Effects

-Higher or lower Agricultural yield

-Glacial retreat

-Reduced summer streamflows

-Species extinctions
Assuming Global Warming

How governments can curb

emissions of harmful toxins:

-Modern Technologies

-Stronger laws
-California
 Modern Technologies

Vehicles:
1. Lightweight vehicle design
2. Minimized air resistance
3. Reduced rolling resistance
4. Improved powertrain efficiency
5. Increasing spark to the spark plug

Infrastructure:
6. Improvement of roads (unobstructed traffic conditions).
7. Vegetation (trees, shrubs, grass) near roadways.

Governments can regulate and set standards

Assuming Global Warming

How individuals can curb

emissions of harmful toxins:

-Walk, ride bicycles, or utilize public

transportation instead of driving cars

-If driving, use efficient methods.

-Be aware of environmentally-conscious

politicians when making voting decisions.
 Ozone Depletion

Definition:

Ozone Depletion is a slow, steady decline, of about 3% per

decade, in the
total amount of ozone in the earth's stratosphere during the past
twenty years and a much larger, but seasonal, decrease in
stratospheric ozone over the earth's polar regions during the same
period.
“Ozone Hole”
 Causes
•Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)

•Bromofluorocarbons (Halons)
Aerosol cans used CFCs until Aerosol
The Montreal Protocol
banned their usage in 1989.

Today, aerosol cans are still

used, but with different
gases.
 Effects
•Harmful ultraviolet rays from the sun that normally would be blocked by an
unobstructed ozone layer.

(UVB) = Ultraviolet “B”

•UVB rays increase the risk of skin cancer in humans.

 Air Pollution

Definition:

Air pollution is the presence of any chemical, physical (e.g.

particulate matter), or biological agent that modifies the natural
characteristics of the atmosphere.