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A quadrilateral is a four-sided polygon. A parallelogram, a rectangle, a square, a rhombus, and a trapezoid are
all quadrilaterals.
A circle is a plane figure in which all points are the same distance from the center of the circle. A diameter of a
circle is a line segment across the circle through the center. A radius of a circle is a line segment from the center
of the circle to a point on the circle.
Diameter Radius
The perimeter of a plane geometric figure is a measure of the distance around the figure. The distance around a
circle is called the circumference. Area is the amount of surface in a region. Volume is a measure of the amount
of space inside a figure in space. The surface area of a solid is the total area on the surface of the solid.
When calculating perimeter of composite figures Be Careful!!!!! In most cases, when calculating the perimeter
of a composite figure, you have to deduct one of the sides in your formulas. If you don’t, you’ll end up
calculating the same side.
Essential Rules
1
Area Triangle: A= bh
2
Rectangle: A = LW
Square: A = s2
Circle: A = πr2
Parallelogram: A = bh
1
Trapezoid A = h (b1 + b2)
2
c
a
It can be used to find the length of the sides of a triangle and the distance or height between two points. If a and
b are the legs of a right triangle and c is the length of the hypotenuse, then a2 + b2 = c2
Similar Triangles
The ratios of corresponding sides are equal. The ratio of corresponding heights is equal to the ratio of
corresponding sides.
D B E
4 5
2
< 1 = < 4 and < 3 = < 5 because they are alternate interior angles
1 3
A B
Circle
The measure of an arc equals the measure of the central angle.
Arc length = measure of central angle × circumference
360o
Measure of central angle = arc length × 360o
circumference
A