THE BUSINESS SCHOOL

MGT. PRACTICES & PRINCIPLES

PRESENTED BY PRESENTED TO

SOURABH KHANNA PROF.KESHAV SHARMA

ROLL NO.-31
MBA (IST SEM)
 TECHINQUES OF
DECISION MAKING
 BIBLIOGRAPHY
ESSENTIALS OF MANAGEMENT BY
KOONTZ AND WEIHRICH(PAGE
NO.106-115)

ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR BY
STEPHEN P. ROBBINS AND SEEMA
SANGHI
 WEBSITES
• HTTP://CRS.UVM.EDU/CITIZENS/DECISION.HTM
• HTTP://WWW.BALANCEDSCORECARD.ORG/FILESD
ESENTLS.PDF
• HTTP://WWW..MINDTOOLS.COM/PAGES/MAIN/NEW
MN_TED.HTM
L
• HTTP://WWW.TIME-MANAGEMENT-
GUIDE.COM/DECISION-SKILLS.HTML
 WHAT IS DECISION
MAKING?
HAS BEEN IDENTIFIED AS ONE OF THE
PRIMARY RESPONSIBILITY OF ANY
MANAGER

IT MAY INCLUDE ALLOCATING OF

RESOURCES,APPOINTING
PEOPLE,INVESTING CAPITAL OR
INTRODUCING NEW PRODUCTS
DECISION MAKING IS
IDENTIFY & DEFINE

ALTERNATIVE
SOLUTION

EVALUATION &
SELECTION
TECHINQUES OF DECISION
MAKING
 BRAINSTORMING

 SYNECTICS

 NOMINAL GROUPING

 MULTIVOTING
BRAINSTORMING

DEVELOPED BY ALEX F.OSBORN

BRAINSTORMING IS GOVERNED BY
FOUR IMPORTANT RULES

 CRITICISM IS PROHIBITED
 FREEWHEELING IS WELCOME
 QUANTITY IS WANTED
 COMBINATION AND IMPROVEMENT
ARE SOUGHT
 SYNECTICS

DEVELOPED BY WILLIAM J.J.GORDON

• An experienced group leader plays a vital
role in this approach.
• It is a formalized creativity technique for
the generation of alternative solutions.
 NOMINAL GROUPING
• DEVELOPED BY ANDRE DELLBEC AND
ANDREW VAN DE VEN
 STAGES IN NOMINAL
GROUPING
• STAGE 1:- FAMILIARIZATION OF THE
GROUP WITH A SELECTED
PROBLEM
• STAGE 2:- GROUP MEMBERS
PREPARE A LIST OF IDEAS TO
THE PROBLEM
• STAGE 3:- GROUP MEMBERS SHARE THEIR
IDEAS IN A ROUND-ROBIN
MANNER
• STAGE 4:- IDEAS MAY BE DELETED,
COMBINED OR ADDED
• STAGE 5:-GROUP MEMBERS VOTES
PRIVATELY IN ORDER OF
THEIR PERCEIVED
IMPORTANCE
 MULTI-VOTING
• GROUP DECISION-MAKING
TECHNIQUE
• TO REDUCE A LONG LIST OF ITEMS
• BY MEANS OF STRUCTURED SERIES
OF VOTES
 STAGES IN MULTI-VOTING
• STAGE 1:-WORK FROM A LARGE LIST
OF ITEMS DEVELOPED BY
BRAINSTORMING OR
ANOTHER TECHNIQUE
• STAGE 2:- ASSIGN A LETTER TO EACH
ITEM TO AVOID CONFUSION
OF ITEM DESIGNATIONS
WITH THE VOTE TALLY
• STAGE 3:- VOTING
• STAGE 4:- CHECK MARK AND
ELIMINATION
• STAGE 5:- REPETITION
 CORPORATE EXAMPLE

THE GRANITE ROCK COMPANY

WATSON VILLE/CALIFORNIA

ESTABLISHED IN 1900
 PROBLEM
THE COMPANY’S FOCUS WAS ON THE
BOTTOM
LINE(INFLEXIBLE,CENTRALISED AND
BUREAUCRATIC FIRM)
BRUCE WOOLPERT – CEO-RECOGNIZED
THAT IT TOOK TOO LONG TO MAKE
DECISIONS AND THE BUREAUCRACY
WAS KILLING THE COMPANY
 SOLUTION
1. ALL EMPLOYEES DISCUSSED THE
CURRENT OPERATION(EMPLOYEE
PARTICIPATION IN MANAGEMENT)
2. CUSTOMER’S COMMENTS
(ESTABLISHED CUSTOMER AS A
KING)
3. THE COMPANY EMPOWERED
CUSTOMERS TO DECIDE WHETHER
THE COMPANY EARNED IT’S PAY.
 RESULT

PRESTIGIOUS 1992
MALCOLM BALDRIGE
NATIONAL QUALITY AWARD