GATE -1995

Electronics and Communication Engineering

1. For each of the following question 0.1 - 1.47), 4 alternatives, a.b, c and d are given.

1.1 A DC voltage source is connected across a series R-L-C circuit. Under steady-state conditions, the applied DC voltage drops entirely across the

(n) R only (b) L only

(e) C only (d) Rand L combination

1.2 Consider a DC voltage SOUTce connected to a series R-C circuit. When the steady-state reaches, the ratio of the energy stored in the capacitor to the total energy supplied by the voltage source, is equal to (a) 0.362 (b) 0.632

(b) 0.500 (d) 1,000

1.3 Two 2 H inductance coils are connected in series and are also magnetically coupled to each other the coefficient of coupling being 0.1. The total inductance of the combination can be

(a) 0.4 H (b) 3.2 H

(e) 4.0 H (d) 3.3 H

1.4 The RMS value of a rectangular wave of period T, having a value of + V for a duration, Tl « T) and -Y for the duration, T- T1 = T2, equals

(b) T] -T2 V

T

(a) Y

V (e) .f2

2(5 + 1) .

1.5 IfL[f(t)l= ? thenj(O +) andj(o:»are gIven

s- +2s+5

by

(a) 0,2 respectively (e) 0,1 respectively

(b) 2,0 respectively (d) 2/5,0 respectively

[Note: 'L' stands for 'Laplace Transform of"]

1.6 The value of the resistance, R, connected across the terminals, A and B, which will absorb the maximum power, is

1.7 The current, itt), through a 10 n resistor in series with an inductance, is given by

i(l) '" 3 + 4 sin (100 t + 45°) + 4 sin (300 t + 600) Amperes

The RMS value of the current and the power dissipated in the circuit are:

(Il) .J4i A, 410 W, respectively (v) J35 A, 350 W, respectively (e) 5 A, 250 W, respectively

(d) 11 A, 1210 W, respectively

1.8 Signal flow graph is used to Ilnd (a) stability of the system

(b) controllability of the system (e) transfer function of the system (d) poles of the system

1.9

The step error coefficient of a system

1

G(s) " ""'(5-+--:6--:)(-5 +-1-:-:-) with unity feedback is

(a) 1/6 (b) co

(e) 0 (d) 1

1.10 The final value theorem is used to find the (a) steady state value of the system output (b) initial value of the system output

(el transient behaviour of the system output (d) none of these

1.11 For a second order system, damping ratio, (~) is o < S < 1, then the roots of the characteristic polynomial are

(a) real but not equal (b) real and equal

(e) complex conjugates (d) imaginary

1.12 The transfer function of a linear system is the (a) ratio of the output, vO(t), and input, v;U)

(b) ratio of the derivatives of the output and the input

(e) ratio of the Laplace transform of the O~l~put and that of the input with all initial conditions zeros

(.1) none of these

1.13 .,AI can be expanded as
'" A ktl '" A'tk
(a) L (k+1)! (b) LkI"
.bolt
k.O
(II) 4.00 kn (v) 4.11 kO '" A 1"/,.1 '" A"tl•l
(e) 8.00 k.Q (d) 9.00 kn (c) L (A"+t)! (d) L--"k!
I·~U 1=0 1.15

Nun-minimum phase transfer function is defined ;)~ the transfer function.

(11) which has zeros in the right-half S-plane

(1,) which has zeros only in the left-half S-plane (c) which has poles in the right-half S-plane

(d) which has poles in the left-half S-plane

The solution of X = A{I) XU), is

(a) ~t. Xo

(b)' r AI'I.1, X

e rll . 0

1.16

Let h(t) be the impulse response of a linear time invariant system. Then the response of the system for any input u(t) is

I

(a) f il(~) II (I -l)d, a

d I

(/I) di fh(r)u(l-r)dr o

t

f h2(1) tJ (I-l)d, o

1.17

The probability that an electron in a metal occupies the Fermi-level at any temperature ( >OK) (a) 0 (e) 05

(b) 1 (d) 1.0

1.18

The drift velocity of electrons, in silicon

(a) is proportional to the electric field for all values of electric field

(b) is independent of the electric field

(e) increases at low values of electric field and decreases at high values of electric field exhibiting negative differential resistance

(d) increases linearly with electric field at low values of electric field and gradually saturates at higher values of electric field.

The diffusion potential across a P-N junction

(a) decreases with increasing doping

concentration

(b) increases with decreasing band gap

(e) does not depend on doping concentration

(d) Increases with increase in doping

c oncentra nons

The break down voltage of a transistor with its base open is BY CEO and that with emitter open is BYCBO' then

(a) BY CEQ = BY CBO (b) BY CEO> BV CBO (c) BV CEO < BVeBo

(d) BV CEO is not related to BYeso

1.19

1.20

'1.21

In a I' type silicon sample, the hole concentration is 2.25 x 1015/cmJ. If the intrinsic cilrrier concentration is 1.5 x "I01(l/cm3, the electron

concentration is (n) zero

(e) 105/cm3

(b) 1010 Icm3

(d) 1.5 x 1025 I cm3

1.22

A zener diode works on the principle 01

(n) tunneling of charge carriers across the

junction

(b) thermionic emission

(e) diffusion of charge carriers across the junction (d) hopping of charge carriers across the junction

A BJT is said to be operating in the saturation region if

(n) both the junctions are reverse biased

(b) base-emitter junction is reverse biased and base-collector junction is forward biased

(el base-emitter junction is forward biased and base-collector junction reverse-biased

(d) both the junctions are forward biased

1.23

1.24

The ~epletion capacitance, CJ, of an abrupt P-N JunctIon WIth constant doping on ei ther side varies with reverse bias, YR, as

(a) CJ a YR (b) CJ

(c-) CJ a yR-l12 (d) CJ

V -1 a R

a Y -1/3 R

A change in the value of the emitter resistance, Re' in a difference amplifier

(11) affects the difference mode gain Ad (b) affects the common mode gain A, (el affects both Ad and Ac

(d) does not affect either Ad and Ac

The Ebers-Moll model is applicable to (a) bipolar junction transistors

(b) NMOS transistors

(e) unipolar junction transistors (d) junction field-effect transistors

1.27 To obtain very high input and output impedances in a feedback amplifier, the topolomostly used is

(a) voltage-series (b) current-series

(e) voltage-shunt (d) current-shunt

1.25

1.26

1.28 TIle all tpu t of the circu it in the figure is equal to

(tl) 0 (b)

(.:) AB+AB (d) (A-B)'(A-B)

\.29 The m i n i m u m number of NAND gates required 10 imp leruent the Boolean function A + f\ 13 + ABC, is equa) to

(a) zero (b) 1

(c-) 4 (tI) 7

1.30 A switch-tail ring counter is made by using a single D flip-flop. The resulting circuit is a

(n; SR flip-flop (b) JK flip-flop

(e) D flip-flop (tI) T flip-flop

1.31 When a CPU is interrupted, it

(n) stops execution of instructions

(b) acknowledges interrupt and branches of subroutine

(r) acknowledges interrupt and continues

(tI) acknow ledges interrupt and waits for the next instruction from the interrupting device

1.32 The minimum number of MOS transistors required to make a dynamic RAM cell is

(a) J (b) 2

(e) 3 (d) 4

1.33 An R-S latch is a

(a) combinatorial circuit

(b) synchronous sequental circuit (e) one bit memory element

(d) one clock delay element

1.34 A 'DMA' transfer implies

(n) direct transfer of data between memory and accumulator

(b) direct transfer of data between memory and 1/0 devices without the use of ~p

(e) transfer of data exclusively within flP registers (d) A fast transfer of data between l'P and lip devices

1.35 An' Assembler' for a microprocessor is used for (n) assembly of processors in a production line (b) creation of new programmes using differnet modules

(e) translation of a programm from assembly

language to machine language .

(d) translation of a higher level language into English text

1_36 The image (second) channel seleeti~jty of a s~lper heterodyne communication receiver 15 determined by

(n) antenna and preselector

(b) the preselector and RF amplifier (e) the preselector and IF amplifier (d) the RF and IF amplifier

1.37 For a narrow band noise with Gaussian Gradrature components, the probability density function of its envelope will be

(a) uniform (b) Gallssian

(e) exponential (d) Rayleigh

1.38

If t~le number of bits per sample in a peM system IS Increased from improvement in signal-toquannsanon noise ratio will be

(a) 3rlB (b) 6rlB

(c) 211 dB (d) 0 dB

1.39 A PLL can be used to demodulate

(n) PAM signals (b) peM signals

(e) FM signals (d) DSB-SC signals

1.40 A PAM signal can be detected by using

(n) an ADC (b) an integrator

(el a band pass filter (d) a high pass filter

1.41

A 1.0 kHz signal is flat-top sampled at the rate of 1800 samples sec and the samples are applied to an ideal rectangular LPF with cat-off frequency of 1100 Hz, then the output 01 the filter contains. (n) only 800 Hz component

(b) 800 Hz and 900 Hz components (e) 800 Hz and 1000 Hz components

(d) 800 Hz, 900 and 1000 Hz components

The signal to quantisation noise ratio in an n-bit rCM system

(nJ depends upon the sampling frequency

employed

(b) is independent of the value of 'n'

(c) increases with increasing value of 'n'

(d) decreases with the increasing value of 'n'

1.42

1.43

The electric field strength at a distance point, P, due to a point charge, + q. loca ted on the origin, is 100,. V 1m. If the point charge is now enclosed by a perfectly conducting metal sheet sphere whose centre is at the origin, then the electric field strength at the point. P. outside the sphere, becomes.

(a) zero

(e) -100 ~I V 1m

(b) 100 II V 1m (d) SO,.V/m

In the infinite plance, y = 6 m, there exists a uniform surface charge density of (1600 11) It C/m2. The associated electric field strength is

(a) 30iV/m (b) 30jV/m

(e) 30kV/m (d) 60iV/m

1.45 The intrinsic impedance of a lossy dielectric medium is given by

1.44

JW,I (0) ]IiIE
(II) ,.
0
(c) (ti) ~ 1.46

An antenna, when radiating, has a highly directional radiation pattern. When the antenna is receiving, its radiation pattern

(II) is more directive

(b) is less directive

(el is the same

(d) exhibits no directivity at all

1.47 C,-,pper behaves LLS n (tl) conductor dlways

(/,) conductor or dielectric depending on the

applied electric field strength .

(e) conductor or dielectric dependmg on the

frequency .

(d) conductor or dielectric depending on the electric current density

2. In each of the following questions, (2.1-2.10), fill

in the blanks appropriately. (10" 1 = 10)

2.1 A series R-L-C circuit has a Q of 100 and an impedance of (laO + jO) Q at its resonant angular frequency of 107 radian/sec. The values of Rand Lare :

R = ohms, L = ohms.

2.2

A transistor having a = 0.99 and V BE = 0.7 V, is used in the circuit shown the figure is. The value of the collector current will be

o +I],V

~ ..

S·:

The circuit shown the given figure, ~upplies power

to an 8 n speaker, LS. The values of IC and V CE for this d rcu i twill be :

IC=------

and V CE '" -------

2.3

<s It,

2.4

In the given circuit the given figure, if the voltage inputs V- and V + are to be amplified by the same amplification factor, the value of R should be

2.5 An npn transistor under forward·active mode I)f operation is biased at Ie = 1 rnA, and has a total emitter-base capacitance C K of 12 pF, and the base rransit lime 'F of 260 psec. Under this condition the deperion capacitance of the emitter-bas~

junction is . [use VT = 26 rn VI

2.6 An RC·coupled amplifier is assumed to have 11 single-pole low frequency transfer function. The maximum lower cut-off frequency allowed for the am plifier to pass 50 Hz square wave with no

more than 10% tilt is _

2.7 An OP·A,'vlP is used as a zero-crossing detector. lf the maximum output available from the OPAMP is ± n V p.p, and the slew rate of the OPAMP is 12 V /usec, then the maximum frequency of the input signal that can be applied without causing a reduction in the pop output is

2.8 A power amplifiers delivers 50 W output at 50% efficiency. The ambient temperature is 25'C. If tile maximum allowable junction temperature is 150°C, then the maximum thermal resistance

<!lie that can be tolerated is _

2.9 An amplifier has an open-loop gain of 100, and its lower-and upper-cut-off frequency of 100 Hz and 100 kHz, respectively. A feedback network wi th a feedback fact or of 0.99 is connected to the amplifier. The new lower and upper-cut-off

frequencies are a t and ~

2.10 An n-charinel JFET has loss = 1 mA and Vp=-SV.

Its maximum transconductance is _

3. In each of the following questions, (3.1 - 3.9), match each of the items, A,B and C with an appropriate item from 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5.

3.1 (Al Fourier transform (1) Gaussian function of a Gaussian

function

(8) Convolution of a (2) Rectangular pulse rectangular pulse

with itself

(C) Current through (3) Triangular pulse an inductor for a

step input voltage

(4) Ramp function (5) Zero

3.2 In a bipolar junction transistor if

(A) the current gain (1) the base doping is

increases increased and the base width is reduced

(8) the collector (2) the base doping is

break-down reduced and the base

voltage increases width is increased

(e) the cut-off (3) the base doping and 3.6 For an ADC, match the following
frequency the base width (A) Flash converter (1) requires a conversion
increases are reduced time of the
(4) the emitter area is order of a few seconds
increased and the (8) Dual slope (2) requires a digital-to-
collector area is converter analog converter
reduced (C) Successive (3) minimizes the effect of
(5) the base doping and approximation power supply
the base width converter j n terfe renee
a re inc rea sed (4) requires a very
3.3 In a JFET if complex hardware
(A) the pinch. off (1) the channel doping is (5) is a tracking AID
voltage decreases reduced couvertes.
(8) the rransconduc- (2) the channel length is 3.7 (A) Common-collector (1) Provides voltage gain
tance increases increased amplifier but no current gain
(C) the transit time of (3) the conductivity of the (B) Common-emitter (2) Provides current gain
the carriers in the channel increased amplifier but no voltage gain
channel is reduced (C) Common-base (3) Provides neither
(4) the channel length is amplifier voltage nor power
reduced gain
(5) the Gate area is (4) Provides neither
reduced current nor power
3.4 In an extriansic semiconductor if gain
(A) the resistivity (1) the doping (5) Provides both voltage
decreases concentration is low an_d current gain
(8) the temperature (2) the length of the 3.8 (A) AM system (1) Coherent detection
coefficient of semiconductor is (Bl OSB-SC system (2) Envelope detection
resistivity reduced (C) PAM system (3) Correlation detection
is negative the band gap is high (4) PLL
(C) the photo (3) (5) LPF
conductivity (A) AM system (1) 2B (Band width of the
is low 3.9
(4) the area of cross- modulating signal)
section of the (8) SSB system (2) 2B
se ill icond uc tor is (C) PCM (11 bit) system(3) Between Band 28
increased (4) 2118
(5) the doping (5) I1B
concentration is
increased A
3.5 For a TIL gate, match the following Vo (s) = s2 + 1 coth (u s)
(A) V OH (min) (I) 2.4 volts where u is a constant. Determine the value of a
(8) V IH (min) (2) 1.5 volts ••
(C) VOL (max) . (3). 0.4 volts
(4) 2.0 volts
(5) 0.8 volts ANSWERS
1.3 (d) 1. 4 (a) 1.5 (b) 1.6 (a) 1.7 (e) 1.8 (e) 1.9 (a) 1.10 (a)
1.1 (c) 1.2 (b)
1.13 (b) 1.14 (n.r) 1.15 ( b) 1. 16 (a) 1.17 (b) 1.18 (d) 1.19 (d) 1. 20 (r)
1. 11 (e) 1. 12 (r)
1.23 (d) 1.24 (e) 1.25 (b) 1.26 (a) 1.27 (e) 1.28 (a) 1.29 (.,) 1.30 (d)
1.21 (c) 1.22 (a)
1.34 (b) 1. 35 (e) 1.36 (b) 1.37 (d) 1.38 (b) 1.39 (el 1.40 (1))
1.31 (b) 1. 32 (d) 1.33 (e)
1. 41 (b) 1. 42 k) 1.43 (b) 1.44 (.) 1.45 (e) 1. 46 (.:) 1.47 (a)