32.38
53.33
1.36
12.50
S5
20-0
26.21
46.61
27.18
ND
13.23
P15
1.30
13.29
29.51
18.21
11.23
15.04
26.73
18.20
8.53
27.64
15.74
11.90
35.10
19.08
16.02
= ND .
) (71 20-060-20
.
0.13 / %1.33 .
.
%75
.
) .(72
) ( 71

) (

)/(
P15

) /(
2+
2+

) /(
2-
)(%
Ca
Mg
Na
CO3
HCO3
CL
20-0
7.65
0.126
0.07
0.05
1.10
0.35
NP
0.40
0.85
0.92
60-20
7.83
0.128
0.07
0.02
1.15
0.24
NP
0.35
0.38
2.00
P16
35-0
7.49
0.90
0.07
0.07
0.87
0.31
NP
0.40
0.88
0.07
S5
20-0
8.24
0.510
0.28
0.15
1.30
0.24
NP
0.60
0.88
0.81
= NP
) ( 72

)(
P15

) 100 /(

)100/(
)(%

) (
5.30
1.90
2.60
Ca2+
Mg2+
Na+
K+
20-0
11.52
1.55
0.58
1.66
13.31
60-20
10.32
1.58
0.41
1.13
13.43
2.20
P16
35-0
8.32
3.52
0.43
0.55
12.82
3.80
3.30
S5
20-0
9.32
1.45
0.56
1.64
12.97
10.28
3.20
) (74 ) 70 71(72
Typic Rhodoxeralfs .
216
: P 16
21 55 524

32 50 524

P16

398 %2 .
5 . %10 %80
.
.
. 35
. .
%53
. ) (70 1.36 / 3

.
) (71
.
0.90 /
P16 . %0.07
12.82 100 / 3.30 .
8.32
3.52 100 / .
) (75 ) 70 71(72
.
: S5
S5
.
%8.24 .
217
S5
12.97 100 / 3.20
. .
. 1.5 , 0
SC-15 4 7 . S16
SC -16
) ( 73

SC 16
) : ( 73
0.1(
)(%
)(%
)(%

) /
(

)( K
SC-15
1.5
5.22
76.15
3.24
0.36
0.29
SC-16
7-4
3.40
65.67
2.08
0.22
= ND
218
) : ( 74 P15
32 50 456
21 55 532
205
394
..
15
32 50 404
21 55 538
2003/5/21
402
..
%2
% 80
%5
%5
60
)(
20 0
) ( 2.5YR 3/4 ) ( 2.5YR 3/2

.
60 20
) ( 2.5YR 3/4 ) ( 2.5YR 3/2

.

< 60

219
) : ( 75 P16
32 50 455
21 56 443
205
403
..
16
32 50 524
21 55 524
2003/5/21
398
..
%2
% 80
%5
% 10
35
)(
35 0
) ( 2.5YR 4/4 ) ( 2.5YR 3/4

.
< 35

220
)(206

22 22 540
22 21 595 32 48 265
32 48 610
245 .
.
.
: P 65
32 48 268
22 22 402
416 %6 .
%10 .
P65
47 %58 ) . (76
. 20-5
50-20 .
) 5-0 ( P65
. %5.69 ) (%18.03 80-50 .

S65
. S67,S66
221
)(
P65
) ( 76
)(%
5-0
21.15
31.73
47.12
) ( %

)/(3
ND
5.69
29.77
17.27
12.50
20-5
15.69
29.41
54.90
1.34
11.63
29.12
18.28
10.84
50-20
18.00
24.00
58.00
1.24
17.70
27.24
19.41
7.83
80-50
19.00
25.00
56.00
ND
18.03
34.97
20.66
14.31
S65
20-0
26.26
36.37
37.37
ND
16.15
37.88
24.09
13.79
S66
20-0
16.50
39.81
43.69
ND
9.22
37.02
22.33
14.69
S67
20-0
19.23
37.50
43.27
ND
5.73
34.80
18.23
16.57
= ND .
) (77 P65
5-0 . 7.75
0.294 / .
%0.75
80-50 .
) ( 77

) (
P65
5-0
7.75
) /(
) /(

)/(
Ca
Mg
Na
CO3
HCO3
CL
0.294
0.07
0.11
1.70
0.30
NP
0.63
0.55
2+
2+
2-

)(%
0.09
20-5
7.25
0.118
0.07
0.12
0.95
0.22
NP
0.50
0.55
0.25
50-20
7.31
0.204
0.01
0.07
1.27
0.11
NP
0.48
0.80
0.12
80-50
7.58
0.166
0.05
0.08
1.35
0.05
NP
0.55
0.45
0.75
S65
20-0
7.54
0.268
0.15
0.10
17.60
2.03
NP
0.55
0.38
1.52
S66
20-0
7.41
0.282
0.15
0.02
1.10
0.24
NP
0.53
0.38
0.55
S67
20-0
7.45
0.260
0.23
0.07
1.12
0.33
NP
0.55
0.43
0.15
= NP .
) ( 78
. %3.30 0.60
5-0 .
.
5-0 80-50
.
222
) ( 78

)(
P65
5-0

) 100 /(

)100/(
)(%

) (
3.30
0.60
0.10
0.05
Ca2+
Mg2+
Na+
K+
8.72
6.29
0.52
2.27
17.80
20-5
11.92
1.47
0.02
2.54
15.91
2.40
50-20
11.50
3.92
0.57
1.39
17.34
1.86
80-50
11.95
6.32
0.89
1.53
20.69
1.80
0.30
S65
20-0
13.85
1.90
0.42
1.72
17.89
9.42
0.90
S66
20-0
13.85
2.38
0.49
2.41
19.13
7.20
0.60
S67
20-0
10.97
2.38
0.41
2.27
17.57
5.46
0.40
) (80 ) 76 77(78
Inceptic Haploxeralfs
S 65 S 66 : S 67
S65 S66 S67 .

) . (76
0.282 / %1.52 .
S65
.
) ( 78
5.46 %9.42
0.90
.
) ( 79
6 5 .

223
) ( 79

) (K .

.
) : ( 79
SC-65
0.1(
)(%
)(%
)(%
4.68
77.08
3.01
224

) /
)( K
0.09
0.34
) : ( 80 P65

32 48 265
22 22 540
206
420
..
%0
65
32 48 268
22 22 402
%6
% 10
80
50
) ( 5YR 3/4 ( 5YR 3/3 )

.
) ( 5YR 3/4 ( 5YR 3/3 )

.
) ( 5YR 3/4 ( 5YR 3/3 )

.

.
.
80 - 50
< 80
..
)(
50-20
416
20 5
2003/6/18

225
)(207
32 45 688
22 28 072 319 .
22 26 464 32 44 815

.
:
: P 66
P66 32 45 040
22 27 323 %1 .
%5 %5
%40 .
.
.
40-20 %52
.
1.26 / 3 .
P66 P67
. ) ( 81
P66
P67
.
S68
%9.73
.

226
) ( 81

)(
P66
)(%
20-0
24.04
30.77
45.19

)/(3
1.26
) ( %

8.24
26.51
14.99
11.52
40-20
19.61
28.43
51.96
1.29
14.98
27.19
16.80
10.39
25-0
25.00
39.42
35.58
1.29
8.03
21.60
15.41
6.19
P67
45-25
17.82
25.74
56.44
1.23
17.33
26.09
18.96
7.13
20-0
21.57
48.04
30.39
ND
12.79
32.14
22.41
9.73
S68
= ND
) ( 82 . 7.47
.
P66 .
.
) ( 82

) (
P66
20-0
7.46
P67
S68
) /(
) /(

)/(
Ca
Mg
Na
CO3
HCO3
CL
0.137
0.12
0.03
1.50
0.19
NP
0.43
0.30
2+
2+
2-
)(%
0.15
40-20
7.47
0.163
0.05
0.03
1.72
0.12
NP
0.58
0.25
0.21
25-0
7.59
0.205
0.05
0.06
2.12
0.10
NP
0.53
0.20
0.52
45-25
7.80
0.202
0.05
0.07
1.65
0.23
NP
0.48
0.25
0.30
20-0
7.26
0.928
0.88
0.38
1.15
0.27
NP
0.88
1.43
0.51
= NP .
17.76 15.72 100 /
. ) (83
0.20 .
) ( 83

)(
P66
P67
S68
) 100 /(
Ca2+
Mg2+
Na+
K+

)100/(

)(%

) (
20-0
7.89
6.77
0.45
2.67
17.76
3.42
0.20
40-20
11.55
1.57
0.70
1.91
15.72
4.20
0.20
25-0
12.35
1.94
0.28
1.91
17.02
4.60
0.50
45-25
11.55
1.53
0.52
2.28
15.87
3.00
20.20
20-0
12.32
1.62
0.66
1.50
16.10
0.12
4.70
) (85 ) 81 82(83
227
: P 67
32 45 032
22 27 256 390 %1 .
. %10
%40 . P66

. .
.
) P67 (81
%35 %56
. 25-0 45-25
.
7.80
45-25 .
%0.52 .

2.12 / 0.06 / .
17.02 15.87100/
25-0 45-25 .
.
) (86 ) 81 82(83
: S 68
S68

0.928 /
228
.
.
16.10100/ ) ( 83 .

%0.12
.
) ( 84
. 9-7
.
) (84

) (K .
) ( 84
)(%
)(%
0.1( )(%
SC-67
9-7
2.52
76.96
2.19
229
) /(
)( K
0.28
0.36
) : ( 85 P66

32 45 088
22 27 335
% 40
207
408
..
66
32 45 040
22 27 323
398
. .
%1
%5
%5
40
)(
20 0
) ( 2.5YR 3/4 ( 2.5YR 2/4 )

.
40 20
) ( 2.5YR 3/4 ( 2.5YR 2/4 )

.
< 40
2003/6/18
.

230
) : ( 86 P67

32 45 088
22 27 353
% 40
207
408
..
67
32 45 032
22 27 256
390
. .
%1
% 10
% 10
45
)(
25 0
) ( 2.5YR 3/6 ) ( 2.5YR 3/4

.
45 25
) ( 2.5YR 3/6 ) ( 2.5YR 3/4

.
< 45
2003/6/18
.

231
)(208
) ( 32 52 190
22 14 197 .

.
94 ) . (2
:
. .
: P 73
32 50 869
22 13 110 252 %1
. %10
. %20
. P73
.
) (87 P73 .
P74 , P73 ) . (87

P73 S80 S81
%4 .

232
P74
) (87
) ( 87

)(
P73
)(%

)/(3
25-0
38.89
38.89
22.22
45-25
27.78
46.29
25.93
) ( %

1.22
4.14
22.66
9.21
13.45
11.89
21.58
9.24
12.34
85-45
37.04
37.03
25.93
1.12
-
8.01
27.47
8.11
19.36
110-85
35.19
46.29
18.52
9.31
32.69
6.57
26.12
20-0
15.38
26.93
57.69
55-20
14.56
25.25
60.19
1.24
-
12.22
24.98
19.13
5.85
17.29
31.54
21.41
10.13
75-55
12.62
25.24
62.14
18.74
34.78
21.62
13.16
S80
20-0
32.71
39.25
28.04
3.30
34.25
11.59
22.66
S81
20-0
34.58
42.99
22.43
S82
20-0
23.81
34.29
41.90
S83
S84
P74
3.56
43.45
12.57
30.88
7.57
34.10
17.72
16.38
20-0
39.62
35.85
24.53
20-0
38.32
48.60
13.08
7.44
43.85
16.43
27.42
3.93
42.74
11.36
31.38
P73 .
7.65 8.31 25-0110-85 .
0.402 /
.
. ) ( 88 P73
59.50 . %70.82
233
) ( 88
) /(
)/(
2+
Ca
2+
Mg
+
Na
+
K
2CO3
HCO3
_
CL
)(%
0.402
0.33
0.20
1.25
0.44
NP
0.88
0.43
64.50
0.282
0.20
0.05
2.62
0.16
NP
0.78
0.48
59.50
85-45
8.18
0.221
0.23
0.07
1.20
0.24
NP
0.65
0.35
70.82
110-85
8.31
0.305
0.36
0.07
4.20
0.21
NP
0.60
0.45
66.40
20-0
8.84
0.322
0.80
0.05
1.17
0.94
NP
0.65
0.43
6.60
P73
25-0
7.65
45-25
8.12
P74
S80
S81
S82
S83
S84
) (
) /(
55-20
7.90
0.341
0.23
0.05
1.20
0.33
NP
0.78
0.33
4.60
75-55
20-0
20-0
20-0
20-0
20-0
7.95
7.82
8.00
7.97
7.72
7.82
0.255
0.427
0.624
0.414
0.661
0.357
0.15
0.12
0.28
0.33
0.28
0.35
0.03
0.20
0.23
0.25
0.05
0.15
1.50
1.50
5.75
1.15
1.50
0.95
0.18
0.46
0.56
2.03
3.45
0.28
NP
NP
NP
NP
NP
NP
0.83
0.75
0.65
0.88
1.10
0.90
0.50
0.38
0.85
0.43
0.65
0.33
2.20
56.16
58.20
16.20
45.90
62.07
= NP .
. %1.92
13.73 16.69 100 / .
85-45
110-85 .
) ( 89

Mg2+
Na+
K+
)100/(

)(%

) (
0.39
0.98
14.03
1.92
6.50
0.43
16.69
1.56
8.00
13.73
1.80
6.16
14.45
1.44
4.40
1.68
4.62
2.20
4.34
)(
Ca2+
P73
25-0
11.27
1.40
45-25
13.40
2.35
0.05
85-45
6.97
5.52
0.083
0.41
110-85
8.62
5.12
0.027
0.45
20-0
14.60
3.15
0.440
3.64
21.79
55-20
13.77
2.75
0.48
2.23
19.24
P74
) 100 /(
75-55
13.85
2.37
0.28
1.84
18.34
2.88
3.50
S80
20-0
11.47
1.00
0.45
1.28
14.20
4.68
9.52
S81
S82
20-0
10.52
3.77
0.37
1.27
15.93
3.78
9.94
20-0
12.87
2.15
0.22
4.06
19.30
3.48
31.50
S83
20-0
13.32
1.15
0.19
3.12
17.78
4.90
8.40
S84
20-0
11.65
3.45
0.16
1.03
16.29
1.98
9.39
) (91 ) 88 87 (89
Typic Calcixerepts .
234
: P 74
22 02 370
P74 32 50 851
375 %1 .
%10 .
%30
.
.
P74 58 %62
. 1.24/ 3
.
20-0 8.84
7.90 75-20 .
.
) (88
) (%6.60 75-55 . %2.20
P74
21.79 100 / 20-0 .

.
.
) (92 ) 87 88(89
P74 Typic Haploxerepts

.
: S 84 - S 80
S84 S80
) . (87 S82 S84

41.9 %13.1 .
235
.
46 %62 S82
. %16.20
19.30 100/ S82
S80
S81 S83 . S84
) . (89
SC-74
SC-80
. SC-81
) ( 90
.
SC-80
SC-81 10 .
) : ( 90
)(%
)(%
0.1( )(%
63.35
14.22
15.42
0.75
15.32
ND
SC-74
4.32
SC-80
1.5
3.96
65.11
SC-81
10
5.22
68.41
) /(
)( K
0.24
0.26
0.30
0.30
= ND .

236
) : ( 91 P73
879
50
059
13
32
22
% 20
208
255
..
73
32 50 869
13 110
%1
%10
< 100
- ) (
25 0
) ( 10YR 5/6 ) ( 10YR 4/4

.
) ( 19YR 5/4 ) ( 10YR 3/4

.
) ( 10YR 5/4 ) ( 10YR 3/1

.
.
110 - 85
22
..
)(
85 - 45
252
45 25
2003/6/29

237
) : ( 92 P74

854

50
12 356
32
22
%30
208
378
. .
74
32 50 851
370
%1
% 10
75
- ) (
20 0
) ( 5YR 3/4 ( 5YR 3/3 )

.
) ( 5YR 3/4 ( 5YR 3/3 )

.
) ( 5YR 3/4 ( 5YR 3/3 )

.
.
< 75
..
)(
75 - 55
12
22
375
55 20
2003/6/29

238
22 10
53
22 15
32 52
) : (2

) (1980
32 47
22 15

239
32 47
22 10
)(209
32 52 519
21 39 112 277 .
21 39 633 32 53 095
.
.
:

.
: P 50
21 39 545
32 52 883
218 %2 .
%5 %30
.
%70
.
.
) P50 (93
15-030-15 .

) . (93 P50 . P51
P50 . P51
.
P50
P51 ) 40-15 ( .
P50 P51 .
S37 S38
240
S38
S37 .
) ( 93

P50
)(
)(%
15-0
29.52
38.10
32.38
) ( %

)/(3
1.30
12.67
21.47
12.62
8.85
30-15
17.65
29.41
52.94
1.29
16.62
26.53
18.52
8.01
15-0
23.81
45.71
30.48
1.03
13.47
22.62
18.30
4.32
40-15
22.33
31.07
46.60
1.17
17.51
23.71
9.82
13.89
S37
20-0
23.81
47.62
28.57
ND
11.18
40.46
14.10
26.36
S38
20-0
32.00
48.00
20.00
ND
16.31
53.35
15.10
38.25
P51
= ND .
) . (94
25.50 12.50 .
) ( 94
) (
) /(
) /(

)/(
Ca
Mg
Na
CO3
HCO3
CL
)(%
15-0
8.07
0.173
0.01
0.07
1.30
0.53
NP
0.28
0.28
0.07
30-15
7.90
0.102
0.09
0.15
1.12
0.39
NP
0.23
0.11
0.07
15-0
8.12
0.305
0.10
0.07
1.50
0.32
NP
0.20
0.10
0.67
40-15
7.32
0.146
0.10
0.03
1.20
0.34
NP
0.25
0.13
4.76
S37
20-0
7.81
0.263
0.15
0.03
2.15
0.34
NP
0.35
0.43
0.22
S38
20-0
7.95
P50
P51
0.533
2+
0.15
2+
0.07
2-
4.97
0.64
NP
0.68
0.70
0.36
= NP .
%10.14
14.25 100 / .
241
) ( 95

P50
P51
Ca2+
Mg2+
Na+
K+
)100/(
)(%

)
(
15-0
7.91
3.14
0.64
1.38
13.07
10.14
25.50
30-15
10.71
1.05
0.75
1.74
14.25
5.52
12.50
15-0
13.10
3.54
0.45
2.01
19.10
9.18
38.50
)(

) 100 /(
40-15
10.70
4.37
0.57
1.76
17.39
6.18
30.50
S37
13.05
2.77
0.73
1.11
17.66
4.62
26.50
S38
17.45
6.33
0.62
2.20
26.60
5.70
20.00
) (97 ) 93 94(95
.
: P 51
21 39 601
P51 32 52 875
223 %3 .
%10 %30
. %60
.
.
.
15-0 40-15
.
.
0.305 / .

) (95
.
P51 38.5 30.5 15-0
40-15 .

242
19.10 100 /
.
) (98 ) 93 94(95
Lithic Haploxeralfs
: S 37
%48
S37 .
7.81
. S37
.

.
26 %4.62 .
) (95 %80
13 100 / .

.
: S 38
S38

) . (93
S37

4.97 /
S38 S37 .
S38
26.60 100 / .
6.33 100 / .
243
%5.70 20.0
.
4 14 .
.
) (96 14
. )(K
.
.
) : ( 96

SC-51
14
)(%
)(%
0.1( )(%
1.98
76.89
1.16
244

) /(
0.08
)( K
0.43
) : ( 97 P50

32 52 870
21 39 575
% 70
209
226
..
50
32 52 883
21 39 545
. .
%2
> %5
% 30
30
)(
15 0
) ( 2.5YR 3/6 ) ( 2.5YR 3/4

.
) ( 2.5YR 3/6 ) ( 2.5YR 3/4

.
.
< 30
218
30 15
2003/6/10

245
) : ( 98 P51
32 52 870
21 39 575
%60
209
226
..
51
32 52 875
21 39 601
. .
%3
% 10
% 30
40
)(
15 0
) ( 5YR 4/3 ) ( 5YR 3/3

.
) ( 5YR 4/3 ) ( 5YR 3/3

.
< 40
223
40 15
2003/6/10

246
)(210
21 43 614 32 52 539
32 53 556
21 43 667 124 . .
:
.
: P 19
32 53 240
21 43 613 244 %3 .

%5 %50 .

. . %80
.
.
.
) ( 99 P19
. %60
1.26 /. 3
P19

.
S6 P19 .

. %41
) . (99
) ( 99

)(
P19
S6
)(%
) ( %

)/(3
1.26
8.49
27.68
15.98
11.70
62.14
35.29
20-0
14.29
35.23
50.48
45-20
12.62
25.24
20-0
23.53
41.18
1.21
18.34
32.24
19.97
12.27
ND
16.68
41.59
28.48
13.11
= ND .
247

.
%0.35
) . (100
) ( 100
) (
P19
S6

)/(
2+
) /(
) /(
2+
2-
Ca
Mg
Na
CO3
)(%
HCO3
CL
20-0
7.33
0.141
0.05
0.05
1.05
0.25
NP
0.40
0.50
0.12
45-20
7.07
0.938
0.05
0.05
0.90
0.31
NP
0.35
0.48
0.35
20-0
7.72
0.520
0.20
0.05
6.55
1.40
NP
0.98
1.98
0.80
= NP .
14 100 /
. .
) ( 101
)(
P19
S6

) 100 /(
Ca2+
)100/(
)(%
) (
4.38
2.00
3.84
1.70
11.76
8.20
Mg2+
Na+
K+
20-0
9.95
2.35
0.93
0.51
13.74
45-20
10.75
0.75
0.51
1.38
13.39
20-0
17.80
2.35
0.21
1.65
22.01

(103
)

) 99 100 (101 Lithic Rhodoxeralfs

.
: S6
. ) (100
7.72
.
.
%11
248
2.5
) (102
) : ( 102
SC-6
2.5
0.1(
4.02
60.83
2.61
)(%
)(%
) /
0.42
)(%
249
)( K
0.18
) : ( 103 P19
32 53 255
21 43 643
% 80
210
243
..
19
32 53 240
21 43 613
244
..
%3
%5
% 50
45
)(
20-0
) ( 5YR 4/4 ) ( 2.5YR 3/4

.
45-20
) ( 2.5YR 3/4

.
< 45
2003/5/21

250
)(211
32 34 235
21 12 759 189.6 .
21 10 542 32 33 787
:
%36

.
: S 16
S17 , S16
. S19 , S18 %6.20
S17 S16
. ) (104
S19 S18
S16 S17
S18 S19
.
S19 %45 .
S19 , S17

) ( 104

)(%
)(
S16
20-0
37.47
35.84
26.42
S17
20-0
37.14
41.91
20.95
) ( %

)/(3
ND
8.26
32.51
17.11
15.40
ND
7.44
36.24
16.89
19.35
S18
20-0
19.42
49.51
31.07
ND
11.05
31.99
19.49
12.50
S19
20-0
25.49
47.06
24.45
ND
13.26
44.98
21.14
20.84
251
) (105 7.46
.
0.320 / .
) ( 105
) (

)/(
S16
S17
S18
S19
20-0
20-0
20-0
20-0
7.46
7.60
7.44
7.57
0.320
0.357
0.304
0.393

) /(
2+
2+

) /(
2-
Ca
Mg
Na
CO3
HCO3
CL
0.29
0.17
0.17
0.20
0.10
0.08
0.03
0.12
1.57
4.70
1.77
2.62
0.61
1.56
1.41
0.20
NP
NP
NP
NP
3.10
3.00
1.50
1.00
1.50
1.70
1.30
0.80
)(%
42.00
46.00
1.87
14.00
= NP .
) (106
%70
25.22 100 / .
. %5.50
3.70 .
) ( 106
)(

) 100 /(

)100/(

)(%

) (
5.50
3.70
65.90
Ca2+
Mg2+
Na+
K+
S16
20-0
17.31
5.10
0.71
2.11
25.22
S17
20-0
20.23
5.92
0.30
3.80
30.25
6.20
S18
20-0
21.03
3.17
0.84
2.54
27.68
5.20
11.10
S19
20-0
24.60
3.88
1.02
2.15
31.66
5.90
10.90
: S 17
S17
%21 .

7.60 .
) (105
.

252
0.357 / .
%46
.
. %6.20
65 .
: S 18
S18
S18 . 7.44

0.304 / .

) . (105 %1.87
.
) (106 S18
28100/
. %75
.
: S 19
S19
.
7.57
2.62 /
0.20 / ) . (105
) (%14
%6 11 .
32100/ %75
.
20 30 .
SC-16

253
. SC-17

SC-18 . SC-19
) . (107
. SC-19 1.00/
) : ( 107
0.1(
)(%
)(%
)(%

) /(
)( K
SC-16
21
5.70
70.32
12.49
ND
0.28
SC-17
30
11.20
66.30
17.35
ND
0.27
SC-18
21
11.60
76.12
1.61
ND
0.27
SC-19
30
12.12
74.43
7.45
1.00
0.30
= ND .
254
) ( )(213
) (
21 15 435
21 16 191 32 42 093
32 41 309
21 15 779
436 . 32 41 715
200 . .
:
.
.
: P 39
21 15 741 231
32 42 017
%5
%5
. %80
.
.
10-040-10
. ) (108 1.34 / 3
.
P40 , P39
) ( .

.
P40 , P39
) ( 108
.
.

255
) ( 108 ) (

P39
P40
)(%
)(
10-0
18.87
37.73
43.40
40-10
19.23
37.50
10-0
19.23
28.85
40-10
24.53
) ( %
)/(3
6.89
27.56
14.99
12.57
43.27
1.39
12.68
28.33
16.64
11.69
51.92
1.30
7.71
29.48
17.19
12.29
37.73
37.74
1.15
12.97
25.96
14.80
11.16
1.34
P36
) (109
0.215 / %0.11 .

2.62 2.30 / .
) ( 109 ) (
) (
P39
P40

)/(

) /(

) /(
2+
Ca
2+
Mg
Na
2CO3
HCO3
_
CL
)(%
10-0
7.96
0.215
0.07
0.13
1.10
0.19
NP
1.00
0.80
0.10
40-10
8.02
0.104
0.11
0.04
2.62
0.33
NP
2.30
1.00
0.11
10-0
7.80
0.170
0.17
0.11
1.20
0.25
NP
1.60
1.20
0.18
40-10
7.91
0.239
0.06
0.17
4.45
0.29
NP
1.50
1.40
0.22
= NP .

12.90 100 / . %75 .
. %4.20
.
2.80 7.00 .
) ( 110 ) (

)(
P39
P40

) 100 /(

)100/(

)(%

) (
4.20
2.80
3.90
7.00
9.00
3.00
Ca2+
Mg2+
Na+
K+
10-0
9.53
1.07
0.92
1.38
12.90
40-10
9.89
5.86
0.52
1.24
17.61
10-0
9.62
1.89
0.99
2.53
15.33
4.80
40-10
13.54
2.64
1.27
2.14
19.60
4.80
256
) (112
) 109 110 (111 Lithic Rhodoxeralfs
: P 40
21 15 981 238
32 42 201
%5 .
.
%5 . %10
.
%70 .
.
.
.
10-0 .
) (109 7.80
. 7.90
. P40
.
1.20/ 4.45 / .
15.33 100 /
%52
. %4.80
%38
.
. P39
257
) (113
) 108 109 (110 P40 Lithic Rhodoxeralfs
.
10
) (111

.
) : ( 111 ) (
)(%
)(%
0.1( )(%
SC-39
10
3.54
70.94
1.98
258
) /(
)( K
0.07
0.35
) : ( 112 P39 ) ( .
)
32 42 093
21 15 435
% 80
213
230
..
39
32 42 017
21 15 741
..
%5
> %5
%5
40
)(
10 0
) ( 2.5YR 4/4 ) ( 2.5YR 3/4

.
) ( 2.5YR 4/4 ) ( 2.5YR 3/4

.

< 40
231
40 10
2003/6/4

259
) : ( 113 P40 ) ( .
)
42 093
15 435
32
21
% 70
213
230
. .
40
32 42 201
21 15 981
238
..
%5
%5
% 10
40
)(
10 0
) ( 2.5YR 4/4 ) ( 2.5YR 3/4

.
40 10
) ( 2.5YR 4/4 ) ( 2.5YR 3/4

.
< 40
2003/6/4
.

260
)( )(214
)( 32 34 235
21 18 179 620 .
21 17 49 32 36 319
: S21
) ( S21
%40 .
S22 , S21

.
) (114
) 115 (116 .
S21 . S22
. S21
S22 .
) ( 114 )(
)/(3
S21
20-0
39.62
32.08 28.30
ND
10.36
31.72
14.97
16.75
S22
20-0
25.00
48.08 26.92
ND
11.17
32.10
16.99
15.11
)(
)(%
) ( %
= ND .
S21 . 7.70

0.220 / %50
.
) . (115
261
) ( 115 )(
) (

)/(
) /(
2+
2+
) /(
2-
CO3
HCO3
CL
)(%
S21
20-0
7.70
0.220
0.36 1.17 0.03 0.23
NP
2.00
1.00
50.00
S22
20-0
7.60
0.210
0.22 0.92 0.13 0.21
NP
2.20
0.90
18.60
Ca
Na
Mg
= NP .
24.42 100 /
%80 .
%8.46
2.0 .
) ( 116 )(

) 100 /(
)(
S21
20-0
1.81 0.39 2.37 19.73
S22
20-0
2.66 0.68 3.87 20.91
Ca2+
Mg2+
K+
Na+
)100/(
)(%

) (
24.42
8.46
1.90
28.20
2.15
0.10
: S22
S22 %48
) (115 . 7.60
S22
0.210 / . %19
%75
28 100 /
.
0.10 .
.
.
11.5 .
262
) (117 SC-21

. SC 22
. ) (K
.
) ( 117 ) (
0.1(
)(%
)(%
) /
(
)(%

)( K
SC-21
11.5
8.46
48.01
28.67
0.55
0.21
SC-22
11.5
2.15
58.28
12.51
0.27
263
)(215
32 40 964
21 25 801 . 412
.
:
.
: P 32
21 25 556 364
32 41 060
%1 .
. %5 %60

.
.
. .
P32
. 30-0 ) 1.30/(3
)1.15 / (3
P32
%16 30-0 %20 100-65

. - P33 P34
100-60 40-20
.
) (118
. P34 , P32
264
) ( 118

P32
P33
P34
)(%
)(
30-0
20.59
34.31
45.10
65-30
25.24
32.04
42.72
) ( %
)/(3
1.30
16.36
24.19
18.88
5.31
1.15
15.69
22.84
17.70
5.14
100-65
20.00
34.00
46.00
20.38
28.33
17.13
11.20
30-0
28.85
34.61
36.54
1.14
8.40
27.42
17.05
10.37
60-30
27.88
33.66
38.46
1.24
12.86
28.86
16.24
12.62
100-60
31.07
28.15
40.78
16.83
25.40
15.88
9.52
20-0
30.77
32.69
36.54
1.27
10.32
23.75
16.11
7.64
40-20
23.08
26.92
50.00
1.28
20.45
30.67
21.72
8.95
8.53 100-65 .
0.08 / .
%5 .
%17.30 100-65 .
) ( 119
) (
P32
P33
P34

)/(

) /(

) /(
HCO3
_
CL
0.23
5.10
0.24
16.50
2+
Ca
2+
Mg
Na
2CO3
30-0
7.78
0.188
0.16
0.17
0.80
0.45
NP
0.53
65-30
8.47
0.166
0.15
0.05
0.80
0.47
0.03
0.70
)(%
100-65
8.53
0.157
0.15
0.03
1.02
0.30
0.08
0.53
0.25
17.30
30-0
7.75
0.202
0.21
0.03
0.82
0.25
NP
0.58
0.28
33.00
60-30
8.53
0.171
0.17
0.15
0.90
0.30
0.03
0.50
0.23
36.00
100-60
8.56
0.164
0.20
0.03
1.07
0.29
0.03
0.40
0.20
36.80
20-0
7.82
0.196
0.20
0.09
0.85
0.32
NP
0.55
0.28
40.60
40-20
7.90
0.174
0.10
0.05
0.77
0.26
NP
0.45
0.23
21.60
= NP .
) ( 119 .
28 31 100 / 30-0 100-65
65-30 15.50 100 / .

.
265

.
) ( 120

)(
P32
P33
P34

) 100 /(

)100/(

)(%

) (
4.08
1.10
3.96
0.80
Ca2+
Mg2+
Na+
K+
30-0
21.04
4.60
0.43
2.38
28.49
65-30
11.45
1.95
0.35
1.74
15.50
100-65
24.65
4.57
0.50
1.76
31.48
2.24
2.30
30-0
29.79
1.97
0.43
1.63
33.82
4.20
3.10
60-30
27.03
3.45
0.51
1.50
32.49
4.06
0.10
100-60
22.20
3.57
0.58
1.63
27.97
3.45
0.10
20-0
16.20
1.91
0.35
1.62
20.08
3.60
1.00
40-20
19.94
1.15
0.44
1.76
23.29
1.25
0.30
) (122
) 118 119 (120 P32 Calcic Palexeralfs
.
: P 33
21 25 825
32 41 018
390 %2 .
%5 .
%80 .
100
.
.
) . (119
0.202 / .
266
P33
) (%36.80 100-60 .
%33
) (120
22 29 100 /
.

.
) (123
) 118 119 (120 P33 Calcic Palexeralfs
.
: P 34
P34 32 40 994

21 25 766 411 %1 .
%5
. %80
. .

.
. P34 )
. (118
.

) . (119
.
20-0
%40.60 40-20 . %21.60

P34 20 23 100 /
.
267
) (124
) 118 119 (120 Lithic Ruptic-Inceptic Haploxeralfs
.
%4.60
.
. ) (121
10 13
.
.
SC-33
13-10
) : ( 121
)(%
)(%
0.1( )(%
4.60
67.73
12.70
268
) /(
)( K
0.20
0.30
) : ( 122 P32
-
32 40 964
801
21 25
% 60
> 3
215
415
..
32
32 41 060

21 25 556
2003/5/28
364
..
%1
>%5
> %5
< 100
)(
30 0
) ( 5YR 4/4 ) ( 5YR 3/3

.
65 30
) ( 5YR 4/3 ( 5YR 3/3 )

.
100 - 65
.

269
) : ( 123 P33

32 40 964
21 25 801
% 80
215
415
..
33
32 41 018
21 25 825
2003/5/28
390
..
%2
> %5
< 2
< 100
)(
30 0
) ( 7.5YR 3/4 ( 7.5YR 3/3 )

.
60 30
) ( 7.5YR 4/4 ( 7.5YR 3/3 )

.
100 -60
.

270
) : ( 124 P34
32 40 964
21 25 801
% 80
215
415
. .
34
32 40 994
21 25 766
. .
%1
%5
40
)(
20 0
) ( 7.5YR 4/4 ( 7.5YR 3/4 )

.
) ( 5YR 3/4

.

50 - 40
< 50
411
40 20
2003/5/28

271
)(216
32 39 430
21 24 604
. 350
.
.
: P 31
21 24 792 507
32 39 392
%1 .
%5 .
%30 . %60

.
.
) (125
%36.54 30-0 55-30 80-55

100-80 . %36.89
) %6.60 (127
P31
) . (125
100 %16
.

3.88 8.49 30-055-30 .
272
.
.
) ( 125
)(
P31
)(%
) ( %
)/(3
30-0
25.00
38.46
36.54
1.32
8.54
21.15
17.27
3.88
55-30
24.51
32.35
43.14
1.36
14.42
26.38
17.89
8.49
80-55
23.53
31.37
45.10
ND
1621
28.05
16.98
11.07
100-80
30.10
33.01
36.89
ND
15.97
27.69
16.01
11.68
S12
20-0
36.00
46.00
18.00
ND
15.24
35.55
17.23
18.32
S13
20-0
44.23
34.62
21.15
ND
11.55
28.03
13.65
14.38
= ND .
7.78 . 8.53

. P31 .

) .(126
) ( 126

) (
P31

)/(
) /(
+
2+
) /(
2-
2+
Ca
Mg
Na
CO
HCO
_
CL

)(%
30-0
7.85
0.205
0.23
0.15
1.02
0.25
NP
0.68
0.50
5.70
55-30
8.49
0.162
0.14
0.20
1.25
0.16
0.05
0.48
0.45
6.30
80-55
8.53
0.160
0.15
0.07
1.37
0.06
0.05
0.50
0.30
7.20
100-80
7.78
0.080
0.13
0.02
2.12
0.04
NP
0.68
0.25
11.90
S12
20-0
7.72
0.363
0.35
0.09
6.00
0.35
NP
0.93
0.40
19.00
S13
20-0
7.83
0.195
0.20
0.15
1.20
0.24
NP
0.45
0.38
41.00
= NP .
) (127
.
%85 .
) ( 127
Ca2+
Mg2+
Na+
K+

)100/(

)(%

) (
) 100 /(
)(
0.79
0.50
2.02
22.68
6.60
2.30
0.90
0.65
1.38
22.39
4.14
2.00
P31
30-0
19.37
55-30
19.46
80-55
24.15
0.43
0.72
1.01
26.42
1.50
1.00
100-80
25.07
2.38
0.91
0.89
29.24
0.55
2.50
S12
20-0
39.25
3.90
0.69
1.24
45.29
12.60
2.30
S13
20-0
47.80
3.85
0.48
1.25
53.38
6.30
2.40
273
) (129
) 125 126 (127 P31 Haplic Palexeralfs
.
S12 : S13
S12) S13 (125
19.00 %41.00 S12 S13
S12 S13 45.29 53.38 100/

.

12.62 %6.30 S12 S13 .
20
.
.
) (128
.

.
) : ( 128
0.1(
)(%
)(%
)(%
80.34
6.04
54.62
29.04
SC-12
20
8.64
SC-13
19
4.68
274
) /(
)( K
0.80
0.22
0.30
0.30
) ( 129 P31

39 430

32
21 24 604
216
415
. .
% 30
31
32 39 392
. .
%1
%5
< 100
30 0
) ( 5YR 4/4 ) ( 5YR 3/4

.

.
) ( 5YR 3/4

.
.
100 80
407
)(
80 55
21 24 792
55- 30
2003/5/28

275
)(217

.
.
21 35 940
. 32 41 794
29.0 ) . (3
:
: P 43
21 36 290 399
32 41 489
.
%1 . %8
P43
) . (130 20-0
. 1.08
1.18 / 3 .
.
P43
) . (130
.

276
S23
) %14.5 (130
P43

S23 S24
) ( 130

P43
)(%
)/(3
1.08
10.46
22.76
14.74
8.02
14.79
26.81
15.30
11.51
30.35
16.37
13.98
22.50
18.18
26.41
16.30
) ( %
)(
20-0
17.31
40.38
42.31
55-20
22.33
34.95
42.72
1.18
75-55
20.39
31.07
48.54
ND
16.95
S23
20-0
18.45
44.66
36.89
ND
14.57
40.68
S24
20-0
23.53
45.10
31.37
ND
11.62
42.71
= ND .
. ) (131
0.169/
%3.20 .
0.10 0.30
.
) ( 131
) (

)/(
P43
) /(
) /(
_
)(%
2+
Ca
2+
Mg
+
Na
+
K
2CO3
HCO3
CL
20-0
7.65
0.169
0.22
0.05
1.25
0.15
NP
1.80
1.00
3.20
55-20
7.75
0.148
0.26
0.26
0.75
0.16
NP
2.70
1.00
10.57
75-55
7.83
0.153
0.14
0.14
1.02
0.21
NP
3.50
1.30
10.90
S23
20-0
7.61
0.359
0.22
0.16
3.15
0.62
NP
2.30
1.60
1.42
S24
20-0
7.55
0.376
0.22
0.05
1.05
0.42
NP
0.43
0.28
1.60
= NP .
277
) . (132
) ( 132
) 100 /(
Mg2+
Na+
K+

)100/(
)(%
)(
Ca2+
0.47
1.64
24.30
3.18
1.64
27.04
3.60
0.10
0.10
P43
20-0
17.43
4.75
26.20
4.02
0.30
55-20
21.34
3.53
0.52
12.78
1.11
75-55
18.81
5.55
0.58
1.25
S23
20-0
16.59
5.44
0.54
3.39
25.96
3.84
0.20
S24
20-0
16.58
7.96
0.75
2.51
27.80

) (
) (134
) 130 131 (132 P43 Typic Haploxeralfs

.
S23 : S24
) (130 ) 131 (132
S23 S24
.
.

S23 . S24
S23 %12.78
S24 %3.84
) (11
) (133
278

.
.
) : ( 133
0.1(
)(%
)(%
)(%

) /
(

)( K
SC-43
3.72
75.13
3.24
0.27
0.31
SC-24
11
6.48
77.37
1.85
0.40
0.28
279
) : ( 134 P43

32 41 794
21 35 940
217
367
..
43
32 41 489
21 36 290
%1
75
20 0
) ( 5YR 4/4 ) ( 5YR 3/4

.
) ( 5YR 4/4 ) ( 5YR 3/3

.
) ( 5YR 3/4 ( 5YR 3/3 )

.

< 75
. .
)(
75 - 55
399
55 20
2003/6/8

280
21 39
21 34
32 43
32 43
) : (3

) ( 1980
32 40
21 34
21 39

281
32 40
)(218
32 39 510
20 55 255 298 .
20 56 439 32 40 629
:
: S 59 - S 56

%52 S56 S57. S59
) (135
S58
.

S58 S59 5.43 %4.92 . ) (135

S56 S57
.

) . (137
) ( 135 -

)(
)(%
S56
20-0
26.92
52.89
20.19
S57
)/(3
ND
) ( %
8.52
45.47
20.80
24.67
20-0
26.47
52.94
20.59
ND
11.73
53.67
24.35
29.32
S58
20-0
25.47
41.51
33.02
ND
5.43
34.31
11.60
22.71
S59
20-0
28.30
51.89
19.81
ND
4.92
34.89
12.66
22.23
= ND .
) (136 7.66. 8.13

S56 S57 S58 S59
) 0.718 /(
.
.

282
S56 S58 S59 55.60 . %63.43 S57

.
) ( 136 -
) (
)/(

) /(

) /(
)(%
2+
Ca
2+
Mg
Na
2CO3
HCO3
_
CL
S56
20-0
8.13
0.613
0.15
0.07
7.00
1.25
NP
0.88
1.25
55.60
S57
20-0
7.66
0.718
0.20
0.06
11.82
1.09
NP
0.45
1.38
35.62
S58
S59
20-0
8.11
0.362
0.20
0.20
5.77
0.27
NP
0.48
0.60
63.43
20-0
7.70
0.315
0.23
0.03
3.15
0.56
NP
0.65
0.40
58.22
NP .
) (137 S56 S57

S58 S59 .
S56 S57 . %12

.
S56 S57
) ( 137 -
)(

) 100 /(
Ca2+
Mg2+
Na+
K+
S56
20-0
17.85
1.93
0.68
1.54
S57

)100/(

)(%

)
(
21.99
12.60
3.80
20-0
19.00
1.54
3.15
1.55
25.24
12.30
15.50
S58
20-0
10.60
2.20
0.56
0.99
14.75
2.22
15.50
S59
20-0
10.17
2.77
0.46
1.35
14.36
6.48
4.20
40 .
SC-56
. SC-58
%12.6
%2.2
283
.
.
) (K
) . (138

) : ( 138 -
0.1(
)(%
)(%
)(%
) /
(
)( K
SC 56
40
12.60
82.75
6.67
ND
0.31
SC 58
40
2.22
64.86
14.79
ND
0.36
= ND .
284
)(219

21 34 198
21 34 072 32 46 545
32 47 007
100 80 .

.
:
. .
: P 38
21 34 138 286
32 46 772
%1 . %5
. %10 . %80

.
.
.
P38 %56
.

. 20-0
1.33/ 3 .
) (139 P38
.
.

90 .
) ( 139

)(
P38
)(%

)/(3
) ( %

20-0
18.10
28.57
53.33
1.33
11.87
29.04
16.09
12.95
55-20
15.38
25.00
59.62
1.27
18.67
32.47
17.52
14.95
90-55
17.48
26.21
56.31
ND
20.78
29.45
18.53
10.92
= ND .
285

1.15 1.37 / .
) ( 140
) (
P38
20-0
7.90
55-20
8.02
90-55
7.96
) /(

)/(
0.167
0.11
0.149
0.07
0.112
0.07
2+
Ca
2+
Mg
0.04
1.15
0.20
1.37
0.08
1.30
) /(
2-
HCO3
_
CL
)(%
0.90
0.92
0.90
0.10
0.80
0.14
Na
+
K
CO3
0.27
NP
1.40
0.24
NP
1.60
0.13
NP
1.00
= NP .
20-0 12.65
100/ . P38
16.30 10.60 20-0 55-20

0.70 90-55 .
) ( 141

)(
P38
) 100 /(
Ca2+
Na+
Mg2+

)100/(
K+

)(%

) (
20-0
9.09
1.56
0.66
0.99
12.30
4.92
16.30
55-20
9.53
0.60
0.72
1.76
12.61
2.64
10.60
90-55
8.78
8.78
0.82
1.39
11.65
1.98
0.70
) (143
) 139 140 (141 Vertic Rhodoxeralfs

.
) . (142
.
) : ( 142

SC-38
)(%
)(%
0.1( )(%
1.92
24.94
2.10
286
) /(

)( K
0.12
0.07
) : ( 143 P38
32 46 770
21 34 191
% 80
219
291
..
38
32 46 772
21 34 138
..
%1
//
%5
% 10
< 100
)(
20 0
) ( 2.5YR 3/4 ( 2.5YR 3/3 )

.
) ( 2.5YR 3/4 ( 2.5YR 3/3 )

.
.
90 - 55
286
55 20
2003/6/3

287
)(220
300
21 48 295 174 .
32 49 989
.
:
.
: P 17
21 48 499 382
32 50 283
. %2
. %30 . %10
%80
.
.
.
) P17 (144
) 1.22 / . ( 3 P17 P18
P17 .
P18
.
) ( 144 -

)(
)(%

)/(3
) ( %

P17
35-0
24.27
37.87
37.86
1.22
13.92
23.19
18.13
5.06
P18
20-0
14.56
27.19
58.25
1.26
12.21
30.54
20.25
10.29
45-20
9.80
17.65
72.55
1.18
20.27
32.67
21.74
10.93
80-45
10.00
13.00
77.00
21.78
31.13
21.39
9.74
8.05
.
.

288
) ( 145
) (

)/(
) /(
2+
Ca
2+
Mg
) /(
2-

)(%
Na
CO3
HCO3
CL
P17
35-0
8.05
0.359
0.10
0.05
9.20
0.09
NP
0.75
1.00
0.13
P18
20-0
7.16
0.210
0.10
0.10
1.70
0.42
NP
0.28
0.50
0.11
45-20
7.08
0.241
0.07
0.02
1.02
0.60
NP
0.03
0.53
0.08
80-45
7.29
0.143
0.10
0.05
1.10
0.33
NP
0.40
0.53
0.03
= NP
) (145
9 / 0.10 0.05 /
.
) ( 146

)(
) 100 /(

)100/(

)(%

) (
6.80
3.70
4.40
7.80
4.50
3.00
Ca2+
Mg2+
Na+
K+
P17
35-0
23.90
0.75
0.72
0.70
26.06
P18
20-0
15.50
1.90
0.69
1.62
19.71
45-20
12.92
1.58
0.76
0.84
16.09
3.51
80-45
15.10
4.35
1.27
1.89
22.60
3.39

%6.80
.
) (148
.
: P18
P18
21 48 571 399 %3 .
32 50 527
. %5
%80 .
.
80
.
289
-
%58 20-0 .
80-45 %77 . P18
) . (144

) (145
.
P18 . .

19.71100/
80-45 22.60100/ .
4.40 %3.39 20-0 80-45 .
) (149
) 144 145 (146 Typic Rhodoxeralfs
) (147
.
SC-17 . SC-18
) (K
.

.
) : ( 147
)(%
)(%
0.1( )(%
68.64
4.18
25.18
2.52
SC-17
4.40
SC-18
3.60
) /(
)( K
ND
0.42
0.90
0.05
= ND .
290
) : (148 P17

32 49 989
21 48 295
% 80
220
388
..
17
32 50 283
21 48 499
382
..
%2
% 30
% 10
35
)(
35 0
) ( 5YR 3/4 ) ( 5YR 3/3

.
< 35
2003/5/21

291
) : (149 P18
32 49 989
21 48 295
220
338
..
18
32 50 257
21 48 571
2003/5/21
399
..
%3
% 80
%5
%5
80
)(
20 0
) ( 5YR 4/3 ) ( 5YR 3/3

.
) ( 5YR 4/4 ) ( 5YR 3/4

.
) ( 5YR 4/4 ) ( 5YR 3/4

.
.
45 20
80 45
< 80

292
)(221
21 39 174
32 47 354
21 39 479 60 .
32 47 360

. .
:
.
.
: P 52
32 47 411
21 39 292 355 %4 .
%20
. %5
. %40
.
P52 %48
%18.5 .
1.24 / 3
.
P52 %6.31
. %5.88
.
P53 .
100-30
.
) (150
S39 S40

293

. S40 S40
. S39
) ( 150 -

)(%
)/(3
1.24
6.31
22.39
5.88
16.51
12.53
27.35
14.97
12.38
27.92
10.89
17.03
6.72
20.77
19.83
) ( %
)(
P52
25-0
48.15
33.33
18.52
P53
30-0
27.88
32.70
39.42
1.05
55-30
25.00
28.85
46.15
1.29
16.39
75-55
26.92
26.93
46.15
ND
16.22
27.49
100-75
28.85
26.92
44.23
ND
16.02
26.16
6.33
S39
20-0
38.10
39.04
22.86
ND
10.65
28.24
17.21
11.03
S40
20-0
23.30
33.98
42.72
ND
13.48
30.99
16.90
14.09
= ND .
P52
0.03 / .

. . %70
) ( 151 -

) (
)/(
) /(
) /
(
_
)(%
2+
Ca
2+
Mg
+
Na
2CO3
HCO3
CL
P52
25-0
8.48
0.190
0.09
0.15
0.97
0.21
0.03
0.38
0.20
70.47
P53
30-0
8.59
0.231
0.18
0.07
1.00
0.28
0.03
0.48
0.38
21.20
55-30
7.63
0.175
0.19
0.02
1.02
0.08
NP
0.63
0.25
23.80
75-55
7.65
0.167
0.15
0.02
1.20
0.07
NP
0.50
0.23
22.85
100-75
7.69
0.163
0.08
0.07
1.20
0.06
NP
0.48
0.23
26.66
S39
20-0
7.52
0.321
0.15
0.03
1.40
0.42
NP
0.70
0.75
4.09
S40
20-0
7.50
0.221
0.25
0.20
1.02
0.27
NP
0.53
0.45
11.00
= NP .
294
23.58 100 /
) (152 .

5.60 .
) ( 152 -
) 100 /(
)(
Ca2+
P52
25-0
19.51
3.44
P53
30-0
21.41
4.35
0.42
55-30
23.01
3.98
0.50
2.92
75-55
22.65
5.58
0.57
0.88
29.67
100-75
24.32
6.73
0.57
1.01
32.26
1.80
S39
20-0
22.65
3.57
0.55
1.49
28.26
7.80
S40
20-0
18.55
4.20
0.41
1.76
24.93
2.40
Mg2+
Na+
K+

)100/(

)(%

) (
0.33
0.29
23.58
4.20
5.60
2.02
28.18
4.68
18.00
29.78
1.80
5.50
1.80
16.00
4.20
28.80
3.00

(154
)

) 150 151 (152 Lithic Calcixerepts

.
: P 53
P53
21 39 325 330
32 47 419
%1 . %5
. %20
.
.
P52
30-0 P53
1.05/ . 3

295
55-30 %46
.
) (151
. P53
%26.66 100-75 .
) (152
%4.68 30-0 ) (%1.80

.
P53 ) . (152
75-55
.
) (155

.
S39: S40
S39
S40 .
S39 S40 0.221 0.321 /
.
4.09 %11.00
.
) (152
7.80 S39 2.40 . S40

S39 . S40
296
28-6 .

17 . ) (153
.
0.60/ .
) ( 153 -
SC-21
17
0.1(
3.36
58.08
30.96
)(%
)(%
) /
0.60
)(%
297

)( K
0.35
) : ( 154 P52 -
-
32 47 356
39 174
21
221
350
..
52
32 47 411
21 39 292
2003/6/11
355
..
%4
% 40
% 20
%5
25
)(
25 0
) ( 10YR 5/4 ) ( 10YR 4/4

.
< 25

298
) : ( 155 P53 -
-
32 47 356
21 39 174
% 20
221
350
. .
53
32 47 419
21 39 325
%1
>%5
100
30 0
) ( 5YR 4/4 ) ( 5YR 3/4

.

.
) ( 5YR 4/4 ) ( 5YR 3/4

.
.
100 75
. .
)(
75 - 55
330
55 - 30
2003/6/11

299
)(222

22 17 657 32 26 957
32 27 855
21 18 050 1070 .
.
:
.
: P 68
22 17 345 417
32 27 824
. %1
. %5
. %20
) ( .

. .
) 25-0 (
) . (156
) (156
P69 , P68 5.7 %4.7 .

55-25 . P68
.
.
300
) (156 -

)(
P68
)(%

)/(3
1.33
5.69
19.99
11.91
8.08
10.26
31.48
13.63
17.85
4.68
21.30
12.10
9.20
25-0
39.62
34.91
25.47
55-25
32.08
34.90
33.02
30-0
35.85
33.02
31.13
1.29
P69
) ( %

9.28 9.14 . .

) 1.173 / ( 55-25 .
. %35
) ( 157 -
) (
P68
P69
) /(
) /(

)/(
Ca
Mg
Na
CO3
HCO3
2+
2+
2-
CL
)(%
25-0
9.28
0.448
0.23
0.07
9.17
1.88
NP
0.90
0.45
33.50
55-25
9.14
1.173
0.12
0.05
6.88
2.19
NP
2.30
1.15
34.90
30-0
8.90
0.792
0.10
0.02
18.65
0.45
NP
0.55
0.98
30.00
=NP .
) (158
%2.70 .

) (158 -
Mg2+
Na+
K+

)100/(

)(%

) (
0.63
4.80
30.33
2.70
9.60
4.52
24.60
2.70
4.70
3.79
16.49
1.68
4.40
)(
Ca2+
P68
25-0
22.17
2.73
55-25
15.00
4.35
0.77
30-0
7.50
2.77
2.43
P69
) 100 /(
) (160
) 156 157 (158 Lithic Torriorthents

.
301
: P 69
22 17 949 413
32 27 171
%1 .
%40 .
%20 .
.
.
) 156 157 (158 P69
P68 .
.
P69
16.5100/ P68 30 100 / .
) (161
) 156 157 (158 P69 Lithic Torriorthents
) (159
) . %0.48 (SC-69
.

.
). (K
.
) ( 159 -
SC-69
1.5
0.1(
)(%
)(%
)(%
0.48
61.95
15.20
302

) /
(
0.12
)( K
0.44
) : ( 160 P68 -
-
32 27 855
22 17 657
% 20
222
441
..
68
32 27 824
22 17 345
..
%1
//
%5
55
)(
25 0
) ( 10YR 6/4 ) ( 10YR 5/4

.
) ( 10YR 5/4 ) ( 7.5YR 4/4

.
.
< 55
417
55 25
2003/6/22

303
) : ( 161 P69 -
-
32 27 180
22 17 850
% 20
222
414
..
69
32 27 171
22 17 949
413
..
%1
% 40
30
)(
30 0
) ( 7.5YR 6/4 ) ( 7.5YR 5/6

.
< 30
2003/6/22

304
:
)(301
22 09 630
32 48 606
100 . .
:
: S77 , S76 , S75
.
) (163
0.10 . %0.50
) . (162
.
.
500

. .
) ( 162 ) (
)(
)(%
)/(3
ND
7.46
28.71
16.46
12.25
9.70
28.94
17.35
11.59
7.67
32.67
17.20
15.47
S75
20-0
18.10
40.00
41.90
S76
20-0
21.15
43.27
35.58
ND
S77
20-0
17.31
44.23
38.46
ND
) ( %
= ND .
) (164 S76 S77

S75
16.50 19.00 100 / .
S75
.
305
) (163 ) (
) (

)/(
S75
20-0
7.15
0.227
S76
S77

) /(
2+
2+

) /(
2-
)(%
Ca
Mg
Na
CO3
HCO3
CL
0.25
0.03
1.10
0.33
NP
0.58
0.33
0.10
20-0
7.31
0.229
0.18
0.07
1.90
0.15
NP
0.55
0.35
0.25
20-0
8.17
0.316
0.18
0.07
2.15
1.09
NP
0.55
0.60
0.50
= NP
) ( 164 ) (

)(

) 100 /(

)100/(
)(%

) (
1.08
9.20
6.50
6.80
Ca2+
Mg2+
Na+
K+
S75
20-0
10.15
3.97
0.49
1.89
16.50
S76
20-0
13.42
3.52
0.68
1.39
19.00
4.26
S77
20-0
13.82
1.52
0.73
1.05
17.12
3.78
) (165
3 .
25 .
.
) (165
. .
) (165 ) (
SC-75
)(%
)(%
3.36
77.59
)
0.1( )(%
1.57
306
) /(
)( K
0.19
0.36
)(302

21 07 313
21 07 162 32 30 243
32 30 870

65 .
:
. .
: P 35
21 07 130 456
32 30 799
%3 .
%5 .
%70
.
.
.
.
10-0 35-10 .

.
P35
.
. ) (166
P36 %5.42 P35

%11.01 .

. P35
. P36
.

307
) (166

)(
P35
P36
)(%

)/(3
) ( %

1.03
11.01
28.46
24.47
3.99
16.75
27.25
21.08
6.17
26.94
14.11
12.83
15.50
9.02
17.72
13.67
10-0
23.53
42.16
34.31
35-10
22.77
36.64
40.59
1.18
20-0
27.62
39.05
33.33
1.38
5.42
55-20
30.69
28.72
40.59
1.34
13.24
24.52
75-55
25.96
25.96
48.08
15.03
31.39
P35
.

) ( 167
) (

)/(
P35
P36
2+
) /(
) /(
2+
2-
)(%
Ca
Mg
Na
CO3
HCO3
CL
10-0
7.38
0.353
0.15
0.20
3.15
1.09
NP
0.80
0.40
6.00
35-10
7.68
0.232
0.15
0.20
3.40
0.55
NP
0.70
0.35
5.00
20-0
7.95
0.353
0.15
0.10
0.82
0.33
NP
0.60
0.30
39.00
55-20
7.58
0.232
0.05
0.08
0.80
0.33
NP
2.10
1.10
36.20
75-55
7.84
0.212
0.15
0.07
0.95
0.28
NP
2.20
0.80
35.80
= NP .

31.0 100 / 4.40
. %5.30 ) (168
%65 .

6.20 100 / 10-0 35-10 .

308
) ( 168

)(
P35
P36

) 100 /(

)100/(

)(%

) (
5.30
4.40
6.00
1.50
5.00
Ca2+
Mg2+
Na+
K+
10-0
20.25
6.20
0.72
3.85
31.02
35-10
19.05
1.40
0.69
3.65
24.74
20-0
16.25
0.70
0.52
1.75
19.22
5.01
55-20
19.15
3.12
0.52
1.88
24.67
2.67
1.70
75-55
19.60
3.93
0.68
2.14
26.20
1.14
4.20
) (170
) 166 167 (168 P35 Lithic Haprenolls
.
: P 36
21 07 122
P36 32 30 836
438 %1 .
. .

.
.
.
20-0 -55
75
.

.
7.58 . 7.95
. ) (167
P36
. .

309

. %80
. ) (168
75-55 %1.14 .
) (171
) 166 167 (168 P36 Lithic Haprenolls

.

3 .
) (169
0.26 0.03 / .
.
.
) : ( 169
0.1(
75.73
0.71
64.98
10.85
SC-35
4.08
SC-36
5.64
)(%
)(%
) /
0.26
0.28
0.03
0.32
)(%
)( K

310
) (170 P35

32 30 870
21 07 162
% 70
302
440
..
35
32 30 799
21 07 130
456
..
%3
%5
35
)(
10 0
) ( 5YR 3/3 ( 5YR 3/2 )

.
35 10
) ( 5YR 4/3 ) ( 5YR 3/4

.
< 35
2003/6/3
.

311
) (171 P36

32 30 870
21 07 162
302
440
. .
36
32 30 836
21 07 122
%1
75
20 0
) ( 5YR 4/3

.
) ( 5YR 4/3 ) ( 5YR 3/3

.

.
.
< 75
..
)(
75 - 55
438
55 20
2003/6/3

312
)(303
22 26 523
32 40 934
22 32 826 572
32 40 735
.
:
3 .
: P 64
22 24 656 433
32 40 662
.%3 .
%30
.
.
P64
%52 50-20 .
) (172
1.30 / 3 .
P64 %15.14

. ) (172
.
.
) (172 S62 S63 S64
P64 .

.

.

313
) (172

P64
)(
)(%

)/(3
) ( %

20-0
26.92
39.43
33.65
1.24
7.09
21.10
12.09
9.01
50-20
18.81
28.71
52.48
1.30
15.14
26.03
15.91
10.12
S62
20-0
31.73
46.15
22.12
ND
6.70
40.06
14.56
25.50
S63
20-0
30.77
45.19
24.04
ND
6.11
35.32
12.11
23.21
S64
20-0
31.73
42.31
25.96
ND
6.20
35.48
14.35
21.13
= ND .
7.09
7.58 . P64
0.228 /
%2.00
20-0 ) (173 ) (174
.

.
) ( 173
) (
P64
20-0
7.09

)/(
0.228

) /(
2+
2+

) /(
2-
Ca
Mg
Na
CO3
HCO3
CL
0.15
0.02
1.72
0.26
NP
0.55
0.35
)(%
2.00
50-20
7.58
0.196
0.15
0.03
2.20
0.10
NP
0.58
0.23
1.73
S62
20-0
7.64
0.933
0.15
0.03
14.17
0.25
NP
0.50
0.25
7.00
S63
20-0
7.50
0.641
0.25
0.05
6.55
0.35
NP
0.83
1.38
3.00
S64
20-0
7.62
1.571
0.10
0.03
17.60
2.03
NP
0.50
0.80
0.80
= NP .

314
) (174

)(

) 100 /(

)100/(
)(%

) (
2.70
1.00
2.40
6.84
5.52
1.10
1.50
1.10
6.36
0.70
Ca2+
Mg2+
Na+
K+
P64
20-0
11.85
3.18
0.52
2.66
18.20
S62
S63
50-20
20-0
0-20
13.10
13.90
13.80
2.77
5.68
2.35
0.05
0.13
3.67
2.26
3.84
2.54
18.03
23.50
22.32
S64
0-20
11.10
5.97
2.57
4.15
23.79
) (176

P64

172 173 (174
)
Lithic RupticInceptic Haploxeralfs
.
S 62 S 63 : S 64
S62 S63 S64
) . (173
S64 1.571 / S63 .S62

14.17 6.55 17.60 / S62 S63 S64 .
S64 .

0.80. %7.00
5.5 . %6.8

.
) (174
) (175
) 2 (

315
) (175

SC-64
)(%
1.92
0.1(
)(%
)(%
72.73
4.16
) /(
)( K
0.28
0.35

316
) : ( 176 P64
32 40 790
22 24 743
303
458
..
64
32 40 662
22 24 656
. .
%3
% 30
50
)(
20 0
) ( 5YR 4/6 ) ( 5YR 3/4

.
) ( 5YR 3/4 ( 5YR 3/3 )

.
.
< 50
433
50 20
2003/6/18

317
)(304

22 08 528

32 51 728

22 09 646

32 51 197
79.5 .
:
.
: P 72
P72 32 51 364
22 09 335 530 %2 .
%60
. %30
.
P72
15-0 %58 %65
P72 .
1.14/ 3
P72 13.3 %19.7
15-0 90-65
) . (177
4.9 %9.4
.
S79 , S78
S78
S79 .
S79
S78 .

318
) ( 177

)(%
) ( %
)(
15-0
10.68
31.07
58.26
35-15
10.89
27.72
61.39
1.34
65-35
9.90
24.75
65.35
90-65
11.88
22.77
65.35
S78
20-0
25.49
39.22
35.29
13.58
S79
20-0
21.15
42.31
36.54
6.58
P72
1.14
13.3
25.98
21.10
4.88
17.37
26.13
19.58
6.55
19.58
30.30
22.00
8.30
19.73
31.48
22.06
9.47
46.85
26.19
20.66
39.67
20.61
19.06
)/(3
= ND .
) (178
0.227 /
90-65
) 0.876 / ( .
.
0.15 %0.29 .
) (178

) (
) /(
)
/(
)/(
Ca
Mg
Na
CO3
HCO3
CL
)(%
15-0
7.30
0.227
0.23
0.07
0.77
0.38
NP
0.55
1.03
0.15
35-15
7.41
0.267
0.18
0.07
1.05
0.19
NP
0.48
0.23
0.15
65-35
7.48
0.256
0.80
0.05
1.07
0.18
NP
0.60
0.30
0.25
90-65
7.58
0.876
0.23
0.07
1.32
0.09
NP
0.58
0.33
0.29
S78
20-0
7.75
0.668
0.15
0.07
3.65
1.88
NP
0.55
0.68
0.32
S79
20-0
7.73
0.526
0.14
0.38
3.15
0.51
NP
1.23
0.60
0.52
P72
2+
2+
2-
= NP

) . (179

319
) ( 179

) 100 /(
)(
P72
Ca2+
Mg2+
Na+
K+
)100/(

)(%
) (
15-0
11.37
3.12
0.8
1.88
15.89
3.79
3.10
35-15
9.82
5.12
0.43
1.64
17.07
3.48
1.17
65-35
13.80
1.95
0.48
1.26
17.50
4.90
5.20
90-65
13.37
1.12
0.55
0.76
15.80
1.98
5.50
S78
20-0
16.25
5.52
0.66
3.46
25.89
12.80
50.0
S79
20-0
12.40
4.42
0.55
2.13
19.49
7.08
16.00
) (181

.
: S 79 , S 78
) (177
S79 , S78 .
) (178 .
7.75 . 7.73
0.668 /
. %0.52
) (179 S78
%12.80
. S79
) (180 .
1.5
. .
) : (180

SC-72
)(%
+
)(%
1.5
4.98
52.73
1.93
0.1( )(%
) /(
)( K
0.32
0.14

320
) (181 P72

32 51 179
09 645
22
%30
304
480
..
72
364
22
. .
%2
% 60
< 90
15 0
) ( 7.5YR 5/4 ) ( 7.5YR 3/3

.
) ( 7.5YR 5/4 ) ( 7.5YR 3/3

.
) ( 7.5YR 5/4 ) ( 7.5YR 3/3

.
.
90 - 65
32
530
)(
65 - 35
51
09 335
35 15
2003/6/29

321
- )(305
32 34 854
21 24 504 498 .
21 24 726 32 35 430

.
:
: P 30
21 24 648
32 34 147
532 %4 .
%5 .
%80 .
.
.
P30
) . (182
20-0 P30 %6.90

.
.
. P30 S9

322
) (182

)(
P30
)(%

)/(3
) ( %

20-0
28.85
40.38
30.77
1.24
6.90
22.38
16.59
5.79
45-20
28.16
36.89
34.95
ND
15.16
30.77
16.76
14.01
20-0
38.46
44.23
17.31
ND
7.48
34.17
18.09
16.08
S9
20-0
42.57
47.53
9.90
ND
10.31
36.61
27.93
8.68
S10
20-0
32.32
47.48
20.20
ND
10.51
48.07
27.88
20.19
S11
20-0
28.43
46.08
25.49
ND
11.14
39.79
24.10
15.69
S8
= ND .
7.61 7.95
) . (183
.
20-0 %8 %16 -20
45 .
30.36 38.88 100 / .
) ( 183
) (
P30
S8

)/(
) /(
2+
Ca
2+
Mg
Na
) /(
K
2CO3
HCO3
_
CL
)(%
20-0
7.61
0.253
0.18
0.15
0.92
0.22
NP
0.65
0.25
8.00
45-20
7.95
0.183
0.15
0.02
1.02
0.13
NP
0.93
0.13
16.00
20-0
7.83
0.301
0.24
0.23
1.20
0.32
NP
0.83
0.43
14.50
S9
20-0
7.68
0.347
0.21
0.08
1.02
0.38
NP
0.78
0.23
8.46
S10
20-0
7.53
0.350
0.30
0.08
0.97
0.45
NP
0.53
0.40
5.50
S11
20-0
7.74
0.278
0.27
0.06
1.05
0.32
NP
0.65
0.55
5.72
= NP
) ( 184

)(
P30

) 100 /(

)100/(

)(%
4.47
2.30
3.45
1.10
5.94
4.00
10.60
3.40
12.40
21.10
32.99
11.20
13.00
Ca2+
Mg2+
Na+
K+
20-0
27.82
0.35
0.42
1.76
30.36
45-20
36.25
0.78
0.58
1.26
38.88
20-0
32.65
0.77
0.83
1.50
35.66
S9
20-0
31.39
1.42
0.58
1.88
35.28
S10
20-0
31.70
0.64
0.85
1.74
34.93
S11
20-0
30.14
0.85
0.50
1.50
S8

) (

323
) (186
.
: S 11 - S 8
S11 - S8
44.23 %47.53
. ) (182
.
) (183
. /
S8 0.350 / %8.46
.
.
0.14 / ) . (185 8
.
) : ( 185
SC-30
0.1(
)(%
)(%
)(%
5.52
71.01
3.72

) /
(
0.14

)( K
0.29

324
) : (186 P30

32 34 172
21 24 612
% 80
305
530
..
30
32 34 147
21 24 648
. .
%4
>%5
> 1
45
)(
20 0
) ( 5YR 4/4 ) ( 5YR 4/4

.
) ( 5YR 3/4

.
.
< 45
532
45 20
2003/5/26

325
- ) ( )(306
21 17 736
32 31 628
21 16 783 619.7 .
32 32 902

. :
: P 28
32 32 081
21 17 347 . 457 .
%20 . %5
%20 .
%80 .
.
.
.
: P 29
21 17 416
32 32 119
453 %15 .
%5 %15
. %80
.
. .
.
.
P28 P29
) . (189
P28
) (189 P29

326
P28 .
.
P29 .

.
) (189 ) (

)(
P28
P29
)(%

)/(3
) ( %

10-0
23.08
46.15
30.77
ND
6.69
30.00
16.57
13.43
35-10
28.16
40.77
31.07
ND
12.85
28.45
18.36
10.09
15-0
27.62
42.86
29.52
ND
5.97
31.21
15.61
15.60
35-15
29.52
42.86
27.62
ND
6.55
30.24
16.72
13.52
= ND .
) (190
. 7.40
35-10 P28 0.654 / .

35-10 . P28
12 %16
10-0 P28 . %4.50
) (190 ) (
) (

)/(
P28
P29
) /(
) /(
2CO3
HCO3
CL
10-0
7.36
0.260
0.19
0.04
1.30
0.23
NP
0.58
0.23
4.50
35-10
7.33
0.654
0.32
0.05
7.60
0.11
NP
0.45
1.20
15.30
15-0
7.39
0.258
0.25
0.03
1.60
0.44
NP
0.90
0.38
12.20
35-15
7.40
0.294
0.33
0.05
1.97
0.99
NP
0.88
0.30
16.00
2+
Ca
2+
Mg
+
Na
)(%
= NP .
) (191

327
P28 P29 .
.
) (191 ) (
)(
P28
) 100 /(
Ca2+
Mg2+
Na+
K+

)100/(

) (

)(%
10-0
23.01
1.06
0.56
1.63
26.27
7.38
18.30
35-10
32.80
0.75
0.82
1.39
35.90
3.93
7.40
15-0
34.95
0.68
0.53
3.28
39.43
4.43
1.10
35-15
34.47
1.29
0.66
2.52
38.90
3.20
1.40
P29
) 193 (194
) 189 190 (191 P28 P29 Lithic Calcixerolls

.
. ) (192
0.06 /
.
11

.
) : (192 ) (
)(%
)(%
0.1( )(%
SC-29
11
4.74
77.77
5.81
) /(
)( K
0.06
0.32

328
) : ( 193 P28 - ) (
32 31 960
21 17 430
306
440
..
%80
28
32 081
437
..
% 20
>%5
% 20
35
)(
10 0
) ( 10YR 5/4 ) ( 7.5YR 3/4

.
) ( 7.5YR 3/4 ) ( 7.5YR 3/3

.
.
< 35
32
21 17 347
35 10
2003/5/26

329
) : (194 P29 ) (

32 31 960
430
17
21
% 80
306
440
. .
29
32 32 119
21 17 416
433
. .
% 15
> %5
% 15
35
)(
15 0
) ( 7.5YR 5/6 ) ( 7.5YR 4/4

.
35 15
) ( 7.5YR 3/4 ) ( 7.5YR 3/3

.
.
< 35
2003/5/26

330
)(307
21 49 178
32 43 832
500 .
148 .
:
.
: P 49
P49 32 43 842
21 49 076 657 %2
%30
. %5 %80
.
.
P64
53 %73 15-0 40-15 .

. )1.39 / (3

P49
. )(195

S35 S36
.
P49 S36 , S35

331
) ( 195 -

)(
P49
)(%

)/(3
) ( %

1.39
10.90
28.12
8.15
19.97
15.05
31.24
8.51
22.73
34.10
10.53
23.57
7.68
16.36
7.70
21.16
15-0
15.38
30.77
53.58
40-15
13.59
22.33
64.08
1.20
80-40
11.88
14.85
73.27
ND
19.61
S35
20-0
16.19
32.38
51.43
ND
8.79
24.04
S36
20-0
17.31
40.38
42.31
ND
8.92
28.68
= ND .
) (196 P49
. 8.60
0.220 / .

.
) ( 196 -

) (
P49

)/(

) /(
2+
2+

) /(
2-
)(%
Ca
Mg
Na
CO3
HCO3
CL
15-0
8.60
0.220
0.07
0.05
0.97
0.33
NP
0.40
0.60
0.19
40-15
7.74
0.145
0.10
0.08
0.95
0.23
NP
0.30
0.88
0.15
80-40
8.00
0.129
0.10
0.08
0.90
0.09
NP
0.30
0.45
0.08
S35
20-0
7.80
0.140
0.10
0.06
0.92
0.33
NP
0.28
0.28
0.10
S36
20-0
7.94
0.240
0.10
0.01
1.30
0.25
NP
0.35
0.25
7.40
= NP .
) (197
.
17.62 100 /

332
) ( 197 -
) 100 /(
Mg2+
Na+
K+
)100/(
)(%
) (
)(
Ca2+
0.41
2.14
16.84
2.70
4.30
2.15
17.62
2.10
2.10
P49
15-0
10.32
3.95
1.52
16.65
2.40
2.20
40-15
9.90
5.92
0.34
80-40
8.70
5.92
0.51
14.26
2.88
1.60
S35
20-0
8.30
3.57
0.51
1.88
16.32
7.32
1.50
S36
20-0
9.10
5.19
0.64
1.38
) (199
) 195 196 (197 P49 Vertic Palexeralfs
.
S 35 : S 36
S35 S36 .
) . (195
. ) (196
S35 S36 /
.
0.10 %7.40 .
.
1.60 .
3 .
) % 5.8 .(198

.
.

SC-49
) : ( 198 -
)(%
)(%
0.1( )(%
5.82
68.12
1.66
) /(
)( K
0.26
0.21

333
) : (199 P49 -
-
32 43 832
21 49 178
< %80
307
670
..
32 43 842
21 49 076
%2
% 30
%5
80
)(
15 0
) ( 5YR 4/4 ) ( 5YR 3/4

.
) ( 5YR 4/4 ) ( 5YR 3/4

.

.
.
80 40
< 80
. .
40 15
657
///
49
2003/6/9

334
)(308
22 05 948

32 34 847

22 04 920 383
32 33 770
.
:
: S71 - S69
S69 . S70
.

3.9 %5.7
) (200
) ( 200 -

)(
)(%

)/(3
ND
5.73
35.98
12.60
23.38
3.90
26.86
10.29
16.57
S69
20-0
37.74
42.45
19.81
S70
20-0
40.19
40.18
19.63
ND
S71
20-0
29.52
ND
29.52
40.96
) ( %
5.30
29.10
13.69
15.41
= ND .
) (201 .
1.928 /
S69 0.420 0.323 / S70 S71
. S69
22 . %32

335
) (201 -
) (

)/(

) /(
2+
2+

) /(
2-
)(%
CO3
HCO3
CL
S69
20-0
7.63
1.928
5.32 18.65 0.23 0.68
NP
0.83
2.95
28.00
S70
20-0
8.01
0.420
0.19 0.23
5.25
0.65
NP
1.00
0.55
32.00
S71
20-0
7.01
0.323
0.05 0.20
1.97
0.73
NP
0.73
0.35
22.00
Mg
Ca
Na
= NP .

(202
)

- S69 S70 S71 5.40
1.90 S69 S71 . S69

S70 S71
21.42 100 / . S69

S69
4.59 100 / .
) ( 202 -

)(
) 100 /(
)
(
Ca2+
Mg2+
Na+
K+
)100/(
)(%
.S69
20-0
12.52
1.77
4.59
2.54
21.42
4.92
5.40
.S70
20-0
12.17
0.62
0.50
1.98
15.27
2.64
4.60
.S71
20-0
14.60
1.95
1.52
1.72
19.79
2.88
1.90
.
7 .
.
.
) (203 - .
) : ( 203 -
)(%
SC-69
4.92
0.1(
)(%
)(%
70.01
17.11

) /
(
ND

)( K
0.31
= ND .

336
)(309
.
. 4225 .
:
) (Transects
5 .
)(T1
22 01 971
32 47 494
P59 P60
:
: P59
443

32 47
22 05 990 683 %3 .
%10
. %30
. %80
.

.
: P 60
22 07 411
32 47 251
669 %2 .
%10 .
%80 .
.
.
. .
): (T2
22 07 390
32 47 294
- P61 .

337
: P 61
22 07 428
32 47 341
666 %2 .
%5 . %10
%80
. .
. .
): (T3
) (T3
22 08 098 .
32 45 635
. .
: P 62
22 08 085 663
32 45 679
%1 .
%10 . %5
%80
. .
.
.
: P 63
22 08 126
P63 32 45 636
664 %1 .
%60 . %5
%40 .
.
.
.
P63- P59
) S60 . (204 P61-P59 .

P62,P61,P60

338

P59
.
. ) (204
.
.
.

.
) ( 204

)(%
)/(3
29.81
50.96
1.30
63.73
1.37
)(
P59
15-0
19.23
35-15
15.69
20.58
20-0
15.38
27.89
56.73
) ( %
11.92
24.39
17.46
6.93
18.43
27.18
19.43
7.75
1.08
9.44
28.22
18.17
10.05
55-20
13.73
22.54
63.73
1.31
18.55
31.67
20.24
11.43
20-0
19.23
36.54
44.23
1.18
11.93
30.71
17.16
13.55
55-20
15.69
20.58
63.73
75-55
8.16
15.31
76.53
1.32
-
17.41
29.50
19.53
9.97
21.31
35.37
22.65
12.72
P62
30-0
14.29
25.51
60.20
1.14
11.67
28.48
22.99
5.49
P63
30-0
22.00
S60
20-0
20.39
1.34
-
P60
P61
25.00
27.18
53.00
52.43
14.93
10.05
26.95
30.41
19.84
17.47
7.11
12.94
) (205
.
0.1690.307 / . S60
P63-P59 . %2.32

339
) (205
) /(
) /(
2+
Ca
2+
Mg
+
Na
+
K
2CO3
HCO3
_
CL
)(%
0.03
1.00
0.22
NP
0.45
0.38
0.14
0.97
0.11
NP
0.48
0.30
0.17
0.24
NP
0.50
0.33
0.12
NP
0.60
0.38
2.32
0.73
0.35
0.07
0.35
0.17
0.12
) (

)/(
P59
15-0
7.04
0.195
0.16
35-15
7.10
0.169
0.16
0.20
20-0
7.04
0.232
0.15
0.02
1.15
55-20
7.23
0.235
0.15
0.08
0.97
0.12
20-0
7.12
0.275
0.13
0.16
1.12
0.29
NP
55-20
7.02
0.276
0.15
0.15
1.82
0.21
NP
0.65
75-55
7.00
0.280
0.20
0.09
1.27
0.52
NP
0.60
0.45
P62
30-0
7.36
0.307
0.15
0.02
1.25
0.53
NP
0.65
0.40
0.90
P63
30-0
7.31
0.266
0.15
0.02
1.15
0.20
NP
0.58
0.28
1.12
S60
20-0
7.44
P60
P61
0.247
0.18
0.09
1.10
0.36
0.60
NP
0.33
13.04
= NP
) (206
.
.
.
) ( 206

)(
Ca2+
P59
15-0
8.24
4.72
35-15
9.44
3.18
0.33
P60
P61
Mg2+
Na+
K+

)100/(
)(%

) (
0.42
1.63
15.01
9.00
0.60
1.64
14.60
3.60
0.20
) 100 /(
20-0
9.45
5.98
0.48
1.89
17.81
8.82
0.70
55-20
12.25
3.92
1.54
1.52
19.23
2.88
0.10
20-0
10.67
1.04
0.41
1.76
13.87
7.14
0.50
55-20
10.25
2.65
0.42
1.13
14.45
3.48
0.10
75-55
11.00
4.31
0.65
1.09
17.05
1.80
0.05
P62
30-0
14.25
2.78
0.39
3.79
21.21
5.94
0.30
P63
30-0
14.65
3.40
0.66
2.79
21.50
5.52
3.10
S60
20-0
11.28
2.71
0.41
2.00
16.95
5.34
2.60

340
) 208 (209
) 204 205 (206 P59 P60
. P62 P63
Lithic Haploxeralfs
) 210 211. (212

. )(207
SC-59
1 2

. SC-61
) (K

. SC-59 SC-62
%6
. ) (K
.
) : ( 207
)(%
)(%
) /(
)( K
73.00
1.87
0.12
0.29
2.44
0.10
0.37
6.47
0.46
0.21
SC-59
2.1
4.26
SC-61
1.5
3.30
75.90
SC-62
1.5
6.18
62.52
0.1( )(%

341
) : (208 P59
32 47 494
22 05 971
% 80
309
686
..
59
32 47 443
22 05 990
..
%3
% 10
% 30
35
)(
15 0
) ( 2.5YR 3/4 ( 2.5YR 2/4 )

.
) ( 2.5YR 3/4 ( 2.5YR 2/4 )

.
.
< 35
683
35 15
2003/6/17

342
) : ( 209 P60
32 47 294
22 07 390
% 80
309
672
..
60
32 47 251
22 07 411
669
. .
%2
% 10
% 10
55
)(
20 0
) (2.5 YR 3/4 ( 2.5YR 2/4)

:
55 20
) (2.5YR 3/4 (2.5YR 2/4)

.
.
< 55
2003/6/17

343
) : ( 210 P61

32 47 294
22 07 390
% 80
309
671
..
61
32 47 341
22 07 428
%2
%5
% 10
75
20 0
) (5YR 4/4 (5YR 3/4)

.
) (5YR 3/4

.
.

.
.
< 75
..
)(
75-55
666
55 20
2003/6/17

344
) : ( 211 P62
32 45 635
22 08 098
% 80
309
666
..
62
32 45 679
22 08 085
663
..
> %1
% 10
%5
30
)(
30 0
) ( 5YR 4/6 ) ( 5YR 3/4

.
< 30
2003/6/17

345
) : (212 P63
32 45 635
22 08 098
% 40
309
666
..
63
32 45 636
22 08 126
664
. .
%1
% 60
> %5
30
)(
30 0
) ( 5YR 4/4 ) ( 5YR 3/4

.
< 30
2003/6/17

346
)(310

21 35 339
21 34 223 32 36 785
32 37 151
154 .
:
. .
: P 46
32 36 780
21 34 373 566
%2 .
%10 .

. 10 .

. .

. .
P46 . ) (213

.

P46

347
) ( 213 ) (

)(
P46
)(%
) ( %
)/(3
15-0
26.17
42.09
31.78
1.21
8.90
24.52
10.29
14.23
50-15
26.42
41.50
32.08
1.26
11.10
22.43
10.35
12.08
75-50
27.36
36.79
35.58
ND
12.97
28.57
11.50
17.07
S29
20-0
37.25
41.18
21.57
ND
13.67
37.13
17.50
19.63
S30
20-0
33.33
40.00
26.67
ND
8.57
30.15
14.56
15.59
= ND .
) (214 8.02 8.23
70-50 3.15 / .
%62
) (%66 75-50 .
) ( 214 ) (

P46
) (
) /
) /
)/(
2+
Ca
2+
Mg
+
Na
+
K
2CO3
HCO3
_
CL
)(%
15-0
8.02
0.184
0.12
0.08
0.82
0.30
NP
0.38
0.18
61.90
50-15
8.14
0.146
0.12
0.04
1.00
0.13
NP
0.53
0.20
64.50
75-50
8.23
0.140
0.21
0.02
3.15
0.47
NP
0.50
0.38
65.70
S29
20-0
7.86
0.216
0.15
0.05
0.92
0.29
NP
0.55
0.25
30.46
S30
20-0
7.79
0.249
0.20
0.10
0.95
0.28
NP
0.55
0.40
37.12
=NP
) (215
%10.80 5.30 .
.
42100/ .
.

348
) (215 ) (

) 100 /(
)(
Ca2+
Mg2+
Na+
K+
)100/(
)(%
) (
P46
15-0
39.08
1.12
0.52
1.12
41.84
10.80
5.30
50-15
39.88
1.56
0.41
1.07
42.86
7.20
2.30
75-50
40.59
1.38
0.37
0.45
42.79
4.14
1.40
S29
20-0
37.85
1.95
0.42
1.37
41.60
10.20
5.00
S30
20-0
43.40
5.10
0.50
1.63
50.53
4.50
5.60
) (217
) 213 214 (215 P46 Calcic Haploxeralfs
.
S 29 : S 30
S29 S30 .

. P46
S29 S30 30 %37
) (215 S29 S30
S30
50 100 / . S30

%85 S29. S30
7 .
0.50 / .
) . (216
) : (216 ) (
SC-30
)(%
)(%
0.1( )(%
3.84
58.90
22.80
) /(
)( K
0.50
0.26

349
) : ( 217 P46 ) (

32 37 152
34 223
32
310
571
. .
46
32 36 780
21 34 373
%2
% 10
75
15 0
) ( 10YR 5/6 ) ( 10YR 4/4

.
) ( 10YR 4/4 ) ( 10YR 3/3

.

.

< 75
. .
)(
75 50
566
50 15
2003/6/8

350
)(311
-
21 38 764 500
32 41 435
) . (3
:
.
.
: P 44
21 38 726
32 41 438
594 %4 .
%60
.
.
.
) (218 47
%49 . 21%24
. 15-0
40-15 .
.
P44
%7.60
. %25

. ) (218

. S26

351
. S25
.
) ( 218
)(
)(%
)/(3
1.29
7.59
25.19
13.79
11.40
7.60
24.60
10.11
14.49
25.34
9.65
15.69
33.15
15.21
17.94
) ( %
15-0
47.17
31.13
21.70
40-15
49.06
26.41
24.53
1.22
S25
20-0
56.60
26.42
16.95
ND
7.23
S26
20-0
31.73
26.92
41.35
ND
10.25
P44
= ND .
) (219
. .

. %62
) ( 219
) (

)/(
Ca
) /(
P44
15-0
7.64
0.207
0.20
2+
) /(
Mg
Na
CO3
HCO3
CL
)(%
0.06
0.75
0.12
NP
0.50
0.25
46.19
2+
2-
40-15
7.80
0.168
0.15
0.05
1.00
0.09
NP
0.50
0.25
62.00
S25
20-0
7.93
0.209
0.15
0.20
1.42
0.46
NP
0.48
0.48
62.85
S26
20-0
7.76
0.306
0.24
0.04
1.00
0.20
NP
0.50
0.30
21.90
= NP .

5.22 %3.06
. 15-0 40-15 37 41 100 /
. .

10 100 / .
.

352
) (220
Ca2+
Mg2+
Na+
K+

)100/(

)(%

) (
) 100 /(
)(
9.80
0.14
0.88
37.13
5.22
1.60
P44
15-0
26.60
40-15
38.25
1.55
0.41
0.42
40.64
3.06
1.40
S25
20-0
35.85
4.20
0.37
0.71
41.14
6.84
1.60
S26
20-0
30.16
1.16
0.50
2.41
34.23
4.30
0.70
) (222
) 218 219 (220 P44 Lithic Calcixerolls
) . (3
: S25
%56
%17 .
) S25 . (218
7.93
0.209 / . .
) (219
.
%63 .
41.14 100 /

.
1.60 .
: S 26
%41
) (218 .
) (219 7.76
0.306 / .
%21
.

353
%80
34 100 / .
%4.30 0.70 .
6 5
) (K )) (0.20 .(221

%7.20
.
) ( 221
SC-44
6-5.5
0.1(
)(%
)(%
)(%
7.20
50.58
35.04

) /
(
0.35

)( K
0.20

354
) (222 P44

32 41 435
21 38 764
% 60
311
600
..
44
32 41 438
21 38 726
..
%4
///
40
)(
15 0
) ( 7.5YR 4/4 ) ( 7.5YR 3/4

.
) ( 7.5YR 4/4 ) ( 7.5YR 3/4

.
.
< 40
594
40 15
2003/6/8

355
) ( )(312
) (
21 39 286
32 40 606
.
. 129 .
:
: P 45
21 39 349 640
32 40 619
%4 .
%10
. %60
.
. P45
. P45 15-0
40-15 . ) (223

%5.64 40-15 .
9.5 %12.3
P45
) . (223

500/
. .
.
.
S27
S28 8.5 %16.00 .

356
) ( 223 ) (

)(
P45
)(%
) ( %

)/(3
1.25
9.57
28.11
17.27
10.84
1.12
12.32
27.42
18.14
9.28
15-0
26.21
38.84
34.95
40-15
23.53
31.37
45.10
8.56
31.43
12.86
18.57
15.99
38.74
21.22
17.52
S27
20-0
32.08
33.96
33.96
ND
S28
20-0
30.00
36.00
34.00
ND
= ND .
) (224
0.215 / .
.
1.0 /
.
23.80 %57.61 15-0 40-15 .
) (224 ) (

) (
)/(
P45
) /(
2+
Mg
2+
Ca
) /(
2-
+
K
Na
CO3
HCO3

)(%
_
CL
15-0
7.74
0.215
0.12
0.08
1.00
0.45
NP
0.48
0.20
23.80
40-15
7.93
0.164
0.16
0.05
0.95
0.12
NP
0.48
0.37
57.61
S27
20-0
8.65
0.195
0.20
0.02
1.10
0.45
NP
0.15
0.40
60.92
S28
20-0
7.67
0.267
0.18
0.15
1.05
0.33
NP
0.40
0.30
20.95
=NP .
%5
45 100 / 15-0 . %86

.
0.60 0.30 .
) (225 ) (

)(
P45
) 100 /(
Ca2+
Mg2+
Na+
K+
)100/(

)(%
) (
15-0
39.48
3.52
0.50
1.74
45.24
4.26
0.60
40-15
36.24
3.95
0.50
1.13
41.83
5.64
0.30
S27
20-0
26.60
3.18
0.40
1.87
32.06
5.94
4.20
S28
20-0
27.42
1.05
0.67
2.78
41.92
13.20
2.80

357
) (227
) 224 223 (225 Lithic Calcixerolls
) . (3
: S 27
0.2 / .
.
%61 . %6

32 100 / .
: S 28
S27
%21 %13
41 100 /
.
4 . ) (226
.
) : ( 226 ) (

SC-45
)(%
)(%
0.1( )(%
5.40
50.04
25.85
) /(
)( K
0.34
0.18

358
) : (227 P45 ) (
) (
32 40 606
21 39 286
% 60
312
635
..
45
32 40 619
21 39 349
640
..
%4
///
% 10
40
)(
15 0
) ( 7.5YR 3/4 ) ( 7.5YR 2/3

.
40 15
) ( 7.5YR 3/4 ) ( 7.5YR 2/3

.
.
< 40
2003/6/8

359
- )(313
- -
20 54 931 .
32 19 763
.
271 .
.
: P 54

P54

20 54 903 527
32 19 722
. %1 %5
.
.
.
.
25-15
%80 .

1.34/ 3 .
15-0 25-15 4.23
%3.54 ) . (228
. %15
.
25-15
) (228
25-15 .

360
S46 S48
S45 S47
.
.
) (228 -
)(
P54
)(%

)/(3
) ( %

1.34
4.33
21.33
10.84
10.49
ND
3.54
13.02
5.75
7.27
15.16
29.61
15.67
13.94
14.31
26.92
14.77
12.15
15.01
29.01
14.59
14.42
9.92
37.95
20.77
17.18
39.51
16.82
22.69
34.43
16.83
17.60
15-0
50.94
18.87
30.19
25-15
79.63
7.41
12.96
45-25
25.49
26.47
48.04
ND
65-45
28.85
30.77
40.38
ND
90-65
29.81
27.88
42.31
ND
S45
20-0
18.63
48.04
33.33
ND
S46
20-0
28.30
43.40
28.30
ND
5.66
S47
20-0
21.90
42.86
35.24
ND
8.06
S48
20-0
18.10
ND
42.85
39.05
5.80
28.23
14.60
13.63
= ND .

0.203/ 15-0
.
) (229 .
25-15 ) (%74.50 .
25-15
.

361
) (229 -
) /(
2+
Ca
2+
Mg
+
Na
2CO3
HCO3
CL
)(%
) /(
) (

)/(
0.10
1.02
0.35
NP
0.53
0.38
52.95
P54
15-0
8.12
0.203
0.09
0.80
0.28
NP
0.50
0.38
74.50
1.92
0.35
0.05
0.60
0.22
32.70
25-15
8.04
0.167
0.15
0.01
45-25
8.00
0.188
0.17
0.18
0.30
NP
0.53
0.30
25.45
0.45
0.03
0.68
0.25
25.18
65-45
7.90
0.185
0.18
0.01
1.25
90-65
8.05
0.182
0.15
0.02
1.35
S45
20-0
8.17
0.421
0.20
0.09
3.75
1.78
NP
0.83
0.28
1.80
S46
20-0
8.15
0.332
0.28
0.03
1.05
0.51
NP
0.83
0.55
11.80
S47
20-0
8.25
0.452
0.39
0.07
5.25
1.25
NP
0.75
0.33
20.40
S48
20-0
8.10
0.450
0.20
0.10
2.87
0.37
NP
0.65
0.53
20.20
= NP .
) (230
.

. P54
) (230 -

)(
P54

) 100 /(

)100/(
)(%

) (
2.40
3.70
3.10
2.80
Ca2+
Mg2+
Na+
K+
15-0
22.31
2.39
0.41
1.50
26.61
25-15
13.45
4.72
0.26
0.87
19.30
0.48
45-25
13.43
5.19
0.32
1.25
20.19
0.72
65-45
20.62
1.96
0.48
2.24
25.29
1.50
5.40
90-65
20.65
3.11
0.64
2.26
26.66
0.40
4.20
S45
20-0
20.20
5.74
0.74
5.33
32.01
6.48
25.00
S46
20-0
24.52
3.52
0.50
3.41
31.94
6.42
17.50
S47
20-0
31.61
1.90
0.08
1.54
35.12
4.32
5.00
S48
20-0
26.20
4.31
0.83
3.67
35.01
2.34
3.30
) (232
) 228 229 (230 P54 Limellic Haploxerepts

.

362
: S48- S45
S48-S45 43%48
.
) . (228
8.10 8.25
0.452/
. S47
) (229
S45 .
S48-S45
. 31.94 35.12 100/
14 .

) (231
.
) (231 .
) (K .
) : (231 -
SC-4
14
0.1(
)(%
)(%
)(%
6.72
62.21
12.11

) /
(
0.14

)( K
0.26

363
) : (232 P54 -
-
32 19 763
20 54 931
313
550
..
54
32 19 722
20 54 903
%1
>%5
90
15 0
) ( 5YR 5/6 ) ( 5YR 4/4

.
) ( 7.5YR 6/4 ( 7.5YR 6/3) .
) (
.
) ( 5YR 4/4 ( 5YR 3/3 )
.
) ( 5YR 4/4 ) ( 5YR 3/3

.
.
65 - 45
90 - 65
. .
)(
45 25
527
25 15
2003/6/15

364
)( )(314

32 28 024

21 16 582

32 27 014

21 21 298 200 300 .
465 ) . (4
:
.
: P 22
21 11 383 536
32 26 872
%5 .
%5 .
%30 .
. .
P22
. 15-0
.
) ( ) (233

. P22
.
.

365
) ( 233 )(
)(
P22
P23
)(%
) ( %

)/(3
15-0
17.31
47.11
35.58
40-15
17.65
39.21
43.14
20-0
12.00
38.00
50.00
1.29
50-20
16.50
27.19
56.31
1.22
1.24
-
5.64
23.72
15.06
8.66
13.11
25.54
18.63
8.71
6.52
28.38
16.36
12.02
16.07
26.57
18.36
8.21
) (234
7.88 .
P22 .

5 3 / .
) ( 234 )(
) (
P22
15-0
7.88
40-15
7.58
P23
) /(

)/(
0.366
0.20
0.338
0.15
20-0
7.67
0.360
0.07
0.02
50-20
7.30
0.156
0.11
0.09
) /(
_
CL
1.04
0.71
2CO3
HCO3
NP
2.70
3.20
NP
2.10
3.10
1.80
2.40
0.14
1.20
3.00
0.09
2+
Ca
2+
Mg
Na
0.01
1.90
0.46
0.07
5.25
0.33
1.65
0.22
NP
3.40
0.21
NP

)(%
= NP .

27.2420.85100/ 15-0 -15
40 .
.
) ( 235 )(
) 100 /(
Ca2+
Mg2+
Na+
K+

)100/(

)(%

) (
5.88
0.27
2.90
27.24
4.95
1.20
4.35
0.65
2.40
20.85
4.95
1.10
20-0
11.92
6.37
0.87
1.89
21.07
1.71
0.60
50-20
23.89
3.91
1.04
1.38
30.22
1.11
1.60
)(
P22
15-0
18.20
40-15
13.85
P23
) (237
) 233 234 (235 Humic Lithic Haploxerepts

.
: P 23
21 11 366
32 26 847
524 %5 .

366
%5 .
%30
.
P23 50
%56 . 1.29 /3

.
) (234
.
%80
30 100 /
21 100 / .
. ) (235
.
) (238
) 233 234 (235 Lithic Haploxerepts
6
25 .
) . (236
.
.
) : (236 ) (

SC-23
)(%
)(%
0.1( )(%
3.72
59.61
10.68
) /(
)( K
0.24
0.25

367
) : ( 237 P22 )(
) (
32 26 987
21 11 275
314
520
..
22
32 26 872
21 11 383
2003/5/25
536
..
%5
% 30
%5
40
) (
)(
15 0
) ( 7.5YR 5/4 ) ( 7.5YR 4/4

.
40 15
) ( 7.5YR 4/4

.
< 40
.

368
) : ( 238 P23 )(
) (
32 26 987
21 11 275
314
520
. .
23
32 26 847
21 11 366
2003/5/25
524
..
%5
% 30
50
) (
)(
20 0
) ( 7.5YR 4/4 ) ( 7.5YR 3/2

.
) ( 7.5YR 3/2

.
.
50 20
< 50

369
)(315
.
21 25 229 .
21 24 21 32 29 464
32 29 038

.
19 ) . (4
:
: P26
21 24 989
32 29 224
508 %4 .

%60 .

.
: P27
21 24 975
32 29 272
502 %1 .
%40
%60 .
P26
.
. P26
P27
. 1.42/ 3
) . (239

370
P26 %7
70-15 %11.5
.
40 .
P27
) (239 60-10 .
P26 P27
) P27 . (239
.
) (239
)(
P26
P27
)(%

)/(3
15-0
26.42
45.22
28.30
) ( %
1.34
45-15
23.81
38.09
38.10
70-45
24.76
39.09
36.19
6.94
23.42
12.50
10.92
1.35
-
11.26
25.18
13.81
11.37
11.79
23.50
13.57
9.93
10-0
32.08
41.50
26.42
1.42
4.27
20.63
11.22
9.41
60-10
25.71
40.00
34.29
100-60
25.71
30.48
43.81
ND
-
15.09
24.89
14.71
10.18
9.04
23.22
17.49
5.73
= ND .
) (240
P26 . P27
60-10 P27
0.687 / .
P26 P27 .
) (240
20.75 %17.01 P26 P27 .
) ( 240
) (
P26
15-0
7.60
45-15
7.50
70-45
P27
) /(
_
CL
15.09
15.56
2CO3
HCO3
NP
0.50
1.1
NP
0.70
0.88
)/(
2+
Ca
2+
Mg
Na
0.240
0.21
0.04
1.80
1.09
0.336
0.15
0.11
1.42
0.53
) /(
)(%
8.06
0.365
0.12
0.08
7.35
0.17
NP
0.83
0.55
20.75
10-0
7.72
0.285
0.16
0.09
9.75
0.12
NP
1.00
0.33
3.77
60-10
7.66
0.687
0.21
0.10
2.62
1.25
NP
0.68
0.25
11.88
100-60
8.40
0.125
0.31
0.04
5.50
1.41
NP
0.40
0.82
17.01
= NP .

371
) (241 P27
. P26
P26 . P27
) (241

)(
P26
P27

) 100 /(

)100/(
)(%

) (
1.65
12.80
5.00
7.10
Ca2+
Mg2+
Na+
K+
15-0
25.39
3.56
0.425
2.06
31.44
45-15
40.65
1.09
4.268
1.61
47.61
1.17
70-45
31.08
0.02
3.578
1.51
36.19
1.05
10-0
14.24
0.91
0.205
3.96
18.64
8.25
8.50
60-10
29.79
1.70
0.683
3.07
35.25
6.93
6.00
100-60
26.49
2.06
3.753
3.05
35.36
4.65
1.60
) (244-243
) 239 240 (241 P26 Xeric Haplocalcids
. P27
Typic Haploanthrepts .
) (242
40
.
) (SC-26
) . (SC-27
). (K
.

.
) : (242
SC-26
5.5
4.20
SC-27
6.5
3.00
0.1(
)(%
)(%
76.84
3.43
74.43
16.68
)(%
) /(
)( K
0.20
0.23
0.07
0.36

372
) : ( 243 P26
29 038
32
24 597
21
% 60
315
485
..
26
32 29 224
21 24 989
%4
70
) (
15- 0
) ( 5YR 5/6 ) ( 5YR 4/4

.
) ( 5YR 4/6 ) (5YR 4/4

.
) ( 5YR 4/4

.
.
< 70
..
)(
70 45
508
45 15
2003/5/26

373
) : (244 P27

32 29 038
21 24 597
% 60
315
485
. .
27
32 29 272
21 24 975
..
%1
% 40
100
)(
10 0
) ( 5YR 4/6 ) ( 5YR 4/4

.
) ( 5YR 4/6 ) ( 5YR 4/4

.
) (5YR 4/6 ) ( 5YR 4/4

.
100 - 60
502
60 10
2003/5/26

374
21 26
32 30
21 15
32 30
32 25
21 26
32 25
21 15
) : (4 ) ( 1980

375
)(316
108 .
21 48 164
32 38 386
.
:
.
: P48
21 48 428 835 %2
32 38 424
.
%60
.
. .
31
%55 3-0 45-20 .

) . (245 3-0
.
20-3 1.03 / 3
20-0
) . (247
P48
9.2 %16.1 3-0 40-20 .

600 / .
.
.
45 .

376
50

) ( 245
)(
P48
3-0
)(%
)/(3
ND
9.21
68.15
13.23
54.92
14.24
27.56
22.67
4.89
33.33
35.30
31.37
20-3
24.27
32.04
43.69
1.03
45-20
19.61
25.49
54.90
ND
S33
20-0
21.57
43.14
35.29
S34
20-0
19.23
36.54
44.23
) ( %
31.20
16.05
17.40
13.80
ND
9.93
37.87
10.43
27.44
ND
7.39
31.68
7.09
24.59
= ND .
) (246

) (

)/(
P48

) /(

) /(
2+
Mg
+
Na
2CO3
HCO3
CL
3-0
7.30
0.837
0.26
0.22
15.22
1.41
NP
1.05
0.98
0.11
20-3
7.07
0.405
0.16
0.08
4.72
0.54
NP
0.58
0.43
0.14
45-20
7.42
0.231
0.08
0.05
3.76
0.22
NP
0.45
0.28
0.19
S33
20-0
7.38
0.346
0.26
0.32
3.92
0.30
NP
0.60
0.72
6.76
S34
20-0
7.11
0.214
0.23
0.05
1.10
0.16
NP
0.35
0.23
0.19
2+
Ca
)(%
= NP .
3-0
) (246 P48
. 3-0 7.5
.

377
) (247
) 100 /(
)(
Ca2+
P48
3-0
20.94
3.78
20-3
17.09
6.35
0.90
45-20
11.12
3.95
1.09
S33
20-0
28.94
2.52
0.63
2.01
S34
20-0
14.97
0.75
0.49
2.15
Mg2+
Na+
K+

)100/(

)(%

) (
0.23
2.41
26.90
8.10
7.60
2.50
26.79
9.60
1.80
2.02
18.18
2.88
0.10
34.11
5.75
0.90
18.37
3.60
1.30
) (249
) 245 246 ( 247 P48 Lithic Argixerolls
.
S 33 : S 34
S33 S34
) . (245
S33 %6.76
S34 . %0.19
) . (246
.
S34 S33

34.11 100 / S33 18.37100/ . S34
) (248
6 .
) : (248
)(%
)(%
0.1( )(%
SC-48
4.30
70.93
2.44
) /(
)( K
0.44
0.26
378
) (249 P48

32 38 386
21 48 164
316
830
..
48
32 38 424
21 48 428
2003/6/9
835
..
%2
% 60
45
)(
30
) ( 5YR 3/4
.
) ( 5YR 4/4 ) ( 5YR 3/4

.

.
.
20 3
45 20
< 45

379
)(317

21 55 746
32 36 492
.
.
. .
: P47
21 55 801
32 36 456
767 %1 .
%50 .

. .
) (250 P47
P47
S31 . S32 P47
.

.
0.03 / .

380
2.07 /
40-20 .
19.04 %12.37 .
) ( 250

)(
P47
)(%
20-0
37.74
32.07
30.19
40-20
32.38
29.52
38.10
S31
20-0
45.79
35.52
18.69
S32
20-0
43.40
37.73
18.87
) ( %

)/(3
1.28
6.31
26.38
12.77
13.61
ND
13.40
37.00
14.42
12.58
ND
4.79
32.26
11.12
21.14
ND
6.41
35.12
13.72
21.40
= ND .
) ( 251
) /(
) (
)/(
2+
Ca
P47
2+
Mg
) /(
2-
)(%
Na
CO3
HCO3
CL
20-0
8.05
0.196
0.20
0.08
1.15
0.18
0.03
0.58
0.30
19.04
40-20
7.95
0.225
0.20
0.07
2.07
0.08
NP
0.30
0.25
12.37
S31
20-0
8.31
0.327
0.11
0.08
4.20
0.27
0.05
0.40
0.60
59.02
S32
20-0
7.48
0.149
0.04
0.09
9.20
3.13
0.03
0.55
10.00
40.95
=NP .
) (252
.
41 100 / .

) ( 252
) 100 /(
Ca2+
Mg2+
Na+
K+
)100/(
)(%
) (
)(
7.15
0.57
1.64
41.56
1.81
3.00
2.74
0.82
0.94
41.90
2.10
1.00
P47
20-0
32.20
40-20
37.40
0.35
0.62
43.19
1.20
2.80
2.33
2.24
44.54
1.50
5.10
S31
20-0
37.89
4.32
S32
20-0
37.65
2.31
) (254
) 250 251 (252 Lithic Haploxerepts

381
S31 : S32

S31 S32
) . (250
S31 S32
S31
0.327 / .
) . (251
) (251
S31 . %59
S32 . S31
S31 S32
43.19 44.54 100 / .
%1.50
. %19
S31 S 32 .
S31 S32
) . (252 S32
5.10 2.80 .
0.1
)) (K . (253
15
.

.
) ( 253

SC-47
15
)(%
)(%
0.1( )(%
4.32
50.09
27.81
) /(
)( K
0.40
0.20

382
) : ( 254 P47

32 36 492
21 55 746
317
780
..
47
32 36 456
21 55 801
. .
%1
% 50
40
)(
20 0
) ( 7.5YR 4/6 ) ( 7.5YR 4/4

.
) ( 7.5YR 4/6 ) ( 7.5YR 4/4

.
.
< 40
767
40 20
2003/6/9

383
) ( )(318
22 17 781
32 36 450
22 20 950
32 36 913
.
:
: P70
22 17 693 546
32 36 440
. %1 .
%60 .
%20 .
.
) (255
. .
P71 , P70
. %4.84
.

. P70
) . (255

384
) ( 255 ) (
)(
P70
P71
)(%
15-0
37.74
36.79
25.47
40-15
37.74
34.90
27.36
15-0
33.96
34.91
31.13
35-15
27.62
37.14
35.24
) ( %
)/(3
10.47
10.07
11.73
15.27
1.30
4.84
20.54
ND
10.69
27.00
9.79
1.39
4.13
20.42
10.63
14.32
ND
8.36
27.27
12.95
= ND .
P70
8.0 . -
- 0.486 /
15-0 .
. %23.5 ) (256
) ( 256 ) (
) /(

)/(
Ca
Mg
Na
CO3
HCO3
CL
)(%
15-0
7.93
0.486
0.25
0.02
13.40
1.70
NP
1.25
0.63
22.50
40-15
8.02
0.304
0.15
0.05
1.75
0.74
NP
0.55
0.35
24.50
15-0
8.05
0.290
0.10
0.01
1.85
0.52
NP
0.53
0.65
16.00
35-15
7.96
0.438
0.20
0.02
5.77
0.29
NP
0.55
0.78
17.10
) (
P70
P71
) /(
2+
2+
2-
= NP .

17.5 100 / .

.
3.50

385
) ( 257 ) (
) 100 /(
)(
P70
15-0
5.75
40-15
9.85
P71
Ca2+
Mg2+
Na+
K+

)100/(

)(%

) (
5.97
2.96
2.77
17.45
1.98
3.50
2.35
0.50
2.87
15.57
2.22
2.30
15-0
11.10
1.98
0.42
3.02
16.51
1.44
3.10
35-15
12.20
5.97
0.54
2.91
21.62
0.78
2.00
) (259

.
: P71
22 16 492 472
32 36 505
%1 .
%60 .
%10
.
.
. .
) (255
P71 .
.
8.0
.
.
) (256

P71 .

386
) (260
40
.
.
) (258 )(K
) : (258 ) (
)(%
)(%
0.1( )(%
SC-71
1.5
0.96
65.10
13.19
) /(
)( K
0.14
0.38

387
) ( 259 P70 ) (
) (
628
32 36
22 17 515
% 20
318
474
..
70
32 36 440
22 17 693
. .
%1
% 60
40
)(
15 0
) ( 10YR 6/4 ) ( 7.5YR 4/6

.
) ( 7.5YR 5/4 ) ( 7.5YR 4/6

.
.
< 40
456
40 15
2003/6/22

388
) ( 260 P71 ) (
) (
32 36 628
22 17 899
% 10
318
480
. .
71
32 36 505
22 16 942
. .
%1
% 60
35
)(
15 0
) ( 7.5YR 5/6 ( 7.5YR 4/6 )

.
) ( 7.5YR 5/4 ) ( 7.5YR 4/4

.
.
< 35
472
35 15
2003/6/22

389
)( )(319
62.75
600 %70
22 08 525
. 32 41 790
.
:
. .
: S72
S72 %41
. ) (261 .
S74 - S72
. S74 . %3.82

) (261
.
) ( 261 ) (
)(%
) ( %

)/(3
ND
7.70
31.00
13.81
17.19
18.87
20.56
)(
S72
20-0
31.43
41.90
26.67
S73
20-0
36.79
44.34
S74
20-0
42.06
37.38
ND
5.90
36.42
13.04
23.38
ND
3.82
29.83
10.52
19.31
= ND .
. 7.58
.
%23.50 . S72

390
) (262 ) (
) /(
) (

)/(
Ca
S72
20-0
7.58
0.248
0.20
0.03
S73
20-0
7.65
0.305
0.18
0.05
1.57
S74
20-0
7.73
0.363
0.30
0.15
3.15
2+
) /(
Mg
Na
CO3
HCO3
CL
)(%
1.62
0.13
NP
0.60
0.30
23.50
0.09
NP
0.83
0.33
27.80
0.33
NP
0.80
0.40
61.40
2+
2-
= NP .
) (263
18.33 100 / %80
8.70 .
) (263 ) (

)(
) 100 /(
)
(
Ca2+
Mg2+
Na+
K+
)100/(
)(%
S72
20-0
15.40
1.97
0.53
0.43
18.33
2.88
8.70
S73
20-0
13.82
2.35
0.44
0.92
17.53
4.68
15.20
S74
20-0
14.10
0.65
0.46
0.29
15.50
3.78
9.10
: S73
) (261
%19 %44

S73

) . (262 %28

15.00
17.5 100 / .
.
: S74
%42
%21 .

391
7.73 0.363 /
S74 .
S74 . %61
. 9.00 .
15.5100/
%90 .
.

. ) (
.
) .(264 .
.

.
) ( 264 ) (
SC-73
0.1(
)(%
)(%
)(%
4.32
67.06
20.71

) /
(
0.16

)( K
0.34

392
)(320
20 55 968
70.43 . 32 24 762
.
:
.
.
: S44 - S41
) (265 S41 S44
S42 S43 .
S41 S42 S44 .
S41 S44 .
S41 S42
.
) (265 S42
. %45
S42
.
) (265

)(
)(%

)/(3
) ( %
ND
5.47
32.00
16.77
15.23
9.52
45.93
21.14
24.79
30.05
15.54
14.51
27.63
16.02
11.61
S41
20-0
18.10
45.71
36.19
S42
20-0
26.92
48.08
25.00
ND
S43
20-0
20.19
39.43
40.38
ND
7.66
S44
20-0
20.00
41.90
38.10
ND
5.07
= ND .
7.32 8.06

0.03 / ) . (266
. %0.42
S42 0.750 /

393
0.316 / .
S42 .
) ( 266
) (

)/(
S41
20-0
7.32
0.316
0.19
S42
20-0
7.85
0.750
0.15
0.01
S43
20-0
7.70
0.233
0.90
0.03
S44
20-0
8.06
0.297
0.13
0.01
) /(
) /(
2+
Ca
2+
Mg
+
Na
+
K
2CO3
HCO3
_
CL
)(%
0.14
1.70
0.46
NP
0.55
0.90
0.18
4.20
2.80
NP
0.83
0.40
0.42
1.37
0.24
NP
0.58
0.45
0.37
1.65
0.50
0.03
0.68
0.45
0.07
= NP
) (267
S41 S42
S43 . S44
.
S42
15.00 .
) ( 267
)(

) 100 /(

)100/(
)(%

) (
6.06
4.80
15.00
6.00
8.80
Ca2+
Mg2+
Na+
K+
S41
20-0
11.01
5.86
0.43
2.62
19.92
S42
20-0
12.25
5.59
0.61
4.84
23.29
7.62
S43
20-0
8.30
5.97
0.52
2.40
17.22
1.02
S44
20-0
13.07
4.30
0.52
2.75
20.65
3.06

.
8 20
.
) (268
SC-42 20 SC-43 8 .

394
0.06/ .
) (268
0.1(
)(%
)(%
)(%

) /
(

)( K
SC-42
20
4.74
77.80
1.40
ND
0.28
SC-43
7.5
3.91
70.78
1.63
0.06
0.32
= ND .

395
)(322
21 00 654
32 17 757
21 03 009 .
32 16 500
.

.
:
.
: P55
32 17 186
21 02 203 584 %1 .
%10 .

.
.
.
) P55 (269
.
30-0
.
S51 - S49
4.3 %5.7 . P55

.

.

396
) ( 269
)(
)(%
) ( %
1.23
7.99
22.61
14.21
8.40
11.95
26.42
13.70
12.72
26.59
13.21
13.38
14.17
20.02
16.18
15.07
30-0
25.96
35.58
38.46
60-30
29.17
28.84
41.35
ND
100-60
29.52
32.38
38.10
ND
12.68
S49
20-0
33.33
50.48
16.19
ND
5.73
34.19
S50
20-0
27.62
54.28
18.10
ND
5.40
29.46
13.28
S51
20-0
30.19
47.17
22.64
ND
4.29
27.33
12.26
P55
)/(3
= ND .
P55 8.29
. 8.35
0.05 / .
0.226 / .
. ) (270
%42 100-60 .
) (270
) (
30-0
) /(
) /(
)/(
2+
Ca
2+
Mg
+
Na
+
K
2CO3
HCO3
CL
8.29
0.213
0.16
0.09
1.30
0.54
0.05
0.73
0.30
29.33
60-30
8.27
0.203
0.18
0.06
1.17
0.45
0.05
0.63
0.38
38.47
100-60
8.35
0.226
0.15
0.10
1.15
0.34
0.05
0.63
0.43
42.09
S49
20-0
7.57
7.080
0.20
0.03
54.50
3.84
NP
0.50
16.75
7.18
S50
20-0
7.66
5.380
4.75
1.37
32.00
5.48
NP
0.40
18.38
7.27
S51
20-0
7.62
5.380
4.30
0.87
22.70
1.70
NP
0.40
7.08
17.90
P55
)(%
= NP .
P55
9.51 100 / . 25

397
28 100 /
60-30100-60 0.90 %0.12 .
) (271
) (271

) 100 /(
Ca2+
Mg2+
Na+
K+
)100/(
)(%
30-0
15.44
9.51
0.73
2.76
28.44
4.68
3.90
60-30
20.22
3.53
0.66
2.86
27.27
0.90
12.50
100-60
21.05
1.50
0.40
2.01
24.96
0.12
11.00
S49
20-0
27.00
3.17
5.11
2.10
37.38
2.94
7.10
S50
20-0
18.85
2.63
3.25
3.80
28.54
2.82
13.30
S51
20-0
14.50
1.93
2.07
1.75
20.25
3.00
8.20
P55
)(
) (273
) 269 270 (271 P55 Petronodic Haplocalcids

.
S 49 S 50 : S 51
S49 S50 S51

) . (269
.7.65 7.08 / S49 5.38 / S50
S51 . S49 S50

. S51
) (270
S50 S51
S49 S50 .
) (271
.

.

7 13 .

398
9 .
2003

. .
%6
) . (272
.
) : (272
SC-55
0.1(
)(%
)(%
)(%
6.12
61.70
16.19

) /
(
0.36

)( K
0.25

399
) ( 273 P55

32 17 391
021
02
21
322
600
..
55
32 17 186
21 02 303
..
%1
% 10
100
)(
30 0
) ( 7.5YR 5/6 ) ( 7.5YR 5/4

.
) ( 10YR 5/4 ) ( 10YR 5/3

.
) ( 10YR 5/4 ) ( 10YR 5/3

.
100 - 60
584
60 30
2003/6/15

400
)( )(323

21 11 634
21 10 935 32 23 776
32 24 588
.
) . (5
:
.
: P 20

21 10 973 458 %4
32 24 309
. %5 .
%80 .

. .

. .
. ) 15-0( 1.40 / 3
.%8.60
P20
. ) (274
. P21

) (
.

401
) (274 )(
)(
P20
P21
)(%
15-0
24.76
44.76
30.48
) ( %
)/(3
1.40
5.08
19.93
11.89
8.04
45-15
23.08
45.19
31.73
1.35
9.37
22.90
11.67
11.14
25-0
21.90
43.81
34.29
1.22
6.58
21.32
12.85
8.47
60-25
20.39
41.75
37.86
1.34
11.40
26.13
13.15
12.98
85-60
18.45
36.89
44.66
12.93
24.53
14.27
10.26
110-85
18.45
38.83
42.72
12.36
25.70
14.66
11.04
P20
8.24 8.50 .
/ . P20
. ) (275
9.45 3.20 / .
0.15/ .
) ( 275 )(
) (
P20
P21
)/(
2+
Ca
) /(
) /(
2+
Mg
2-
Na
CO3
HCO3
CL
)(%
15-0
8.24
0.267
0.15
0.20
3.92
0.63
NP
0.43
0.63
0.40
45-15
8.50
0.523
0.15
0.10
9.45
0.45
NP
2.10
3.20
0.76
25-0
7.91
0.522
0.15
0.05
1.95
0.54
NP
3.20
3.40
1.00
60-25
7.82
0.198
0.15
0.05
6.02
0.54
NP
2.10
3.00
3.04
85-60
7.67
0.436
0.25
0.10
7.35
0.33
NP
1.70
3.30
4.33
110-85
7.59
0.519
0.25
0.07
6.55
0.22
NP
2.80
2.80
5.94
= NP .
P20 ) (276 .
.
15-0 %1.40 45-15

.

402
) (276 )(

) 100 /(
Ca2+
Mg2+
Na+
K+
)100/(
)(%
3.00
0.73
3.14
20.32
8.60
3.50
3.39
2.89
24.83
1.40
4.10
3.02
21.97
4.95
5.00
32.52
4.95
1.30
1.53
2.00
1.47
1.70
)(
P20
15-0
13.45
45-15
14.65
3.90
25-0
14.25
3.95
0.75
60-25
27.45
1.95
0.62
3.50
85-60
31.75
4.30
0.64
2.40
39.09
110-85
42.95
1.93
0.84
1.64
47.32
P21
) (278
) 274 275 (276 Humic Lithic Haploxerepts
) . (5
: P21
21 10 962 446 %2 .
32 24 692
%5 .
. %30
.
.
.
) (274 P21
25-060-25 85-60
110-85 . ) (7.91
) ( 7.59 110-85 .
P21

.
%70
. 85-60 110-85

403

. .
) (279
. 5
) (277 40 .

.
) : ( 277 )(
SC-21
0.1(
3.78
65.50
11.40
)(%
)(%
) /
0.12
)(%

)( K
0.31

404
) : (278 P20 )(
- ) (
32 24 588
21 10 933
%80
323
464
. .
20
32 24 309
21 10 973
458
. .
%4
%5
45
)(
15 0
) ( 5YR 5/6 ) ( 5YR 4/4

.
45 15
) ( 5YR 5/6 ) ( 5YR 4/4

.
< 45
2003/5/25

405
) : (279 P21 )(
) (
32 24 588
21 10 933
% 30
323
464
..
21
32 24 692
21 10 962
%2
%5
< 100
25 0
) ( 5YR 4/6 ) ( 5YR 4/4

.
) ( 5YR 4/4 ) ( 5YR 3/4

.
) ( 5YR 4/4 ) ( 5YR 3/3

.
.
110 85
..
)(
85 60
446
60 25
2003/5/25

406
21 07
32 30
21 15
32 30
32 23
21 15
32 23
21 07
) : (5 ) ( 1980

407
) ( )(324
- 32 26 287
21 16 582
21 14 523 32 27 014
.
). (5 4
:
.
: P24
21 24 989 442
32 26 261
%3 .
%30 . %40

. .
.
.
) P24 (280

. .
%6 .

.

P24 P25

8-7 .

408
) (280 )(

P24
P25
)(
)(%
15-0
30.19
40.56
29.25
) ( %
)/(3
1.26
5.96
22.07
12.53
9.54
40-15
28.85
38.46
32.69
1.23
11.87
22.64
13.09
9.55
20-0
20.95
42.86
36.19
1.24
5.95
21.89
13.86
8.03
50-20
18.45
38.83
42.72
1.33
12.88
26.15
15.56
10.59
75-50
19.23
40.39
40.38
11.88
25.77
14.15
11.62
90-75
25.71
41.91
32.38
10.60
23.48
12.88
10.60
) P24 (281
0.233 / .
.

.
) ( 281 )(
) /(
) /(
) (
P24
15-0
7.52
0.160
40-15
7.50
0.233
0.12
20-0
7.52
0.195
0.15
0.05
50-20
7.82
0.433
0.19
0.21
1.70
75-50
7.68
0.208
0.16
0.04
1.57
0.59
90-75
8.15
0.280
0.07
0.06
1.57
0.59
P25
)/(
Ca
Mg
Na
CO3
HCO3
CL
)(%
0.18
0.01
2.02
0.61
NP
3.30
4.00
1.37
0.08
1.90
0.37
NP
2.90
4.80
13.20
2.87
1.72
NP
3.70
3.20
14.62
0.36
NP
3.50
2.00
12.26
NP
0.48
0.68
13.70
NP
0.58
0.45
13.10
2+
2+
2-
= NP .
%80
. P24
4348100/
.
) (282
.

409
) (282 )(

) 100 /(
Ca2+
Mg2+
Na+
K+
)100/(
)(%
3.08
0.66
2.62
43.09
3.45
2.50
0.67
2.39
48.06
2.85
2.50
3.66
51.46
5.55
2.90
49.61
2.55
3.60
2.25
2.50
2.13
2.50
)(
P24
15-0
36.73
40-15
41.48
3.52
20-0
42.25
5.55
0.01
50-20
47.41
0.99
0.95
2.13
75-50
23.64
3.56
0.53
3.26
31.00
90-75
48.72
2.25
0.53
3.39
55.39
P25
) (284
) 280 281 (282 P24 Lithic Xeric Haplocalcids
.
: P25
21 15 389
P25 32 26 586
428 %1 .
%5 .
P25
) . (280 90
%5.55
P25
7.5 . 8.2
50-20 ) 0.433 / (
. ) (281

410
.
. %14.62
) (282
.
.
) (285
) 280 281 (282 Xeric Haploargids

.
) (283
. 4
) (283 )(
SC-24
0.1(
2.88
55.21
20.66
)(%
)(%
) /
0.80
)(%

)( K
0.28

411
) : (284 P24 )(
) (
32 26 287
21 14 534
% 40
324
440
..
24
32 26 261
21 24 989
442
..
%5
% 30
40
)(
15 0
) ( 7.5YR 5/4 ) ( 7.5YR 4/4

.
40 15
) ( 7.5YR 5/4 ) ( 7.5YR 4/4

.
< 40
2003/5/25
.

412
) : ( 285 P25 )(

) (
32 26 366
732
14
21
324
435
..
25
32 26 586
21 15 389
%1
>%5
> 1
< 100
20 0
) ( 5YR 4/6 ) ( 5YR 4/4

.
) ( 5YR 4/6 ) ( 5YR 3/4

.
.
) ( 5YR 4/4/ ) ( 5YR 3/4

.
90 75
..
)(
75 50
428
50 20
2003/5/25

413
5-2-2
( ) 1-5-2-2
2003/12/14
100 .
.
1.5
.
) (289 286
1.5
.
36 . %43
) : ( 286

) (
)(%
)(
)(%
15-0
38.55
46.63
14.82
40.57
30-15
26.78
50.55
22.67
42.71
45-30
24.82
50.55
24.63
36.37
) (290 287
.
1.5 .
- -
.
) : ( 287
*
)(
)(
)100/(
Ca
Mg
Na
)/(
)(%
15-0
7.60
0.709
3.60
30.00
30-15
7.51
0.845
2.70
28.40
45-30
7.75
0.629
2.19
32.00
)100/(
)(%
10.00
0.41
0.09
40.50
58.03
9.60
0.41
0.09
38.50
58.03
12.00
0.35
0.09
44.44
59.82
) : ( 288
) (
)(
15-0
38.80
30-15
39.60
45-30
38.40
) (
) (
Fe
Cu
Mn
Ni
Cd
Pb
3.44
1.84
3.25
0.12
0.11
10.80
3.56
1.54
3.70
0.18
0.14
11.60
3.59
1.68
2.86
0.12
0.13
11.50
21 45 861 556 . . .

* 32 44 653 :

414

30 40 .
11
) 288. (291
) (
) : ( 289

4
*
)(%
)(
15-0
29.73
59.37
10.90
)(%
39.32
45-15
28.75
58.39
12.86
43.11
60-45
28.75
56.43
14.82
40.40
) : ( 290
)(
)100/(
Ca
Mg
Na
)/(
)(%
)100/(
)(%
15-0
7.49
1.703
4.14
40.80
10.80
1.28
0.09
52.97
55.36
45-15
7.55
1.504
4.29
36.00
6.00
0.92
0.09
43.01
53.36
60-45
7.45
1.705
4.26
30.00
4.0
0.87
0.09
34.96
51.18
) : ( 291
)(
) (
) (
Fe
Mn
Cu
Ni
Cd
Pb
15-0
32.80
4.24
1.18
2.02
0.27
0.14
8.60
45-15
29.60
3.68
1.31
2.03
0.11
0.10
8.80
60-45
34.80
7.15
1.94
2.63
0.11
0.09
10.80
* 44 423 :
45 505
32
21 540 . . .
() 2-5-2-2
.
2003/12/14 .
) 292 . (298 %50
415
%65
%36 .
) 293 (299
%4.4 49100/ .
.
) 294. (300
) (12
2.5 ) . (300 294
.
10 11 2
) (9 8 7
) : (292 -

*
) (
)(
)(%
)(%
15-0
22.86
54.47
22.67
65.03
30-15
18.94
50.55
30.51
50.99
45-30
13.06
52.51
34.43
40.71
) : ( 293 -
*
) (
)(
)/(
)(%
)100/(
)100/(
)(%
40.20
34.20
34.20
Ca
Mg
Na
15-0
7.69
1.079
4.44
26.00
4.80
1.28
0.17
32.26
30-15
7.71
1.220
3.69
40.00
6.00
2.56
0.17
48.74
45-30
7.74
1.287
2.34
39.60
1.60
1.28
0.09
43.85
416
) : ( 294 -
*
)(
)(
) (
) (
Fe
Cu
Mn
Ni
Cd
Pb
15-0
47.20
11.85
1.44
7.80
0.12
0.15
12.25
30-15
33.60
9.30
1.17
8.60
0.13
0.18
10.85
45-30
26.40
7.45
0.76
7.30
0.13
0.13
5.55
* :
41 363
32
43 501
21 489 .. .
) : ( 295 -
)(%
)(
)(%
10
15-0
22.86
58.39
18.75
61.67
)(
11
30-15
32.67
44.66
22.67
59.61
) : ( 296 -
)(
)100/(
Ca
Mg
Na
)/(
)(%
)100/(
)(%
10
15-0
7.37
2.400
4.44
24.20
2.40
1.28
0.09
27.97
38.40
)(
11
30-15
7.45
2.150
4.26
38.40
6.00
2.56
0.09
47.05
37.50
) : ( 297 -
)(
) (
) (
Fe
Cu
Mn
Ni
Cd
Pb
10
15-0
39.20
13.40
1.47
3.20
0.12
0.12
10.65
)(
11
30-15
36.40
11.15
1.44
3.51
0.11
0.13
10.30
* :
41 363
32
43 501
21 489 . . .
) : ( 298 -
*
)(
)(%
)(
)(%
12
15-0
30.71
42.70
26.59
36.37
13
30-15
28.75
34.86
36.39
35.73
14
45-30
28.75
36.82
34.43
42.92
) : ( 299 -
*
)(
)(
)/(
)(%
)100/(
Ca
Mg
12
15-0
7.62
1.095
3.06
40.00
3.60
2.56
13
30-15
7.78
0.875
1.47
34.00
2.80
1.28
14
45-30
7.83
0.839
2.10
40.40
1.20
1.28
417
)100/(
)(%
31.25
25.90
29.01
Na
0.09
46.25
0.09
38.17
0.09
42.95
) : ( 300 -
*
)(
)(
12
15-0
40.40
13
30-15
32.80
14
45-30
36.00
) (
) (
Fe
Cu
Mn
Ni
Cd
Pb
8.90
0.42
10.05
0.08
0.09
2.43
7.60
0.35
13.90
0.09
0.12
1.88
5.75
0.26
13.05
0.08
0.09
1.33
* :
43 725
39 749
32
21 454 . . .
( ) 3-5-2-2
. 2003/12/15
) 301 304 (307
.
) (
) (302 8.0
8.2 7.30 .

) 2.6/( )0.75/( .
31 %55
.
. %5
50100/
39100/
. .
) (
.
) 9.6 ( ) . (303
418
.
40 51 ) . (309 306
) : (301
30.31
16
30-15
22.86
38.79
38.35
31.20
17
45-30
20.90
36.83
42.27
26.99
15
*
)(%
)(%
)(
15-0
20.90
34.86
44.24
) : (302
)(
)100/(
Ca
Mg
Na
7.60
1.28
0.09
48.97
1.28
0.09
48.77
49.10
1.28
0.09
59.37
50.90
)/(
)(%
15
15-0
8.00
0.758
1.80
40.00
16
30-15
8.17
0.438
1.10
40.00
8.40
17
45-30
8.21
0.418
0.65
52.00
6.00
)100/(
)(%
53.12
) : (303
)(
15
15-0
4.00
16
30-15
10.80
17
45-30
* -
) (
) (
Fe
Cu
Mn
Ni
Cd
Pb
1.61
0.22
9.65
0.08
0.19
1.75
1.48
0.17
9.10
0.09
0.10
0.94
10.40
1.39
0.15
7.55
0.07
0.08
0.88
21 606 . . . .
46 502
* 32 46 297 :
) : (304
*
)(
)(%
)(
)(%
18
15-0
50.31
42.71
6.98
47.66
19
30-15
40.51
44.67
14.82
67.12
) : ( 305
)(
)/(
)(%
)100/(
Ca
Mg
Na
)100/(
)(%
18
15-0
7.24
2.230
5.04
25.60
4.80
0.46
0.17
31.03
44.64
19
30-15
7.42
2.190
5.55
24.40
2.40
0.40
0.26
27.46
40.18
) : (306
)(
) (
) (
Fe
Cu
Mn
Ni
Cd
Pb
18
15-0
40.20
8.35
1.15
2.54
0.12
0.13
8.30
)(
19
30-15
44.40
11.95
1.24
2.89
0.14
0.14
9.50
45 825
* 32 48 378 :
419
21 428 . . .
) : (307
)(%
)(
)(%
20
15-0
42.47
46.63
10.90
63.92
21
30-15
38.55
48.59
12.86
54.22
22
45-30
36.59
48.59
14.82
56.68
) : ( 308
)(
20
15-0
7.35
)100/(
)/(
)(%
Ca
Mg
Na
)100/(
)(%
2.610
5.79
33.60
3.20
2.56
0.17
39.54
33.92
21
30-15
7.16
1.487
5.58
34.80
2.80
1.28
0.17
39.06
37.50
22
45-30
7.54
0.920
5.10
30.00
8.80
1.28
0.17
40.25
35.71
) : ( 309
)(
20
15-0
) (
) (
Fe
Cu
Mn
Ni
Cd
Pb
42.10
8.45
0.80
6.90
0.11
0.10
5.80
21
30-15
40.10
7.85
0.73
6.90
0.10
0.10
5.90
22
45-30
51.60
8.75
0.80
9.15
0.11
0.11
6.45
* .
4-5-2-2

1981 .
2003/12/16
.
.
) (310 15-0 30 15

40 30 30 0 .
) (313
1.5 %50 .
) 311 (314
420
.
%90
) (315 312
61 65 .
.
) : ( 310
)(%
)(
)(%
23
15-0
44.43
46.63
8.94
73.81
24
30-15
34.63
40.74
24.63
50.89
25
40-30
16.98
34.86
48.16
37.37
) : ( 311
)(
)100/(
Ca
Mg
Na
)/(
)(%
)100/(
)(%
23
15-0
7.33
1.081
5.37
30.40
4.00
1.28
0.17
35.86
37.05
24
30-15
7.65
0.640
5.13
27.60
2.40
1.28
0.09
31.37
21.42
25
40-30
7.72
0.557
2.19
27.20
5.20
1.28
0.17
33.86
8.04
) : ( 312
)(
23
15-0
61.40
24
30-15
65.10
25
40-30
62.00
) (
) (
Fe
Cu
Mn
Ni
Cd
Pb
17.70
2.06
3.76
0.16
0.14
8.00
20.55
2.04
5.80
0.18
0.19
7.65
14.35
1.12
11.80
0.18
0.21
3.28
22 00 649 666 . . .
* 32 48 378 :
) : ( 313
26
)(%
)(
15-0
50.31
36.83
12.86
)(%
53.98
) : ( 314
)(
26
15-0
7.20
)100/(
)/(
)(%
Ca
Mg
Na
)100/(
)(%
3.400
7.38
26.80
1.60
2.56
0.35
31.31
13.83
421
) : ( 315
) (
)(
) (
Fe
Cu
Mn
Ni
Cd
Pb
26
15-0
64.80
25.05
0.84
13.75
0.16
0.14
2.99
* :
47 922
02 090
32
22 623 . . .
5-5-2-2
. 2003/12/16 .
%50
) . (316 %60
7.66 ) 7.86 317 . (320
0.61/ .
.
.

57 63 .
) 318 (321
23 25 1.5
.
.
.
.
) : ( 316
*
)(
)(%
)(
)(%
27
15-0
54.24
32.90
12.86
51.08
28
30-15
50.31
34.87
14.82
57.69
29
45-30
50.31
30.94
18.75
42.28
422
) : ( 317
)(
)/(
)(%
)100/(
)100/(
)(%
22.78
24.10
28.57
Ca
Mg
Na
27
15-0
7.71
0.611
3.84
25.20
8.00
1.28
0.09
34.57
28
)(
30-15
7.66
0.482
2.55
31.20
1.20
2.56
0.17
35.14
29
45-30
7.74
0.469
1.44
37.60
8.00
1.28
0.17
47.06
) : ( 318
)(
27
)(
) (
) (
Fe
Cu
Mn
Ni
Cd
Pb
15-0
57.20
10.35
7.30
12.3
0.24
0.26
23.20
28
30-15
65.20
14.40
5.50
15.8
0.27
0.33
23.05
29
45-30
63.20
9.05
3.26
14.2
0.27
0.29
25.25
15 096
32
* 44 834 :
22 553 . . .
) : ( 319
30
)(
)(%
)(
15-0
60.12
21.13
18.75
)(%
25.19
) : ( 320
*
)(
)(
30
15-0
7.86
)/(
)(%
0.329
2.07
)100/(
Ca
Mg
Na
17.60
5.60
1.28
0.09
)100/(
)(%
24.75
53.57
) : ( 321
)(
) (
30
15-0
59.60
) (
Fe
6.45
Cu
0.84
Mn
10.25
Ni
0.11
Cd
0.07
Pb
1.50
)(
* :
44 835
16 505
32
423
22 504 . . .
6-5-2-2

. 2003/12/16

) (322
40 0 %85
. ) (325
) 15 0(
) 323 (326
. . 8.0

2.8/ 0.99/
.
. %1.25
30 52100/ .
.
) 324 . (327
.
) : ( 322
*
)(
)(%
)(
)(%
31
15-0
89.53
7.41
3.06
64.40
32
30-15
89.53
7.41
3.06
36.50
33
45-30
85.61
11.33
3.06
41.62
424
) : ( 323
)(
)100/(
)/(
)(%
Ca
Mg
Na
)100/(
)(%
31
15-0
7.47
2.84
1.25
25.20
4.00
0.46
0.09
29.75
61.10
32
)(
30-15
7.69
2.33
1.20
25.20
2.00
1.28
0.09
28.57
68.70
33
45-30
2.79
7.64
24.50
1.11
2.40
0.16
1.60
74.10
28.66
) : ( 324
) (
)(
31
15-0
35.60
32
)(
30-15
29.30
20.60
33
45-30
29.80
18.50
Fe
Cu
Mn
Ni
Cd
Pb
17.65
0.36
2.53
0.44
0.05
10.15
0.47
2.39
0.38
0.05
7.35
0.45
2.17
0.30
0.04
6.40
* :
52 289
32
29 988
20 302 . . .
) : ( 325
*
)(
)(%
)(
)(%
34
15-0
87.57
11.33
1.10
26.22
35
30-15
18.94
34.86
46.20
27.29
36
45-30
20.90
34.86
44.24
28.56
) : ( 326
)(
)100/(
)/(
)(%
Ca
Mg
Na
)100/(
)(%
34
15-0
7.85
0.995
1.08
49.60
3.20
1.28
0.09
54.17
35.71
35
30-15
8.03
0.423
1.02
48.00
3.20
1.28
0.17
52.66
19.64
36
45-30
8.02
0.469
0.92
49.00
1.60
1.28
0.09
52.17
21.40
)(
) : (327
) (
)(
) (
Fe
Cu
Mn
Ni
Cd
Pb
34
15-0
48.00
2.77
0.47
13.45
0.10
0.08
2.52
35
)(
30-15
50.00
2.76
0.48
16.40
0.11
0.07
1.89
36
45-30
49.60
2.73
0.44
16.65
0.11
0.07
1.94
* :
30 285
52 289
32
425
20 302 . . .
7-5-2-2
.
. 2003/12/16
1982

.
) (331 328
.
.
7.6 8.2 .
.
.
12100/
.
) 330 (333
130

.
7 11 .
.
.

.
) : ( 328
*
)(
)(%
)(
)(%
37
15-0
30.71
32.90
36.39
33.78
38
30-15
28.75
28.98
42.27
29.86
39
45-30
28.75
23.09
48.16
32.37
426
) : ( 329
)(
*
)(
)/(
)(%
)100/(
)(%
33.03
)100/(
Ca
Mg
Na
37
15-0
7.62
1.232
2.55
32.00
11.60
2.56
0.17
46.34
38
30-15
7.79
1.037
1.74
38.00
2.40
1.28
0.17
41.86
28.12
39
45-30
7.89
1.036
1.62
38.00
2.40
1.28
0.17
41.86
25.00
) : ( 330
)(
*
)(
) (
Pb
) (
Fe
Cu
Mn
Ni
Cd
37
15-0
96.20
7.15
0.70
9.25
0.12
0.13
1.39
38
30-15
50.00
6.15
0.57
13.15
0.13
0.12
0.82
39
45-30
46.80
3.79
0.52
14.70
0.13
0.10
0.76
32 02 200
44 185
* :
687 22 . . .
) : ( 331
)(
)(%
)(
)(%
40
15-0
26.78
25.06
48.16
29.84
41
30-15
28.75
28.98
42.27
21.86
42
45-30
26.04
28.98
44.98
29.73
) : ( 332
)(
*
)(
)100/(
Ca
Mg
Na
)/(
)(%
40
15-0
7.93
0.490
1.59
30.00
41
30-15
8.10
0.392
1.23
31.60
12.00
42
45-30
8.16
0.364
0.99
32.40
8.00
)100/(
)(%
12.00
1.28
0.17
43.46
25.00
1.28
0.17
45.06
21.43
1.28
0.26
41.94
23.20
) : ( 333
)(
)(
) (
Fe
Cu
Mn
Ni
Cd
Pb
40
15-0
130.80
10.95
0.39
7.40
0.11
0.10
0.45
41
30-15
90.80
7.70
0.39
9.70
0.11
0.10
0.59
42
45-30
101.20
7.25
0.36
9.35
0.12
0.11
0.59
44 700
* :
427
32 03 074
674 22 . . .
2-2
1-3-2
- :
-1 .
-2 .
-3 .
-4 .
-5 .
-6 .
-7 .
-8 .
-9 .
-10 .
-11 .
-12 .
-13 .
2-3-2
) . (Geobiosphere ) . ( Zonobiome
) ( Walter.1971 ) ) ( Biome (
Sclerophyllous plants
6
. ) (Zonoecotone
) (Ecotones
428
.
.
) ( Subzonobiomes :
.1 Mediterranean . ( Maquis ) .
.2 California ) . ( Chaparral
Arbutus spp Quercus spp
.3 Central Chile
.
.4
Eucalyptus spp
.5 Capensic region .
Olea
Eucalyptus Quercus ilex ) ( Chaparral

.
: 1-2-3-2
. Quercus ilex
.1 15 .
.2 4 .
.3 90 .
Q.ilex
Q.suber . Q.coccifera .

429
Olea ewropea Var .oleaster C. siliqua
P.lentiscus
Callitris P.halepensis .
20 .
. 8 6
( qarique
phrygana Tomillares ) Batha (

Q . coccifera J. oxycednus Cistus ssp
.Rosmarinus officinalis
. .
P. brutia
. Sclerophyllous
200 900 .
Embreger's Pluviometric Quotient

) . (2000 6 :
. 6 :
:
.1 ) ( Arid bioclimate 300 500 / .
.2 ) ( Semi arid bioclimate 500 700 / .
.3 ) ( Sub-humid 700 1000 / .
.4 ) ( Humid 1000 / .
) (2000
) (Quezel, 1977 .
)
( 2000 ) ( Zones
:
.1 . Lower Mediterranean Zone

. ) . ( Thermo Mediteranean Zone
430
.2 ) ( Eu Mediterraneam Forest
.
.3 ) ( Upper Mediterranean Zone ) ( Deciduous

) ( Upper Mediterranean Forest .
.4 ) ( Mountain Mediterranean Zone

) (Mountain Mediterranean Forest )(Coniferous
Supra Mediterranean Forest

) (Population pressure .
: 2-2-3-2
) (2000 :
.1 Thermophilous scrub .

) ( Oleo-Ceratonion
) (Ceratonion-Pistacion ) (Pistacia lentiscus
) (P.Palaestina ) ( Arbutus andrachne )( Rhuspentaphylla
300 .
.2 ) (Eu-Mediterranean Forest ) Coniferous

(Forests ) (P. brutia ) ( P. halepensis

. ) ( P. pinea
) ( Cupressus semperverens ) ( Juniperus phoenicea) (J. excelsa) ( J. druparea
) (J. oxycedrus ) (J. thurifera

) (SclerophyllousForest
.
) (Quercus ilex 1000 )( Q. ilex
) ( Calcicole
) ( Acidophilous ) ( 1000 300

400
. ) (Q.coccifera
431
-2 ) ( Deciduous ) . ( Q. fuginea
.
.
.
-3 ( Mountain Mediterranean Forest) .

) ( P. nigra . )( Mediterranean Fir Forest
-4 Oro Mediterranean forest

.
-5 ) (Forest and Woodland of arid Mediterranean

) Zizyphus lotus (Z, atlantica
) (Amygdalus sp Azonal Forest
Hygrophylous species ) (Populus alba .

: 3-2-3-2
) ( Plant associations
) ( Dominant species ) ( Characteristic species

) (Association .
. ) ( Charaecteristic species
. ) ( Community
.
) ( Association .
) ( Microclimate .
) . (Ecotypes
) ( Ecophysiological properties ) ( Ecocline
. .
) ( Wide range of habitat
) ( Ecotype ) (Biotype .
) ( Ecotone
) . ( Spurr & Barnes, 1981

432
:
.

.
: (Plant associations) 4-2-3-2
- .
) ( Floristically ) (Faithful species

) ( .
) (Phytosociological tradition
) (Community ) ( Physiognomically ) ( Floristically
. ) . ( Codominant
) ( Coassociation .
: (Plant formation) 5-2-3-2

) ( Physiognomically ) ( Species composition .

.
: 6-2-3-2
) ( Maquis ) ( Steppes .
. .
). (Johnson,1973
) . ( Gimingham & Walton, 1954

433

) ( Terra Rosa
)(Gimingham & Walton ,1954
) Batha (
.
. .
.
. .
) . ( Balta
.
) ( 31 45 32
.
) ( Zohary,1973)
. ( 1984
.
. -
) (Climax vegetiation
) (Sclerophyllous
. ) (Structural vegetation types
) . ( 1984
434
-1 :
%80-50
.
-2 ) ( :
%50-10
. ) (
.
.
-3 :
.
%10
. ) (%80 ) . (%20
.
.
-4 :
-5 :

. %60-30
-6 :
%60-30 . %80

) ( Zohary 1973 :
-1 ) -2 (Class ) -3 (Order ) (Alliance
. .
) (Gimingham , Walton , 1954
435
7-2-3-2

. canopy Barnes
(1980) Spurr .
Sharpe ) ( 1976 .

. .

:
-1 :
) (

.
Celluloid
Celludion
. Pyroxylion
) (
. Cellophane
.
adhesives .
Linoleum

436
foundries
.
. ) (

.
. .
. .
.

. .
.
gypsum . tiles
acid rinse
) . ( Panshin et. al,1962
.
-2
tannins
. .
437
. Jojoba
.

Ficus ribes

Brosimum galactodendron
. Acer saccharum
-3 :
humus
.
. ) (2003

) (1998 .
438
-4 :

). (Goor and Barney, 1976
.
) (Goor and Barney , 1976 :
) Pm( = 2 ) ( .
Meigs semiarid . extremely arid
.
Thornthwaites moisture index
Potential moisture losses

. evapotranspiration

) (
climax vegetation

geophytes

) (Naveh , 1971 .
439
-5 :
6,680,000 ) (1978 %4
. .
%0.7
.
) . (2002
( :
Eucalyptus gomphocephala E.camaldulensis Acacia cyanophylla

. Pinus halepensis ) (1996 ) . ( 1
) ( 1
.
)(
7500
100
)3
250
1500
2000
%70
%30
%100

%70
%30

440
( :
.
( :
) (1996
) : ( 2
) ( 2
200
1000
125
)(

2000
3325 .
( :
300
Cupressus sempervirens
Forest formation
Pinus halepensis
Quercus coccifara
Juniperus phoenicea Ceratonia siliqua . Maquis formation
(Zunni,1977) steppe zone

Pistacia lentiscus .

441
.
.

) (association .
.
Sarcopoterium spinosum phlomis floccose Ballota spp Urginea maritima
Eryngium spp Thapsia garganica . Zizyphus lotus
Arbutus pavarii
Olea europaea var. oleaster Rhus tripartita Phillyrea media
Rhamnus spp Pistacia lentiscus Quercus coccifera

Sarcopoterium spinosum Phlomis phloccosa Cistus sps
) (
. batha formatiom
)(
. disclimax ) 15 (
.
Eryngium spp .
.

) ( Cistus villosus Ononis spp.
Tolpis virgata Echinops spp Scilla autmnalis Calamintha spp.

Micromeria spp Reaumuria mucronata
Thymus capitatus . Cyclamen rohlfsianun
proclimaxes
).(Gimingham and Walton , 1954
442
Cupressus sempervirens
.

.
Rosmarinus officinalis
) (Zunni , 1977
.
.
.
Steppe formation
. . (LeHhouerou,1970) diffused
250 400
). (Le Houerou,1969
. Zizyphus lotus
) .(Johnson,1973
Urginea maritima Asphodulus microcarpa Artemisia campestris
Artemisia herba-alba
Thymelaea hirsuta Stipa tenacissima .

. Anabasis arliculata Atriplex halimus
. Salsola vermiculata
Aristida pungens Hammada scoparaa articulatum Zilla biparrmata

. (Johnson,1973) Retama raetam
) . (1996 :
-1 Crataegus laciniata .
-2 Juniperus oxycedrus
10 .
443
-3 Pistacia atlantica ) (5
. 1987
-4 Laurus nobilis .
-5 Populus alba .
-6 Salix safsaf .
.
-7 Tetraclinis articulata
-8 Myrtus communis .
-9 Salvia triloba .
-10 Quercus coccifera .
-11 Rhamnus lyciodes .

-12 Rhus tripartia .
-13 Thymus capitatus .

Cupressus sempervirens Juniperus phoenicea
Pinus halepensis
.
( :

) (1998 ) .(2002
) (Gimmingham and Walton, 1954

.
) ( .
.
) 1985 2002 (1998 :
-1 :
. .
-2 :
.

444
-3 :
.
-4 : .
.
-5 management problems thinning

Intermediate cuttings
.
-6
.
-7 National Forest Program

.
( .

. ) (Johnson,1973
.

Aspargus stipularis Salvia triloba
) ( .
445

) ( 1996
) ( 3
.
)(
500
500
500
1000
500
3000
3000
69000 6000
.
) (Keith,1965
)( )( 1983
. .
8-2-3-2
) . ( 1984
446
.
-1 :
) (Natural range lands
) . ( 1977
) ( Pasture .

) . ( 1991

) . ( 1977
( :
13.2 %8 .
200-50/ .
200/ . ) (4
) . ( 1980
) (4
200-50/ 100/ .
.
) ( 4
)(
)(
)(
200
403000
73000
571000
1127000
8.5
150-200
1040000
307000
470000
1817000
13.7
100-150
1185000
754000
1760000
3707000
28.0
50-100
2065000
2053000
2475000
6593000
49.8
4773000
3187000
5484000
13244000
36.0
24.1
39.9
100.0
) ( 4 %40
5.484.000 .

447
: / / /
50/
. .
) . ( 1991
50/
.
: :
335/ .
.
200/
) . ( 1991
: :
50/ .

50 / 15 .
.
) . ( 1991
: :
.
.
50/
900

) . ( 1982
900/ 500 300/
.
.
448
(1 :
.
) . ( 1991
. .
.1 ) : ( Rhus-Salsola
200 :
Rhus tripartitus Salsola tetragona Anabsis articulate

. Suaeda mollis
.2 ) : ( Euphorbia-periploca
: Euphorbia bivonae Periploca
angustifolia Salsola sp Suaeda mollis . Hammada scoparia
.3 ) : ( Atriple - Salsola comm.

:
Atriplex sp . Salsola tetragona . Hammada scoparia
. :
) (Artemisia herba alba
: Arthrophytum Anabsis articulate

Pituranthos tortosis Lotus artetious . Avena alba
.
) (alsola-Suaeda .
Atriplax gluca Thymelaea hirsuta Artemisia herb-alba
Stipa retora .Koeleria pubesoens
(2

). (Johnson, 1973
) . (Le Houerou 1964
449
- Cypressus sempcrvirens
550/ .
- Pinus halepensis
- Quercus coccifera
Arbutvs pavarii .
- Cistus partiflorus . Globularia alypum
Pistacia Lentiscus .
. .
.
(
50
. %50-30
.
( .
.
%80-30 .
( Atriplex coricea and Choenelea arabica :
450
Le Houerou 40
.
Sweco ) (1984
40 10
.
) (1984
.
(3 :

. ) (Le Houerou and Host, 1977

) (0.66
900-50/ ) ( 1996

200 150 150 100 100 50 20 50 60 /
) . (1980
.
.
(4 :
) . ( 1996
.
.
.

) . ( 1996
451
(5 :

.
.
Ghasal Ketchum 1977
- :

.
- :
.
- : 700 .
.
200/
550 .

) .(1995
) . ( 1995
452
(6

.
.
9-2-3-2
) (Paolo Della-Cella 1817

. 600
) (Dominicus Viviani ) (1824

.
) (Pampanini
) (Pampanini,1913 ) . (Pampanini,1931
) (Trotter 1915 379

453
.
.

) ( .
1965
1976
.

. 2145
%14 824 149 135 .
105 %4.8 52
%2.4 469 . %21.8

:
: )( . : ) ( . - : .
: . - : .
- : .
- : .
: ) ( . .
) ( 1985, Kotb 365
. ) (1994 ) (1997
) (1999 . ) (1884
454
) (1989 40
.
400-100
1989 ) . (1990
Bupleurum fruticosum
) (Euphorbia ) (Euphorbia arguta, E.cybirenis, - E.epithymoide
(Asparagus verticillatus) . ) 20 (thesium humile
) (Siddiqi et al,1987 Coronilla emerus L. )

). (El-Gadi et. al,1986
) (1983
100 . 330
.
1994 .
10-2-3-2
1972 .
) ( 5
:
) ( 5
1974
//
1975
//
1975
//
1975
//
1975
//
1975
//
1975
//
1975
//
1973
//
1973
455

-
30000
1973 1983 :
.
.

1973 1976
: 1985
.

. :
1972 . 1978
1956 .
.
1975 1977
.
.
.2001 1987 1956 1923

. .
.

456
.
-
1907
.
1955 1958 H.N Le Houerou
1964 1963
.
1973 :
-1 28514 .
-2 ) ( 75000 .
-3 30000 .
) ( Medic .
.
) (6
. 1975-1974
) ( 6

25000
5000
25000
84000
96000
457

. .
) ( 7 ) (
) :( 7
) (
Barrel Medic
Harbinger Medic
Torna field Medic
Snail Medic
Rugasa Medic
Vetch

Dactylis glomerata
Phalaris
Tall Fascu
Rye grass
Oats
Tritical

Atriplex halimvs
A.numuloria
A.sembocta A. glauca
Euphorbia Spp
Opuntia enermis
16 .

. 350 .

.

) ( .
: .
- :
315200
1978
.
458
.
.

25 80

.
.

. :

.
.
) ( 1978 :

459
- :
)(
200 .
) (160 2123 684 . 26
) (5 .
- :
200
. ) (200
200 120 .
30
.
5000
320 40 .
3-3-2
) (plant density ) (frequency ) (coverage
) (populations

) (biomass
) ( communities ) ( diversity ) ( productivity

) . ( Bower and Zar,1984

13 ) (
4225 ) ( .
460

.
) . 1984 . ( FAO,2000
) ( plots .
. ( Bower and Zar, 1984 ).
-1 ) ( caliper ) (Wheeler pentaprism .

-2 ) ( Haga altimeter
-3 ) ( Clinometer .
-4 ) ( Vertex
.
-5 ) ( Range Finder .
-6 ) ( GPS
-7 ) ( Increment borer
-8 .
-9 .
-10 .
-11 ) ( Spiegel relascope .
:
: 1-3-3-2
-1
GPS .
-2 ) ( strata ) ( Freese,1962
) ( 1995
.
-3 ) ( transects
) ( .
-4 ) ( Bower and Zar,1984

.
461
-5
.
-6
.
: 2-3-3-2
(
-1 .
-2 .
-3 .
-4 .
-5 .
-6 .
-7 .
( :
-1 .
-2 .
-3 ) 1 1 (
.
-4 ) 54( 5
.
-5 .
-6 .
-7 .
-8 .
( :
462
:
( :
-1
.
-2 .
-3
.
.
( :
-1 3 .
-2 .
-3 30 41 .
-4 40 .
-5 .
-6 ) ( binocular microscope
.
-7 .
463

464
) (3
4-3-2
1-4-3-2
)( 101
2003
.

106
022 25 089 32 50 .251
. 12.69.
%2
.
.
.
.

500 25 20
" " Life forms

50 5 )(4 5
. 10 ) (1
. 0.25
465
) : ( 8
100
0.93
5.73
32.12
720
0.35
0.47
2.63
140
1.02
0.21
1.18
200
0.41
0.49
2.75
540
0.30
0.32
1.79
260
2.08
14.22
10.50
58.86
180
0.36
0.12
0.67
2140
17.84
100
500
) (1 .
) ( 8 %17.84

%82
% 10.5 %59
1784/ 2 %17.84 .
%5.73 %32.12 .
%0.12
%0.67 .
) : ( 9 .
840
100
11.90
20
2.38
160
20
12.50
240
40
16.67
720
630
87.50
260
36.11
280
20
7.14
20
7.14
200
20
10.00
500

) (8 ) (9
.
%87.50 630
%16.67 40 200 ) ( 9 .
%7.14 260

466
20
%7.14
. ) ( 9
%36.11 %2.38 .

.
) : ( 10
12
50
12.5
20.83
8.33
8.33
24
100
100
%24 %50
) .( %20.83
%12.5 %3 . %2
%8.3 .

%60 .
) : ( 11
5.73
128.12
36.15
0.12
1.15
0.21
0.49
3.39
0.82
24
9.94

128.1 / 36.15 / 1.15/
0.21/ 3.32 /
0.82 /. 9.94
467
. .
.
) : ( 12 .
60
80
80
80
20
40
20
60
100
200
540
720
260
180
140
) (12 540 720 %80

260
%20 %20 ) 140 ( %20

.
468
) ( 102

22 08 586
: 32 55 448
22 09 778 .
32 54 589

. 325 % 2.5 .

2003
1 2 1000
022 08.726 % 2.5 52
) (1 o32 55.309
) (1 32 55.690
022 08.726

36 .
.
50
101.
) : ( 13
/2
5.61
12.84
2.84
6.50
3.06
1.89
525
0.95
1.07
40
4.80
7.1
3.25
1225
0.47
0.11
1.34
10
4.00
8.31
14.00
0.83
205
0.26
0.12
0.24
0.54
10
3.50
7.07
16.00
0.70
1.60
525
2.78
6.12
12.19
32.13
73.54
2540
43.69
100
2000
. %43.69
%32.13
%73.54
%0.24 %0.54
.
469
) (16/15 ) (1
) 530 ) (2 (2025
. ) .(2
) (1 ).(2
) : ( 14 )(1
590
0.83
1.15
0.56
20
2.55
2.15
13.00
0.43
530
0.38
0.07
0.36
10
3.00
0.71
8.00
0.07
410
0.26
0.12
0.51
20
3.50
7.07
16.00
1.41
780
2.78
6.12
12.19
47.73
2360
%
6.78
57.29
) : ( 15 )(2
460
1.25
1.13
5.21
60
5.56
8.75
5.25
1920
0.50
0.13
2.51
10
5.00
15.91
20.00
1.59
270
2.78
6.12
12.19
16.53
2720
31.09
) :( 16 .

45
11.11
2025
170
8.39
630
31.11
1485
480
32.32
__
__
800
53.87
580
50
8.62
1.59
0.86
2000
% 32.32 %8.62
101 .
470
. 5 % 0.86
.
) (16

%0.65.
) (2 50
21.8 4.16 %5.28

%15.6 .
) : ( 17 .
5.58
25.49
4.29
19.61
0.43
1.96
5.58
25.49
1.29
5.88
1.72
7,84
1.72
7.84
1.29
5.88
21.10
100
233
%21.1 . %5.58
%25.49 %4.29 %19.61
%1.72 .% 7.84
%1.29 .%5.88
. % 1.96
.
.
.%30
) : ( 18
5.99
95.84
49.6
28.56
259.32
149.65
471

259.32 / 149.6 /
95.84/ 49.6/
.
) ( 19
80
100
20
60
40
30
525
1225
10
525
205
%100
1225 /
%80 525 / %60 525 / %40
/ 205 %20
%30 .
472
) ( 103
2003
.
.

.
:
) ( 1
) ( 2

) (1 1000 2 32 54.959
22 05.665 %10 62 ) (2
1200 2 32 55.191 022 05.678 %25
37 .
) : ( 20
/2
13
0.33
0.15
0.02
0.02
436
0.93
1.38
6.01
8.81
0.65
0.16
0.006
0.01
39
0.75
0.26
0.10
0.14
13
0.40
0.01
17
1.81
2.68
0.45
0.65
0.15
0.02
713
0.35
0.14
0.99
1.45
25
0.91
0.37
0.09
0.13
473
)(20
/2
92
1.15
0.57
7.45
0.52
0.07
134
6.48
32.29
21.79
43.27
63.45
79
0.48
0.21
0.16
0.23
0.60
1.23
0.05
0.07
25
2.48
3.00
12.67
0.75
1.09
396
2.55
3.65
14.10
14.45
21.9
21
1.46
0.76
0.16
0.23
13
2.88
3.46
0.45
0.65
21
1.10
2.41
0.51
0.74
2.63
2.38
0.21
0.30
2067
68.19
100
2200
%14.45 %43.27 %21.90 %63.45 .

. %6.01 %8.81
.
% 63.73 % 4.46 .
% 94.16
.
.% 5.84
6.48 21.79
) ( 22 / 21 ) (1
) (2
) %31.45 ( 117.63 ) (2
20 ) (1 6 . ) (2
) (1
) ( 2
) (1 ) (1
.

474
) ( 21 )(1
180
0.84
3.13
70
0.71
0.28
0.19
10
1400
0.35
0.14
2.01
50
1.46
0.92
6.67
0.46
2.25
2.17
14.05
23.15
500
2210
%
5.64
31.45
) ( 22 )(2
25
0.33
0.15
692
0.96
0.93
%
0.04
6.43
0.65
0.16
0.01
1.10
0.16
0.01
25
0.40
0.01
33
1.81
2.68
0.89
0.15
0.02
25
0.60
0.36
0.09
50
0.91
0.37
0.19
133
1.04
0.45
7.75
0.59
268
6.48
32.29
21.79
86.53
158
0.48
0.21
0.33
0.60
1.23
0.10
50
2.48
3.00
12.67
1.50
292
3.08
6.19
14.19
18.04
42
1.46
0.76
0.32
25
2.88
3.46
0.86
42
1.10
2.41
1.00
17
2.63
2.38
0.40
1908
117.63
475
) ( 23
449
13
2.90
34
17
50.00
61
43
82.69
992
50
5.04
230
23.19
101
8.91
144
3.47
3.47
104
25
24.04
30
16.67
514
118
22.96
26
19.23
2200
2
118
%22.96 %50 17
134 5
%3.47

% 23.19 5 .
) (2 120
14.6 3.05 % 8.11

% 27.48 .
) ( 24
7.11
64.29
1.19
10.71
0.40
3.70
1.98
17.86
0.40
3.70
11.08
100
253
) (24 %11
%7.11 %64.29 .
%2 %17.86

476
% 1.19 %10.71
% 0.40 .% 3.70
) ( 25
0.62
3.97
2.23
8.85
122.13
61.42
21.40
218.28
135.25
0.16
0.25
0.16
0.11
0.55
0.27
) (25
218.28 /

135.25 /
. 122.13
/ 61.42 /.
Cumulative .
) ( 26
60
60
80
100
20
40
750
18
1338
27
) ( 26
%100 1338 / .
%80 ) 18 / ( .
%60
) 40 / (
750 / . %20
) 27 / ( .
% 80
) 18 / (
477
)(104
2003
58.32
.
. .
.
.

) (1 1000 2 0 32 54.497
0021 48.531 %35 10
0 021 47.841
) (2 1000 2 0 32 54.543
17 ) (3 1700 2
0 021 48.366 25
0 32 54.474
.
) (1 ) (2 ) (3
85 .
478
) : ( 27
%
/2
750
0.77
1.92
33
1.20
1.83
/
-
14.41
44.05
0.60
1.83
1.69
1.64
0.13
0.39
67
0.55
0.15
0.10
0.30
18
0.78
1.00
0.18
0.55
180
0.94
0.54
5.50
0.97
2.96
50
2.34
5.40
16.60
2.70
8.25
446
0.67
0.39
1.73
5.28
27
2.26
3.43
13.33
0.93
2.84
1.75
3.36
0.17
0.52
27
6.16
27.33
37.15
7.38
22.56
27
0.88
0.76
0.20
0.61
10
0.28
0.28
0.03
0.10
41
3.69
7.23
16.35
2.96
9.05
2.50
0.44
0.01
0.03
37
1.33
0.34
0.13
0.40
31
0.46
0.27
0.08
0.24
1760
32.71
100
3700
%14.41
%44.05
Climax Species % 7.38
%22.56
%2.96 %9.05
.
) (30/29/28 ) (1
) (2 ) (1 ) ( % 35
) (2 . %20 ) (2
) (1 ) . (2
) (3

%7.38 1700 .
) (3
) (1 ).(2
479
) ( 28 )(1
930
0.59
1.54
14.34
110
0.60
0.19
0.21
20
1.23
0.25
500
0.98
0.72
3.59
440
0.67
0.19
0.84
10
1.50
5.94
0.59
20
0.58
0.91
0.18
30
4.00
5.94
16
1.78
110
1.33
0.29
0.32
70
0.50
0.31
0.22
2240
22.31
) ( 29 )(2
860
0.58
1.95
2.50
16.79
40
0.79
2.30
26.00
0.92
10
0.40
0.20
0.02
90
1.59
2.61
7.00
2.35
65
0.62
6.78
80
2.26
3.43
13.33
2.75
50
0.25
0.16
15.11
0.08
3.60
8.95
13.40
4.48
50
2280
34.16
) ( 30 )(3
460
1.12
2.00
5.95
9.21
59
1.61
1.36
5.80
0.80
24
1.69
1.64
2.00
0.39
89
0.15
0.06
0.06
24
0.88
1.14
0.27
41
0.89
0.26
0.11
59
3.10
8.20
16.60
4.84
832
0.87
0.74
19.40
6.13
2.00
0.79
0.05
82
6.16
27.33
37.15
22.41
12
0.40
0.13
0.02
30
0.28
0.28
0.08
41
3.61
6.11
20.00
2.51
12
2.50
0.44
0.05
24
0.41
0.24
0.06
1795
46.98
480
) (31 .
754
0.53
227
47
20.70
4.31
139
66
39.75
20
10
54
7.40
33
6.06
630
108
17.14
76
12.06
37
10
27.02
46
8.69
19.56
43
18.60
18.60
10
20.00
57.14
200
4.5
150
75
114
10
8.77
104
91.22
3700
) (31
%57.14 3 4
) 8 (
.
27 /
191 9 . % 4.5
%20.70
47 /.
150 %75
16.
) 8 (
.
% 91.22
)(31
. .
481
560 / -:
450 90 4 10 2 4
) . (3
) (2 10
15 3.1 % 0.69
%14.60 .
) ( 32
1.46
6.67
0.49
2.22
11.65
53.33
2.43
11.11
1.94
8.89
0.97
4.44
0.97
4.44
0.49
2.22
1.46
6.67
21.84
100
206
) (32 %11.65
%53.33
geophytes

.

. % 11.11 .
206 %21.84
.
482
) (33
.
) ( 33

/
61.65
13.73
136.48
2.83
20.74
11.32
0.13
0.45
0.25
0.15
0.30
0.11
) (33
%13.73 %136.48
61.65 /
20.74 / 11.32 /.
) . . ( 33
) ( 34
70
20
10
10
40
10
10
70
20
750
18
20
50
181
37
33
1338
) (34
%70 1338 .
.
" " invaders

%40 181 .
%10 20 50 37 33 .
%20 18
. %20.
483
) ( 105 ) ( 105
2003 105
882.77 . .
.
. .

.
.

) (1 32 55.919
021 43.686

41 500 2 ) (2
) (1 32 55.907
21 1 325

720 2
0 021 42.826 1000 2

) (3 0 32 55.864
) (4 32 55.736
021 42.876

1000 2 .%40
50
484
) ( 35
/
/2
18
0.47
0.5
0.09
0.27
143
0.42
0.15
0.21
0.63
515
0.91
1.65
8.52
8.50
25.78
35
0.53
0.41
0.14
0.42
15
0.32
0.05
0.01
0.03
21
0.55
0.22
0.05
0.15
41
0.65
0.16
0.06
0.18
10
0.90
0.52
0.05
0.15
23
2.73
5.97
1.27
1.37
4.15
0.30
0.13
0.01
0.03
801
0.61
0.37
2.97
9.01
33
0.77
0.42
0.14
0.42
292
1.01
1.00
2.92
8.85
94
0.42
0.20
0.19
0.57
18
0.33
0.26
0.05
0.15
33
2.00
4.68
6.08
1.54
4.67
235
2.23
4.09
4.89
9.61
29.14
1481
0.62
0.34
5.04
15.28
3860
32.96
100
4 3220
) (35 %9.61
%29.14
" " dominant 235

%8.50 %25.78
. %5.04
%15.28 %2.92 %8.85

" " Secondary Succession
.
. ) %1.37 (
%1.54 % 4.67
20
.
485
) (39/38/37/36 )(1

. ) (2
. ) (3
) (4
. ) (4
) 14 13 (
.
) ( 36 )(1
640
1.11
1.13
40
3.00
7.07
2.83
840
0.84
0.61
5.12
%
7.24
400
1.06
1.02
4.08
60
0.43
0.15
0.09
1840
0.56
0.28
5.15
3820
24.51
) ( 37 )(2
70
0.74
0.51
139
1.15
2.79
3.87
84
0.55
0.47
0.40
153
0.62
0.14
0.22
14
0.30
0.13
0.02
42
0.38
0.07
0.03
98
1.22
1.45
4.50
1.42
14
0.95
0.57
0.08
709
2.13
3.89
6.61
27.57
14
1.00
0.03
1337
%
0.36
33.97
486
) ( 38 )(3
810
0.75
1.68
6.00
10
0.35
0.03
10
1.00
0.38
0.04
30
2.18
4.73
1.42
950
0.50
0.26
2.44
10
1.50
1.04
0.10
420
0.94
0.94
3.95
170
0.45
0.23
0.40
70
0.33
0.26
0.18
160
2.58
4.76
9.96
7.62
10
0.25
0.03
2950
0.65
0.42
12.39
5600
%
13.65
42.19
) ( 39 )(4
570
0.42
0.16
470
0.84
1.94
9.14
140
0.53
0.41
0.57
50
0.31
0.03
0.01
40
0.90
0.52
0.21
20
3.00
5.61
10
1.12
1370
0.55
0.30
4.10
120
0.71
0.36
0.43
250
0.95
0.87
2.17
130
0.31
0.14
0.18
130
2.00
4.68
6.08
70
2.38
4.53
9.40
3.17
1120
0.64
0.21
6.00
2.35
20
0.30
0.05
0.01
4500
%
0.08
30.42
487
) ( 40 .
14
15.91
0.58
88
56
63.64
186
43
23.12
518
73
32
43.83
305
214
70.16
87
28.52
900
99
11.00
36
8.33
300
1.00
1.67
1.67
110
16
14.55
51
9.80
10
19.61
13
25.49
1038
171
16.47
42
3.76
632
60.88
2080
63
3.03
536
25.77
37.50
4 3220
171
) ( %16.47 235
32 16 /
. 56 /
%63.64 . ) ( 40

. .
%25.49
) 2080/(
.
735 710 13
5 3 ) (3 ) (2
36 13.8 2.9
% 1.53 % 8.44 .
) (3.
488
) ( 41
%
0.95
3.45
1.44
5.17
0.96
3.45
0.96
3.45
2.15
7.75
0.24
0.86
14.59
52.59
2.63
9.48
1.67
6.03
2.15
7.75
27.75
100
418
) ( 41 %27.75
%14.59 %52.59 .
%2.63 %9.48
%2.15 %7.75 .
%1.67 %6.03 .
%1.44 %5.17 .
.
%0.96 %3.45
.
)(42
) ( 42
0.16
0.49
0.28
16.60
170.98
91.63
8.17
67.48
29.09
27.75
50.23
) (42 %16.60
%170.98/
489
91.63 / . 67.48 /
29.09 / %0.16
0.28 / .
50.23
.
) ( 43
. 105
) ( 43

40
313
50
515
55
801
35
1481
143
30
292
15
65
82
20
10
30
10
18
10
35
33
10
94
40
) (43 %55%50
515 801 .
%40 %35 1481
%3 292 /
%10 %15 .
35
%5
143 82 33 .
.
490
) ( 106
2003
. 265.30 .

.
.

660 ) (1
32 55.376
021 39 . 445

48
%45 ) (2 32 55.453
021 39.596
42 1000
%20 .
) (2 .
50 .
. 101
) ( 44 -
/2
962
0.74
1.42
9.76
13.66
10.71
53
1.17
0.35
0.18
0.14
336
1.30
4.54
1.71
15.25
11.96
108
2.68
6.50
2.69
7.02
5.50
834
0.46
0.52
4.33
3.39
25
0.28
0.05
0.01
0.007
154
1.43
1.58
2.19
2.44
1.91
300
0.76
2.30
5.60
6.9
5.41
1274
3.39
6.09
7.60
77.55
60.87
46
0.80
0.10
0.05
0.03
2.50
0.28
0.02
0.01
4100
127.44
100.00
1660
491
%60.87
%77.58

) ( 46/45 ) (1 160.21
) (2 %95.03 .
) (1 ) (2 ) (2 )(1
).(2
) ( 45 )(1
1333
0.75
1.53
7.50
45
1.37
0.18
0.08
152
1.10
8.11
12.29
%
20.42
197
2.65
6.43
2.00
12.66
1379
0.48
0.62
16.83
8.55
258
1.57
1.83
4.72
561
0.78
2.45
6.00
13.75
1379
3.66
6.35
1.00
87.60
91
0.80
0.10
15.94
0.09
15
2.50
0.28
0.04
5409
160.21
) ( 46 )(2
590
0.73
1.18
14.88
60
1.03
0.48
0.29
520
1.37
3.50
2.21
18.19
20
3.00
7.27
9.50
1.45
%
6.96
290
0.38
0.04
0.13
50
0.28
0.05
0.02
50
0.76
0.35
13.50
0.17
40
0.53
0.27
0.11
1170
3.08
5.79
15.40
67.61
2790
95.03
492
) ( 47 .

499
158
31.66
1031
69
6.69
100.00
71
18
25.35
179
71
39.66
989
132
13.35
54
1.00
23
2.33
14.81
192
38
19.79
13
38.46
361
61
16.90
1846
476
25.79
55
2.98
96
5.20
1660
%25.79
476 / 1274 .
.
% 39.66
) . ( 47
.
) (
.
96
% 5.20 5.
5 ) (3 .
) (2 305 17.7
3.52 % 25.52
. % 24.60
493
) : ( 48 -
0.46
5.26
3.67
42.11
4.59
52.63
8.72
100
218
) ( 48
%50
% 42.11 % 0.46
%5.26 .
) : ( 49
- .
4.09
6.63
3.65
13.04
78.81
34.01
0.17
0.76
0.30
77.36
560.71
286.23
8.72
13.52
) ( 49
.

560.71 / 286.23 /
.
78.81 / 34.01
/

6.63 / 3.65 /
0.76 /
0.30 / .
13.52 .
) ( 50
494
) ( 50
- .
70
50
90
50
40
30
20
15
1274
336
962
300
154
834
53
) (%90
962 ) ( %70 1274
%50 .
%40 154 %30 834
%20 53
) ( % 15 .
495
) ( 107
2003
%2 . %28 .
.
2655 .
) (1
0 020 58.029 64
0 32 38.014
0 020 50.041
%4.5 ) (2 032 37.804
88 %2 ) (3 0 32 37.641
0 020 50.413 156 % 28

) (3 .
( 54 )
.
) : ( 51
/2
20
0.28
0.05
0.01
0.03
1263
0.53
0.75
9.56
35.91
20
1.77
1.10
0.22
0.82
213
0.42
0.12
0.25
0.93
47
3.36
5.25
20.71
2.47
9.27
593
0.33
0.09
0.53
1.99
1.63
0.76
0.05
0.18
110
0.54
0.23
0.26
0.97
60
0.29
0.14
0.08
0.30
397
2.02
3.30
11.97
13.10
49.21
47
0.62
0.20
0.09
0.33
2777
26.62
100
20002
496
) (51 % 13.10
%49.21 .
%9.56 . %35.91 ) (51

%2.47 %9.27

%26.62
.
) ( 54/53/52 ) (3 )(1
) (2 ) (1
1640 / 1260/ 890 / ) (2 ) (3
. ) (3 ) (3
) (1 ) .(2
.
) ( 52 )(1
1640
0.26
0.40
6.49
360
0.34
0.09
0.34
800
0.29
0.06
0.51
80
0.35
0.13
0.10
20
0.50
0.33
0.07
2900
7.50
) : ( 53 )(2
1260
0.81
1.32
60
1.77
1.10
0.66
20
0.40
0.05
0.01
140
3.36
5.25
20.71
7.35
%
16.63
660
0.37
0.11
0.71
80
0.45
0.05
0.04
2220
25.41
497
) ( 54 )(3
/
%
0.03
60
0.28
0.05
890
0.64
0.62
5.52
260
0.55
0.17
0.43
320
0.35
0.17
0.53
20
1.63
0.76
0.15
170
0.69
0.38
0.65
180
0.29
0.14
0.25
1190
2.02
3.30
11.97
39.31
120
0.64
0.18
0.22
3210
47.10
) ( 55 .

137
70
51.09
47
34.31
1350
30
2.22
20
1.48
57
4.22
100.00
47
27
57.45
100
234
17
0.26
14
5.98
1.71
714
74
10.36
0.90
47
6.58
100.00
68
5.88
5.88
494
80
16.19
24
4.90
17
3.44
165
2.42
4.24
114
69.09
2000
) (55 ) 80 /
( %16.19 .
) ( 30 .
) (55
) (55

)
(
498
87 15.8
3.21 %6.36
%32.65 ) (2 .
) : ( 56 .
33.49
76.87
4.22
9.70
3.90
8.96
0.97
2.24
0.32
0.75
0.32
0.75
0.32
0.75
43.50
308
) (56 ) ( %76.87) (% 33.49
%0.97
%2.24
%0.32 . %0.75
) ( 57
.
0.20
0.32
0.17
0.22
2.08
0.77
0.22
0.72
0.23
9.83
89.26
33.32
13.12
119.13
68.75
43.50
37.08
) (57
119.13/ 68.75/
89.26 / 33.32 /
2.08 / 0.77 /
499

37.08
.
) ( 58
.
35
100
75
40
15
20
10
10
55
393
1263
660
213
110
20
60
) (58 ) ( %100
) 1263 / (
%75
%35 393 /
660 / %40 213 / .
%20 20 /
%15 110 /
%10 / 7 /60 .
%55
500
) ( 108
2003
386.7 . %35

) (1 .

) (1 1000 2 32 35.984
020 44.214 %35 50
) (2 ) (1 300 %25 85
2000. 2
. ) (54
501
) ( 59
/
3.72
12.98
275
0.64
1.35
7.92
27.64
73
3.27
10.85
1.57
43
1.18
1.05
0.45
38
3.69
12.47
10.8
4.74
16.54
15
0.73
0.57
0.08
0.27
3.33
14.14
1.13
3.94
35
0.41
0.17
0.06
0.20
25
3.40
8.62
9.00
2.15
7.50
278
1.66
2.69
8.51
7.47
25.07
120
0.89
0.53
0.64
2.23
2.20
3.80
0.11
0.38
15
1.45
1.20
1.47
0.18
0.62
926
28.65
100.00
3000
) (59 % 7.92
% 27.64
. % 7.47
% 25.07 . % 4.74 % 16.54
Pistacia terebinthus
Pistacia lentiscus ).(59
) (1 )) (2 (61/60
) (1 %46 ) (2 %10.58 ) (2
) (1 )(2
) (2 ) . (1 ) (1

) (2
.
) (1 ) (2
) (1 ). (2
502
) ( 60 )(1
250
1.38
1.66
4.00
4.14
120
3.44
11.84
24.00
14.21
80
1.21
1.10
0.88
60
3.83
13.55
12.00
8.13
10
4.00
19.64
1.96
50
3.40
8.62
9.00
4.31
460
1.62
2.55
6.51
11.74
100
1.26
0.69
1.94
0.69
30
1.45
1.20
1.47
0.36
1160
46.00
) ( 61 )(2
300
0.03
1.10
3.31
25
2.48
6.12
1.53
0.70
0.38
0.02
15
3.17
8.18
6.00
1.23
30
0.73
0.57
0.17
2.00
3.14
5.00
0.16
70
0.41
0.17
0.12
95
1.87
3.42
18.22
3.25
140
0.63
0.43
0.60
2.20
3.80
0.19
690
10.58
) (62
.
) ( 62 .

288
13
4.51
123
50
40.65
46
6.52
43
18.60
501
223
44.51
145
10
6.90
15
10.34
223

278 % 44.51
50 73
.
) (62 ) (62

503
15 %10.34
10 . 33
29.3 5.17 % 4.61
% 35.76 ) (2 .
) ( 63 .
0.06
0.23
0.08
3.80
59.00
24.39
0.67
4.64
1.53
8.28
76.41
17.29
0.31
1.33
0.63
2.15
24.30
11.8
) (63
24.39/ 59.00
%3.80 % 8.28
17.29 76.41/ .
11.8 24.3/ .
1.53/ 4.64/
/ 0.63 0.08/
. . ) (64
) ( 64
70
40
30
50
20
60
30
275
73
43
120
35
278
25
%70 275
278
%60
. %50 120
. % 40 73
43 35
%30 % 20
.
25 .%30
504

)( )( 201
2003
201 .
. 774.32 .

. ) (1 2000
2
021 14 526 146

32 45 546
) (2 1000 2 32 45 193
021 14 021 170 .

.
.
) ( 65 ) (.
/2
78
1.11
0.98
0.76
3.21
2.50
0.79
0.02
0.08
50
0.97
0.7
0.85
3.59
358
0.47
0.13
0.49
2.07
10
0.73
2.60
0.26
1.09
33
0.92
1.37
0.45
1.90
95
0.46
0.21
0.20
0.84
358
2.58
5.62
14.00
20.12
85.10
178
0.58
0.28
0.49
2.07
1163
23.64
100
30002
505
%20.12
%85.10
%0.85 %3.59 % 0.76

% 3.21
.
% 0.49 % 2.07

% 23.64 .
) ( 67/66 1480
%60 . .
. 840 . .
.
) ( 66 )(1
135
0.87
1.01
2.50
0.79
3.00
0.20
40
0.99
1.79
3.52
645
0.48
0.13
4.26
25
1.60
1.47
1.84
140
0.40
0.25
1.77
145
3.14
11.64
16.38
84.36
345
0.57
0.24
4.10
1480
%
6.79
106.84
) ( 67 )(2
20
2.75
0.79
1.57
60
0.97
1.66
9.94
70
0.42
0.22
1.51
20
0.73
2.60
4.00
5.19
40
0.50
1.31
5.23
50
0.64
0.12
0.61
570
2.44
4.09
11.61
23.32
10
1.00
1.77
1.77
840
49.14
506
) ( 68 ) (.

78
6.4
406
48
11.82
20
10
50.00
73
40
54.79
6.85
481
123
25.57
10
2.08
206
28
13.59
30002
358
) (68 123
% 54.79 % 50

70
23.4 4.31 11.05 2
% 7.74 % 24.71 ) (2 .
) (69 .
) ( 69 ) (.
4.55
18.18
13.64
4.50
20.46
4.55
18.18
0.50
2.27
18.18
22
100.00
200
) ( 69 %22
%4.5 .
%4 %18.18

507
%3 % 13.64 . %1
. %1 %7.5

) :( 70 ) (.
0.68
8.26
2.58
0.02
0.27
0.10
0.93
16.12
7.37
0.38
6.19
2.76
1.26
20.29
10.02
23.58
505.79
249.95
249.95 /
505.79 / . . %23.58
%1.26 10.02/
20.29 / 7.37/
16.12/ 2.76 /
6.19 / .
.
).(71
) ( 71
) (.
10
10
40
40
70
20
10
10
100
33
178
353
363
85
%70 363

. 353 %40
%40 % 178
% 20 10 100
%10 .
508
)(202
2003 .
.
79 .
. . %34-32
.
500
021 24.449 %32 407
32 37.270
21 304.825 408
32 47.214
.
%34 .
.
50
20 1 2
.
) ( 72 .
/2
20
0.50
0.13
0.02
0.04
700
0.78
0.95
6.67
16.59
30
1.25
5.63
1.68
4.17
20
0.40
0.05
0.01
0.02
40
0.26
0.06
0.02
0.04
10
0.30
0.10
0.01
0.02
190
1.06
0.38
0.72
1.79
50
1.07
0.15
0.07
0.17
610
3.27
5.08
30.98
77.06
10
1.20
0.20
0.02
0.04
1680
40.2
100.00
7.00
9.08
1000
509
) ( 72 %30.98
%77.06 .
% 6.67 %16.59 .
) (72
.
) ( 74/73 ) ( 1
) (2 .
) (2 ) . (1
.
) ( 73 ). (1
20
0.50
0.13
0.03
580
0.85
1.17
7.00
6.78
60
1.25
5.63
3.38
60
0.25
0.07
0.04
40
1.20
0.14
0.06
100
1.07
0.15
0.15
660
3.31
5.64
8.93
37.22
1520
47.66
) ( 74 ). (2
20
820
0.74
0.80
6.56
40
0.40
0.05
0.02
20
0.30
0.05
0.01
20
0.30
0.10
0.02
340
1.05
0.41
1.39
560
3.23
4.44
9.27
24.86
20
1.20
0.20
0.04
1840
%
0.00
32.9
510
) ( 75 .
2410
2090
86.72
300
12.45
730
20
2.74
10
1.37
90
50
55.56
190
10
5.26
70
20
28.57
10
14.29
1520
750
49.34
160
10.53
160
10.53
10
10
100.00
1000
) (75 750
%49.34 610 ) ( 72

) (75 160
.. .
160 .
300/ %12.45
) (2 .
) (76
.202
) ( 76
10.56
29.21
2.43
6.74
0.40
1.12
4.47
12.36
6.91
19.10
6.50
17.98
2.43
6.74
0.40
1.12
0.81
2.25
0.40
1.12
0.40
1.12
0.40
1.12
36.17
100.00
246
511
%36.17
%10.56
%29.21 . %6
%19.10 %17.98 . %4.47
%12.36
%2.43 %6.74
%0.81 %0.4 %1.12

.
) :( 77
/
1.69
66.96
34.48
0.07
0.95
0.35
6.89
124.57
43.82
30.74
536.72
242.23
0.53
2.52
1.02
36.17
57.42
242.23 /
536.72 / 43.82 / 124.57/
34.48
66.96/ %0.53
1.02/ 2.52 /
) ( 78
80
10
30
40
10
50
10
10
65
770
25
40
680
75
205
60
105
) (78
700 %50 610
%80 190 %30
. %20
40 20 30 50
.
512
)(203

. 2003 217.6 .

) (1 32 30 787
021 10 453 401 % 7 500. 2

) (2 32 30 700
021 10 630 7 407 % 3
1000 . 2

20 2 .
.
) :( 79
/2
565
0.23
0.05
0.28
0.40
435
0.72
0.76
3.31
4.81
0.40
0.02
400
0.24
0.19
0.76
1.10
0.25
0.03
325
0.91
0.55
1.78
2.58
10
0.88
0.15
0.01
0.01
10
1965
1.72
3.16
6.70
62.09
90.22
40
1.25
1.49
0.59
0.85
3770
68.82
100
1500 .
2
) (79
%62.09
%90.22 1965
. ) ( %3.31
% 4.81 565/.

513
) ( 79
.
) (81 / 80 ) (1 ) (78.13
) (2 ) . ( 46.12 )(1
) (2 ) (1 ).(2
) ( 80 ).(1
20
80
0.26
0.20
0.16
540
0.54
0.73
3.94
320
0.18
0.06
0.19
280
0.85
0.63
1.76
20
0.00
2040
1.43
3.83
6.05
78.13
60
0.67
1.80
1.08
3360
85.26
) ( 81 ).(2
1050
0.23
0.04
330
1.02
0.82
10
0.40
0.02
0.00
480
0.28
0.29
1.39
10
0.25
0.03
0.00
%
0.27
2.71
370
0.96
0.50
1.85
20
0.88
0.15
0.03
1890
2.04
2.44
7.43
46.12
20
3.00
0.56
0.11
4180
52.48
) : ( 82
1505
940
62.46
470
20
4.26
15
3.19
40
30
75.00
950
445
46.84
105
11.05
325
1.54
2380
380
15.97
280
11.76
35
1.47
1500
514
) ( 82 ) 2380 (
380 1965 %15.97 .
) 280 / (
) (nitche
. .
. ) ( 83 .
) ( 83
.
1.97
15.78
6.57
52.63
3.28
26.31
0.65
5.26
12.5
100.00
152
%12.5 .
%6.57 52.63
%3.28 %26.31 %1.97 %15.78
%0.65 %5.26 .
) ( 84 .
61.60
125.54
55.32
3.37
28.38
9.84
%61.60
1255.40 553.16
%10
%3.37 9.84
28.38 / .

515
) ( 85 .
100
100
40
80
60
10
1965
560
325
400
435
1965
%100 560
%100 435 %60
400 %80 325
. %40 %12.5 .%10
516
)(204
2003
%35 325 .

1000 ) (1
2
021 31.521 446
32 38.048

%37 ) ( 2 32 37.689
021 31.145 %35 422
517
) ( 86
/2
45
0.48
1.46
0.65
1.41
130
0.48
0.12
0.15
0.32
840
0.90
1.15
2.50
9.66
21.07
85
5.76
8.16
9.41
6.93
15.11
390
0.42
0.10
0.39
0.85
5.00
3.14
13.00
0.16
0.34
35
1.29
0.10
0.04
0.08
180
0.60
0.31
0.56
1.22
135
0.25
0.07
0.09
0.19
530
2.86
5.13
11.99
27.18
59.29
20
1.50
0.13
0.03
0.06
2395
45.84
100
2000
%45.84
%27.18
%59.29 .
% 9.66
% 21.07 % 6.93
% 15.11

.
.
) (88/87
) (1 %37 %41.11
) (2 %35 %13.37
. ) . (1 ) (2
) (1 . ) (2
%37.15 %54.82 ) (2
) (1
) (1 ) (2 .
518
) ( 87 ). (1
80
0.53
1.65
1.32
250
0.48
0.13
0.33
1140
0.82
0.79
9.01
10
5.00
19.64
14.00
1.96
400
0.44
0.09
0.36
10
5.00
3.14
13.00
0.31
30
2.17
0.10
0.03
40
1.24
0.85
0.34
790
3.10
5.20
10.88
41.11
40
1.50
0.13
3.50
0.05
2790
54.82
) ( 88 ). (2
10
0.10
0.01
%
0.001
10
0.50
0.10
0.01
540
1.08
1.92
2.50
10.37
160
5.81
7.45
9.13
11.92
380
0.41
0.12
0.46
40
0.64
0.11
0.04
320
0.53
0.25
0.79
270
0.25
0.07
0.19
2.17
4.95
15.25
13.37
270
2000
37.15
) ( 89 .
3.45
30
3.45
15
1.72
10
2.30
15
6.82
90
40.00
175
21.21
20
50.00
145
10
6.90
870
15
1.72
80
35
43.75
90
5.56
435
35
8.05
100.00
220
25
11.36
2.27
225
825
295
35.76
40
2000
519

295 % 35.76
. ) (175
%21.21 .
) ( 89 .
.
.
) .(90
) ( 90
13.145
45.161
0.938
3.225
0.938
3.225
0.469
1.612
0.469
1.612
0.469
1.612
0.938
3.225
3.755
12.903
2.347
8.064
1.408
4.838
0.469
1.612
2.347
8.064
1.408
4.838
29.10
100.00
213
) ( 90 %29.10
. %13.15 %45.16
%3.76 %12.90 %2.35 %8.04
%2.35
%8.06 .
% 0.938 %3.23
. ) ( 90-
. ) ( 91 .

520
) ( 91
%
11.38
147.598
62.021
0.03
0.201
0.096
0.04
0.172
0.098
26.91
410.108
165.227
0.99
4.819
2.088
29.10
12.86
) (91
%26.91 410.11 /
165.22 / .
%11.38 147.60 /
62.02 /
4.82 / 2.09 /
%0.99 .
%0.04
0.172 / 0.098 / .
)(%0.04
0.201 / 0.096/ .
. ) (92 .
) ( 92
80
60
40
20
30
20
840
530
390
135
180
85
%80
840 / %60 %40 % 30 %20 %20
530 390 180 135 85 /

.
521
)(205
205 2003
- 356
. %10

) (1 32 50.526

32 50.520

)(2

021 56.434
02156.274 . ) 700 (1 ) 500 (2 .
400 .

. 50
) 5 4 (
) 1 (2 .
) (93 %21.89
%34.60 .
%63.26 . %7.57
%21.87 %3.72 %10.75 .

) (1 ) (2 %65
.
" "
.
522
) ( 93 .
/2
0.79
2.28
7.57
21.87
0.95
559
0.43
0.14
1010
0.56
0.75
20
1.60
1.65
0.33
154
0.08
0.04
0.06
0.17
146
0.28
0.05
0.07
0.20
37
0.63
0.20
0.07
0.20
17
0.64
0.21
--
0.03
0.08
886
0.72
0.42
3.72
10.75
10
0.35
0.10
0.01
0.02
1904
1.73
1.15
9.08
21.89
63.26
37
1.28
0.17
0.06
0.17
4780
34.60
100.00
1200
) ( 95/94 ) (2
) (1 ) (1
) ( 2 ) (2 ) (1
) (2 ).(1
) (94 ). (1
98
0.33
0.06
840
0.48
0.74
6.24
308
0.08
0.04
0.12
252
0.24
0.03
0.07
14
0.9
0.38
0.05
14
1.00
0.04
0.01
252
0.74
0.35
0.88
1008
1.66
1.17
6.85
11.75
14
0.70
0.20
0.03
2800
%
0.06
19.21
523
) ( 95 ). (2
1020
0.44
0.15
1180
0.62
0.76
40
1.60
1.65
0.66
40
0.55
0.20
0.08
60
0.57
0.17
0.10
20
0.40
0.10
0.02
1520
0.72
0.44
6.63
20
0.35
0.10
0.02
2800
1.76
1.15
7.48
32.12
1.42
0.17
0.10
60
6760
%
0.80
9.01
49.54
) ( 96 .

3996
2602
65.11
835
20.89
386
100
26.00
140
36.26
1034
48
4.64
0.77
100
9.67
40
40
100.00
3315
1239
37.37
256
7.72
172
5.18
47
10
21.27
1200
) ( 96 1239
) (1 ) (2 %37.37
256 / %7.72
172 %5.18
.
%65.11 3917 / 835
%20.89
.

. ) ( 95
.
29
13 2.81 5.94 2
% 1.72 % 7.27 ) (2 .

524
) ( 97 .
%
12.26
76.47
1.41
8.82
0.47
2.94
1.88
11.76
16.02
212
%16.02
%12.26 %76.47 .
%1.88 % 11.76 %1.41
%8.82 %0.47
% 2.94
.
) ( 98 .
21.94
250.55
127.03
3.76
8.19
4.24
7.63
103.49
40.04
127.03
250.55/ %21.94
% 7.63 40.04 /
103.49/ 4.24
8.19/ . .
) ( 99
100
70
100
40
50
50
10
1010
886
1904
154
146
559
1904 1010
%100 886 %70
%50 146 559
. %10
525
)(206
2003

245.
%5
.
) (
.
1000 2
022 21.606

32 48
) (1 ) (2 : .607
425 .
526
) ( 100 .
4.62
15.71
/2
625
0.61
0.74
10
1.50
0.57
0.06
0.20
1380
0.45
0.25
3.45
11.73
20
0.40
0.07
0.01
0.03
640
0.34
0.26
1.66
5.64
300
2.47
4.63
9.86
13.89
47.26
1840
0.75
0.31
5.70
19.39
4815
29.39
100
2000
) ( 100 % 13.89
% 47.26
%5.70
.
. )) (2 (101 1996 )(1

) (102 ) (1 ) (2

) (1
45 15 . ) (1 %50 )(2
73 52 . 5

) ( 101 ). (1
/
730
0.65
0.78
1540
0.51
0.27
20
1.50
0.57
0.11
10
1.00
0.20
0.02
220
0.37
0.29
0.64
1940
1.11
0.51
9.89
450
2.14
1.31
8.39
5.90
4910
%
5.69
4.16
26.00
527
) ( 102 ). (2
/
520
0.56
0.70
1220
0.39
0.22
30
0.20
0.03
0.01
1060
0.34
0.26
2.76
150
3.48
14.62
14.29
21.93
1740
0.36
0.10
1.74
4720
%
3.64
2.68
33.00
) : ( 103 .
650
20
3.08
0.77
1695
170
10.03
145
8.55
30
10
33.33
860
50
5.81
170
19.77
775
105
13.55
370
47.74
2870
515
17.94
0.17
515
17.94
2000
) ( 103 105 300
) (1 ) ( 2

.

.
370
) ( 103 ) (3 .
) ( 104 .
%
1.98
9.32
0.99
4.65
0.49
2.32
10.39
48.83
0.99
4.65
1.98
9.32
0.49
2.33
0.49
2.32
1.48
6.97
1.48
6.97
0.49
2.32
21.25
100.00
202
528
) ( 104 %10.39
%50 %48.83
%21.25 .
%1.98 % 9.32 % 1.48
%6.97 %0.99 %4.65

%0.49 . %2.32
) ( 105
) ( 105 .
4.63
107.87
36.16
5.61
34.55
12.67
23.90
334.6
141.96
) ( 105 % 23.9
334.60 / 141.96/
%4.63 107.87
36.16 / 34.55 /
12.67 / ) (
) . ( 106
) ( 106
100
100
30
50
70
20
1840
1380
300
640
625
) ( 106
%100 . 1840
1380 . 640 625
%50 %70 300
. %30
529
)(207
) 207 ( 2003
.
.

32 45.104
022 27.320 400 500 2
022 28.239 375

32 44.603
) 1000 (2 %10
.
.
50
20
1
.
530
) ( 107 .
245
1.21
4.20
10
0.50
0.20
170
0.43
0.12
25
0.28
0.16
80
0.81
0.86
0.69
290
0.32
0.12
0.34
1.16
265
2.59
6.69
10.83
17.72
60.45
1085
29.31
100.00
/2
10.30
35.14
0.02
0.06
0.20
0.68
0.04
0.13
2.35
15002
%17.72
%60.45
%10.30
. %29.31

%70
.
) ( 109/108 ) (1
%10 ) (2 ) (1
) (2 ) (1 ) (2 ) (2
) %44.25 ) (1 ( %21.57 ) (2
) (1 .
) ( 108 ). (1
150
1.33
5.88
8.88
20
0.40
0.16
0.03
10
0.00
330
3.18
10.73
11.52
35.40
510
44.25
531
) ( 109 ). (2
340
1.17
3.47
11.81
20
0.50
0.20
0.04
320
0.44
0.12
0.38
40
0.28
0.16
0.06
160
0.81
0.86
1.37
580
0.32
0.12
0.68
200
1.62
3.61
9.70
7.21
1660
21.57
) ( 110

255
10
3.92
45
20
44.44
530
90
16.98
150
28.30
335
70
20.90
10
2.99
15002
) ( 110
70 %20.90
. 245
10 . 25 / 20
%44.44 25/
) . ( 110
20
25 4.54 11.92 2
% 2.38 % 11.14 ) (2 .
) . ( 111
532
) :(111
4.32
12.67
19.71
57.73
0.96
2.81
0.96
2.81
3.36
9.85
1.92
5.63
0.48
1.40
0.48
1.40
0.96
2.81
0.48
1.40
0.48
1.40
34.11
208
) ( 111 % 34.11 .
%19.71 % 57.73
. .
%4.32%3.36 % 12.67 % 9.85

% 5.63 % 1.92
%0.96
%2.81 %0.48
% 1.4
) . ( 112
):(112 .
0.69
4.25
1.90
18.99
294.34
182.30
11.46
312.85
114.02
34.11
32.41
182.30 294.34
114.02
312.85
1.9 .
533
32.41
. ) ( 113 .
) ( 113
60
60
10
30
40
245
290
80
10
265
290 245 265 %40

%60 .
10
% 30 %10 80 .
.
534
)(208

2003 .
94.22 .
.
:

. .
. 21
52 39 .
.

. ) (1 1000
32O 51.014
:
021O 13.415 260 ) (1
.
.

)20 ( 2
.
) (2 ) (1
500

535
022O 13.750 280
32 O 51. 336
.%2.5
) ( 114 .
/2
3.41
6.07
0.79
1.40
620
0.77
0.55
11.67
570
0.43
0.14
6.61
630
0.64
0.59
3.71
90
0.36
0.19
0.17
0.30
50
1.14
3.12
1.56
2.78
2090
0.26
0.08
1.67
2.97
56
0.15
0.03
0.01
0.01
520
0.26
0.07
0.36
0.64
140
0.99
0.64
0.89
1.58
330
0.63
1.50
4.95
8.82
720
0.36
0.22
1.57
2.79
10
460
0.82
1.16
6.67
5.33
9.50
130
2.30
10.60
18.39
13.78
24.56
410
2.01
4.03
10.88
16.51
29.42
60
0.40
0.04
0.02
0.03
430
0.44
0.32
1.38
2.45
7316
56.10
100.00
1000
) ( 114
%16.51 %29.42
%13.78 %24.56
Pioneer Species
%5.33 %9.50

) 10 / (
536
) : ( 115 .
7.29
4.45
672
0.45
49
790
185
23.41
0.13
35
631
0.16
92
2.17
2265
149
6.58
26
1.15
58
3.45
536
12
2.24
0.75
140
0.71
338
2.37
730
1.23
0.14
11
0.09
467
0.43
0.43
1.07
140
10
7.14
449
35
7.80
0.89
65
7.69
465
17
1.51
0.22
18
3.87
1000
) ( 115 35
.

) 10 / ( . )(1
.
.

) (2 1996 / 9/ 26
) ( 116 .

6020
680
660
40
320
300
580
1380
580
860
20
80
20
220
500
) ( 116
6020 / Fire Species

537
( .

. 660
320 580 .

. ) ( 115/114
) (2 .
)(2
) ( 117 .
) ( 117
/
6.53
21.5

400 /
500
400
.
20 : 5
30 400 ) (3 .
20
11.5 2.6 5.44 2 % 0.52

%3.05 ) (2 .
) ( 118 .
%
4.12
47.36
0.91
10.52
0.45
5.26
0.45
5.26
2.75
31.57
8.68
19
) ( 118 % 8.86
% 4.12 %47.36 .

538
%2.75 %31.57 %0.91

%0.45 .
) : ( 119 .
1.71
15.71
6.72
1.38
6.9
3.40
16.51
128.44
59.27
5.36
43.73
16.40
3.71
47.93
17.79
0.02
0.24
0.09
3.41
31.33
16.53
1.57
4.22
3.06
) ( 119
128.44 59.27
47.93 / 17.79
43.73 / 31.33 / .
. 6.72 .
3.06 3.40 .
) ( 120 .
40
30
10
20
40
80
80
50
50
80
20
60
60
410
630
520
720
2090
430
330
570
460
620
130

%80
570 720 630
%20 %60 .
%40 40 520
%50 330 430 . %60

130 .
539
)(209
2003 ) (209 .
277 .
.
500 . ) (1 32 52.883
2
021 39 224 ) (2
.616
021 39 219
.636
32 52.839
50 ) (1 ) (2
) 54 (

540
) ( 121 .
/2
0.43
2.16
4.60
23.20
0.60
320
0.39
0.13
800
0.57
0.57
40
0.79
0.31
0.12
60
0.37
0.14
0.08
0.40
20
0.80
1.30
0.26
1.31
120
0.26
0.04
0.05
0.25
300
0.16
0.05
0.15
0.75
130
0.23
0.10
0.13
0.65
50
0.51
0.35
0.17
0.85
90
0.57
0.22
0.20
1.00
500
0.72
0.35
1.76
8.87
20
0.30
0.13
0.02
0.10
20
1.20
0.10
5.00
0.02
0.10
1070
1.90
1.10
11.38
11.77
59.38
60
0.95
0.10
3.00
0.06
0.30
3600
19.82
100.00
10002
) ( 121
%11.77 %59.38
%4.60 %23.20
%1.76
%8.87 ) (1 .
) (123/122 ) ( 1
15 ) (2 10

.
541
) ( 122 ). (1
80
0.29
0.05
840
0.58
0.48
5.00
4.03
60
0.73
0.15
0.09
120
0.37
0.14
0.17
40
0.80
1.30
0.52
100
0.19
0.02
0.02
600
0.16
0.05
0.30
180
0.34
0.05
0.09
40
0.35
0.13
0.05
140
0.64
0.13
0.18
540
0.76
0.33
1.78
20
0.30
0.13
0.03
%
0.04
40
1.20
0.10
5.00
0.04
1000
2.06
2.36
8.99
23.60
0.95
0.10
3.00
0.12
120
3920
31.06
) ( 123 ). (2
560
0.41
0.11
0.62
760
0.56
0.68
5.17
20
1.00
0.79
0.16
140
0.31
0.07
0.10
80
0.44
0.17
0.14
60
0.62
0.51
0.31
40
0.35
0.11
0.04
460
0.68
0.38
1.75
20
0.00
1140
1.75
2.10
13.49
23.94
3280
32.23
) ( 124 .
1230
880
71.54
30
2.44
50
10
20.00
350
230
65.71
160
30
18.75
70
20
28.57
10
14.29
520
20
3.85
30
10
33.33
20
10
50.00
1410
250
17.73
210
14.89
90
6.38
110
10
9.09
20
18.18
40
36.36
10002

542
) ( 124 250 %17.73

210/ .%14.89
90 .%6.38

880 230 .
40
25 4.95 11.86 2
% 4.74 % 16.57 . ) (2 .
) ( 125 .
7.69
76.19
0.96
9.52
0.96
9.52
0.48
4.76
10.09
208
%10.09 %7.69 76.19

%0.96
. %9.52 %0.48 4.76

.
) ( 126
0.19
1.46
0.71
23.86
266.27
125.98
1.78
5.98
2.42
4.64
66.49
27.51
125.98
27.51 .
2.42 0.71 .
543
) ( 127 .
100
100
50
90
70
20
10
70
30
20
1070
800
320
500
120
130
20
300
90
%100
800 1070 .
%90 500 .
%70 300
120 . %50
%30 90 130 120
%20 20
%10
544
)(210
2003 .
. 124
.%1 .
10
30 .
:
500 2 ) (1
021 43 248 .
616.
32 52 .798
32 52
) : (2 820.
021 43 252
.543
.
5 ) 45(
10 ) 1 ( 2
.
545
) ( 128 .
/
/2
0.39
1.44
5.24
0.16
2.06
7.50
370
0.63
1290
0.76
8.00
4.48
16.32
390
0.81
1.15
7.51
27.35
240
2.17
3.13
6.44
1.23
200
0.42
0.17
0.34
460
0.37
0.08
0.36
1.31
60
1.04
0.30
0.18
0.65
620
1.03
0.84
5.20
18.94
130
0.49
0.17
0.22
0.80
30
0.38
0.2
0.06
0.21
310
1.38
1.02
3.16
11.51
10
2.25
0.79
5.00
0.07
0.25
20
0.45
0.05
0.01
0.03
710
1.17
0.22
1.56
5.68
80
1.49
1.00
0.80
2.91
4920
27.45
100.00
1000
) ( 128 %7.51
%27.35 %4.48
% 16.32
%3.16 %11.51 .
) ( 128
) . ( ) ( 130/129 )(1
5840 %60 . )(2
%1 .
) . (1 ) (1 ) (2
546
) ( 129 ). (1
2140
0.78
0.13
2.78
340
1.00
1.17
3.98
140
2.46
8.82
12.35
860
0.36
0.06
0.52
40
0.90
0.35
0.14
500
0.95
0.93
4.65
120
0.42
0.14
0.17
40
0.33
0.11
0.04
180
1.68
1.41
12.00
2.54
20
2.25
0.79
5.00
0.16
40
0.45
0.05
0.02
1420
1.17
0.22
3.12
5840
30.47
) ( 130 ). (2
740
0.63
0.39
2.89
440
0.68
0.30
1.32
440
0.70
1.14
8.00
5.02
340
2.06
0.79
6.44
2.69
400
0.42
0.17
0.68
60
0.57
0.37
0.22
80
1.11
0.28
0.22
740
0.72
0.48
3.55
140
0.56
0.20
0.28
20
0.50
0.38
0.08
440
1.27
0.86
3.78
160
1.49
1.00
1.60
4000
22.33
) ( 131 .

5370
2890
53.82
30
0.56
1190
22.16
310
70
22.58
380
10
2.63
10
2.63
610
140
22.95
10
1.64
80
20
25.00
640
20
3.13
160
30
18.75
90
60
66.67
320
10
3.13
390
380
97.43
2260
1550
68.58
250
170
68.00
1000
547

) %97 ( .
70 / %22.58
) ( 132 .
0.94
11.11
1.42
16.66
0.47
5.55
0.47
5.55
0.47
5.55
0.94
11.11
3.79
44.44
8.53
211
%3.79 %44.44
% 1.42 %16.66
%0.94
%11.11
%8.53
) ( 133
4.50
29.52
13.59
3.52
42.66
19.57
0.22
0.47
0.23
11.53
108.72
56.15
3.12
16.38
8.82
0.16
1.27
0.60
56.15
108.72 ) ( 133 19.57
42.66 13.59
29.52
8.82 16.38 .
0.23 / .

548
) ( 134
90
80
10
20
10
40
80
10
30
30
20
100
1420
390
370
200
80
460
620
30
240
130
60
1290
) (134 ) ( 1290 1420
%90 %100

620 %80 390
. 460 %40 .
%20 60 200 .
.
%10 370 80 30
130 %30 .
549
)(211
2003
21 10 542
32 34 235
21 12 759 189.6.
32 33 787

.
.
1000 2 ) (1
021 11 806 368 % 35

32 34 008
. ) (2 % 37 11 350 .
) ( 135
/2
6.48
18.67
161.
3.34
2.73
0.95
1030
0.79
0.63
645
0.45
0.18
55
2.10
1.74
12.00
0.95
40
1.40
0.84
0.33
270
5.41
9.55
18.25
25.78
74.29
2040
34.70
100
2000
%25.78
%74.29
%6.48 %18.67
550
) (137/136 ) (1 3000 ) (5 .
) (2 ) (6 .
) %47 (1 ) %60 (2
. .
) ( 136 ). (1
1400
0.84
0.68
9.52
1020
0.48
0.22
2.24
30
1.38
0.50
12.00
0.15
60
1.71
0.94
5.00
0.56
490
5.65
9.37
18.25
45.91
3000
58.38
) ( 137 ). (2
660
0.69
0.53
270
0.37
0.06
0.16
80
2.38
2.21
1.77
20
0.50
0.55
0.11
50
3.10
11.38
5.69
10
0.92
1090
%
3.50
12.15
) ( 138 .

1085
50
4.60
785
130
16.56
55
25
45.45
45
11.11
345
75
21.73
30
8.69
20
15
75
0.46
10
1.27
20002
551
) ( 138 75 270
%21.73 ) (
) 50 ( .
) ( 138 ) 5 ( 15 .
.

.
60
19.33 3.73 9.06 2 % 5.44
%11.26 ) (2 .
) ( 139 .
) :( 139 .
27.5
56.70
0.50
1.03
11
22.68
4.12
0.50
1.03
2.06
2.06
10.30
48.5
200
) ( 139 %48.5
%27.5 %56.7
%11 %22.68
%5 % 10.30
. %2.5 %5.15
%1 . %2.06 %0.5
1.03 .
552
) ( 140
0.30
3.10
1.24
6.23
27.43
9.32
28.01
438.63
213.71
48.5
27.65

213.71
438.63 % 6.23 27.43

9.32 .
1.24 .
27.65 . . ) ( 141
.
) ( 141
60
50
20
60
95
1030
645
40
270
1030
%60 270
645 %50 .
40 %20
. %95
553
)(212
2004 . 5 . 11 212
. 774
. .

.
.

1000
2
021 173 .
32 135
15
44
GPS 278
) 20 (2

) ( 142
430
0.34
0.06
0.25
0.82
380
0.75
0.96
3.64
11.98
10
3.00
4.91
0.49
1.61
10
0.15
0.01
60
0.25
0.02
0.01
0.03
110
1.35
11.50
1.24
1.36
4.47
1030
0.44
0.10
1.03
3.39
20
0.58
0.20
0.04
0.13
340
0.77
0.26
0.89
2.93
100
0.26
0.07
0.07
0.23
10
3.50
9.5
0.79
0.08
0.26
370
2.39
13.61
5.68
21.00
69.14
40
0.70
0.20
0.08
0.26
530
0.88
0.27
1.43
4.70
3440
30.37
100.00
1000
554
) (142 % 21.00
% 69.14 .
% 3.64 . % 11.98

.

% 30.37
) ( 143
710
150
21.13
130
18.31
390
10
2.56
110
50
45.45
410
70
17.07
210
80
38.10
30
14.29
520
140
26.92
10
1.92
50
10
20.00
920
60
6.52
330
35.87
1140
10
0.88
100
8.77
10
10
100.00
1000
) (143
140 /
.
10 .

. ) (144
.
555
) ( 144
5.66
18.75
12.26
40.62
3.77
12.5
0.94
3.12
2.83
9.37
2.83
9.37
1.88
6.25
30.17
99.98
106
) (144 % 30.17
% 5.66 %12.26
% 18.75 % 30.62 .
% 3.77 % 12.5 .
% 4.71
% 15.62 .
% 2.83 % 9.37 % 1 % 3.12
. .
) ( 145
80
20
60
60
100
20
80
20
50
370
110
530
340
1030
430
380
100
% 100
1030 340 530

% 80 380 370 .
% 20 .
430 100 .
% 50
.
556
) ( ) ( 213
2003 213
.
%5 . 436.7.

1000 2 ) (1
32 41.886

021 15 741 226
021 15. 880
32 41.470
) (2
227 .
) ( 54
.
) ( 146 ) (.
/2
./
55
0.42
0.07
0.03
0.11
1455
0.76
0.44
6.40
25.09
10
4.25
9.92
28.00
0.99
3.88
30
0.23
0.07
0.02
10.07
230
0.34
0.18
0.42
1.64
20
2.02
1.45
0.29
1.13
115
0.83
0.31
0.36
1.40
30
0.33
0.04
0.01
0.03
2.60
2.27
28.00
0.11
0.42
390
2.10
4.07
17.97
15.87
62.23
305
0.95
0.33
1.00
3.92
25.50
100.00
2645
2000 .
2
557
) (146 %15.87
%62.23
%6.40 %25.09
) (148/147
%5 ) (2 ) (1
) (2 ) . (1 )(1
). (2
) ( 147 ). (1
1930
0.71
0.48
10
0.50
0.20
0.02
190
0.32
0.05
0.10
10
2.50
3.14
0.31
110
0.82
0.48
0.53
30
0.33
0.04
0.01
410
2.14
2.99
8.92
12.26
210
1.12
0.35
0.74
2900
%
9.26
23.23
) ( 148 ). (2
110
0.42
0.07
980
0.87
0.39
3.82
10
8.00
19.64
28.00
1.96
60
0.23
0.07
0.04
270
0.37
0.28
0.76
30
1.87
0.89
0.27
120
0.85
0.17
0.20
30
0.00
10
2.60
2.27
28.00
0.23
370
2.06
5.27
13.87
19.50
400
0.87
0.32
1.28
2390
%
0.08
28.14
558
) ( 149 ) (..
130
75
57.69
1525
30
1.97
0.33
40
2.62
35
14.29
350
90
25.71
30
8.57
40
20
50.00
10
25.00
120
4.17
35
14.29
440
50
11.36
440
1.14
1.14
130
29.55
2000
) (149 50
%11.36 30
%1.97 %50
) 20 /( .
. .
.
) (%25 .
%29.55
.
50 28.1 5
9.43 2 % 4.72 % 22.66

. ) (150 .
559
) :( 150
) (..
12.07
45.45
0.96
3.64
5.79
21.82
3.86
14.55
1.44
5.45
0.96
3.64
1.44
5.45
26.52
100.0
207
% 26.52 % 12.07
%45.45 . % 5.79
% 21.82 % 3.86
% 14.55
%1.44 %5.45
. %0.96 .%3.64
.
) :( 151
) (.
6.33
66.48
30.65
16.11
170.98
91.63
26.52
25.06
) (151
91.63/ 170.93/
66.48/ 30.65/ .
25.06/ .
.
560
) ( 152 ) (.
80
40
50
10
60
10
10
20
390
1455
305
230
20
115
30
1455 %40
390 . %80
%60 230 .
305 %50 115
%10 5 .
.
561
)( )(214
2003
2003
. 620.7
. .

. ) ( 1 40 . 2
021 17 440
432
32 35. 450

) (2 500 2 404 32 34. 311
021 17 . 781 % 20 . ) ( 3 700 2 382
021 18.567 %23
32 34. 450

.
.
) ( 153 ) (
/2
3900
0.44
0.19
7.41
47.89
34
1.01
4.83
1.64
10.60
217
0.96
0.04
0.09
0.58
2851
0.38
0.13
3.70
23.91
0.40
0.16
0.01
0.06
2.00
1.77
6.00
0.08
0.51
37
0.60
1.36
0.50
3.23
14
0.50
0.10
0.01
0.06
268
0.20
0.09
0.25
1.61
140
1.10
0.42
0.59
3.81
340
0.84
0.35
1.19
7.69
7815
15.47
100.00
1240
562
) ( 153
15
% 15.47
%7.41 %47.89
%3.70 % 23.91
) ( 154 ) (
%
0.05
559
6.43
1.03
8689
4230
48.68
39
12.82
278
10
3.60
3299
414
12.55
34
42
11.90
312
172
55.13
520
180
34.61
1240
4230/
% 48.68 559 / %6.43
414 / %12.55 172 /

.
) ( 154
) (156/155 ) (1
5500 /
% 14.34 . ) (2
% 17.54 % 10.94
%62.37
) (1 ) (2
. ) (3
% 13.56 .
%9.12 %67.25
%32.75
563
) (155 ). (1
5500
0.46
0.22
250
1.17
0.20
0.50
750
0.9
0.24
1.81
%
12.03
14.34
) ( 156 ). (2
1610
0.30
0.09
60
0.88
2.90
540
1.00
0.05
0.27
8400
0.38
0.13
10.94
40
0.78
3.34
1.34
720
0.20
0.09
0.65
100
0.95
0.89
0.89
0.71
0.68
0.18
270
11547
%
1.53
1.74
17.54
) ( 157 ). (3
4592
0.47
0.20
42
1.20
7.60
3.19
112
0.80
0.02
0.02
154
0.41
0.13
0.20
28
0.40
0.16
0.05
14
2.00
1.77
6.00
0.25
70
0.51
0.24
0.17
42
0.50
0.10
0.04
84
0.28
0.14
0.12
70
1.08
0.57
0.40
0.40
5208
%
9.12
13.56
564
) ( 158 ) (
%
9.85
42.55
1.48
6.38
5.91
25.53
1.48
6.38
1.49
2.13
1.48
6.38
0.49
2.13
1.48
6.38
0.49
2.137
23.15
100.00
203
) (158 %23.15
%9.82 . %42.55
%25.53 %5.91
%1.48 %6.38 .
%1 . %2.13
) ( 159 ) (
2.46
112.23
58.32
0.60
198.28
86.15
1.00
1.15
0.21
0.04
0.25
0.16
86.15
198.28 / . 58.32 /
112.23 1.15
%0.21
%0.04 0.25 0.16

.
565
) ( 160
) (
100
10
10
10
60
3917
259
140
34
2851
) (160 %100
3917
.
2851 %60 .
. %10
566
)(215
2003 412 .
%35 . %37

) (1 %37
021 24.471 340

32 41.075
) (2 %35 32 41.029
021 24.432
391 1000 .

) (5 4
) (11
.
) ( 161
./
40
0.65
0.12
0.04
0.10
680
0.89
1.30
8.84
19.90
25
1.89
7.88
9.00
1.97
4.43
0.35
0.05
35
0.51
0.17
0.06
0.13
205
0.44
0.1
0.20
0.45
105
1.18
0.73
6.06
0.76
1.72
75
1.40
1.17
0.86
1.93
30
0.88
0.22
0.06
0.13
10
0.15
0.02
10
770
2.07
4.08
10.98
31.41
70.72
0.03
0.01
0.98
0.36
3.25
0.21
0.47
44.41
100.00
60
2060
2000
567

%31.41 ) ( %70.72
%8.84
%19.90
%1.97 %4.43 .

) .( 161

) (163/162
) (1 ) (2 ) (1 5
.
) ( 162 ). (1
20
0.35
0.03
520
0.99
1.60
50
1.89
7.88
9.00
3.94
70
0.51
0.17
0.12
30
0.48
0.12
0.04
30
1.30
0.37
0.11
150
1.40
1.17
1.76
50
0.96
0.27
0.14
10
10
800
2.44
5.23
14.69
41.84
20
0.80
0.11
0.02
1760
%
0.01
8.32
56.28
) ( 163 ). (2
/
0.05
9.49
0.15
1.13
0.00
0.00
60
0.75
840
0.84
10
0.35
0.05
10
380
0.44
0.10
0.38
180
1.16
0.80
6.06
1.44
10
0.50
0.20
0.02
10
0.15
0.02
0.00
740
1.69
2.85
6.97
21.09
10
0.03
0.01
0.00
100
1.02
0.41
3.25
0.41
2350
32.94
568
) :( 164

1470
1430
97.28
695
0.72
50
20
40.00
10.00
100.00
890
725
81.46
130
14.16
360
115
31.94
40
11.11
130
10
7.69
20
15.38
)( 15
13.04
85
5.88
10
11.76
40
10
25
10
25
15
33.33
10
50.00
1645
550
33.43
325
19.76
475
30
6.32
1.05
385
81.05
0.72
10
1.44
10.00
-
2000
) (164
%33.43 550 . 40
1430 ) ( %97.28
. 725 %81.46
) % 44.41 . (161
) (164 %19.76
) ( 1
%81.05 .
) . (164
569
165
20.82 3.72 8.93 2
% 17.73 % 38.68 ) (2.
) : ( 165 .
0.47
1.41
0.47
1.42
9.81
29.58
1.87
5.63
0.47
1.42
0.47
1.41
1.87
5.63
0.47
1.41
9.35
28.17
1.87
5.63
0.93
2.82
2.80
8.45
0.47
1.41
1.87
5.63
33.49
214

%33.49 %9.35 %9.81
%29.58 %28.17 . %2.80

%8.45 %1.87
%5.63
%0.47 %1.41
%0.93 . %2.82
) ( 166 .
9.28
137.81
44.64
0.88
7.01
2.62
0.16
1.42
0.68
31.11
564.65
267.86
1.97
30.28
14.56
33.49
39.82
570

267.68 %9.28
%44.64 14.56
2.62 0.68
.
39.82 .
) ( 167 .
80
10
30
40
10
50
10
10
65
770
25
40
680
75
205
60
105
%80 770
680 . %40
%50 205 . 40
%30
%10 105 60 75 25 .
571
)(216
2003
350 .

032 39.369
1000 2 ) (1
021 24.594 440 %32
0021 24.587 458

032 39.228
) (2 :
. ) (2 .
) ( 5 4
) 1 ( 2 .
) ( 168 %21.33
%43.91
%12.51 %25.75
) 105 ( %7.88
%16.22
880 8

.
572
) ( 168
%
2.53
/2
./
1025
0.41
0.12
1.23
515
1.08
2.43
12.51
25.75
105
1.82
7.51
7.88
16.22
0.50
0.13
0.01
0.02
0.40
0.20
0.01
0.02
140
0.39
0.08
0.11
0.22
290
0.48
0.15
0.43
0.88
20
0.85
0.50
0.10
0.20
160
0.98
0.40
0.64
1.31
145
0.66
0.27
0.39
0.80
15
0.20
0.02
135
1.82
0.69
6.3
0.93
1.91
375
2.53
5.69
12.13
21.33
43.91
880
0.81
0.34
2.99
6.15
10
0.775
0.11
0.01
0.02
3825
48.57
100.00
2000
(170/169 ) (1
) (2 ) (2 3 ) (1
) (2 ) (1
). (1
) ( 169 ). (1
200
0.44
0.11
360
1.04
2.58
210
1.82
7.51
15.77
10
0.40
0.20
0.02
220
0.31
0.07
0.15
40
0.85
0.50
0.20
80
1.16
0.24
0.19
170
0.68
0.36
0.61
30
2.38
0.20
0.06
180
2.86
8.20
15.93
14.76
740
0.40
0.09
0.67
10
1.20
0.20
0.02
2250
%
0.11
9.29
41.97
573
) ( 170 ). (2
1850
0.41
0.12
670
1.11
2.36
15.81
10
0.50
0.13
0.01
280
0.39
0.08
0.22
360
0.59
0.20
0.72
240
0.92
0.46
1.11
120
0.65
0.15
0.18
30
0.20
0.02
0.01
240
1.75
0.76
6.30
1.82
570
2.43
4.91
10.94
27.99
1020
1.12
0.53
5.41
10
0.35
0.02
0.00
5400
%
1.11
55.49
) :( 171
1725
620
35.94
80
4.64
525
10
1.90
110
4.55
10
9.09
445
95
21.35
210
47.19
330
30
9.09
10
3.03
25
20.00
175
10
5.71
2.86
2.86
150
3.33
20
25.00
195
25
12.82
10
5.13
35
17.95
660
275
41.67
75
11.36
10
1.52
1090
30
2.75
10
0.92
180
16.51
2000
275 660 .
.
.
.
574
5
) ( 3 . 75
16.35 2.98
6.68 2 % 5 % 16.90
. ) (2 . ) ( 172
.
) ( 172 .
%
5.94
28.26
1.37
6.52
0.91
4.35
4.87
21.74
0.91
4.35
0.91
4.35
6.39
30.43
34.84
100.00
219
%34.84
%6.39 % 5.94 %30.43 %28.26 .

%4.87 %21.74
. %6.52
%0.91 %4.35 .
) ( 173
%
12.72
123.34
63.04
0.37
1.13
0.48
24.58
518.15
226.14
2.73
16.58
6.97
0.65
1.05
4.13
7.89
162.91
74.17
%24.58
518.15 ) 226.14
74.17/ %7.89 %12.72
63.04 / .
%6.58 6.97/

575
0.48 / 4.13 /
. . ) ( 174
) ( 174 .
50
50
30
40
30
70
30
20
40
30
35
880
970
140
145
160
515
135
140
375
105
% 50 20
. %70 970 880
. 515 375
.
105 140 135 160 145 140 : .
%35 .
576
)(217
2003 .
. %50
29 . .
500 %50
2
32 41 783 021 35 353 383
) 5 4 (
.
.
) : ( 175
/2
920
0.29
0.06
0.55
980
0.75
0.77
7.55
14.51
80
2.05
9.96
7.97
15.32
40
0.22
0.20
0.08
0.15
700
0.24
0.04
0.28
0.53
660
0.35
0.07
0.46
0.88
20
0.60
0.20
0.04
0.07
120
1.39
0.20
0.24
0.46
100
0.72
0.22
0.22
0.42
1300
0.23
0.06
0.78
1.50
120
1.33
1.46
2.25
1.75
3.36
380
3.24
8.56
10.63
32.53
62.55
0.30
0.09
40
5480
3.75
2.83
%
1.05
0.04
0.07
52.48
100
500
577
% 32.53
%62.55
%7.97 % 7.55 % 15.32
14.51 % 1.75 %3.36
) ( .
.
) ( 176 .

1340
420
31.34
1000
20
2.00
740
80
10.81
60
40
66.67
140
20
14.29
160
60
37.50
2420
1120
46.28
460
80
17.39
60
13.04
400
360
90.00
500 .
2
) (176
80
% 17.39 .
%90
20 40
%66.67 ) 20 /(
).(176
.

.
) 60 ( % 12.04
.

578
10
6 1.81 2.59 2
% 0.259 % 0.001
. ) (2.
) ( 177 .
1.35
25
2.24
41.66
0.48
8.33
0.48
8.33
0.48
8.33
0.48
8.33
5.51
100.00
223
) (177 %5.51 .
%2.24 % 41.66
%1.35 % 25
% 0.48 % 8.33
.
).(178
) ( 178
7.55
68.93
22.65
0.22
0.84
0.35
7.97
71.95
22.32
1.75
22.05
7.53
32.53
397.52
172.41
0.24
3.03
1.10
%32.53
397.52 172.41 / .
22.65 68.93 .
22.32
579
71.95 7.53 .
.
) ( 179
100
980
100
920
60
380
80
660
40
700
20
80
100
1300
40
100
20
40
20
40
60
120
20
20
20
20
40
120
) (179
%100 ) / ( 920 980 1300
.
%80 660 %60
380 120 40 120 100 700

. %20
20 20 40 40 80 . .
580
- )(218
2003
.
298.75 . .
:
.
:
1000 . ) (1 32 '39.599
2
020 56.403 280
%35 ) (2 ) .(1 280

. %35
581
) : ( 180 - .

/2
0.81
1.67
1.18
2.44
21.98
60
0.89
1.36
1180
0.36
0.10
1155
0.85
0.92
10.62
90
0.50
0.06
0.05
0.10
25
1.26
6.35
6.5
1.58
3.27
50
0.22
0.05
0.02
0.04
530
0.44
0.17
0.90
1.86
275
1.61
1.26
3.46
7.16
125
1.31
0.81
1.02
2.11
440
0.96
0.41
1.80
3.72
25
0.27
0.06
0.01
0.02
375
1.62
0.94
6.04
3.52
7.28
500
2.18
4.44
12.62
22.20
45.96
2.00
0.28
0.01
0.02
290
0.81
0.24
0.69
1.42
2.00
0.79
0.03
0.06
25
1.10
1.63
0.40
0.82
5160
48.30
100.00
2000
% 22.20
%45.96
%10.62 %21.98 .
) (180
) 5 / ( ) (182/181 ) (1
) ( 2
) ( 2 ) (1
. ) ( %58.35
) (%39.02
.
582
) ( 181 ).(1
90
0.86
0.91
1350
0.38
0.11
0.30
1070
0.84
0.70
7.49
10
0.00
40
0.83
0.10
0.04
40
2.63
6.23
2.49
100
0.22
0.05
0.05
110
0.36
0.17
0.19
500
1.60
1.16
5.00
5.80
110
1.41
0.99
1.09
430
1.00
0.39
1.68
480
1.71
1.06
5.91
5.09
640
2.35
4.78
11.98
30.59
300
0.92
0.21
0.63
10
2.00
0.79
0.08
50
1.10
1.63
0.82
5330
%
0.81
58.35
) ( 182 ).(2
30
1.00
2.73
1010
0.35
0.10
1240
0.86
1.12
13.89
140
0.41
0.05
0.07
10
3.00
6.84
6.50
0.68
950
0.46
0.17
1.62
50
1.78
2.36
1.18
140
1.24
0.68
1.50
0.95
450
0.93
0.43
1.94
50
0.27
0.06
0.03
270
1.47
0.74
6.29
2.00
360
1.90
3.84
13.78
13.82
10
2.00
0.28
0.03
0.71
0.29
0.81
280
4990
%
0.82
0.23
39.02
583
) ( 183 -

1640
405
24.70
1160
0.43
180
90
50.00
10
50.00
30
16.67
95
45
47.37
55
3.35
650
95
14.62
25
3.85
280
1.79
130
3.85
505
65
12.87
135
110
81.48
395
20
5.06
1.27
630
130
20.63
15
2.38
375
25
6.67
60
16.00
30
16.67
16.67
2000
) (183
) 130 / ( ) 405 / (
%20.63 .
) 5 / (
. ) (5
.
) ( 184 - .
0.41
6.25
2.48
37.50
0.41
6.25
1.24
18.75
0.41
6.25
0.41
6.25
0.83
12.5
0.41
6.25
6.61
100.00
242

584
) (184 %6.61
. .
%2.48 %37.50
%1.24 %18.75 % 0.83 %12.5

%0.41 % 6.25 .
) (184 .
) ( 185 - .
21.55
371.95
151.73
10.51
188.35
91.03
3.38
45.46
20.83
1.81
7.12
3.93
0.73
4.90
1.00

%21.55 %371.95 151.73
188.35 91.03
45.46 20.83 .
3.93 1 .
) : ( 186 -
100
90
80
20
50
10
80
40
50
20
10
20
10
1155
500
440
25
375
290
965
125
530
275
90
60
. 1155
%100 965
%80 %90 500
. %80 440

530 %50 %50

375 %40 -10 .
.
585
)(219
2003 80 .
1000
2
50
) 4 5 (
) ( 187 .
/2
./
1140
1.24
1.21
13.79
15.91
1540
0.38
0.07
1.08
1.24
60
1.88
1.11
0.67
0.77
40
2.10
2.70
1.08
1.25
140
1.25
0.39
0.55
0.63
540
4.03
12.83
17.54
69.28
79.92
80
1.38
0.30
0.24
0.28
3550
86.69
100.00
1000. 2
%69.28
%79.92
%13.79
.
586
) :( 188
40
3.33
1200
20
1.67
10
10
100
80
3.29
2430
810
33.33
25.00
80
50
62.50
20
40
10
25.00
170
30
17.65
940
400
42.55
10
1.06
250
90
36.00
80
32.00
1000 .
2
) (188
400 %42.55
90 80
. %36 30 140 .%17.65
10
) (%32 %25
10
)(5 )(1.65 1.64
% 0.164 % 0.24 .
) (2.
) ( 189
2.6
12.5
13.91
66.66
1.73
8.33
1.73
8.33
0.86
4.17
20.83
115
587
%20.83
%13.91 %66.66 %2.6
% 12.5 %1.73
%8.33 %1 % 4.17
.
.
) ( 190 .
13.79
218.15
64.26
0.55
2.39
0.94
1.08
7.37
2.63
69.28
1402.92
621.401
%69.28 621.44
64.26 .
2.63 . 0.94
.
) ( 191
100
100
20
20
20
60
10
540
1540
140
40
10
1140
) (1540 %100
540 .

%20 10 40 140 .
.
588
- )(220
2003
174
. ) (
500 ) (1
021 84.522 %4 404

32 49.851
021 48. 602

) (2 32 49. 983
400

.
5 20
1 2
.
) ( 192 - .
/2
90
0.53
0.16
0.14
0.25
1800
1.14
0.74
1.80
13.32
23.85
80
3.09
10.20
8.40
8.16
14.61
1470
0.41
0.13
1.91
3.42
100
4.72
6.76
5.21
6.76
12.10
150
1.00
0.50
0.75
1.34
1210
0.29
0.10
1.21
2.16
630
2.11
3.11
6.45
19.59
35.08
1.25
0.43
3.99
7.14
55.83
100.00
930
6460
1000
589
% 19.59
%35.08
%13.32 %23.85
) (194/193
) (1 ) (2 .
) ( 193 ). (1
180
0.53
0.16
2640
1.14
0.42
160
3.09
10.20
0.29
1.80
11.09
8.40
16.32
20
1780
0.40
0.11
1.96
160
5.25
7.51
3.02
12.02
180
0.71
0.30
0.54
1620
0.25
0.07
1.13
360
2.49
7.36
13.29
26.50
40
1.55
0.40
0.16
7140
70.01
) ( 194 ). (2
/
960
1.14
1.65
1160
0.45
0.17
40
2.63
3.76
14.00
1.50
120
1.44
0.81
0.97
%
15.84
1.97
800
0.38
0.18
1.44
900
1.97
1.42
6.35
12.78
1820
1.25
0.43
7.83
5800
42.33
) :( 195 -.

68.97
0.55
290
200
1810
10
11.11
12.64
80
4.60
50
2.87
90
10
1740
220
2760
1270
46.01
280
10.14
1100
470
42.73
1620
20
1.23
670
41.36
1000
590
) (195
470 / %42.73 1100 .
) (195
.
. .
.
) ( 196 -.
9.22
63.33
0.97
6.66
0.48
3.33
0.97
6.66
0.48
3.33
0.97
6.66
0.97
6.66
0.48
3.33
14.56
206
%14.56
%63.33 %9.22
%0.97 %6.66
%0.48 . %3.33
) ( 197 - .
3.86
19.64
10.92
18.63
210.51
90.16
27.66
221.83
108.42
0.83
3.08
1.49
591
108.42 /
90.16 /
%18.63 . % 27.66
10.92/
1.49/
.
) ( 198 -
90
90
70
90
20
20
10
50
10
1800
630
1210
1470
100
80
150
930
1800
%90 .
1470 630 .
1210 . %70 930
.%50 %20
80 100 . 150
. %10
592
- )(221
2003
60 .
.

.
:
) (1 %26
47.346
1000
021 39.357 342

32
32 47.348
. . ) (2
021 39.266 351 %26
) (2 500
50 .
) ( 45 . ) (11
) (199 %46.37 %77.21

%8.71 . %14.50
593
) ( 199 .
0.19
0.31
14.50
/2
220
0.42
0.09
675
0.98
1.29
8.00
8.71
15
0.15
0.01
15
4.25
12.57
11.00
1.88
3.13
805
0.45
0.19
1.52
2.53
10
2.00
1.76
0.17
0.28
130
1.01
0.53
0.69
1.14
160
0.43
0.15
0.24
0.39
655
3.86
7.08
16.98
46.37
77.21
85
1.26
0.34
0.28
0.46
2770
60.05
100.00
1500.2

) (201/200
) (1 %26 ) (2 %26
. .
) (1 %63.15 ) (2 %58.38
) %48.11 (1
) (2 %44.74 ) (1
) (2 .
) ( 200 ). (1
220
0.55
0.13
630
1.42
2.08
8.00
13.10
10
0.15
0.01
0.00
10
0.00
690
0.36
0.09
0.62
20
2.00
1.76
0.35
40
1.98
0.63
0.25
990
3.91
4.86
11.42
48.11
130
1.26
0.34
0.44
2740
%
0.13
63.15
594
) (201 ) . ( 2
220
0.30
0.05
720
0.60
0.94
6.77
20
0.00
20
4.25
12.57
11.00
2.51
920
0.53
0.27
2.48
220
0.84
0.52
1.14
320
0.43
0.15
0.48
320
3.73
13.98
34.20
44.74
40
1.30
0.35
0.14
2800
%
0.11
58.38
) :( 202
580
350
60.34
10
1.72
695
20
2.88
135
120
88.89
35
10
28.57
10
28.57
965
100
10.36
60
6.21
180
50
27.78
810
430
53.09
220
27.16
2765
2100
75.95
30
1.08
10
0.36
185
10
5.41
90
48.65
1500

2100 %75.95 655
( .
. ) (202
. %88.89
) 10 / ( .
) (3.
595
30
12.67 2.77 5.77
% 1.73 % 2.73 ) (2.

) ( 203
7.33
16.16
7.79
17.17
1.83
4.04
4.58
10.10
0.91
2.02
14.22
31.31
8.70
19.19
45.4
100.00
218
% 45.4
%14.22 % 31.31
. % 8.70 . % 19.19
% 7.33 %7.79 %16.16
%17.17 . % 10.10 %4.58

%1.83 %4.04
0.01 % 2.02 .
) ( 204
0.29
1.19
0.62
10.19
140.01
39.23
0.75
3.03
2.19
61.70
892.18
457.19
45.4
60.7
%61.70
892.18 457.19 140
39.23 . 2.19

1.19 0.62
596
. . 60.7
.
) ( 205
70
80
10
30
90
40
10
20
675
655
130
160
805
85
15
220
805 %90
%80 655 675
%70 85
%40 130 . %30
220 %20
%10 130
15 .
597
- )(222
2003 222
.
1070 .
1000
) (1 32 26 955
022 18 043 411 ) (2
32 27 615 022 17 754 415 )(3

32 27 864 022 17 569 424 .
50
.
) . ( 206
). (206
) : ( 206 ) ( .
%
2.98
22.50
1.32
10.00
3.64
27.50
2.65
20.00
0.99
7.50
1.32
10.00
0.33
2.50
43.38
43.38
100.00
100.00
302
. 13.25
. 43.38
43.38
598
) ( 206 % 13.25
% 1.32 % 0.99
% 2.31
% 43.88 .
chenopodiaceae
% 3.64 % 27.50
% 2.98 %22.5

% 2.65 % 20
% 1.32 % 10 % 0.33
% 2.5
.
) ( 207 .
) : ( 207 .
/
2.98
80.11
23.87
3.64
71.51
26.03
2.65
68.14
18.06
1.32
54.23
7.16
% 3.64 26.03
23.87 / % 18.06
7.16 / . .
).( 208
) : ( 208
40
70
15
15
667
1134
67
67
1134/
% 70 667/

. % 40 67
% 15 .

599

)(301
2003 301
100.6 . .
.
.

.

)500 (1
2
32 48.606 022 09.629 673

) (2 500 2 32 48.632 022 09.629
667 )1000 (3 2 32 48.604

022 09.652 665 .
. .
. 5 4
.
600
) ( 209 ) - (.
1145
0.31
0.10
1207
0.57
0.74
8.97
3207
0.45
0.15
4.93
12.89
2.70
5.94
12.00
0.24
0.62
10
0.43
0.44
0.04
0.12
87
0.48
0.21
0.18
0.47
2763
0.28
0.11
3.08
8.05
1330
1.05
1.17
15.52
40.56
97
1.02
1.86
4.00
1.80
4.69
117
0.17
0.03
0.04
0.10
1170
11146
0.52
0.20
2.36
38.26
6.16
99.99
1.10
2.88
23.44
20002
) (209
% 15.52 %40.56
% 8.97
% 23.44 % 38.26

.
) (% 4.69
1170
. ) (211/210/210
) (2 ) (% 68.03
) (% 37.35 ) (% 11.31
) (1 ) (% 31.09
) (3 ) (1 ). (2
601
) ( 210 ). (1
2420
0.30
0.08
1000
0.78
0.88
8.80
3960
0.36
0.08
3.17
60
0.25
0.13
0.08
3860
0.23
0.08
3.09
%
1.94
1320
1.43
0.78
10.30
80
0.94
1.64
1.31
1600
0.42
0.15
2.40
14300
31.09
) ( 211 ). (2
700
0.39
0.16
1.12
1120
0.60
1.01
11.31
3400
0.55
0.26
8.84
20
0.50
0.50
0.1
80
0.76
0.34
0.27
2080
0.38
0.17
3.53
1840
0.93
2.03
37.35
80
1.41
2.58
2.06
1380
0.25
0.25
3.45
10700
68.03
) ( 212 ). (3
103
0.3
0.09
1500
0.34
0.34
%
0.10
5.10
2260
0.45
0.12
2.74
10
2.70
5.94
12.00
0.59
10
0.35
0.38
0.04
120
0.42
0.15
0.18
2350
0.24
0.08
1.98
830
0.80
0.69
5.73
30
0.15
0.05
0.01
130
0.72
1.35
4.00
1.76
350
0.17
0.03
0.11
530
0.62
0.20
1.09
8223
19.43
602
) : ( 213
) - ( .
1458
197
13.51
124
8.50
1211
0.33
3494
237
6.78
50
1.43
17
41.17
131
14
10.69
97
7.22
3395
387
11.40
244
7.19
141
44
31.20
1268
44
3.47
0.55
54
4.26
2000. 2
) ( 213
. 97
) ( 213 44
) (% 4.69
.
.
) ( 214 .
0.28
16.66
0.57
33.33
0.28
16.66
0.28
16.66
0.28
16.66
1.69
100.00
345
) (214
%1.69
% 0.57 %33.33
% 0.28
. %16.66
.
603
) ( 215
) (
15.52
318.05
124.98
8.97
104.77
42.20
0.18
0.73
0.31
1.80
29.51
13.56
2.36
10.44
5.10
%15.52
318.05 124.98 /
. %8.97 104.77
42.20 / . %29.51
13.56 / 5.10
0.31 .
). (216
) :( 216
) (
100
100
100
100
100
100
20
20
) /(
3207
2763
1145
1170
1207
117
1330
97
3207 1330
%100 3207
2763 1170 1207 1145
%20 1330
97 .
%100 .
604
)(302

21 07 313
21 07 162 32 30 243
32 30 870

65 .
2003
. )(
.
.
.
. 65.5 .

.
1000 2 :
o021 01.158 480 .

32o 30.753
) (2 1000. 2
) ( 217
)(
)(2
)(%
)(%
155
1.24
2.18
3.38
10.51
15
2.17
4.97
0.75
2.33
40
0.40
0.13
0.05
0.16
355
8.57
7.88
27.98
87.00
31.16
100
16.59
565
2000
%27.98
%87 .
%3.38 %10.51 %0.75

.%2.33 .

605

. ) ( Niche
) (218
) ( 218
)(
)(
)(3
)(3
)(2
5
6
7
8
9
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
20
21
22
23
25
27
32
5
10
5
10
10
20
10
15
15
10
45
30
45
40
30
10
10
5
5
5
335
3
3.5
4.5
5
5.5
9
8
8
8.6
8.5
8.3
9.4
9.5
8.88
10.2
9.25
9
10
11
14
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.04
0.05
0.05
0.07
0.07
0.08
0.10
0.11
0.13
0.16
0.16
0.17
0.22
0.28
0.50
0.052
0.122
0.077
0.188
0.230
0.898
0.470
0.808
0.978
0.729
3.605
3.007
5.063
5.146
4.824
1.601
1.697
1.102
1.403
2.476
34.476
0.010
0.028
0.019
0.050
0.064
0.190
0.113
0.199
0.231
0.177
0.905
0.681
1.145
1.257
1.039
0.380
0.416
0.245
0.286
0.402
7.838
2000 2 .
) (218 16 18
45 5 : 7 25 27 32
5 . ) (
16.40 8.58 0.103 0.023 .

25
1.379 / 3 / . .
22 26 16 22
1.567 / 3 / .
606
) (219 ) ( Understory
.
) ( 219

420
50
)(%
)(%
)(%
60
14.46
20
4.82
0.21
10
20
10
20
) (219 ) 60 ( .
20 Thaumetopoea pityocampa Schiff.

.
607
)(303
. 2003
. .
. 572 .

) ( .
.

2500 ) ( 1
2
022 23.821 447
32 40.804
022O 23.821

32 40.804
. ) ( 2
447 %3 .
20 2 1 2
. .
) (220 %2.16
%74.74 .
%0.73 .
608
) ( 220
/2
220
0.33
0.08
0.18
6.23
12
0.56
0.03
12
0.29
0.08
0.01
0.35
0.10
0.02
54
0.33
0.12
0.06
2.08
12
1.2
1.6
0.19
6.57
104
0.34
0.20
0.21
7.27
0.16
0.04
0.20
0.60
0.20
112
0.14
0.04
0.04
1.38
34
0.04
0.008
78
2.44
2.77
12.43
2.16
74.74
80
0.28
0.038
0.03
1.04
1.00
0.03
0.01
0.20
134
0.02
0.01
0.35
864
2.89
100.00
5000
) : ( 221 )(1
368
0.35
0.09
0.34
0.23
0.01
24
0.29
0.08
0.02
0.10
0.02
104
0.34
0.12
0.13
16
1.59
1.85
0.30
116
0.37
0.13
0.16
52
0.25
0.06
0.03
68
0.05
0.008
0.01
64
2.23
2.66
17.23
1.70
36
0.19
0.03
0.01
0.02
0.60
0.20
0.01
872
2.70
609
) (222/221
) (1
) (2 ) (2 ) (1

). (2
) ( 222 )(2
72
0.25
0.03
16
0.73
0.04
0.01
0.15
0.03
0.50
1.14
0.09
%
0.02
92
0.31
0.29
0.26
0.16
0.04
172
0.11
0.03
0.04
92
2.58
5.86
21.09
5.39
124
0.31
0.04
0.05
1.00
0.03
264
0.02
0.01
0.03
856
5.91
) ( 223 .

92
6.52
6.52
134
18
13.43
2.99
254
20
7.87
14
5.51
3.33
18
33.33
14
14.29
5000

5000 .

Ecologicol Stability .

610
8
) (3 . 40
12.4 2.73 5.15 2
% 2.06 % 18.2
) (2 .

) ( 224 .
1.89
9.52
8.49
42.85
3.77
19.04
2.35
11.90
3.30
16.66
19.8
100.00
212
) (224 %19.8
% 8.49 %42.85
%3.77 % 19.04
%3.30 %16.66 %2.35
% 11.90 %1.89 % 9.52 .

.
) : ( 225 .
9.26
50.45
26.12
0.14
0.45
0.24
) (225 50.45
26.12 .
0.45 0.24
. .
) (226 .
611
) ( 226 .
20
60
40
50
20
30
50
20
30
10
40
54
210
74
112
12
78
104
134
12
) (226
210 %60
) (134 %30
%50 104 112
. % 40 %10
78 - 12 . .%40
612
)(304

. 2003 .
. 79.5 .
.
) (1 500 32 51.246
2
022 09.531 517 ) (2

022 09.512
500 2 32 51.176
510 ) (3 1000 2 32 51.428

022 09.256 507 .

.
20 2

613
) ( 227
/
2.57
5.07
21.10
/2
1267
0.48
0.20
1323
0.74
0.81
4.00
10.69
60
0.25
0.05
0.03
0.06
10
1.00
0.17
0.02
0.03
0.60
0.20
0.01
0.03
407
0.30
0.08
0.31
0.61
54
2.25
3.66
18.67
1.98
3.90
1457
0.44
0.09
1.34
2.64
67
0.94
0.95
14.00
0.63
1.25
133
1.14
0.51
4.50
0.68
1.34
807
0.60
0.27
2.00
2.15
4.24
1420
0.32
0.11
1.60
3.16
360
2.15
3.20
6.98
11.51
22.73
370
2.04
4.33
10.56
16.01
31.60
107
203
1.19
0.53
4.33
1.08
2.14
0.28
0.08
0.01
0.01
40
0.53
0.12
0.05
0.10
8099
50.65
100.00
2000
) (227 % 16.01
%31.60
%34.64 . % 68.40
) (230/229/228 ) (1 ) (2
) (3
) (1 ) (2) (3
) (2 ) (1) (3
) (3 ) (1).(2
) (1 %58.15 ) (3
%49.82 ) (2 %30.49 ) (2 .
614
) ( 228 )(1
1540
0.48
0.14
1000
0.79
1.34
13.43
180
0.25
0.05
0.10
20
0.60
0.20
0.04
1220
0.30
0.08
0.93
700
0.34
0.03
0.22
60
0.67
0.64
0.38
180
1.07
0.84
1.52
840
0.42
0.18
1.55
1500
0.20
0.06
0.95
740
2.25
2.47
5.96
18.27
520
2.36
3.49
7.88
18.16
320
9.00
120
1.35
0.33
0.39
8940
%
2.21
58.15
) ( 229 )(2
2260
0.48
0.23
2.59
1180
0.55
0.47
5.60
20
0.40
0.03
0.01
1660
0.41
0.10
1.68
20
0.50
0.33
0.07
140
0.87
0.27
0.38
900
0.55
0.25
2.21
1240
0.42
0.15
1.88
320
1.51
1.43
4.57
320
1.52
3.26
10.20
10.44
400
0.82
0.23
0.91
120
0.53
0.12
0.15
8580
30.49
615
) ( 230 )(3
1790
0.88
0.61
4.00
30
1.0
0.17
0.05
140
4.10
7.29
18.67
10.21
2010
0.58
0.14
2.88
120
1.65
1.88
14.00
2.26
80
1.48
0.41
4.50
0.33
680
0.82
0.37
2.00
2.50
1520
0.33
0.12
1.87
20
2.70
5.69
8.00
1.14
270
2.23
6.22
13.61
16.79
90
1.42
1.04
4.33
0.94
20
0.28
0.08
0.02
6770
%
10.83
49.82
) ( 231

1594
327
20.51
1363
40
2.93
441
34
7.71
1614
157
9.73
74
9.46
193
60
31.09
3.63
80
20
25.00
921
114
12.38
17
1.85
1504
84
5.59
460
100
21.74
389
19
4.88
14
3.60
237
34
14.34
2000

19 .%4.88
) 100 / ( %21.74 ) 60 / (
% 31.09 ) 114 / ( %12.38 ) 34 / ( %14.34

) 7/( % 9.46 ) 40 / (
. %2.93 .
616
) 14 (
) 17 ( ) 7 ( .
. ) (232
) :( 232 .
1.44
30
1.44
30
0.48
10
0.48
10
0.48
10
0.48
10
4.80
100.00
209
) (232 % 4.8
.
% 1.44 %30
%0.48 %10 .
.
) ( 234
1.08
4.69
2.70
10.69
118.37
45.31
16.01
47.18
23.26
2.15
7.75
3.69
11.51
113.09
46.13
118.37
45.31
) . (234 .
46.13 23.26
/ . 3.69 /
2.70 . )(235
.

617
) :( 235
40
30
90
20
60
30
370
1267
1323
407
203
807
20
60
80
50
60
10
10
20
60
360
1457
133
1420
54
67
1267 1323 1420 1457 /

%30 %90 %60 %80 .
%60 203 360 . %50 133

% 30 - %10 67 54 60 807 20 .
. %20
618
- )(305
2003
. .
. .
497.8.

.
.

. 1000
GPS
) (1 32 33.971
021 24.464 % 8 542
021 24.665 % 8
) (2 32 34.150
530 .
.
.

50
.
.
619
) ( 236 -
990
0.85
0.71
2.00
55
1.14
0.94
4.75
0.51
60
0.88
0.61
0.36
1.20
0.20
0.07
1265
2.14
1.72
8.71
21.75
72.86
15
2.65
1.40
6.00
0.21
0.70
2390
29.85
100.00
7.02
23.51
1.70
20002
) (236 %21.75
%72.86
1265
% 7.02 . %23.51 ) (236

.
) ( 238/237 ) (1 1320
) (2 %7.87 ) (2 ) %6.32 (1
) (1 ) (2 .
) ( 237 ).(1
1320
0.81
0.48
6.32
10
1.00
0.05
0.00
110
0.94
0.67
0.74
10
0.20
0.07
0.01
1020
2.28
1.85
9.05
18.87
10
2.75
0.79
0.08
2480
26.02
) ( 238 ).(2
660
0.93
1.19
2.00
7.87
100
1.03
4.75
1.03
10
0.25
0.03
0.00
1510
2.06
1.64
8.49
24.83
20
2.60
1.71
6.00
0.34
2300
1.16
34.07
620
) ( 239 -
165
165
100.00
1035
40
3.86
15
1.45
0.48
10
10
100.00
10
10
100.00
65
10
15.38
7.69
60
8.33
15
15
100.00
15
10
66.67
2175
405
18.62
655
30.11
505
23.22
20002
) (239

405 / %18.62
:
-1 655
505 1160
.
-2 .
-3 .
-4 .
.
40 / % 3.86
) 10 / ( 165
. 90
14.57 3.04 6.68 2
%6.015 %21.575
) (2.
. ) (240
621
) ( 240 .
11.11
35.93
3.86
12.5
6.28
20.31
1.44
4.68
1.44
4.68
1.93
6.25
4.83
15.62
30.89
207
) (240 %30.98
%11.11 %35.43
%6.28 % 20.31 %4.83
%15.62 .
% 3.86 %12.5
%1.44
% 1.44 % 4.68 .
) ( 241 -
21.85
297.81
108.37
7.09
139.11
55.59
0.37
6.68
2.35
% 21.85
108.37 297.81
55.59 / 139.11 /
.
% 0.37 6.68 /
2.35 . ) (242
622
) ( 242
-
80
60
10
10
90
990
2530
60
55
) ( 2530
%60 990
%80 . %10
55 60 .
. %90
623
) ( )(306
.2003
. 619.7 .

1000 . 2
GPS

32 31.666

) (1
021 17.725 %20 445 . )(2

32 32.191
021 17.315 %20
427 .
.

.
) ( 243 ) (.
1005
0.81
0.48
15
1.63
0.83
10
1.00
0.20
/2
11.44
0.28
4.82
4.50
0.12
0.04
0.02
90
0.53
0.19
0.17
0.40
1005
2.28
3.65
8.41
36.68
87.08
25
2.16
1.25
3.64
0.31
0.73
2150
42.12
100.00
2000
) (243 ) 1005 / (
%36.68 . %87.08
) 1005 / (.
%4.82 . %11.44
.

624
) (
) (2 ) (2 ) . (1
) (1 ) %6.25 ) (2 . ( %3.40
) ( 244 )(1
1140
0.66
0.55
6.25
20
1.98
1.23
4.50
0.25
170
0.39
0.14
0.24
1000
2.16
2.89
7.57
28.89
50
2.16
1.25
3.64
0.63
2380
36.26
) ( 245 )(2
870
1.02
0.39
3.40
10
0.95
0.05
0.01
20
1.00
0.20
0.04
10
3.00
1.13
0.11
1010
2.40
4.41
9.25
4.55
1920
8.11
) : ( 246
) ( .
1345
335
24.91
30
2.23
0.37
15
33.33
25
10
40.00
10
40.00
20.00
1375
335
24.36
395
28.73
35
2.55
2000
) (246 ) 335 (

%28.73 35 .
30 /
) 5 / ( .
) 10 / ( 10
10 .
625
30/ 15 3.1
6.913 2 % 2.07
% 5.34 . ) (2.
) ( 246
%
13
6.47
13.54
43
21.39
44.79
0.50
1.04
12
5.97
12.50
12
5.97
12.50
0.50
1.04
2.48
5.21
0.50
1.04
0.50
1.04
0.50
1.04
1.99
4.17
0.50
1.04
Lagueca canmisidea.l
0.50
96
45.97
1.04
201
% 21.39 % 44.79
% 45.97 . % 6.47
% 13.54 %5.97 .
% 2.48 %1.99
%0.5 . % 1.04
) ( 247 ) (
4.82
111.19
46.60
36.72
630.11
260.34
106
52.21
100.00
% 36.73
630.11 260.34
% 4.82 111.19 46.90
. ) (248 .
626
) : ( 248
) (
70
80
10
10
80
1005
1005
90
25
1005 %70
%80 %10 .
.
627
)(307
2003 -
. 148 .
.

32 43.375
021 49.148 659 ) 500 ( 2
021 49.088 667

32 43.473
) 500. ( 2
. 20 2 .

) :( 249 -
4840
0.57
0.29
14.03
27.47
660
1.01
1.75
5.00
11.55
22.62
60
0.44
0.12
0.07
0.13
220
1.25
0.84
1.84
3.60
190
0.35
0.14
0.26
0.50
2560
1.19
0.66
6.00
16.89
33.07
130
1.49
2.96
5.74
3.84
7.52
680
0.71
0.38
2.58
5.05
9340
51.06
100.00
1000
) (249 % 16.98
%33.07
%14.03 %27.47
%11.55 % 22.62
%3.84 %7.52 %2.58
628
% 5.05 .
.
)(2

) (1 3540 / 1580 / .
) (2 ) (1 6580/ 3100 / .
) (1 ) (2
740 / 580 .
) : ( 250 )(1
3100
0.36
0.10
3.21
740
0.90
1.59
5.00
11.75
80
0.40
0.08
0.06
200
1.77
1.32
2.75
2.65
1580
1.19
1.12
17.62
120
1.48
0.57
3.50
0.68
620
0.64
0.22
1.37
6440
37.34
) : ( 251 )(2
6580
0.68
0.39
25.95
580
1.16
1.96
11.38
40
0.53
0.20
0.08
240
0.83
0.45
1.07
380
0.35
0.14
0.53
3540
1.20
0.46
6.00
16.18
140
1.51
5.01
7.67
7.01
740
0.77
0.53
3.89
12240
66.09
) :( 252 - .
5245
185
3.53
220
4.19
660
60
9.09
80
20
25.00
230
10
4.35
40
17.39
200
10
5.00
2620
50
1.91
340
12.98
10
0.38
250
120
48.00
10
4.00
3920
3240
82.65
10002
629
) (252
3920 / 680

.
130 120 .

) (252
. ) (253 .
) : ( 253
2.45
41.66
0.98
16.66
0.98
16.66
0.98
16.66
0.49
8.33
5.88
100
204
% 5.88
% 2.46 % 41.66
% 0.98
%16.66 %0.49
. %8.83
) : ( 254 -
3.85
60.87
27.13
11.57
85.83
24.10
16.90
270.67
94.84
) (254
94.84 %16.90 . 27.13

%24.10 . ) (255
630
) ( 255 -
70
100
90
70
60
30
20
20
660
4840
2560
680
220
130
190
60
4840
%100 2560
. %90 680 660
. %70 220 %60
130 %30
60 190 .
631
- )(308
2003
383.25.

) (1
022 05.586 601 ) (2

32 34.028

32 34.212
022 05.905 617 .
50
20 2
1 2 . ) (256
.
) : ( 256
-
19.80
88.89
0.99
4.44
1.49
6.67
37.13
40.59
100
100.00
202
%19.80
%88.89
%1.49 %6.67
%0.99 %4.44
. %77.72
. ) (256 .
632
) : ( 257 -
/2
19.8
90.12
178.44
0.99
62.25
6.16
1.49
35.63
5.31
) (257 %19.80
90.12 178.44
% 1.49
5.31 . %1
62.25 6.16

. ) (258 .
) :( 258 -
100
50
20
20
20
8300
600
500
200
250
) (258 %100
8300
. 600
%50 500 %20
%20 200 .
633
)(309
2003

4225

.
.
.

.
.

32 47.318
) (1 1000 2
022 07.241 664 ) (2 500 2

022 07.347 670 .

32 47.298

022 08.010

32 45.452
) (3 500 2

32 47.486
673. )1000 (4 2
022 06.162 684 . ) (5 1000 2
022 05.731 686 .

32 47.655
634
) ( 259
/ 2
1424
0.49
0.24
832
0.83
1.51
12.55
34
1.85
1.91
8.56
0.65
1.28
566
0.38
0.15
0.84
1.65
10
1.97
1.67
10.67
0.17
0.33
88
1.52
0.92
0.80
1.57
142
0.60
0.16
0.22
0.43
696
0.25
0.06
0.41
0.80
696
1.69
2.85
6.00
19.83
39.06
156
2.38
6.85
8.63
10.68
21.04
0.10
0.05
16
0.52
0.29
0.05
0.09
282
0.90
0.41
1.15
2.26
4944
50.76
100.00
3.41
6.71
24.72
4000
) (259 %19.83
%39.06
%30.93 .
%12.55 .%24.72
%10.68 %21.04
%3.41 . %6.71
. .
.
) (264/263/262/261/260
) (1 ) (2)(3
) (4) (5 ) (1 ) (2 ) (4 ) (5 ) ( 3 )( 3
) (1 ) (2 ) (4) (5 )(4
) (1) (2) (3) (5 ) (5 ) (1) (2)(3
) (4 .
635
) : ( 260 )(1
/
1820
0.61
0.39
7.10
330
0.77
0.92
3.02
50
0.35
0.04
0.02
810
0.25
0.06
0.50
260
1.62
4.16
80
0.52
0.29
0.23
380
1.18
0.32
1.23
3730
6.00
10.82
22.92
) : ( 261 ). (2
2720
0.63
0.23
700
0.90
2.10
14.69
660
0.37
0.43
2.85
20
0.90
0.10
0.02
540
0.30
0.08
0.43
1220
1.71
1.87
22.84
0.88
0.26
0.94
360
6220
%
6.26
48.03
) : ( 262 ). (3
200
0.21
0.02
0.04
640
0.69
1.05
6.70
860
0.42
0.09
0.76
320
0.53
0.29
0.93
1620
0.27
0.07
780
2.38
6.85
4420
1.15
8.63
53.42
63
636
) : ( 263 ). (4
/
2340
0.45
0.19
4.45
440
1.13
2.05
9.03
120
0.41
0.12
0.14
260
1.62
1.51
3.94
50
0.72
0.14
0.07
330
0.19
0.06
0.19
1160
1.76
3.79
43.94
10
0.10
0.05
0.005
580
1.21
0.91
5.27
5290
67.035
) : ( 264 ). (5
40
0.14
0.03
0.01
2050
0.68
1.43
29.24
170
1.85
1.91
8.56
3.24
1140
0.34
0.09
0.98
50
1.97
1.67
10.67
0.83
180
1.41
0.32
0.58
320
0.25
0.12
0.38
180
1.66
0.05
0.09
840
0.34
1.58
13.24
0.34
0.16
0.15
90
5060
48.74
) : ( 265
1740
316
18.16
1664
832
50.00
0.48
36
18
50.00
5.56
648
82
12.65
10
40.00
88
1.82
154
12
7.79
10
5.26
1288
564
43.79
28
2.17
764
58
7.59
0.78
10
1.30
180
24
13.33
36
20.00
40
24
60.00
1570
1280
81.52
0.49
5 4000
637
) (265
) 832 / ( %50
) 58 / ( % 7.59
) 24 / ( .%13.33
) 1280 / ( . %81.52
.
) (265 ) 36 (
. %20 .
638
)(310

.2003
153.5 .

021 34.656

32 36.821
1000 . 2 ) (1
592 %35 ) (2
) (1 %35 .
. 50
20 2
1 2 .
) ( 266 ) (
410
0.56
0.13
0.53
1.23
765
0.89
1.54
11.78
27.35
6.00
38.49
8.00
1.92
4.45
90
0.69
0.21
0.18
0.41
4.50
9.62
4.50
0.48
1.11
60
1.45
0.99
0.59
1.37
35
0.56
0.33
0.11
0.25
335
4.26
8.20
16.85
27.47
63.79
1705
43.06
100.00
20002
) (266 %27.47
%63.79 335/
%11.78

639
.
) 5 / ( ) 38.49 (2
%1.92 .%4.45

.
) (268/267
) (1 7 ) (2 4 . ) (2

) (2 .
) (1 ).(2
) . (2
) (1 8 10 28 41.5
5 8.5.
) : ( 267 )(1
690
1.02
2.18
10
6.00
38.49
8.00
90
0.32
0.10
10
4.50
9.62
4.50
0.96
120
1.45
0.99
1.19
70
0.56
0.33
0.23
5.09
9.46
17.62
42.56
450
1440
15.05
3.85
0.09
63.93
) : ( 268 )(2
820
0.56
0.13
1.05
840
0.79
1.03
8.67
90
0.37
0.11
0.10
220
2.58
5.64
15.29
12.42
1970
22.24
) ( 269 ) (
780
0.64
15
1.92
670
260
38.81
110
20
18.18
65
7.69
7.69
40
12.50
630
295
46.83
135
21.43
20002
640
295 /
% 46.83 .
) 135 ( % 21.43 .
) (1 .%35
) (269
.
.
.
.
10 12
5.43 2 %0.543
%1.94 . ) (2 .
) . ( 270
) : ( 270 .
13.58
53.22
0.82
3.22
0.41
1.61
4.11
16.12
2.05
8.06
0.41
1.61
2.46
9.67
1.23
4.83
0.41
1.61
25.58
100.00
243
) (270 %25.58
%13.58 %50 .
%4.11 % 16.12 .
% 2.46 %9.67 .
%2.05 % 8.06 . % 1.23

641
% 0.82 0.41
.
) ( 271
) (
27.49
475.10
242.90
11.86
128.98
46
1.19
6.02
4.77
0.23
0.77
0.34
25.58
30.34
242.90
% 27.49 46.00/
4.77 . 0.34
. 30.34/
.
) ( 272
) (
80
40
10
70
10
55
765
410
180
335
60
765
410
335 . %70
%10 60 180 .
642
)(311
2003
.
.
. 115.
GPS
) (1 1000 2 607
% 17 32 41.440 021 38.764 .
) (2 500 2 605 % 20
021 38.785 .
32 41.428

.

. .
) 20 ( 2
.
643
) : ( 273 .
/2
0.25
0.02
4145
0.66
0.21
8.70
22.83
860
1.09
1.67
14.36
37.69
60
0.38
0.03
0.01
0.02
10
0.10
0.01
380
0.27
0.07
0.26
0.68
10
0.10
0.07
0.01
0.02
10
0.25
0.05
0.01
0.02
0.30
0.10
0.01
0.02
530
1.04
0.30
1.59
4.17
190
3.34
3.15
7.15
5.98
15.69
1375
1.36
0.27
0.53
3.71
9.73
155
1.70
1.87
5.53
2.89
7.58
10
0.25
0.07
0.01
0.02
260
0.87
0.12
0.31
0.81
180
1.14
0.14
0.18
0.25
0.65
8185
38.1
100.00
15002
) (273 % 14.36
. % 37.69
% 8.70 % 22.83
4145 .
) (% 15.69 % 5.98 % 3.71
. %9.73 % 2.89 . % 7.58
.
.
) (275/274 )) (1
) ) (2
(%17
(%20 ) (2 ) (1
. ) %95( ) (1
360 / . % 11.93 ) (2
. 60 ) (1

644
60
.
) ( 274 ).(1
10
0.25
0.02
2890
0.30
0.06
0.94
480
0.80
1.06
5.11
100
0.15
0.05
0.05
10
0.30
0.10
0.01
100
0.94
0.52
0.52
360
3.34
3.31
6.86
11.93
150
0.86
0.08
0.53
0.13
190
1.77
2.70
5.53
5.14
4290
23.83
) ( 275 ).(2
5400
0.86
0.30
5.86
1240
1.21
1.91
23.72
120
0.38
0.03
0.04
20
0.10
0.01
0.00
660
0.29
0.08
0.53
20
0.10
0.07
0.01
20
0.25
0.05
0.01
960
1.06
0.28
5.00
2.69
20
3.50
0.28
0.06
2600
1.39
0.29
7.53
120
1.61
0.56
0.67
20
0.25
0.07
0.01
520
0.87
0.12
0.63
1.14
0.14
0.18
0.50
360
12080
42.26
645
) ( 276 .
%
210
3.19
6590
2235
33.92
1.15
870
10
1.15
10
40
30
75.00
150
140
93.33
615
235
38.21
25
15
60
610
80
13.11
200
10
5.00
1515
140
9.24
120
7.92
260
105
40.38
390
70
17.95
60
15.38
70
10
14.29
2530
2350
92.89
15002
140/
) .(%9.24 105 /
%40.38 155 / ) ( 276
) (1
190 / %5
.

80 / 530 / %13.11 .
) 10 / (
. 70 /
60 / %15.38
2350
%92.89
2235 / %33.92 4145 /
) ( 276
.
20
) (3 . 10

646
15 3.10 6.92 2
% 0.69 %2.59 ) (2 .
) ( 277 .
) ( 277 .
3.23
57.14
0.40
7.14
0.80
14.28
0.80
14.28
0.40
7.14
5.66
247
%5.66
% 3.23 % 57.14
%0.80 % 14.28 .
%0.40 7.14 .
) ( 278
26.02
410.17
180.55
4.40
68.75
26.64
37.40
316.8
126.97
3.95
26.90
11.34
59.69
1190.45
476.26
0.63
2.28
1.17

% 59.69

476.26 . % 26.02
%37.40 180.55
126.97 . 26.64 /
%3.95 11.34 / .
1.17 . ) ( 279 .
647
) ( 279 .
100
100
100
80
80
20
60
40
4145
860
1375
530
380
260
180
10
20
60
60
40
10
10
153
190
4145
%100 1375 %100
860 %100
%80 380 530 .
%60 180
153 10 %40
190 . 10 . %20
648
) ( )(312
2003
. .
.
. 129.

.
100 15 .
GPS
021 38.470 600 2
) (1 32 40.459
% 25 610 ) (2 32 39.899
021 38.660 1000 2 % 20 632

.
. .
.
.
50
.
.
.
649
) ( 280 ) (
/2
460
0.46
0.19
0.87
1.33
550
0.97
2.16
11.88
18.27
0.35
0.07
15
0.32
0.08
0.01
0.01
55
1.71
1.84
1.01
1.55
992
3.44
4.30
6.17
42.65
65.61
10
0.25
0.13
0.01
0.01
1081
0.24
0.06
0.64
0.98
95
2.43
2.31
2.19
3.36
95
2.57
5.94
9.67
5.69
8.75
20
1.45
0.28
0.05
0.07
3378
65.00
100.00
16002
) ( 280 992
%42.65 . %65.61
%11.88 . %18.27
95 ) ( %5.69
) .(%8.75
95 %2.19 %3.36 .

.
. .
) ( 284/281
) (2 ) (1
) . (2 ) (1
Climax Species %61.27 .
) ( 281 ).(1
400
0.68
1.25
1235
3.54
4.96
6.82
61.27
1202
0.25
0.05
0.57
50
3.00
10.81
9.67
5.41
2887
72.25
650
) ( 282 ).(2
750
3.28
3.23
5.12
23.67
920
0.92
0.33
0.87
700
1.14
2.68
18.78
10
0.35
0.07
0.01
30
0.32
0.08
0.02
110
1.71
1.84
2.02
20
0.25
0.13
0.03
960
0.24
0.07
0.72
190
2.43
2.31
4.39
140
2.42
4.21
5.89
40
1.45
0.28
0.11
3870
56.51
) : ( 283 ) (

45
8.26
545
40
7.34
10
50.00
90
75
83.33
65
10
15.38
1147
150
13.08
20
1.74
0.44
2636
1305
49.51
250
9.48
115
20
17.39
165
70
42.42
2750
2730
99.27
16002
) (285 150 /

) ( %13.08 .
.
) 70 / (
.

2730 / .%99.27
651
10
36 6.12 17.24 . 2 %1.72
%23.39 . ) (2 .
) ( 284 .
) : ( 284 ) (
15.28
83.33
0.87
4.76
0.43
2.38
0.43
2.38
0.43
2.38
0.87
4.76
18.34
100
229
% 18.34

% 15.28 %83.33
% 0.87
.% 4.76
) (% 0.43 ). (% 2.38
. ) ( 285
.
) (285 ) (
36.20
416.62
186.06
51.31
793.86
275.63
2.02
6.39
2.52
5.65
32.22
14.12
4.39
46.01
18.34
) ( 285 % 51.31
793.86 275.63 .
652

%36.20 416.62/ 186.06/
46.01/ 18.34/
32.22/ 14.12/ .
6.39/ 2.52/ .
) ( 286
) (
90
30
60
70
90
40
80
60
20
20
40
65
550
55
95
1081
992
95
20
460
15
900
) (286
%90 550 992 / %80 20

) 1081/ ( %70
) (%60 ) 460/ ( . 95 / .
900/ . %65
.
653
- )(313
2003
.
. 271 .

.
.

GPS
020 55.5
) (1 3000 2 32 24.49
%29 462 ) (2 2000 2
020 55.09 %32

32 19.51
462 ) (3 2000 2 ) (2

%35 ) (4 1250 2 32 19.662
020 54.968 %30 545 .
) 1 ( 2 .
.
.
654
) :( 287 -
%
/2
0.40
0.10
16
0.36
0.27
0.04
2.50
1.77
12.00
0.01
0.15
0.16
0.003
0.03
44
0.28
0.28
0.12
1.22
56
0.24
0.16
0.08
0.81
167
2.32
5.73
7.94
9.56
97.45
286
9.813
100.00
6250.2
) (287
%9.56 . %97.45
.
%9.81 .
) . ( 288
) : ( 288

69
4.04
53.49
440
17.23
86.27
60
1.90
70.59
96
15
23.08
) (1 ) (2
). (4
) : ( 289 )(1
2.50
1.77
12.00
0.05
57
0.36
0.43
0.24
69
2.07
5.86
9.48
4.04
129
4.33
655
) : ( 290 )(2
10
0.15
0.16
0.02
60
0.33
0.15
0.09
440
1.78
3.91
3.52
17.23
510
17.34
) : ( 291 )(3
25
0.31
0.58
0.15
60
1.18
3.16
4.25
1.90
85
2.05
) : ( 292 )(4
64
0.36
0.27
0.17
32
0.07
0.06
0.02
224
0.24
0.16
0.35
96
5.71
15.63
29.42
15.00
416
15.54
) : ( 293 -
96
80
83.33
48
8.33
239
72
30.12
0.81
6250. 2
) (293 72
)
%30.12
( . .
) 4/ (
16 80 /.
578
17.65 3.48 8.22 . 2

%47.51 %82.56 . ) (2.

656
) ( 294
) : ( 294
-
25.66
59.23
9.66
22.30
2.50
5.76
1.83
4.23
1.50
3.46
0.66
1.55
0.50
1.15
0.33
0.76
0.16
0.38
0.16
0.38
0.16
0.38
0.16
0.38
34.28
100.00
600
% 34.28
% 25.66 % 60 .
% 9.66 % 22.30 .
% 4.16 : % 2.5 % 1.5
% 0.16 % 9.6 .
% 2.33 .
.
) : ( 295 -
9.54
92.27
42.87
0.13
0.50
0.23
657
) ( 295
42.87 / 92.27 /
0.23 / .
% 0.05 . ) ( 296
) : ( 296 -
60
40
70
10
20
10
56
174
665
16
% 70
665 174 % 40
56
. % 60 .
658
)( )(314
2003
) (
) ( Mixed plantation ) ( .
465
.
.
021
387
11

32
26.927
530 . .
500 .
. .
:
o021 19.062

o32 27.539

446 .
. .
: ) ( :

500 .
.
. .
.

659
. .

500
) ( Even- aged mixed stand

.
.
:
) ( 297 )(
)(
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
)(
40
300
120
200
100
120
100
20
40
20
1060
3.13
3.02
3.96
4.13
5.20
5.33
6.50
6.50
7.75
6.50
)(2
)(3
)(3
)(2
0.41
0.41
0.81
1.07
1.46
1.62
2.56
3.14
5.11
3.14
0.002
0.003
0.004
0.005
0.007
0.009
0.013
0.015
0.021
0.021
0.091
0.819
0.451
0.960
0.703
1.062
1.274
0.307
0.855
0.427
6.947
0.028
0.390
0.236
0.565
0.385
0.603
0.636
0.157
0.380
0.226
3.607
5002
) ( 297 4 300
3.02 0.003 3 . 6 200

4.13 0.005 3 5 8 120
8 .
7 9 ) ( 9
7 . 10 12
. 11
12 . 3 4
3 12 . 9.4

660
) ( 6.19
4.45 0.010 0.003

. 0.496
14.

) ( hardening - off

.
. ) ( 298
.
26.
) ( 298 )(
./
16 11
13.80
8.40
10.03
0.07
0.43
0.10
22 17
14
19.27
8.23
7.25
0.13
1.92
0.42
28 23
10
25.50
9.40
10.23
0.25
2.46
0.50
34 29
30.50
9.42
16.63
0.36
1.50
0.31
40 35
35.50
9.25
20.86
0.48
1.49
0.30
46 41
44.50
14.00
15.42
1.14
2.28
0.31
40
10.094
1.947
) (298 %60 17 28 .
23.53 9.08 .
0.252 3 0.047
. 0.388 .
661
.
.
.
.
) ( 299 .
) : ( 299 )(
)(
3
4
5
6
7
8
10
20
60
100
140
120
20
60
520
)(
)(2
)(3
)(3
)(2
1.50
2.22
2.13
2.31
2.30
3.25
2.63
2.55
0.85
1.40
2.63
3.30
1.77
5.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.25
0.70
1.25
1.81
1.67
0.26
1.01
6.965
0.014
0.075
0.196
0.396
0.462
0.101
0.471
1.716
5002
%69 5 7 %12
10 %50 6 7 .
%27 10 0.003
) ( 297
.
) ( 299 6.23 2.3 .

) (Butt swell .
. 26 .
0.27 . .
.
:
240 140 %37

. %63

662
.
) ( Taper ) ( Butt swell .
.
) (Litter .

. .
) : ( 300 )(
)(
)(
)(2
)(3
)(3
)(2
11
40
4.50
1.28
0.022
0.890
0.380
12
40
4.00
1.96
0.023
0.939
0.452
13
40
3.25
2.45
0.022
0.897
0.531
14
20
6.00
3.14
0.047
0.937
0.308
16
20
5.00
4.91
0.051
1.019
0.402
17
40
5.00
5.99
0.057
2.295
0.908
18
20
5.00
4.91
0.064
1.284
0.509
19
20
4.50
7.07
0.064
1.287
0.567
15
240
9.5478
4.057
20
3.00
0.20
0.008
0.165
0.101
20
3.50
0.20
0.012
0.240
0.127
11
20
3.50
0.79
0.018
0.355
0.196
14
20
4.50
1.77
0.037
0.731
0.308
15
20
4.00
1.77
0.037
0.746
0.353
16
40
5.50
3.34
0.058
2.325
0.804
12
140
4.5635
1.883
5.941
380
5002
) (300 14.42 12.71

4.5 4.21 . 11
8 . 19 16
8 3 .

16 .
663
.
.
) (26
0.37 . 0.175 .
. 0.017 0.013 .
. %68 %63
.
) (1 .
.
) .(2
20
18
16
14
10
8
) (
12
6
4
2
0
) : ( 2 )(
) : ( 3 ) (100
)(
664
)(315
2003
1972
. 19 .
5000 .
o32 29.221
o020 24.943 495
. :
.
5 60 .
5 16 32
60 .
) . ( 301
) ( 301 .

)(
) (
2.77
0.017
0.084
13.99
5 10
26
4.92
11 20
150
9.04
4.13

)(
)(3
) (
) (
0.501
0.136
20
3.206
23
21 30
130
11.66
9.32
0.274
33.31
6.34
27
31 40
22
12.91
16.75
0.570
11.16
1.975
30
41 50
28
13.92
33.44
0.913
26.47
4.399
34
51 60
10
14.7
55.28
1.614
15.55
2.42
38
366
100.98
18.476
5000
366 27.32
.

.
0.276 0.05 .
23 10.43 .
) .(316

665

. 100.98 32
3.156 / /
0.715
.
) (8
32 40 20
) ( 301 26 . 3.88 / 3 / .
40 .
) 2.524/ / ( .
.
666
)(316
:
1951 108 .
21 47.466 830
32 32.165

. .
. .
.
) ( Litter
.
.
. .
.
.
:
) (1000
)) ( Diameter at Breast Height (DBH 8
. ) ( Basal Area
) . (
) (Local volume table
) ( Standard volume table

. .
667
) : ( 302
)(
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
20
20
30
27
30
24
34
34
40
37
34
37
47
34
30
54
27
24
17
27
14
4
7
10
4
4
4
674
)(
)(2
)(3
)(3
)(2
8.5
8.25
8.99
9.45
9.88
9.92
11.58
9.47
12.19
11.92
12.67
12.78
12.03
11.88
12.32
13.10
13.40
13.08
13.92
14.13
14.42
15.00
13.67
14.88
17.00
12.00
16.00
2.94
2.21
1.85
2.65
2.37
3.41
5.69
5.81
3.62
6.09
5.16
6.31
7.93
6.62
8.39
10.26
8.04
7.69
10.93
11.21
13.50
19.64
11.26
14.19
12.57
12.57
7.07
0.032
0.037
0.045
0.053
0.062
0.071
0.091
0.087
0.120
0.131
0.154
0.171
0.178
0.192
0.217
0.250
0.277
0.292
0.334
0.364
0.398
0.443
0.432
0.500
0.606
0.458
0.643
0.643
0.736
1.340
1.430
1.873
1.706
3.102
2.943
4.810
4.854
5.224
6.327
8.351
6.533
6.506
13.489
7.466
7.011
5.677
9.833
5.577
1.772
3.026
5.001
2.424
1.834
2.572
122.06
0.101
0.127
0.236
0.257
0.339
0.319
0.523
0.601
0.804
0.840
0.865
1.049
1.477
1.178
1.140
2.244
1.221
1.178
0.903
1.546
0.862
0.264
0.495
0.755
0.322
0.342
0.363
20.351
3000
. ) (1
11 ) (3 ) (2 11
) (Under stocked . ) (2
) (2
) : ( 303

)(
)(
)(3
)(2
)(1
890
18.18
10.61
0.161
0.029
)(2
310
21.97
14.34
0.278
0.041
)(3
790
17.73
11.49
0.154
0.027
668
) ( 302 23
) (54 . 29 32 33 34
) 4 / ( %50 10
20 . .
) ( r=0.901
. ) ( 302

.
) ( 302 674
15 . 50
) ( Intermediate cutting .
0.181
0.030 . ) (
50 2.441 .
) ( Silviculture
) (Sustained yield . ) (303 .
) (8 . ) (40
) (51 . ) (20 .
.
33 3.7/ 3/ .
) ( 304
) ( Ecotype
160 . %17.96
.
Thaumetopoea fityocampa Schiff. 90 . %10.10
57
.
669
) : ( 304

891

160
%17.96
90
%10.10
57
%6.4
3000
.
.
670
)(317
2003
.
.
. 950.26.

32 36.435
) (GPS ) (1 1000 2
021 56.000 780 .%21 ) (2 1000 2
) ( 1 . ) (3
32 36.450
021 56.222 1500 2 787 % 7 .
021 56.207

32 36.466
) (4 2000 2
784 % 10 .
) ( . ) 20 ( 2 .

.
671
) : ( 305
/2
12
0.91
0.11
0.01
0.05
0.50
0.07
44
0.23
0.07
0.03
0.13
123
0.16
0.09
0.11
0.50
132
0.25
0.16
0.21
0.96
402
3.19
5.30
17.48
21.30
98.33
2.00
0.13
719
21.66
100.00
6500

%21.66
. %21.30
%98.33 .

) (309/308/307/306 ) (1
6
. . %20 ) (3
%7 ) (2) (4 )(2
%21 ) (4
%10 .
.
) ( 306 ).(1
20
1.50
0.20
10
0.50
0.07
0.01
10
0.00
340
0.21
0.00
430
0.33
0.15
0.65
360
3.57
5.94
17.02
21.38
10
2.00
0.13
0.01
1180
%
0.04
22.09
672
) ( 307 ).(2
10
80
0.17
0.05
0.04
330
3.84
4.37
18.98
13.11
420
%
0.00
13.15
) ( 308 ).(3
27
0.31
0.01
0.003
153
0.23
0.07
0.108
67
0.20
0.10
0.065
93
0.28
0.24
0.228
527
2.55
6.73
20.04
35.428
867
35.832
) ( 309 ).(4
0.07
0.13
0.15
0.1
0.005
390
2.81
4.15
13.87
16.185
400
%
0.006
16.196
) ( 310 .
14
14.28
123
4.07
362
187
51.65
43
11.87
428
23
5.37
21
5.00
0.70
6500
) ( 310
23 .

%51.65 .
.
21
) 3 ( .
673

) . (3 223
9 19.89 3.82 9.99 2

% 20.789 % 49.89 .
) (2.
) ( 311
) ( 311
0.66
3.74
1.83
10.28
10.98
61.68
0.16
0.93
0.16
0.93
0.49
2.80
0.99
5.61
0.66
3.74
0.16
0.93
1.49
8.41
1.16
0.93
17.80
601
% 17.80 61.68
% 10.98 .
) ( %1.83 %10.28 %1.49

%8.41 . % 0.99
% 5.61 . % 0.66 %3.74 .

%0.50
.
) ( 312
0.29
11.48
5.92
4.04
0.54
0.20
20.88
377.51
132.80
0.11
1.92
0.87
674
) (312 377.51
132.80 11.48 5.92

0.87 0.20
) : ( 313
40
50
35
35
50
176
123
58
394
) (313 394
%35 . 176 123

58 .%50 - %35
675
) ( )(318
2003 .
%50
2907.5.
) (1
32 36.972 022 20.886 429
) (2 32 36.919 022 20.369 423
) (3 32 36.662 022 20.012
426 ) (4 32 36.500 022 15.838

491 .
50
. 20
.
) (314 % 20.45
% 28.25 % 51.12
.
% 8.23
% 40.24
%6.48 % 31.71
% 2.24 %10.98
. %2 %9.76
%1 %4.88
%0.25 %1.22
676
) ( 314 )( ) (
33
8.23
40.24
2.24
10.98
0.25
1.22
26
6.48
31.71
2.0
9.76
1.0
4.88
0.25
1.22
114
28.25
205
51.12
401
100.00
100.00
= 20.45
= 28.25
= 51.12
) ( 315 ) (
8.23
68.52
56.39
1.0
46.52
4.65
6.48
52.13
33.78
2.00
72.14
14.43
) (315 56.39
33.78
14.43
4.65
. ) (316 .
) : ( 316 ) (
90
60
25
70
15
35
15
3400
650
175
2375
125
375
3400 2375
%90 % 70
%60 650 .
375 % 35
%25 175 .
%15 125 .

677
) ( )(319
2003
.
.

.
:
) (1 41.655

32
0220 08.608 663 %2.5 .

0220 08.430 670
) (2 32 42.061
% 2.5
20

) ( 317
) (
34.50
56.56
4.00
656
8.00
13.11
3.50
5.74
2.00
3.28
3.50
5.74
2.00
3.28
0.50
0.82
0.50
0.82
0.50
0.82
0.50
0.82
1.00
1.64
0.30
0.82
22.50
16.5
678
) (317 % 5.5 %2
%3.5 Uiburnum tinus
.
%55.5
% 34.5 % 56.56
. %8 %13.11
%4
% 6.56 % 3.5 % 5.74

%2 % 3.28
%1 % 1.64
%0.5
% 0.82
27.75 .
) ( 317 . %39
%16.5
. ) ( 318 .
) ( 318 ) (
60
60
90
50
50
30
20
85
1600
600
2450
400
600
1350
200
%90 2450
1600
%60 1350
%30 600 %60
%50 400 .
200 %20
. %85 4800
679
)(321
. 2004 - .
.
217.6 .

1000 32 32 096.
2
021 06 769 484 .%2

20 2
.
) ( 319
110
1.22
1.42
1.56
6.24
820
1.17
1.31
10.19
10.74
43.01
40
0.93
1.03
0.41
1.64
90
0.58
0.45
0.40
1.64
20
1.00
0.95
0.19
0.76
80
0.69
0.95
5.00
0.76
3.04
720
1.16
1.45
9.18
10.44
41.81
30
1.45
1.53
3.00
0.45
1.80
1910
24.97
100.00
1000
) (319 %10.5
. %85
%1.56 %0.76 . ) (319
.
.
680
) ( 320 .
80
40
50.00
100
10
10.00
10
10
100.00
1240
520
41.94
100
8.06
40
10
25.00
850
30
3.53
90
10
11.11
10
11.11
1000
Natural Regeneration
520 720 %41.94 100
%8.06 .
) 30 / (
.
) 10 ( .
10 .
. 10
. % 11.11 ) (321 .
) ( 321 .
2.60
8.82
1.73
5.88
19.13
64.70
0.86
2.94
5.21
17.65
29.53
100.00
115
681
% 29.53
5 % 19.13
% 64.70 .
% 5.21 % 17.65
. % 2.60 % 8.82 % 1.73
% 5.88
% 0.86 % 2.94 .
) ( 322 . 321

92.82
21.22
21.00
200.42
3.48
72.85
) (322 % 21
200.42

72.82 21.22
. .
) ( 323 .
) ( 323 .321
100
100
20
20
20
20
720
820
90
30
110
20
) ( 323
% 100 .
820 720 . % 20
110 90 30 20 ) ( .
682
)(322
2003
322 .
.
1512 .

. . .

) 1000 (1
50
21 03.009
) (1 32 16.320

589 32 17.431
021 01.851 589 ) (3
20 59.799 652 ) (4
020 17.911
021 03.156 584 .
32 16.544
.
)1(
) ( 324 .
/2
10
3.00
4.19
19.00
0.42
14.33
10
0.20
0.05
0.01
0.34
10
0.20
0.04
4940
0.10
0.03
1.48
50.51
460
0.21
0.14
0.64
21.84
10
0.18
0.11
0.01
0.34
20
0.18
0.03
0.01
0.34
20
2.25
1.82
0.36
12.28
5480
293
100
12.00
10002
683
) (324
%2.93 %1.48
%50.51
. %49.49
Pistacia terebinthus
Pistacia lentiscus .
.
.
%0.36
%11.54 .
.
.
.
) ( 325 322 .
5840
900
15.41
30
10
33.33
10
10
100.00
490
10
2.04
20
4.08
10002
900 /
%15.41
) 10 / ( .
.

%33.33 20
4.08 .
1000
1512 .

) 4 5 (
) (326 400
.
684
) ( 326

53.33
35.56
8.89
0.25
2.22
11.25
100.00
) (326 % 11.25
% 6 % 53.33

% 4 % 35.56
% 1
% 8.89 % 0.25
% 2.22 .
) ( .
) ( 327
21.91
18.6
10.45
) (327 21.91/

10.45 / 18.6/
.
) ( 328
) : ( 328

30
80
75
100
4940
460
% 80
4940

685
460 % 75
100 . % 30
) ( 329
) ( 329 .
24
73.85
1.5
4.62
2.75
8.46
0.25
0.77
0.50
1.54
0.75
2.31
0.25
0.77
0.25
0.77
0.75
2.31
0.25
0.77
1.0
3.08
0.25
0.77
32.5
100.00
400
) ( 329 % 32.5
% 24
% 73.85 % 2.75
%8.46
% 1.5 % 4.62 )(
% 1 % 3.08 .

0.25 % 0.75 .
686
) ( )(323
2003
.
. 1980 .
) (1 32 27.712
021 11.619 464 ) (2
32 24.137 021 11.556 463 ) (3
32 24.026 021 11.454 459.
20
.
) ( 330 ) (
)(
0.98
7.80
3.93
31.58
1.64
13.16
1.31
10.53
4.26
34.21
0.33
0.87
12.45
305
= 63.56
= 29.84
6.56:
% 12.45
% 51.11 %6.56 .% 29.84
% 4.26
% 34.21 %33 .

687
% 3.93 %31.58
. 1.64
% 13.16 . %1.31
% 10.53 .
%0.98 7.89 ) (
. .
) ( 331
)(
2.91
5.77
42.62
83.33
2.95
5.77
0.98
1.92
0.33
0.64
0.33
0.64
0.33
0.64
0.66
1.28
51.11
) (331 %51.11
% 42.62 % 83.33
. 2.91 % 5.77 .
%0.98 %1.92
% 0.66 % 1.28
. %0.33 %0.64
. . ) (332
) ( .
) ( 332
)(
0.98
54.5
5.34
3.93
32.2
12.65
1.64
44.8
7.35
1.31
24.5
3.21
4.26
61.4
26.16
688

%26.16 61.4 / 2
. 12.65 .
7.35 3.21
) ( 333
)(
20
50
45
30
90
80
200
700
733
260
3400
) (333 %90 3400

733
%45 700 %50
260 %30
. 200
%20 .
689
) ( )(324
2003
1080.

) (1 32 26.086
021 15.271 %10 428 ) (2

32 26.710 021 15.743 404 . %7

50 . 20
) ( 334 ) (
)(
10.34
35.00
16.75
56.67
2.46
8.33
29.55
100.00
203
= 81.76
= 18.22
% 81.76
% 52.21
% 29.55 ) (334
%16.75 % 56.67
%10.34 %35
%2.46 %8.33
690
) ( 335 )(
47.78
91.51
0.98
1.89
2.96
5.66
0.49
0.94
52.21
100.00
% 47.78
% 91.51 % 2.96 % 5.66

%0.98 % 0.49 % 1.89
% 0.94 .
) ( 336 )(
/2
10.34
52.42
54.20
16.75
28.19
47.22
2.46
33.35
8.20
) (336 % 10.34
54.20 .
47.22 % 16.75

8.20
. ) (337
.
) : ( 337
)(
90
60
20
40
100
4750
3100
100
1000
4750
. 3100 %60
1000 %40
100 %20
691
5-3-2
1-5-3-2
2517 3757 4391

) (29 ) (26 ) (40

486
%80 %82 .
) (40 ) (43
685 .
.
-1
) ( Site index ) ( Site class
) ( Dominant ) ( Co- dominant .

) ( Site quality
. :
.
.
% 10

(1 .
(2
.

)( .
692
- .
:
3 101 9.25 ) (2 103
) (101
3.06 .
) 4 105 (
6.10 ) (2 103
9.25
.
) %10 ( ) 4.72( .
2.55 .
2.60 ) 1 102
( 5.25 ) 2 103 (
) (1 ) (2
3 3.5 . ) (1) (2 106
4.4 4 .

13 . 6.32 .
-

2.25 ) (1 210 10.9
) (1 211 .
4.72 % 10
2.88 .

693

2.5 ) (1 208 8
) (2 213 3.95
% 10 . 2.34 .
:
) (1 208 260
8 .
) ( .
2.3 .
1.57 ) (2 301
7.1 ) (1 310 ) ( .
) % 10 ( 4.62 .
2.23 .

6 ) (1 310 ) (
8 ) (3 304 .
% 10 7.33
3.18 .
3.5 ) (2 311 10.56
) (1 312 . % 10
9.70 3.39 .

) (338
694
) : (338

) (
) -(
) (
33
40
33
0.44
0.43
0.41
0.51
316
1
2
3
14.5
17
13.44
315
15.47
30
314
7.33
10
0.73
302
1
2
10.75
11.5
28
25
0.38
0.46
) (
) ( ) ( 8.57 4.66 5.2 11.19 12.31 .
316 302

0.51
) 10 (
) 0.73 / ( .
12.87 30
0.43 . 4.39 .

) ( ) 3.3 ( 3
15 10
. 2.33 .

% 10 .
) (%10 ) ( 4.72 4.70

695
4.62 . 2.54 :
2.88 2.23 .
) %10 (
3.95 4.72
7.33 .
.
.
.
-2
) ( Phenology
.
.
) (4 .
) 308 ( . 2003
Gymnosperms
.
) (104
.
- 3
696
. .
.
.

. ) (339 :
) : (339
- 4

.
) . (340 . 4332 5231
%121 1110 . %26
697
) : (340
22
24
18
17
116
450
25
104
28
577
660
157
512
116
65
685
40
10
32
12
16
25
90
17
65
31
22
31
168
30
12
14
261
247
165
14
103
192
20
12
87
485
208
77
19
13
257
36
346
147
185
42
33
1026
3713 1553
705 . %42 . % 19
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
) : (3 .
2484 1131 879 .

.
. 18 17 21
.
) (4-3 3754
3537 910
.
.
698
4000
3500
3000
2000
1500
2500
1000
500
0
) : (4 .
.
.
.
.
-5
.
.
699

176 100 130 120 10
) (3 .
) ( Clear cut
) (Selective cutting
. .
) (Superior trees .
) (Stump 27
.
.
83 19 3.7
7.10 ) (2
. .
-6
) (341
94.5 /
165.55/ 57.90/
41.31/ 40.2 / 32.75/ .
%100 %20.99 %100 % 22.21
% 86.36 % 15.50 . %16.5 %100

%100 %12.75 %100 %11.84 .
0.18 / 0.21/

0.65 / 1.36/ 1.09/ .
0.22/
2.48/ 0.46/
700
0.20/ 0.32
/ .
(341) :

20.99
100
16.5
100
94.50
4.83
90
0.65
5.87
10.34
2.3
1.97
0.16
80
70
70
40
0.22
0.28
0.18
0.21
6.61
3.41
72.73
72.73
1.0
10
0.20
6.11
54.55
0.32
0.37
40
1.41
3.15
63.64
3.28
/
41.31
22.21
100
12.75
100
165.35
100
1.36
3.73
2.48
0.31
5.94
1.96
/
40.30
15.50
86.36
11.84
100
57.90
86.36
1.09
54.55
72.73
0.46
0.28
7.11
50
/
32.75
16.73
2-5-3-2
-1

. :
222 - 318 319
322 323
. 324
-
) (342 % 6.61
% 32.26
%71 48.35 .
%3.6 %14.36
%57 13.21
.

%2 %14.37
701
% 57
6.87 .
) : (342
)/(
4.78
0.74
29
3.41
32.26
6.61
71
48.75
4.25
0.66
29
4.64
4.01
0.57
42
2.74
0.53
0.08
29
---
14.37
3.60
57
13.21
14.27
1.98
57
6.87
0.17
1.04
14
1.21
5.08
0.57
14
1.49
1.50
0.19
14
0.46
%1.04
%14 1.21
.
%57
1.49 2.74 .
%66 4.64
%29 % 4.25 .
) 323 (
% 1.5 0.46 .
-
) (343 222 308

318
322 319
319
.
702
) (344 %9.14
%39.23 . %100
%1.89 % 18.45
. %58
%1.64 .
) ( %2.4 %63
) ( 343 *
319
%
%
3.28
2
0.82
0.5
56.56
34.5
1.64
1
3.56
4
13.33
8
3.5
3.5
0.5
0.5
0.3
5.74
5.74
0.82
0.82
0.82
322

%
%
24
0.75
1.5
73.85
2.31
4.62
0.75
8.46
0.75
0.25
0.25
2.31
0.77
0.77
0.25
0.77
3.08
323

%
%
0.98
2.95
42.62
2.91
0.33
1.92
5.77
83.33
5.77
0.64
324

%
%
0.49
47.78
2.96
0.98
0.94
91.51
5.66
1.89
* 318 308 222

%6.51 %3.44 % 27.37 % 12.20
%78 %69 .
% 4.96
703
% 0.89
.
-
) (344 % 10.78 %35.11

%71
% 7.04 %16.34
%42 .
%1.67
%2.18

): (344
)(%
)(%
)(%
)(%
)(%
)(%
)(%
)(%
)(%
9.14
39.23
100
6.51
27.37
78
10.78
35.11
71
1.64
8.96
86
3.44
12.30
69
3.3
10.70
59
1.89
18.45
58
3.24
17.05
64
0.60
4.49
48
0.69
2.55
29
1.04
4.10
50
0.79
2.80
59
0.48
2.32
58
0.83
4.67
69
0.41
5.17
36
1.08
3.40
43
1.18
4.18
55
0.63
4.69
47
0.31
2.02
29
0.86
2.85
32
1.39
4.32
47
0.46
2.11
37
0.04
0.10
12
0.92
4.87
43
1.76
6.33
59
7.56
16.34
42
0.77
3.51
29
0.98
4.52
14
0.53
2.39
29
0.51
2.77
37
1.31
7.06
53
1.52
7.62
15
0.18
0.76
28
0.23
0.67
18
0.07
0.75
15
0.25
0.43
18
0.05
0.11
15
021.
0.44
9.50
0.15
1.87
12
0.35
1.45
21
0.15
0.05
0.29
1.19
15
0.03
0.07
0.07
0.13
12
0.07
0.43
29
0.03
0.07
0.14
50
15
0.53
1.83
24
0.05
0.04
66
0.03
0.12
0.07
0.30
0.07
0.27
0.08
1.14
12
0.12
0.68
14
0.06
0.10
12
0.01
0.06
0.03
0.06
704
6-3-2
1-6-3-2

. .
: ) ( )(
)(
) ( )( )(
- .
.

)) (( Achillea fragrantissima (Forsk.) Sch. Bip.
) . (Achillea santolina L. -
. Bupleuroum fruticosum
1985 .

.
.
) (
.
) (1
: ) (
Achillea fragrantissima ) (Asteraceae ) (Apiaceae
Bupleurum fruticosum ) . (1985 Ranunculus arvensis

lathyrus digitatus . Osyris alba Osyris ) (Santalaceae
1994 . Smyrnium creticum

705
)2002( . 12
) (1965 .
.
Silybum marianum
Urgenia maritima
Achillea fragrantissima
Achillea santolina
Quercus coccifera
Salvia fruticosa
Rhus tripartita
Capsella bursa-pastoris
Teucrium polium
/ /
Peganum harmala
Plantago psyllium
P. phaeostoma
Parietaria officinalis
Melilotus indicus
Ammi majus / A. visnaga
Ceratonia siliqua
)(
Thapsia garganica
Nerium oleander
Laurus nobilis
Marrubium vulgare
Globularia alypum
Thymus capitatus
) (
Satureja thymifolia
Olea europea var. oleaster
Ephedra alata / E. altissima
Ziziphus lotus
Hyoscyamus albus
Juniperus phoenicea
Foenuculum vulgare
Artemisia herba-alba
)(
Conium maculatum
706
) ( 1
Juniperus oxycedrus
Helichrysum stoechas
Phagnalon rupestre
Ephedra alata / E. altissima
Asphodelus macrocarpus
/ /
Withania somnifera
/ /
Ecbalium elaterium
Rubia tinctorum
Polygonum maritimum
Pituranths tortousus
Cynara coringea
Capparis spinosa
)( /
Nasturtium officinalis
Ferula tingitana
Rosmarinus officinalis
/ /
Myrtus communis
Erodium moschatum
Bupleurum fruticosum
/ /
Adiantum capillus-veneris
707
2-6-3-2
: / / / / -1
* :
Myrtus communis L.
* : / Myrtaceae
* :
. ) ( )(
. 8
.
* :
.
* :
) ( .
. .
* :
. .
.
.
* :
. ) (
. .
.
.
. Eau d`ange .
)( .
.
.
.

708
* :
. 24
. . )(

) ( . ) 10 -7(
. .
12-7 .
. .%78
: -2
* Rosmarinus officinalis L. :
* : )( )Lamiaceae (Labiatae
* :
2.80 .
. . 2
.
.
* :
.borneol, cineole monoterpene hydocarbones camphors, linalol, verbanol,
diosmine .
* :
* :
. . ) (
. .
.
. .
709
: -3
* :
Thymus capitatus (L.) Hofm. & Link
* Cordiothamus capitatus (L.) Reichenb, Satureja capitata L. :

* : )(
)Lamiaceae (Labiatae
* :
20 50 .
. -
.
* :
* :
: -4
* Teucrium polium L. :
* : Lamiaceae
* :
30 60 .
. .
* :
* :
. .
710
: -5
* Marrubium vulgare L. :
* )( )Lamiaceae (Labiatae
* :
60 .
- . .
.
* :
* :
Globularia arabica Jaud. & Spach. G. alypum L. : -6

* Globulariaceae :
* :
.
. . 4
* :
Globularin .
* :
) ( .
: -7
* Helichrysum stoechas (L.) Moench :
* : )Asteraceae (Compositae
* :
. .
. .
* : .
* :
711
: -8
* Artemisia herba-alba Asso :

* : )Asteraceae (Compositae
* :
30 . -
. .
200
* :
. Sterols, santonine, thujone
* :
: -9
* Capparis spinosa Linn. :

* : Capparaceae
* :
.
. .
. .
. .
* :
) %0.91 : (alkaloids %0.86 %0.02 %0.04 .
. stachydrine . Glaucocapparin .
* :
. .
) ( .
.
712
: / / -10
* Urginea maritima L. :
* : Liliaceae
* :
. 7 20 .
.
.
. 2 . . .
.
* :
* :
.
.
: / -11
* Juniperus phoenicea L. :
* : ) ( Cupressaceae
* :
. ) 14-6 ( ) (
9-3.
* :
.
* :
* :
713
: / / -12
* Adiantum capillus-veneris L. :
* : Adiantaceae
* :
. .
35-5
7 .
.
.
.
* :
.
* :
* :
.
. .
: -13
* Achillea santolina L. :
* : Asteraceae
* :
30 . .
. .
* :
.
* :
.
714
: / -14
* ) Achillea fragrantissima (
* :
50 .
. .
. .
* :
) %1.0 59( ) (Flavonoides
) (keissoside . Sesquiterpene lactones

* :
) (Bupleurum fruticosun (umbelliferae) Apiaceae

) ( .
715
4-2

:
- .
. . . 1-4-2

.
: 1-1-4-2
* Juniperus Phoenicea
. .
) . ( Keith, 1965
.
) (AImaswari and Saeed ,1990

0.5 3
) . (pseudomonas syringae pv savastanoi
) . ( Mgendi, 1998
1988
Tisserat 1988) Botryosphaeris stevensii (
716

90
) . ( Nus, Tisserat,1988
Kansas
Texas ) . ( Tisserat,et.al , 1991 ) ( Humphreys, 1977

Suffk . %60
. Coniothyrium fuckelli ) ( Foster.et.al,1973

. Phomopsis juniperorvera
) (Madar and iriam,1998
Juniperus oxycedrus
. Phomopsis occulta Marlal ) (Mgendi,1988

Cercospora sp .
Sooty mold

Fumago sp . Limacinia
) . ( Huges,1976
) (Kistler and Merrill,1978
. Lododermium pinastri
Gymnosporangiuma juniperi virgianae
) . ( Agrios,1978
) (Kim and Kim, 1983
) ( Hilber et,al.,1990

717
Gymnosporangium fuscum
15 20 .
10
)(Sakuma,1992
G. asiaticum
* ) ( Olea europaea L.

.
30 45

) 1947 .( Keith,1965
. pseudomonas syringae pv.savastanoi
Savastano ( Smith,1934,1941 ) 1889

. ) (Ben saad et.al., 1965

Pseudomonas pv.savastanoi syringae
) . ( 1987
Cycloconium oleaginum
Mission .
.
) ( Wilson and Miller, 1949 ) (Wilhelm, and Taylor, 1965
Verticillium sp
.
. .
Phytophthora cinnamomi .

). ( Tippet et . al., 1978
* " Eucalyptus sp " :

40
718
) . ( Siddiqi,1986
. Xanthomonas campestris pv eucalypti
1965 1970
) . ( 1996

. ) . ( 1996
Phytophthora cinnamomi
) (Tippet and Hill, 1938

Byrt , Tippet,1938

P.cinnamomi 11 9
28 14 28 .
) (Shearer et,al , 1987 P.cinnamomi
30
30 .

) (Tippet, 1987 P.cinnamomi
28 .
* Quercus sp
. Phytophthora cinnamomi

) . (Bier, 1964 ) (Robin et.al. , 1994
.
. ) (Harris and Roth, 1975

.
* Ceratonia siliqua L .
. Legumonaceae

719
.
) . ( Kieith, 1965 ) (Grant and Spaulding,1939
Necteria galligena

. 1992 Oidium ceratonia
. Pseudomonas andropogonis

) . ( 1996
* Pinus halepensis Mill

. ) (Skilling,1974

.
. .
: 2-1-4-2
* Armillaria rot
Armillaria mellea

.

) . ( Agrios, 1978
* :
Agrobacterium tumefaciens

720
.
). (Agrios, 1978
: 3-1-4-2

) . (Agrios,1978
Dwarf mistletoe .

. ) (Mgend,1998
.
: 4-1-4-2

) . ( Bier,1964
. (Kozlowski , Kramer,
) 1960
. ) (Bloomberg and Farris,1963
.
) (Mgendi, 1998

.
: 5-1-4-2
) 1989 . (1993
)(Cararo , 1959
Kranz 1962
Meloidogyne hapla M. arenaria M.javanica. M. incognita Pucci
721
1963 1965 Meloidogyne hapla
M.javanica. M. incognita
) (Siddiqui,1982
Pratylenchus spp. Meloidogyne spp. Tylenchulus semipentrans spp.
.
.
6-1-4-2
1979 28

) ( Ozkazane and Okday,1980 :

)Calliptomus italicus L. (Orthoptera: Acrididae
)Dociostourus moroccanus Thump (Orthoptera: Acrididae
)Phloesinus bicolor Brull. (Coleoptera: Scolytidae
)Cetonia aurata (Coleoptera: Carabeidae
)Apata monacha Fabr. (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae
)Zeuzera pyrina L. (Lepidoptera: Cossidae
)Thaumetopoea pityocampa Schiff. (Lepidoptera: Thaumelopoeidae
)Phorocantha semipunetata Fabr. (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae
)( 1980

.
. ) (El- Ghariani, 1992 2000
) (1998 Malacosoma neustria
722
1998
.
2000 ) ( .
*

. %100
) . ( Zhang,1970

Tetranychidae
1102 ) . ( Zhang,1980
) (
. Prostigmata Polyphagous
egg Larva protonymph Deutonymph . Adult stage
Prostigmata ) . ( Hussey,1976

) (Astarita et .al.,1994 , Hussy and Huffaker , 1976 .
. 1990-1989
1980 Tetranychidae
1988
.
1999-1998 .
* :
723
) ( Order Rodentia
.
.
. .
350
6-3 10-9 .
1700
. )(Hufnagle,1972
Microtus muster vole .
31
. ) ( Spalax ehrenbergi Mole rat

.
)(
)(
.
) (Hufnagle, 1972 Rattus rattus
250 .

) . ( 1999
* :
.
.

) (Hufnagle, 1972 Lepus capensis
) ( Gastropoda .

724
) ( ) ( Slugs ) . (Snails
.
) ( Slugs
Agriolimax Limax . Arion ) ( Snails .
: .
. 2-4-2
* :
:
- .
- .
- .
-
.
- .
* :
1-2-4-2
(
-1 :

. .

) ( .
.
725
.
( :
) ( Christie and Perry,1951 .

-2
(
) (Whitehead and Hemming,1965

:
congo red
.

) ( nutrient agar . King's B
30
) (sodium hypochlorite,1.5% 5-3 .
). ( Buchanan et.al., 1974; Schaad, et.al., 2001
726
( :
:
- .
) ( potato dextrose agar, PDA ) ( lactic acid 20 / .
) (sodium hypochlorite, 1.5% 25 .
. .
- :
) . ( Alexopoulos and Mims, 1979; Talbot1978; Agrios,1988; Barnet and Hunter, 1972
( :
:
-1 ) ( Christie and Perry, 1951
24 ) (TAF
5 . ) (desiccator .
-2 ) ( Whitehead and Hemming,1965

500 45 .
) (TAF 5
.
727
-1 ) . ( Young,1954
24 ) . (TAF
5 .
-2 ) ( Flegg,1967

45-500 .
) . (TAF 5 .
.

) ( Goody, 1957 ; Heyns, 1971 ; Mia, 1975 ; Southey, 1978 .
: 2-2-4-2
:
(1 :
.

.
:
- .
) ( ) (
.
728
(2 :

.
.
) ( Borror and Delong, 1970 ). (Borror and White , 1970
: 3-2-4-2
( :
.
.
.
) . ( Franco et.al.,1979
( :
729

730
) ( 4
3-4-2
-:
: 1-3-4-2
: :
1 :
- : Spots

Pseudomonas syringae

Shot holes
. Xanthomonas
Xanthomonas sp
Fam : Pseudomonadaceae
Ord : Pseudomonadales
:
5-1
shot - hole
. )(1
731
) (1
%50
* :
) ( .
Alternaria sp.
Dematiaceae
Moniliales
. )(2
) ( 2
732
- -
- - .

) ( :
Pseudomonas andropogonis
Pseudomonadaceae
Peudomonadales
1-0.5

. )(3
:
) ( 3
- - - - - - -
- - - - - .

.
:
Xanthomonas sp .
Pseudomonadaceae
Pseudamonadales

3-1

. shote hole )(4
) ( 4

733
- .
.
:
Alternaria sp
Dematiaceac
Moniliales

. )(5
:
) ( 5
- .
.
* :
Xanthomonas sp
Pseudomonadaceae
Pseudomonadales

. shote hole )(6
) ( 6
.
.
734
Alternaria sp
Dematiaceae
Monilales

. )(7
:
) ( 7
) ( .
.
* :
:Diplodia sp.

Sphaeropsidaceae
Sphaeropsidales

. )(8
:
) ( 8
Alternaria sp.
Dematiaceae
Moniliales
. )(9
) ( 9
735
.
* :

Alternaria sp.
Dematiaceae
Moniliales
). (10
:
) ( 10

.
- Cankers :

. .
736
) 11 ( .
)(
) ( 11
)(
) (
737
.
.

. ) ( 12
:
) ( 12

) (
.
- Wilting :
Fusarium oxysporum schlechtn-dahl
Verticillium albo-atrum Fusarium sp

Verticillium sp
""

.
*
Fusarium sp.
Tuberculariaceae
) (13
Moniliales
.)(13

738
.
- : Rot
* :

:
Pythium sp.
Pythiaceae
Peronosporales

. ) ( 14

12.
) ( 14

739
* :
Sclerotium , Fusarium , Thielaviopsis , Pythium
.
:
) 15(
. ) 15 ( .
) 15 - (
) 15 (
.
.
* :

:
Sclerotium sp
Aphyllophorales

. ) ( 16
:
- .

) ( 16
740
-2 : Malformation

* : Tumers
galls
warts knots Blisters

.
. :
:
Rhizobaceae

30-1

. ) ( 17
:
) ( 17

.
:
Rhizobaceae
15-5
.
:
741
Rhizobaceae
50
.
:
:
:
Pseudomonas syringae pv. savastanoi

Pseudomonadaceae
Pseudomonadales

. )(18
) ( 18
.

. .
:
:
:
Pseudomonas syringae pv. savastanio

Pseudomonadaceae
Pseudomonadales
) 19 (
.

742
) ( -
- - - - -
- - - -
.

.
-3 :
) -19 (
) -19 (

.
.

* :

:
Oidium ceratonia
Erysiphaceae
Erysiphales
.
:
743
* :
:
Erysiphaceae
Erysiphales
. )(20
:
) ( 20
: :
30 45
.
-1 :
- , Rotylenchus Helicotylenchus ) (Spiral nematodes
) Hoplolaimus ( Hoplolamidae Tylenchida

.
744

.
:
* Rotylenchus .
:
:
.
-.
: .
: .
* Helicotylenchus .
:
-: .
-:
-: .
-: .
* Hoplolaimus :
-: -.
-: .
- : .
Tylenchorhyenchus .Tylenchus Tylenchorhynchidae Tylenchida

Macroposthonia ) (Criconemoides .Criconematidae
Epidermis Tylenchorhyenchus
.
:
* Tylenchorhyenchus
:
: .
745
: .
: .
: .
* Tylenchus .
:
: .
: )(.
: .
: -
.
: )( - -
.
: .
: .
: .
: )(
: .
: .
: .
: .
: .
: .
: .
: .
* Macroposthonia
: - )( .
: .
: .
746
Longidorus Xiphinema Longidoridae. Dorylaimida

:
.
:
1 Longidorus .
:
: . .
: .
: -.
* Xiphinema .
:
: -.
: .
: -2 :
* Pratylenchus Pratylenchida Tylenchida

.
:
.
:
Pratylenchus . :
: )(
.
: -
: .
: -.
: .
: .
747
* Meloidogyne Heteroderidae Tylenchida

. .
:
.
.
:
Meloidogyne .
:
: .
: .
. -:
* Eudorylaimus Dorylaimidae . Dorylaimida

.
:
: .
: .
: .
: -
: .
: .
* Leptonchus Leptonchoidae . Dorylaimida
. .
:
: .
: .

748
: .
: .
: .
* Acrobeles Cephalopidae Rhabditida

.
:
Acrobeles
: .
: .
: .
* Rhabditis Rhabditidae Rhabditida

.
:
: - .
: .
: .
: .
: .
: .
: .
: .
: .
* Cephalopus - Cephalopida Rhabditida

.
:
Cephalopus :
: .
* Monochus Mononchidae .Mononchida

.
749
: .
: .
: .
: .
: .
: - .
* Labronema DorylaimidaeDorylamida
:
:
: .
: .
: - .
: .
: .
: .
: .
* Psilenchus Tylenchidae .Tylenchida
:
Psilenchus :
: .
: )( .
: .
2500 .

Orchids

Mistletoes
750
Dodder .
* :
Cuscuta sp.
:
)) ((
) . - 21 (
)(
) - 21 (
)(
751

) ( water stress
) (

.
. :
* :
). (22
: .
) (22
* :
). (

) (23
1998
1993 . 2001
752
) (23

.
.
:
* :
.
:
* :
.
:

. )(24
:
) (24
-4 :
: .

. )(25
:

.
) ( 25
753
* :
:
:
. )(26
:
.
) ( 26
: :
Tree Moss
Symbiosis

)
%300 - %100 (
754

.
:
-:

: Crustose Lichens
1
.
: Foliose Lichens

.
Froticos Lichens

.
: Sauqulose Lichens
755
:
( :

. ) 27 (
) - 27 (
) 27 (
756
. )(28
( :

.
(
) ( 28
.
( :
( :

)(29
) ( 29
( :
.
( :
757
: 2-3-4-2
: :
-1 )Malacosoma neustria (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae
) . (30

) ( 30

. ) ( Outbreaks .
-2
)Thaumetopoea pitycampa (Lepidoptera: Thaumetoeidae
) (31
758
) :( 31

.
.
-3 )Chilo agammenon (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae
: .
: ) ( .
.
.
.
.
-4 )Tettigonia sp. (Orthoptera: Tettigonidae
: .

) . (32
.
) (32

-5 )Dociostaurus maroccanus (Orthoptera: Acrididae
:
.
) (33

759
) ( 33

) 5(
.
-6
)Anacridium aegyptium (Orthoptera: Acrididae
: .

.
6-5

) :( 34
. )(34
-7 )Parlatoria sp. (Homoptera: Diaspididae
: .
: .

. 100
3 2 .
.
760
-8 )Lepidosaphes beckii ( Homeptera: Diaspididae
: .
: .

2.5 1.5 .
.
. 4 3
.
-9 )Saissetia oleae ( Homopteraa: Coccidae
: .
H 6 5 3.5 4 2.5
8 .
.
.
-10 )Bemisia sp . ( Homoptera: Aleyrodidae
: /

. 7
. .
761
-11 )Forda riccobonii ( Homopteraa: Aphididae

:
A B
.
: ) ( .
. Pistacia

) . (35
)( .

) ( 35
-12 )Psylla sp. (Homopteraa: Psyllidae
: ) (
.
10 .
-13 )Cicadatra sp. ( Homopteraa: Cicadidae
: .

50
850

). (36
) (36
)
(
762
-14 )Euphyllura olivina ( Homoptera: psyllidae
: /
.
:
.

. )(37
) :( 37

.
100

.
.
-15 )Nezara viridula ( Hemiptera: Pentatomidae
: .
: .
scutellum ) (38

4-3

763
) ( 38
-16 )Rhesus serricollis ( Coleoptera: Cerambycidae
: )
( .
) (39
.

) 10-8(
) :( 39

(
.
. .
- 17 )Trichoferus griceus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae

:

....
.
.
. .
) (40

. )(40
764
18
- )Hylotrupes sp. ( Coleoptera: Cerambycidae
- ) (
). (41

) (41

.
: .
) ( 41

) :( 41 Cerambycidae
) (
765
-19
)Julodis sp. (Coleoptera: Buprestidae
:
:
) (42

.
) ( 42
-20 )Agrypnus sp. (Coleoptera: Elateridae

:

3 .

.
.
-21 )Scolytus sp. ( Coleoptera: Scolytidae
: /
:
).(43

.
766
) :(43

-22 )Mylabris cincta ( Coleoptera: Meloidae
: .
)(
) (44
.

.
) (44

- 23 ) ( )(Hemiptera: Agromyzidae
:
) (45

) (45
767
) (46 )(

)( )(
.
) :(46

-:
- 1 )Gryllus bimaculatus (Orthoptera: Gryllidae
). (47
) :(47

768
- 2 )Acheta domestica ( Orthoptera: Gryllidae

.
. )(48
- 3 )Helicomius festyvus ( Neuroptera: Ascalaphidae

- 4 )Chrysopa vulgaris (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae
) (50-49

.
Ascalaphidae
) (48
.
.
) :( 50
) :( 49
- 5 )Hypiscoryphe gracilis ( Dictyoptera: Mantidae

- 6 )Amedes aegyptica ( Dictyoptera: Mantidae
) (52 51

. .

769
) :(51
) :(52
- 7 )Agrotis ipsilon ( Lepidoptera: Noctuidae

) (53
.

2000 1500 .
.
) :(53
- 8 )Malacosoma neustria (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae
. ) (Outbreaks .
770
- 9 )Zeuzera pyrina (Lepidoptera: Cossidae

.
) (54
.
):(54
.
- 10 )Ocneria atlantica (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae
Noctuidae
) (55
.
Lemonia philopalus ( Lepidoptera: Lemoniidae) - 11
) :(55
) . (56
.
) Lemonia philopalus:( 56
)( Lepidoptera: Lemoniidae
771
- 12 )Oryctes nasicornis ( Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae

- 13 )Corpis sp. ( Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae
) . (58 57
.
.
) :( 58
) :( 57
- 14 )Hylotrupes sp. ( Coleoptera: Cerambycidae

.
.
- 15 )Trichoferus griceus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae
....

.
.
.
. ) (59
) :(59
. .

772
-16 )Macrotoma scutellaris (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae

. 9 7 .
.
.
17 )Macrotoma palmata (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae
.
Cebrio sp. ( Coleoptera: Cebrionidae) -18
) (60
.
.
.
) (60
Cebrio sp.
Aphodius sp. ( Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae ) -19

). (61
.
.
) (61
Aphodius sp.
773
Melanotus sp. ( Coleoptera: Elateridae) - 20

. ). (62
) :(62
Melanotus sp
- 21 )Nebris sp. (Coleoptera: Carabidae
) . (63

.
) :(63
Nepris sp
- 22 ) Tenebriodes sp. ( Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae

) (64
11 .
.
) :(64
774
- 23 )Lasioderma serricorne ( Coleoptera: Anobiidae

. .
.
100

5-4 .
- 24 )Ptinus sp. (Coleoptera: Ptinidae

) (65
) (65
- 25 )Mordellistena sp. ( Coleoptera: Mordellidae
. .
. .
. .
Cicadatra sp. ( Homoptera: Cicadidae) -26
50
850
) :( 67

) . (66
775
) (66
- 27
3
) (67
4
.

.
) :(67
-28 )Carpocoris pudicus ( Hemiptera: Pentatomidae

10 ) . (68
.
) :(68
- 29
)Sehirus melamopterus (Hemiptera: Cydnidae
) (69
7 Pentatomidae

.
.
)Cydnidae: Sehirus (69
melamopterus

776
: 3-3-4-2

.
.
150
.
.
-:
- 1 : Tetranychidae
.
.
%60 %100 .
) ( )
(
. :
macdaniell, Oligonychus coffea T. ulmi, Tetranychus macdanieli Brevipalpus Panonuchus citri, T.
olea , Breripalpus nissulue T. telarius .
.
* : Tetranychus urtica
) . ( Jeppson et.al.1975
150

) . ( 1998
:
777
-:
- - -
.
:
.
.
.
.
* Tetranychus cinnabarinus .

.
:
.
:
- - -
.
:
Bryobia spp :
. Bmbiculus, B. Paractiosa :

778
) ( .
.
:
%50-40
-2 ) Tennipalpidae (

. E.vitis cE. Pruni , Ceria Scheldenis Eutetranychus orientales :
:
* :
Phytoseiidae . Laelapidae

)
( .
.
779
) (

. .
:
- . :
. Bryobia sp
-3 Phytoseiidae

). Phytoseiulus persimilis( Athias- Henriot

1957
) (1999
.
:
5 80 5.4
75-60 .
:
) ( .
780
* Opiliones

.
- Trogulidae, Phalangiidae, Nemastomatidae 15

) ( .
Araneidae - Linyphiidae
- .
-4 Trogulidae
.
.
- .
: Araneida
781
.
.
:
) ( .
: Mollusca

.
:
-1 Helix manalostoma
40-25 .
.
:
-2 Helix aspersa
35-25
.
:
-3 Helix hortensis
. 50-30 .
:
782
-4 Limax arion hortensis :
4 .
.
:
.
:
) ( ) ( .
-5 Agriolimax agrestis
.
:
: :
) ( Rodentia
1700 50
. .
-1 ) ( :
) (
.
:
783
- - - - - -
-2 Microtus muster :
.
.
:
.
:
- .
-3 Rattus ratius :
.
:
784
4-3-4-2
:
)(101
) ( 1
) . ( 2
) ( 1
Alternaria sp.
P. andropogonis
Xanthomonas sp.
""
Rotylenchus spp.
) ( 2
Scolytus sp.
)(Coleoptera: Scolytidae
Anacridium aegyptium
)(Orthoptera: Acrididae
Euphyllura olivina
)(Homoptera: Aphididae
Thaumetopoea pitycampa
Lepidoptera:Thaumetoeidae
Forda riccobonii
Psylla sp.
)(Homopteraa: Psyllidae
)(Diptera: Agromyzidae
1 .
)
(
) (
785
)(102
) ( 3
) .( 4
) ( 3
Eudorylaimus spp.
""
""
Alternaria sp.
Rotylenchus spp.
Tylenchus spp.
) ( 4
Scolytus sp
Coleoptera: Scolytidae
Forda riccobonic
(Homopteraa
) Aphididae
Psylla sp
)(Homoptera Psyllidae
786

) (
)(103

) .( 5 ) .( 6
) ( 5
Eudorylaimus spp.
""
Rotylenchus spp.
Tylenchus spp.
) ( 6
Scolytus sp.
)( Coleoptera: Scolytidae
Forda riccobonii
787

) (
)(104

) ( 7
) .( 8
) ( 7
Xanthomonas sp.
""
""
Eudorylaimus spp.
Rotylenchus spp.
Tylenchus spp.
) ( 8
Forda riccobonii
Diptera
) (
788

) (

.

)(105

) ( 9 ) .( 10
) ( 9
Fusarium sp.
Hoplolaimus spp.
Rotylenchus spp.
""
""
Xanthomonas sp.
Tylenchus spp.
Tylenchorhyenchus spp.
) ( 10
Psylla sp.
)(Homoptera: Psyllidae
) (
Forda riccobonii
)
(
Tetranychus cinabarinus
Brevipalpus calitornicus
Tetranychus. ulmi
Bryobia paractosa
Antipa sp.
)( Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae
Scolytus sp.
1 .
Hylotrupes sp.
)( Coleoptera: Cerambycidae
Tetranychus uticae
Tetranychus uticae
Tetranychus uticae
789
- )(106

) (11
).( 12
) ( 11
Fusarium sp.
Alternaria sp.
Agrobacterium
tumefaciens
Xanthomonas sp.
""
Xanthomonas sp.
) ( 12
Psylla sp.
Forda riccobonii
Antipa sp.
)( Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae
Scolytus sp.
Hylotrupes sp.
790
) (

.
1
)(107

) (13 ).(14
) ( 13
Longidorus spp.
Xanthomonas sp.
A. tumefaciens
Alternaria sp.
Xanthomonas sp.
Rotylenchus spp.
Helicotylenchus spp.
) ( 14
Dociostaurus maroccanus
Psylla sp.
Malacosoma neustria
(Lepidoptera:
)Lasiocampidae
Euphyllura olivina
)( Homoptera: Psyllidae

.

.

791
)(108
) (15
).(16
) ( 15
Rotylenchus spp.
Tylenchus spp.
Psilenchus spp.
) ( 16

Psylla sp.
Malacosoma neustria
)(Lepidoptera: lasiocampidae
Euphyllura olivina

.

.
792

)( )(201
) ( 17 ) .( 18
) ( 17 ) (
P. syringae pv.savastanoi
Pratylenchus spp.
Alternaria sp.
Rhabditis spp.
Fusarium sp.
Tylenchus spp.
Monochus spp.
Rhabditis spp.
) ( 18 )(
Psylla sp.
Euphyllura olivina
Scolytus sp.
Hylotrupes sp.
)(Coleoptera: Cerambycidae

.

.

.
.
1
.

.

.
793
)(202

) (19 ).(20
) ( 19
Podosphaera Leucotricha
Xanthomonas sp.
Macroposthonia spp.
Diplodia. sp.
Alternaria sp.
Tylenchus spp.
Rotylenchus spp.
Xanthomonas sp.
Tylenchus spp.
Tylenchorhynchus spp.
) ( 20
Scolytus sp.
Forda riccobonii
794
) (
)(203

) (21
).(22
) ( 21
Pratylenchus spp.
Rotylenchus spp.
) ( 22
Scolytus sp.
Trichoferus griseus
Forda riccobonii
Brevipalpus aleae
Tetranychus uriticae
Brobia rubiculus
795
) (
)(204
) ( 23
) .( 24
) ( 23
Diplodia sp.
Tylenchus spp.
Alternaria sp.
A. tumefactions
Macroposthonia spp.
) ( 24
Forda riccobonii
Aonidiella aurantii
)(Homoptera: Diaspididae
Scolytus sp.
Scolytus sp.
Nezara viridula
)(Hemiptera: Pentatomidae
796

) (

.
1 .
.
) (205

) ( 25
) ( 26 .
) ( 25
P. syringae
pv.savastanoi.
Agro bacterium tumefaciens
Tylenchus spp.
Alternaria sp.
P. andropogonis.
Hoplolaimus spp.
Fusarium sp.
Rotylenchus spp.
" "
" "
Diplodia sp.
Tylenchus spp.
Rhabditis spp.
) ( 26
Scolytus sp.
)( Lepidoptera: Noctuidae

Hylotrupes sp.
Tettigonia sp.
)( Orthoptera: Tettigonidae
Forda riccobonii
1
.

.

797
.

) (
)(206
) ( 28 - 27
) (27
Xanthomonas sp.
Pseudomonas sp.
shot
hole

Tylenchus spp.
Altenaria sp.
Xanthomonas sp.
""
P. syringae
pv.savastanoi.
Rhabditis spp.
" "
Altenaria sp
" "
Xiphinema spp.
Tylenchus spp
Helicotylenchus spp
798
) (28

Scolytus sp.
Trichoferus griseus
Tetranychus urticae
T. cinabarinus
Euteranychus orientalis
Opiliones
Bryobia paractiosa
Forda riccobonii
Agrotis promrbra
T. ulmi
T. uriticae
) (

799
)(207
.
) ( 29
) .( 30
) (29
P. syringae Pv .savastanoi
Tylenchus spp.
""
Agrobacterium tumefatiens
" "
Alternaria sp.
Tylenchus spp.
Tylenchus spp.
) ( 30
Euphyllura olivina
Saissetia oleae
)(Homoptera: Coccidae
Forda riccobonii
Scolytus sp.
Hylotrupes sp.

) (

.

800
)(208

) .( 31
) .( 32
) ( 31
) (
P. syringae pv.savastanoi.
Cephalopus spp.
Alternaria sp.
P. andropogonis
Pratylenchus spp.
) (
Xanthomonas sp.
Monochus spp.
Alternaria sp.
Rhabditis spp.
) ( 32
Psylla sp.
801
)(209

) ( 33
) .( 34
) (33
Xanthomonas sp.
Diplodia. sp.
Alternaria sp.
" "
" "
Rotylenchus spp.
Alternaria sp.
A. tumefactions
Hoplolaimus spp.
""
Tylenchus spp.
Fusarium sp.
Pratylenchus spp.
Meloidogyne spp.

802
) (34
Carpocoris Pudicus
Scolytus sp.
Tettigonia sp.
)( Orthoptera: Tettigonidae
Trichoferus griseus
Agrotis prombra
Hylotrupes sp.
Tetranychus ulmi
Bryobia paractiosa
) Aceria scheldeni ( Ewing
Tetranychus macdanieli
Forda riccobonii
)(Hemiptera: Aphididae
Malacosoma neustria
) (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae
Tetranychus sp.
Spalax ehenbergi
1
.
.

) (

) (
803

) (

.
)(210

) ( 35
) ( 36
.
) (35
Labronema spp.
Xanthomonas sp.
Pseudomonas. sp.
Xanthomonas sp.
Psilenchus spp.
Xanthomonas sp
Podosphaea leucotricha
Tylenchus spp.
Alternaria sp.
Sclerotium sp.
Alternaria sp.
Diplodia. sp.
Tylenchus spp.
Alternaria sp.
Hoplolaimus spp.
P. andropogonis
Odium ceratonia
Rotylenchus spp.
Pratylenchus spp.
Psilenchus spp.
Meloidogyne spp.
804
) ( 36
Scolytus sp.
Trichoferus griseus
Cebrio sp.
)( Coleoptera: Cebrionidae
Forda riccobonii
Bryobia sp.
Saissetia oleae
)( Homoptera: Coccidae
Eriophyes vitis
Tetranychns uriticae
Malacosama neustria
)(Lepidoptera: lasiocompidae
Spalax ehrenbergi
Helix aspersa
H. mamalostoma
Aceria schelderi
) (
Euphyllura olivina
805
)(211

) ( 37
) . ( 38
) ( 37
Sclerotium sp.
Alternaria sp.
Diplodia. sp.
" "
Alternaria sp.
A. tumefaciens
Mononchus spp.
A. tumefaciens
Tylenchus spp
A. tumefaciens
Pratylenchus spp.
Eudorylaimus spp.
) ( 38
Forda riccobonii
Arnacridium aegyptium
) (Orthoptera: Acridida
Euphyllura olivina
)(Homoptera: psyllidae
806
) (

)(212
) ( 39
) . ( 40
) ( 39
Alternaria sp.
Sclerotium sp.
Rhabditis
Alternaria sp.
A. tumefactions
Xanthomonas sp.
Eudorylaimus spp.
Xanthomonas sp.
Fusarium sp.
P. syringae Pv .savastanoi
Tylenchus spp
Diplodia. sp.
""
" "
807
) ( 40
Euphyllura olivina
Psylla sp.
Scolytus sp.
Trichoferus griseus

.
.
1
.
808
)( )(214
) ( 41
) .( 42
) ( 41 ) (
Fusarium sp.
Alternaria sp.
Xanthomonas sp.
Tylenchus spp
) ( 42 )(
Euphyllura olivina
Psylla sp.
Scolytus sp.
Trichoferus griseus
( Coleoptera:
)Cerambycidae

.

.

.
1
.

. .
809
)(215

) ( 43 ) ( 44
) ( 43
Alternaria sp.
Rotylenchus spp.
Alternaria sp.
P. syringae pv. savastanoi.
Acrobeles spp.
Longidorus spp.
Pratylenchus spp.
Xanthomonas sp.
Fusarium sp.
Rhabditis spp.
Tylenchus spp.
Macroposthonia spp.
Macroposthonia spp.
810
) ( 40
Forda riccobonii
Aphodius sp.
)( Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae
Scolytus sp.
Trichoferus griseus
Hylotrupes sp
Eutetranychus orientalis
Tetranychus ulmi
Tetranychus cinabrinus
Oligonychus coffea
Euphyllura olivina
Bemisia sp.
)( Diptera: Aleyrodidae
Panonychus citri
Brevipalpus olea
Oligonyclnus offea
Spalax ehrenbergi
Helix aspersa
811

) (

1
.

.

.

.

.
)(216
) ( 45
) .( 46
) ( 45
Alternaria sp.
A. tumefaciens
Macroposthonia spp.
Xanthomonas sp.
Macroposthonia spp.
Xanthomonas sp.
Longidorus spp.
Acrobeles spp.
Fusarium sp.
Rhabditis spp.
Sclerotium. sp.
Pratylenchus spp.
812
) (46
Panonychus citri
Brevipalpus olea
Oligonyclnus coffea
Tetranychus ulmi
Oligonychus coffea
Spalax ehrenbergi
Helix aspersa
Opiliones
) (
813
)(217

) ( 47 ) .( 48
) ( 47
Xanthomonas sp.
Tylenchus spp.
Alternaria sp.
Xanthomonas sp.
Tylenchus spp.
Tylenchus spp.
Acrobeles spp.
814
) ( 48
Parlatoria sp.
)( Homoptera: Diaspididae
Cicadatra sp.
)( Homoptera: Cicadidae
Julidis sp
)(coleoptera: Buprestidae
Scolytus sp.
Helix hortensis
Psylla sp.
Forda riccobonii
Helix mamalostoma
Helix aspersa
.

.

1
.

.
-
) (
Helix hortensis
) (
Spalax ehrenbergi
) (
Spalax ehrenbergi
Microtus muster
Microtus muster
Brevipalpus nissulus
815
.
.

) ( 48
Parlatoria sp.
Helix mamalostoma
Helix hortensis
Euphyllura olivina
Saissetia oleae
Scolytus sp.
Mylabris cincta
)( Coleoptera: Meloidae
Phytonemus pallidus
Tetranychus uritica
Brevipalpus russulus
Prays oleellus
)( Lepidoptera: Hyponomeutidae
Helix hortensis
Helix aspersa
Bryobia sp.
Helix mamalostoma

.
.
1
.
-

816
) ( 48
Malacosoma neustria
)( Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae
Tetranychus urticae
Tetranychus urticae
) (
Spalax ehrenbergi
) (
Spalax ehrenbergi
Microtus muster
Helix aspersa
817
)(218
) ( 49
) . ( 50
) ( 49
Alternaria sp.
Pratylenchus spp.
Tylenchus spp.
Fusarium sp.
Tylenchus spp.
Tylenchus spp.
) ( 50
Psylla sp.
Malacosoma neustria
Euphyllura Ylivina
818
)(219
) ( 51
) . ( 52
) ( 51
A. tumefaciens
Alternaria sp.
andropogonis Pseudomonas
Pratylenchus spp.

Xanthomonas sp.
Tylenchus spp.
Xanthomonas sp.
Diplodia. sp.
Tylenchus spp.
Alternaria sp.
Tylenchus spp.
P. syringae pv. savastanoi
) ( 52
Forda riccobonii
819
) (
)(220
) ( 53
) .( 54
) ( 53
A. tumefaciens
Alternaria sp.
Pseudomonas sp.
Odium ceratonia
Macroposthonia spp.
Alternaria sp.
Leptonchus spp.
Rotylenchus spp.
Helicotylenchus
Tylenchus spp.
Tylenchus spp.
) ( 54
Euphyllura olivina
820
)(221
.
) .(55 ).(56
) ( 55 -
P. syringae pv.savastanoi.
Tylenchus spp.
A. tumefaciens
Alternaria sp.
Pseudomonas sp.
Odium ceratonia
Monochus spp.
Tylenchus spp.
Rhabditis spp.
Tylenchus spp.
) ( 56 -
Forda riccobonii
Opiliones
) (
Phytosilius persmilies
) (
Tetranychus sp.
) (
) (
Tetranychus telarius
Bactrocera oleae
)( Diptera: Tephritidae
Araneid sp
Tetranychus uritica
Brevipalpus olea
821
)(222

) (57 .
) ( 57
""
822

- )(301

) ( 58
) . ( 59
) ( 58 ) (
Xanthomonas sp.
Pseudomonas. Sp.
Monochus spp.
Rotylenchus spp.
Rotylenchus spp.
Tylenchus spp.
Labronema spp.
Xiphinema spp.
Rhabditis spp.
Monochus spp.
823
) ( 59 ) (
Lepidosaphes beckii
) (
Eriophyes vitis
Malacosoma neustria
)(Lepidoptera: lasiocampidae
Forda riccobonii
) (
Tetranychus sp.
Bryobia paractiosa
Eotetranychus Pruni
.

.
.

.
) (
Oligonychus sp.
Opiliones
Araneida
Helixaspersa
Limaxarion hortensis
} {
Spalax ehrenbergi
Microtus muster

) (
Hylotrupes sp.
Euphyllura olivina
)( Homopteraa: Psyllidae
Eriophyes vitis
Brevipalpus olea
Aceria scheldoni

.
.
824
)(302

) ( 60 ) .( 61
) ( 60
Xanthomonas sp.
Tylenchus spp.
Labronema spp.
Pratylenchus spp.
Pratylenchus spp.
Eudorylaimus spp.
Tylenchus spp.
) ( 61
Scolytus sp.
Trichoferus griseus
Nezara viridula
Bactrocera oleae
)( Diptera: Tephritidae
Euphyllura olivina
Saissetia oleae
Forda riccobonii
825
1
.

.

.

) (
)(303

) (
) ( 63 - 62.
) (62
Longidorus spp.
Tylenchus spp
) ( 63
Brevipalpus olea
Tetranychus sp.
Opiliones
Arcneida
826
)(304

) ( 64 ) . ( 65
) ( 64
Alternaria sp.
Tylenchus spp.
" "
Fusarium sp.
Pratylenchus spp.
Longidorus spp.
Monochus spp.
Tylenchus spp.
Monochus spp.
) ( 65
Forda riccobonii
Aphodius sp.
)( Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae
Opiliones

) (

) (
Phytosilius Persmilies
Tetranychus sp.
Araneid sp.
Tetranychus urticae
Brevipalpus calitornicus

) (

.
) (
) (
Tetranychus telarius
Euphyllura olivina

.

.
827
- )(305
) ( 66
) . ( 67
) ( 66
""
Tylenchus spp.
.Xiphinema spp.
) ( 67
Scolytus sp.
Trichoferus griseus
Hylotrupes sp.
Forda riccobonii
Panonychus citri
Panonychus citri
Brevipalpus olea
828
1
.

.

.
) (
) ( 67
Oligonyclnus coffea
Tetranychus ulmi
Oligonychus coffea
Tetranychus ulmi
Bryobia rubiculus
Bryobia sp.
Tetranychus ulmi
Brevipalpus phoenicis
Tetranychus ulmi
Bnevipalpus olea
Bryobia rubiculus
829
- ) ( )(306
) ( 68 ) . ( 69
) ( 68 ) (
A. tumefactiens
Rotylenchus spp.
Alternaria sp.
Pratylenchus spp.
Tylenchus spp.
Alternaria sp.
Hoplolaimus spp.
) ( 69 ) (
Scolytus sp.
Trichoferus griseus
Hylotrupes sp.
(Coleoptera:
)Cerambycidae
Tetranychus ulmi
T. cnnabarinus
Oligonychus coffea
Euphyllura olivina
) ( 69
830
1
.

.

Saissetia oleae
)((Homoptera: Coccidae
Brevipalpus olea
Bryobia rubiculus
Tetranychus ulmi
Bryobia paractiosa
Aceria scheldeni " Ewing
Panonychus citri
Brevipalpus olea
Oligonyclnus coffea
Bryobia rubiculus
Bryobia sp.

)(
Tetranychus ulmi
831
)(307
) ( 70
) . ( 71
) ( 70
Alternaria sp.
Tylenchus spp.
Tylenchus spp.
Xanthomonas sp.
Pseudomonas sp.
Pratylenchus spp.
Xanthomonas sp.
Tylenchus spp.
) (71
Malacosoma nenstria
)(lepidoptera: Lsiocampidae
Tetranychus cinbrunus
Tetranychus ulmi
Oligonychus afrasiaticus
Oligonychus coffea
Tetranychus urticae
Tetranychus urticae
832
) ( 308
) .( 72
) .( 73
) ( 72
Tylenchus spp.
) ( 73
Scolytus sp.
Trichoferus griseus
Hylotrupes sp.
833
)A (309

.
) (74
) .( 75
) (74 A
Xanthomonas sp.
Pseudomonas sp.
" "
Tylenchus spp.
Alternaria sp.
Pseudomonas syringae
pv.savastanoi.
Rotylenchus spp.
Diplodia sp
Alternaria sp.
Xiphinema spp.
" "
" "
Labronema spp.

.

)(shot hole

) ( 75 A
Forda riccobonii
Pseudococcus sp.
Psylla sp.
834
) (

) (
) B ( 309

) ( 76) ( 77
.
) ( 76 B
Xanthomonas sp.
Pseudomonas sp.
P. syringae
pv.savastanoi.
Altenaria sp.
" "

)(shot hole

.
) ( 77 B
Forda riccobonii
Pseudococcus sp.
Psylla sp.
) (

) (
835
)(310
) ( 78
) ( 79 .
) ( 78
Tylenchus spp.
Alternaria sp.
Pratylenchus spp.
Tylenchus spp.
Acrobeles spp.
Tylenchus spp.
) ( 79
Parlatoria sp.
)( Homopteraa: Diaspididae
Cicadatra sp.
Scolytus sp.
Tetranychns urticae
Tetranychns uritica
Helix hortensis
Helix hortensis
Psylla sp.
836

.
1
.
)(79
Forda riccobonii
Tetranychns urticae
Helix mamalostoma
Helix mamalostoma
Helix aspersa
Helix hortensis
) (
Spalax ehrenbergi
Microtus muster

) (

.

.
Parlatoria sp.
Helix mamalostoma
Helix hortensis
Tetranychns urticae
Opiliones
Tetrauychus uritica

.

.
Euphyllura olivina
Tetranychns urticae
Saissetia oleae
Scolytus sp.
Prays oleellus
( Lepidoptera:
)Hyponomeutidae
837
)(79
Mylabris cincta
Tetranychns urticae
Helix hortensis
Bryobia sp.
Helix aspersa
Helix mamalostoma
Malacosoma neustria
Tetranychns urticae
Tetranychns urticae
) (
Spalax ehrenbergi
Microtus muster
Helix aspersa
838
-

.
.
.
)(311

) ( 80
) .( 81
) ( 80
Alternaria sp.
A. tumefactiens
Pratylenchus spp.
Tylenchus spp.
" "
Tylenchus spp.
Acrobeles spp..
Tylenchus spp.
) ( 81
Parlatoria sp.
Cicadatra sp.
)( Homopteraa: Cicadidae
Tetranychns uraiticae
Tetranychus cinabrinus
Helix hortensis
Scolytus sp.
) (
Psylla sp.
839

.

.

.
-
1
.

.

.

.
) ( 81
Forda riccobonii
Helix mamalostoma
Helix aspersa

) (

.

.

Helix hortensis
) (
Spalax ehrenbergi
) (
Spalax ehrenbergi
Microtus muster
Tetranychns urticae
)( Homopteraa: Diaspididae
Parlatoria sp.

.

.

.
Helix hortensis
Euphyllura olivina
Saissetia oleae
Scolytus sp.
Tetranychus urticae
Bryobia sp.
Prays oleellus
( Lepidoptera:
)Hyponomeutidae
Mylabris cincta
Helix hortensis
Helix hortensis
Helix mamalostoma

.
.
1
.

.

840

.

.
) ( 81

Helix aspersa
Helix mamalostoma
Phytonemus pallidus

Malacosoma neustria
( Lepidoptera:
)Lasiocampidae

.

.
.
.

) (
Spalax ehrenbergi
Microtus muster
Helix aspersa
841
) ( )(312

) ( 82 ) .( 83
) ( 82 ) (
Alternaria sp.
A. tumefaciens
Odium ceratonia
Pratylenchus spp.
Eyrsiphaceae
P. syringae
pv.savastanoi.
Tylenchus spp.
Tylenchus spp.
Acrobeles spp.
Tylenchus spp.
) ( 83 ) (
Parlatoria sp.
Cicadatra sp.
Scolytus sp.
Tetranychus urticae
Helix hortensis
Psylla sp.
842

.
.
1
.

.
-

.

.

.
) ( 83
Forda riccobonii
Tetranychus urticae
Helix mamalostoma
Helix aspersa
) (

.

.

.

Helix hortensis
) (
Spalax ehrenbergi
Microtus muster
Parlatoria sp.
Helix mamalostoma
Helix hortensis
Euphyllura olivina
Saissetia oleae
Scolytus sp.
Tetranychns urticae
Tetranychns urticae
Mylabris cincta
Prays oleellus
)( Lepidoptera: Hyponomeutidae
Helix hortensis
Helix aspersa
Bryobia sp.

.

.

.
.
1
.

.
.
.

Bryobia sp.
Phytonemus pallidus
Helix mamalostoma
843
) ( 83
Malacosoma neustria
Tetranychns urticae
) (
Spalax ehrenbergi
Microtus muster
Helix aspersa
844

.

.

- )(313
) ( 84
) ( 85
) ( 84
Labronema spp.
Eryriphaceac
Monochus spp.
Pratylenchus spp.
Rhabditis spp.
) ( 85
Scolytus sp.
Trichoferus griseus
Saissetia oleae
)(Homoptera Coccidae
Scolytus sp.
845
1
.
1

.
) ( )(314
) ( 86
) ( 86 ) ( (
Xiphinema spp.
)(315
) ( 87
) ( 87
Xiphinema spp.
)(316
) ( 88
) (88
Tylenchorhynch spp.
)(317
) ( 89
) ( 89
Tylenchus spp.
846
) ( )(318

) .( 91 - 90
) ( 90 ""
Rhabditis spp.
" "
Acrobeles spp.
" "
Tylenchus spp.
" "
Tylenchus spp.
" "
) ( 91 ""
) ( )(319

) .( 92
) ( 92 ""
Erysiphaceae :
847
)(320

) ( 93 ) . ( 94
) ( 93
P. syringae
pv.savastanoi
Tylenchus spp.
Ersiphaceae
) ( 94
Scolytus sp.
Trichoferus griseus
( Coleoptera:
)Cerambycidae
Euphyllura olivina
1
.

)(322
) . ( 95
) ( 95 -
848
- ) ( )(323
) . ( 96
) ( 96 - )(
)( )(324
) ( 97
) .( 98
) ( 97 )(
Xiphinema spp.
) ( 98 )(
Scolytus sp.
849
1
.
5-2
1-5-2
.

.
-1 ) .. (
.
-2 .
-3 .
-4 .
-5 .
-6
.
2-5-2

.
: 1-2-5-2
1995 % 2.8
1954 1995
.
850
) ( 1

1954
1964
1973
1984
1995
30994
50158
78805
121769
165870
19164
28647
42964
44101
6.2
6.3
5
3.3
4.8
5
4
2.8
- : 1995 1984 1973
) ( 1 1954 1995
) ( 2 1954 2000

1964 - 1954
4.8
1973 - 1964
1984 - 1973
1995 - 1984
2.8
2000 - 1995
1.9
- : 1995 1984 1973
1964 ) 1973 . (2
:
.1 .
.2
.
.3 1964 . 1973
.4 .
1973 2000
1 .
2 .
3 .
4 .
5 .
) (3 - :

851
( - :

( -:
) ( 3 1995 1973
1984 1973
1995 - 1984
1984 -1973
1995 -1984
4.5
2.9
-3
3.2
2.7
2.6
2.4
2.4
5.4
0.9
5.3
1.5
2.4
5.2
1.3
1.1
2.5
3.9
2.7
3.7
2.5
3.1
- : 1995 1984 1973
( :

100
24.6 1966 2660 350

.2000
: 2-2-5-2
- 15 .
64 - 15 . - 65 .
) : ( 4
1964 1954
4.5
4.3
2.5
1973 1964
5.6
2.4
3.0
1984 1973
3.6
4.5
2.7
1995 - 1984
0.6
4.9
2.7
852
) (4 :
.1 )( % 5.6 1973 ) ( % 3.6 1984 1995
) (% 0.6 -:
) ( % 56.7 1973 ) ( % 24.7 2000 .

.
.2 ) ( % 3.4 1964 ) ( % 4.9 1995

( % 2.4 ) 1973 .
.3
.
: 3-2-5-2
) ( 5
1964 1954
4.8
4.8
1973 1964
5.3
4.7
1984 1973
3.9
4.1
1995 - 1984
2.7
2.9
: 1995 1954
) ( 5 :
- 1 1954 1973
1973 .1995
2 1995 1973 :
( .
( .
: 4-2-5-2
"
Social Structure :

" . Social Structure
.
:

853
(

.
.
.
) (
Social system .
Extended family Compound family Joint family

.
Conjugal family Nuclear family

.
: 5-2-5-2
- :
"
.
.

"
( 4.6 ) 1954 . ( 6.9 ) 1995
854
) ( 6

1954
1964
1973
1984
1995
4.6
4.8
5.8
6.8
6.9
- : 1995 1954
) (6

1954 . 1995

) 15 ( 1954
1964 ) ( % 74 1973
) 15 ( ) ( % 69 1984
) ( % 54.8 1995 ) ( % 43.
( 6.1) 1973 ) ( 7.3 1984 ) (1995

:
- .
- .
. ) ( 7

1973
6.1
1984
7.3
1995
7.1
- : 1995 1954
7.1 1995
) .(7
855
- :
.
.
- :
) (133 ) (26 ) (41 )(16

. .
) ( 8
) 2002/2001 (
133
1813
21162
20627
4369
6409
26
161
2030
3529
700
782
60
25
41
254
2065
3553
640
424
95
127
131
125
22
178
1169
955
701
45
52
1133
949
46
46
90
3689
4129
123
24
107
12
) .. (
) 8 9.(10
856
) ( 9
) 2002/2001 (
5557
4816
4817
4696
4920
4834
4910
4648
4450
57
2050
3921
3664
1215
487
331
330
870
574
680
498
377
311
463
522
) (10 2002/2001
) (
22
22
22
170
160
20
135
1266
569
131
285
22
366
103
25
30
12
150
61
25
30
115
13
- :

) . (11
857
) ( 11
. .*
2001

2002
..
2681250
1474687
..
762500
415425
..
266623
146642
..
570877
313982
..
425000
238255
72720
26210
14049
4647
7490
3720
1821
577
: :
- :

) 12 . (13 .
.
) ( 12 2002
2001
2002
34
37
65
109
115
293
269
72
55
9457
337
4912
323
3000
36
1500
75
423
677
925
702
2564
66
679
62
24608
8443
4566
1082
858
)(12
2002
2001
3509
8228
8641
13380
13436
396
387
6564
4907
660
328
26410
1716
14028
) ( 13 2002/2001
2001
2002
3509
1716
362
205
10
41
14 5
10
29 15
30
13
59 30
94
51
60
213
130
) (
882
311
215
94
:
1
:
1
859
- :
.
. ) (14
.
) : ( 14 2002/2001
2002 6 30
2001
9534
10179

- 4
16
16
- 7
196
202
- 7
238
258
502
532
957
960
460
478
4390
4545
18000
226800
9000
113400
16000
180000
8000
80000
18
20
18
20
1114
10941
1151
11149
21
70
350
70
350
- :

. ) ( Habits
) (Costoms ) (Traditions .
860
.
.
: 6-2-5-2

-1 .
-2 .
-3 .

.

" "
""
" " ) (
.
) ( )( ) (

.
) (15 .
861
) ( 15
2002/2001
2001
2002
60
60
20
20
40
40
75
75
60
60
1054
1062
52
20
0.317
0.317
800
700
13
13
616
266
862
) ( 15
) 2002/2001 (

2001
2002
60000
60000
1000000
1000000
100000
100000
750000
75000
23
23
750000
750000
19
19
9000
9000
45000
45000
200
200
245
252
3.5
82
32
1219
234
21
21
6114
6114
19
19
2547
2547
1260
1260
1.5
863
: 7-2-5-2

"
" .
Working population
) ( 64 15
. Man power

Labour force

. Employed

. Unemployed
.
1954
1964 1973 . 1984

)( 1970
. 1995
) 15 ( .
1954
1995 .
) (4329 ) (49 .
) .(16
864
) ( 16 2002/2001
2001
2002
: :

334
13
91
197
15
925
99
29
186
17
25
49
11
1950
401
3641
32
688
17
: :
20
600
95
39 21
2900
31
503
16
55 40
100
50
56
41
40
3641
32
688
17
: :
2629
31
491
15
1012
197
3641
32
688
17
865
) ( 16
2002/2001
2001
2002 6 30
:
:

65
25
65
25
4613
2914
4613
2914
591
434
591
434
233
132
233
132
489
206
489
206
252
108
252
108
248
103
248
103
343
185
343
185
85
55
85
55
125
74
125
74
12
12
10
10
7067
4249
7067
4249
866
) ( 16 2002/2001
2001
2002 6 30
117
39
117
39
195
86
283
111
25
11
25
11
957
286
957
286
12091
6213
16704
9127
2112
1409
2630
1765
490
94
694
211
903
178
1326
367
122
55
375
107
335
115
335
115
165
48
408
148
241
43
521
202
52
16
138
73
2812
85
2812
85
502
231
543
259
1457
177
1668
196
203
44
318
64
67
29
67
29
66
18
63
18
120
42
124
44
68
60
11
29
55
39
55
39
104
38
100
36
43
15
48
16
653
559
749
644
23966
9787
31152
13995
867
: 8-2-5-2
* :

. :
- .
. - .
Possession
special right .
:
-
. -
.

. allocation of land
Property Land tenure
.
:
1858 .
868
.
" " .
" "

- - .
.
.
) (1994
. 1863
.
.

"
.
869
: 9-2-5-2
) (
: (

.

.
.
: (
.
.
: (
: (

) ( .
3-5-2

التقرير النهائي

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

التقرير النهائي

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

-

" "1100 ""2000

" 882 " - .

14-34 15-34 16-34

1:250000 1:100000 1:50000

200 450 . 6678.00

) (Aridisols ) (Entisols Inceptisols )(Alfisols

2517 3757 4391 .

486 . %93 . 685

: 176 100 130 120

) (Almaswori and Saeed1990

) ( Kazan and Kday 1980

1980 1990 1992

) . Pilerz (1968 1972 Barr and Weegar

. ) Klen (1974 ) Rohlich (1974 ) Zert(1974

1968 ) Kiabar and Baird (1973

) . (Lanbscher and Bernoulli ,1977

) (2 )(Elhawat and Shelmani , 1992

Maastrichtin ) (Duronio et. al. ,1992

(Barr, 1968) Landenian

) . (Elhawat,in press Unconformity

) (Benomran et. al. ,1987

) (Rohlich ,1974 ) (Nummulites Fichieti

) ( Kleinsmiede and Van den Berg,1968 .

) (4 )(Klen , Rohlcih and Zert, 1974

Pyrite and Glauconite

-2 : Cenomanian Coniacian KuB

) . ( Kleinsmiede and Van den Berg ,1968

) (Klen ,974) (Rohlich , 1974 Cenomanian

) ( Barr and berrgren,1980 .

) ( Rohlich, 1974 )( Barr and Hammuda , 1971

) (Barr and Hammuda .1971 300

) . ( Barr and Weegar , 1972

) (Barr and Hammuda , 1971

-2 : Ypresian Lutentin TeA

Bituminous Calcilutites to Calcarenites

) ( Kleinsmied at Van Den Berg , 1968 .

) ( Kleinsmied and Van Den Berg , 1968

-6 : Early Miocene TmF

55 21 ) ( Zert , 1974 ) ( Klen,1974 ) ( Rohlich , 1974

-1 .Landslide and Slump

-1 : Land slide and slump

normal faults 75-55

) (8 200 )(Ammar, 1999

( : Companionated Dendritic Pattern

) ( Terra rosa soils ) ( .

: Collapse sink hole

400/ 4000 ) 3200 /(

) 280 270/ ( ) -( . %75

1981 1980 1982 1981 )

- - " 882 " - .

3889 III 3889 II

3589 II 3689 III

200 450 . 6677.99

(2002 Land Cover 6060

) (GIS Map Maker

Adobe Photoshop 7 Map Maker

) ( eluvial deposits 0.5 0.2 .

-1 ): (Red ferrisiallitic soils

) 300 102 / ( . ) 66 63/ ( .

0.27 0.50 0.14 0.08 .

-2 ) : ( Yellow ferrisiallitic soils

5729 %0.40 . 4753

-4 ): (Dark compacted soils