Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Ebook English 3
Ebook English 3
ebook
english 3 for islamic studies
MA IS LA M
GA C
A
T
IP
TU
AS
INST I
U NG
IAIC
TASIKMALAYA
IAIC Tasikmalaya
Kelas Rajapolah
2010/2011
By
Blog : http://englishclinicclub.blogspot.com/
UNIT I
First we are obliged to examine the nature of the path so that we may
ourselves realize what Islam is. The first pillar of Islam is Muhammad is the
prophet of God. The approximate meaning of bearing witness there is no God
other than God is this; God is the exclusive possessor of divinity, and none of His
creation shares in any of the aspects or properties of divinity, and none of his
creation shares in any of the aspects or properties of divinity. The first aspect of
divinity is absolute rule, whence arises the right to legislate for his whispers, to
ordain paths for their lives, to prescribe values on which their lives should be
based. It is not possible to bear witness that there is no god other than God
without recognizing that God alone has the right to ordain the path which human
life should follow, and without attempting to establish that path, and none
other, in human life. Anyone who claims for himself the right to lay down a path
for the life of a group of human beings has claimed also the right of divinity over
them for he claims the greatest of all aspect of divinity.
So that we may ourselves realize that attribute of Muslim which we claim.
This is possible only through bearing witness that there is no god but God and
Muhammad is His prophet. This profession of faith is possible only by recognizing
God as the sole possessor of divinity, and alone entitled to lay down a path for
human life. We must attempt the realization of that path conveyed to us from
God by Muhammad, the peace and blessings of God be upon him.
We must do so for reason connected with the nature of the path itself. It
is the only path which realizes the neberity of man grants him true freedom and
releases man from slavery. It is the only path that enables him to liberate himself
completely within the limits of his humanity and his services of God, for service
of God releases man from servitude to others. There is no other path in the
world possessing this quality. For Islam, by recognizing God Almighty as the sole
possessor of the right to legislate for the life of humanity, leaves only one God
and one Master for humanity. It prevents some men from being the gods of
others with legislative and directive rights over them, as a result of the servitude
of these who accord these gods the aspects of divinity.
New Vocabularies :
Oblige (v) : mengharuskan
Bear witness (v) : bersaksi
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Entitle (v) : memberi nama
Lay down (v) : menetapkan
Grant (v) : memberi
Leberate (v) : memerdekakan
Servitude (n) : perbudakan/perhambaan
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UNIT II
We should consider the fact that prayer is permitted in any clean place as
a pretext to neglect establishing special places for prayer, where Muslims
congregate and pray while they are sure of the cleanness and purity of these
place and meet and know each other, recite the Quran, fulfill God’s duties,
increase amity and love among themselves, and discuss the general affairs of
Muslims.
This is why these place are called masaajed (mosque), which is derived
from the word sujoud (kneeling to the ground); or jawame (gathering) where
people congregate. Mosque in reality are general camps for training on order
and discipline for all members of the society, and the arenas of training and
places where soldiers gather at appointed times during the day, and go to them
before the with a single signal would ask them to stand in one file or in many and
well arranged rows, and they all do certain harmonious movement. And when
the time allotted for training, the trainees (soldier) go back to their barracks or to
their jobs. And is not the mosque intended for anything except this? In fact the
mosques are more than that for the time of training is more than that and the
motive for coming are stronger.
For every Muslim should go to the mosque live times every twenty four
hours, and should go before the time of each prayer so that everyone is ready
when the Muezzin calls for prayer. The prayer unifies the Muslim, for all of them
say and do the same thing and follow the same leader (Imam), at the end of the
prayer everyone goes to his work. In this we see a unique manifestation of order,
discipline and obedience.
Of course if this habit was destroyed this significance of prayer and
carelessness in following the injunction of the messenger of God has resulted in
depriving the Muslims of the true sense of prayer. Prayer in essence means
obedience, and this obedience in turn aims at the organizing of society in a
perfect manner; for prayer eliminates anything ugly and immoral. God Almighty
says: “Prayer prevents sin and evil.
Mosque, then, are public squares of the Muslim. Which should receive
utmost care, for they constitute the tie that bind them and make them get
together, they , therefore, should be kept clean, and the Muslim in any
community should cooperate to build them and make them tidy, as was the case
during the era in which the prophet (Peace be upon him) lived.
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New Vocabularies :
Pretext (n) : dalih
Congregate (n) : berkumpul, berkerumun
Amity (n) : hubungan baik
File (n) : baris
Row (n) : deretan
Allot (v) : memberikan
Barrack (n) : barak, asrama
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Unify (v) : mempersatukan
Injunction (n) : perintah
Deprive (v) : mencabut, menghilangkan
Immoral (adj) : yang sepenuhnya
Constitute (v) : merupakan
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UNIT III
New Vocabularies :
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Admission (n) : pengakuan
Incumbent (adj) : wajib
Full fledges (adj) : penuh
Incomplete (adj) : tidak sempurna
Foremost (adj) : terpenting
Constitute (v) : merupakan
Bounden (adj) : wajib
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UNIT IV
The prophet of Islam did not only encourage education but also made
elaborate arrangements for religious teaching. He trained instructors and sent
them to the various part of Arabia. Under the Khulafah-i-Rashidin, the same
arrangement was continued with more elaboration and extensive application
during this period only a few branches of learning namely, the Quranic
interpretation (al-Fiqh), and the study of pre-Islamic poetry came to be
recognized.
Under the Ummayads more branches of learning sprang up, such as
grammar, history, geography, science, etc. But during the earlier part of the
Ummayad reign, no system of education was developed. Badira (near Madina)
was then the only seat of Arabian culture, where student from different parts of
the of empire gathered for the purpose of learning Arabic pronunciation and
recitation of mother tongue and knew how to swim and use bow and arrow were
regarded educated men, otherwise called ‘Kamel’. The system began to take
much interest in education. Special provision was made for appointing private
tutors for coaching of children in a household, came to be introduced later on.
Most of the schools were attached to mosques and endowed with property.
Many of the monarchs were patrons of art and literature and built school in
different parts of the empire.
Basrah and Kufa were the main centers of culture. It is said that the
culture compiled the first Arabic dictionary. During this period the saying of the
prophet came to be written and among the compilers of the Hadits, Hasan al-
Basri and Shihab al-Juhara were prominent and attained much celebrity. The
Muslims of this time were also curious to know the life history of the prophet.
This was probably the primary cause that led to the culture of history in those
days. Abid and Wahab distinguished themselves as story –tellers and historians.
In addition to this, the Ummayads tool keen interest in literature. They boasted
of a number of poets of whom ‘Umar bin Abi Rabia, Jamil, Hammad, Jarir,
Faradjak, and Akhtal were the outstanding figure in the field of poetry.
New Vocabularies :
Elaborate (adj) : teliti, terperinci
Recitation (n) : pengajian
Initiate into (v) : menuntun seorang untuk memahami
Bare (adj) : yang paling sederhana
Provision (n) : ketentuan
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7
UNIT V
God created a human pair to herald that the beginning of the life of
mankind on the earth and all persons inhabiting this world today have sprung
from this pair. For some time in the initial stages to the progeny of this pair
remained a single group. It had one religion and spoke the same language. There
were little or no differences among them. But as their numbers gradually
increased, they spread all over the earth and as a natural result of their
diversification and growth was divided into various tribes, and nationalities. Their
languages become different; their modes of dress varied; and their manners of
living also become distinct from another. The climate and environment of various
places altered their color and physical features. All these differences are natural
variations. They do exist in the world of reality. Hence, Islam recognizes them as
a matter of fact. It doesn’t seek to wipe them out or to ignore them but affirms
that their advantage consists in affording the only possible means of
distinguishing one of another. But the prejudices which have groupings and
organizations based on race, color language, nationality, etc are disapproved by
Islam. Islam regards all; distinctions of high and low among men, or upper and
lower classes or natives of the soil end aliens as manifestation of sheer
ignorance. It announces to all men in the world that they have sprung from the
same parents and therefore brothers and are equal in their status as human
being.
After propounding this concept of equality and brotherhood of mankind,
Islam adds that if there can be any real differences between man and man it
cannot be one race, color, country, and language, but of ideas, beliefs an
principles. Two children of the same mother, though they may be equal from the
point of view of common ancestry, will have to go their different ways in life if
their beliefs and moral conduct differ from one another. On the contrary two
persons, one being in the East and the other in the West, even though
geographically and outwardly separated from one another by fast distances, will
tread the same path in life if they have identity of ideas and moral behavior on
the basis of this fundamental tenet. Islam seeks to build a principled and
ideological society as against the racial, national, and parochial societies existing
in the world. The basis of the cooperative effort among men in such a society is
not one’s birth but a creed and moral principle.
New Vocabularies :
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Shape (n) : bentuk
Propound (v) : mengemukakan,mengajukan
Outwardly (adv) : pada lahirnya
Tread (v) : menempuh
Parochial (adj) : picik,sempit
Alien (n) : orang asing
Sear (adj) : belaka
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UNIT VI
Of all the prophets of the globe, Hazret Muhammad (sm.) is the only
personage every detail of whose life is thoroughly known to the world. He was a
beloved orphan a devoted husband, an affectionate father and sincere friend. He
was a successful businessman, a far-sighted reformer, a brave warrior, a skillful
general, an efficient administrator, an impartial judge, a great statement and
what not in all these roles he played his part with exemplary ability, honesty and
integrity, it can be said about him that he left nothing untouched and touched
nothing he did not rectify and improve.
When the whole world was groaning under oppression and injustice, he
came to this earth as a savior of oppressed humanity. Within a short time of
twenty years he transformed the barbarous and impious Arabians into a civilized
and religious nation and lifted up his people from the depth of moral and
spiritual degradation to a high consenclon of god, of morality and of justice. He
banished all tribal function and brought the whole of Arabian into one home
genius unity. Friend and foes, Muslim and non-Muslim were all a like him and the
eye of his law. Justice, equality and truth were his motto. He was a constant
friend of the poor and the helpless, the weak and the oppressed. Unlike
predecessors he shared the joys and sorrows of human life. He never sought
revenge. Moreover, he took in delight in forgiving and in showing mercy even to
his each enemy. In this respect he was unique in the whole history of mankind
and perhaps the world has never seen his like. The nobelity of soul and purity of
heart, austerity of conduct, refinement of feeling and stern devotion of duty
were the distinguishing traits of Muhammad (sm.) character. Modesty and
kindness, patience and generosity pervaded his conduct and riveted the affection
of all around him. With the bereaved and afflicted he sympathized tenderly. He
shared his food even in time of scarcity with others and he was eager to see the
comfort of everyone around him. He was most humane to his inferiors. Anas, his
servant said, “i served the prophet for ten years but he never said so much as
“Uff to me”
New Vocabularies :
Personage (n) : tokoh
Devoted (adj) : setia
Affectionate (adj) : penuh kasih sayang
Impartial (adj) : adil,bersifat tak memihak
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Bereave (v) : kehilangan
Afflict (v) : merundung
Humane (adj) : peramah
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UNIT VII
same simple in his companions and followers as well; they live in the same
simple manner.
New Vocabularies :
Prominent (adj) : menonjol
Covet (v) : mendambakan
Charity (n) : sedekah
Sack (n) : karung
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Badly (adv) : amat, sangat
Keynote (n) : inti, garis pokok
Sincerity (n) : ketulusan hati
Artificial (adj) : palsu, tiruan
Repugnant (adj) : menjijikan
Fuss (n) : banyak bicara
Patch (v) : menambal
Coarse (adj) : kasar
Pompous (adj) : muluk
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UNIT VIII
The Arabian Peninsula was dominated by the loyalty to the tribe, the sub
tribe or even to the single family, and the outside world by loyalty to the country,
birth-place, color and race. Humanity was unable to imagine any other kind of
loyalty until Islam came and proclaimed to everyone that humanity is one, stems
from the same source and is directed towards the same God; that difference of
race and color, of father and ancestry exist not to create division, enmity and
alienation among humanity, but merely so that man might recognize and identify
each other; so that the tasks of the viceregency of God on earth might be
distributed among them; and so that they might ultimately all return to God who
has place them on earth as His viceregents. God almighty addressed them thus in
the noble Qur’an:
“O people, we have created you of male and female, and made of you
peoples and tribes that you might recognize each other. The most noble of you in
the sight of god is the most God-fearing among you. Truly God is all, all wise.
“(Al-Hujarat,v.13)
“O people, fear you lord who created you from these two numerous men
and women. Fear God by whom you demand of one another, and the wombs.
Surely God ever watches over you, “(An-Nissa,v.1)
“Among His signs are the creation of the heaven and earth and the
variation of your tongues and your colors. Trully there in are signs for all the
worlds. (Ar-Rum,v.22)
These were not theoretical principles, but practical situations. Islam
expanded over the wide area of the globe which embraced most race and colors,
and melted them all together in the order of Islam. Inherited color, race, class or
lineage and did not prevent all from living together as brothers or the individual
from attaming what his qualifications enable him to and his rank as human being
imposed upon him.
It is true that various minor loyalties and fanaticisms continue to exist:
loyalties to the fatherland, to race, nation, color and language.
It is true that the position of people of color in America and south Africa
constitute a serious and obstinate problem, and in Europe too in a more
concealed manner.
Nonetheless, the concept of a single community still is an important
element in the counsels of humanity today. This concept, delineated by Islam, is
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the root of all human thinking, from a theoretical standpoint, while petty
loyalties are vanishing and diminishing, being weak and baseless.
New Vocabularies :
Peninsula (n) : semenanjung
Stem from (v) : berasal dari
Enmity (n) : rasa permusuhan, kebencian
Alienation (n) : perebutan
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Viceregency (n) : wakil
To address : berseru, beriman
Embrace (v) : mencakup
Lineage (n) : garis keturunan
Impose (v) : menentukan
Recession (n) : pengunduran
Conceal (v) : menyembunyikan
Delineate (v) : menggambarkan, melukiskan
Petty (adj) : picik, sempit
Amazement (n) : ketakjuban, kekaguman
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UNIT IX
New Vocabularies :
Injunction (n) : perintah tegas
Implication (n) : maksud, pengertian
Vanity (n) : kesombongan
Temptation (n) : godaan
Hasten (v) : bertindak dengan cepat
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Absolve (v) : membebaskan
Intercede (v) : mengetengahi
Decisive (adj) : menentukan
Malleable (adj) : dapat ditempa
Pagan (n) : penyembah berhala
Inalienable (adj) : tak dapat dicabut
Preservation (n) : pemeliharaan
Upbringing (n) : asuhan, didikan
Commendable (adj) : patut dihargai
Conviction (n) : keyakinan, pendirian
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UNIT X
New vocabulary
Differentiate (v) : membedakan
Unhampered (adj) : tak dirintangi
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Dull (v) : mengurangi, menghilangkan
Prescription (n) : resep
Heal (v) : menyembuhkan
Dictate (n) : petunjuk, perintah
Repose (v) : meletakan, memberikan (kepercayaan keyakinan)
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UNIT XI
New Vocabulary
Fertility (n) : Kesuburan
Resource (n) : sumber
Approve (v) : menyetujui
Utility (n) : kegunaan
Impetus (n) : dorongan
Cultivation (n) : pemanenan
Wasteland (n) : tanah kosong
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Bring forth (v) : menimbulkan
Thereby (adv) : dengan (cara) demikian
Brethren (n) : saudara dalam agama/keyakinan
Grant (v) : memberi, mengakui
Reserve (n) : menyediakan, mencadangkan
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UNIT XII
New Vocabulary:
Immoderation (n) : ketidakwajaran
Excess (n) : keterlaluan
Excel (v) : unggul
Duly (adv) : seharusnya, sepatutnya
Minor (adj) : kecil
Acquaint (v) : memperkenalkan, memberitahukan
Traits (n) : sifat-sifat
Urge (n) : keinginan, dorongan
Keep in view (v) : tetap dalam pandangan
Attainment (n) : hasil yang dicapai, pencapaian
Man-made law (n) : undang-undang buatan manusia
One-sideness (n) : kesepihakan
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KLAUSA ADVERBIA (Adverbial Clauses)
Or
If not
And Dan Menggabungkan dua buah
kata/kalimat/klausayang entuk dan
fungsinya sama dan setara
Whereas Padahal Menunjukkan kontra harap dengan
rujukan pembuktian fakta
sebenarnya.
...so...that... Begitu... Menyatakan hubungan sebab akibat
...such...that... Sehingga...
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...not...until... Baru...setelah... Menyatakan dua atau lebih
peristiwa yang terjadi berturut-
turut (berkronologis)
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[1] (Clauses of Contrast)although, though, even though, even if; [2]
(Adversative Clause)however, nevertheles, yet, still, but, whereas, while,
on the other hand; [3] dispite and inspite of.
Letak kalimat penghubung pertama bisa di awal atau diantara dua
kalimat, letak yang kedua adalah diantara dua kalimat yang disampung,
yang terakhir adalah fleksibel tetapi harus diikuti oleh nomina atau frasa
nomina.
Examples :
Although she was sick, she attended the lecture.
He does not have money though his father is rich.
He is stupid while his friend is clever.
It was cold. However, Tom went swimming.
Despite the cold weather, Tom went swimming.
Tom went swimming despite the cold weather.
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Examples :
Ali studied English very hard that he can speak it very fluently.
They are so clever that they can complete their task on time.
We have to work smartly in order that we can get our share.
It is such hot coffee that I can’t drink it.
She studies in order that she passed the test.
He walked so quickly that i couldn’t go after him.
In order to take the first train, he left earlier.
Examples :
Darno does the cooking. Besides, he looks after the garden.
Besides Darno does the cooking, he looks after the garden.
Besides doing the cooking, Darno looks after the garden.
Referensi :
Irham Ali Saifuddin, dkk. 2009. Buku Pintar TOEFL, DIVA Press, Yogyakarta.
Marcella Frank. 1972. Modern English, Prentice-Hall.Inc, New Jersey.
O. Setiawan Djuharie. 2004. Teknik dan Panduan Menerjemahkan Bahasa Inggris
– Indonesia, CV. Yrama Widya. Bandung.
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C. Conditional Clauses (if Clause)
1. Future-Possible Condition (real or factual Condition)
Will ..V1.. if + Simple Present
Berbicara suatu yang mungkin dan mustahil dalam bahasa Inggris dapat
dilakukan dengan menggunakan kalimat jenis ini. Kemustahilan atau
kemungkinan merupakan suatu yang bisa diusahakan. Artinya bahwa
sesuatu mungkin terjadi secara rasional kalau dan kalau syarat-syaratnya
dapat dipenuhi; tetapi kalau tidak maka hal yang mustahil dapat terjadi.
Examples :
If I finish work early, I will play tennis.
If she has enough time, she will come to your house.
If you invite us, we will come to your wedding party.
He will go out if his brother comes
They will have to go their different ways in life if their beliefs and
moral conduct differ from one another.
They will tread the same path in life if they have identity of ideas and
moral behavior.
Catatan:
Dalam real present conditional, si penutur menduga apa yang akan
terjadi, dalam unreal present conditional penutur menduga yang
mungkin terjadi.
Kalimat pengandaian jenis ini digunakan untuk :
a. Menyatakan hasil Ilmiah
Examples :
If water freezes, it become a solid
If children are healty, they learn to walk at about eighteen mont
old.
If orange blossoms are expected to very cold temperature, they
will wither and die.
b. Menyatakan hasil yang mungkin dimasa depan
Examples :
If you want to go to campus with me, I will wait.
If he listen to the question carefully, he will answer them easily.
We will come to your house if we have time.
I will stop by on my way home if they have a good sale.
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Bentuk ini menggambarkan kegiatan yang tidak pernah ada di masa
lampau, si penutur membuat perkiraan sudah atau mesti adanya suatu
akibat bila peristiwa yang terjadi di masa lampau itu betul-betul terjadi.
Examples :
He would have finished his work if he had started earlier.
They would have been here if there had not been a traffic jam.
She would have read the letter if she had received it.
4. Imaginary
Would ..V1.. if + were
Examples :
He would fly to her house if he were a bird.
if I were you, I would try it one more time.
if he were a king, she would be a queen.
Tabel : Conditional
if-clause Main Clause Keterangan
Present Simple Future Simple Mungkin
Past Simple Past Future Mungkin
(kemungkinannya lebih
sedikit bila dibandingkan
dengan yang di atas
Past Perfect Past Future Perfect Mustahil
but Allah” and the bearing of its acceptance on human life, you
cannot relize the real importance of this doctrine.
2. • It would never become effective unless these essential are achieved.
• It would never become effective if these essential are not achieved.
3 • She will buy the book unless you give her one.
• She will buy the book if you do not give her one.
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Referensi :
A. Chaedar Alwasilah. 1993. Kaji Ulang Kata Kerja Bahasa Inggris. Angkasa,
Bandung.
Irham Ali Saifuddin, dkk. 2009. Buku Pintar TOEFL. DIVA Press, Yogyakarta.
Marcella Frank. 1972. Modern English. Prentice-Hall.Inc, New Jersey.
Muhibbin Syah. 2005. Islamic English. Rosdakarya, Bandung.
Raymond Murphy. 1994. English Grammar in Use. Cambridge University Press.
Sachri Ramdhan. 1999. English for Islamic Studies. IAIN SGD, Bandung
U. Komara. 2002. Let’s Practice English. Universitas Siliwangi, Tasikmalaya
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KLAUSA ADJEKTIVA (Adjective Clauses)
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E. Klausa Adjektiva dengan WHICH
Klausa adjektiva juga dapat memanfaatkan which sebagai konjungsi kalau
subjek atau objek yang diterangkan adalah nomina benda. Dalam hal ini that
dapat menggantikan fungsi which sebagai konjungsi.
Examples :
The river [S] is polluted. It [S] flows through town.
The river which flows through town is polluted.
The river that flows through town is polluted.
The books [O] belong to Ali. She borrowed them. [O]
The books [O] which she borrowed belong to Ali.
The books [O] that she borrowed belong to Ali.
Referensi :
Irham Ali Saifuddin, dkk. 2009. Buku Pintar TOEFL. DIVA Press, Yogyakarta.
Marcella Frank. 1972. Modern English. Prentice-Hall.Inc, New Jersey.
Raymond Murphy. 1994. English Grammar in Use. Cambridge University Press.
Undang. 2006. Gramatika Bahasa Inggris. LPBI “Progresif”, Tasikmalaya.
Ebook - English 3 for Islamic Studies
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KLAUSA NOMINA (Noun Clauses)
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C. Klausa Nomina yang didahului WH Question
Klausa nomina bisa didahului oleh kata-kata tanya seperti when, where, why,
how, who, whom, what, which, whose yang masing-masing berbeda
fungsinya dalam bertanya.
Examples :
WH Question Noun Clause
Where does he live? I don’t know where he lives.
What did he say? I don’t know what he said.
When did Ali come here? I’m not sure when Ali came here.
With whom did she come here? I wonder with whom she came here.
Is his mother sick? The case is whether his mother is sick or not.
Was he married? The problem is if he was married or not.
Are you single> The case is not you are single or not.
WH Question Noun Clause
What do you want? It is what you want.
What are you looking for? It is what you are looking for.
Where does she live? The problem is not where she lives.
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3. Klausa Nomina sebagai Objek Langsung (Direct Object of Verb/
Predicate Noun)
Object verba menjadi klausa dapat diwujudkan dengan menggunakan
konjungasi seperti if atau whether kalau klausanya berwujud pertanyaan
yes-no question, kata-kata tanya kalau klausanya berupa pertanyaan
informatif dan that jika berupa kalimat berita.
Examples :
Kalimat Berita Noun Clause
I don’t know his book. I don’t know that the book belongs to him.
She is not sure her uncle. I presume that the man is her uncle.
Marry is already married. He knows that Marry is already married.
Yes/No Question Noun Clause
Is this his book? I wonder whether or not this is his book.
Is it yours? They are not sure whether it is yours.
Are you single? She doesn’t know if you are single or not.
WH Question Noun Clause
What is his book about? I am quite certain to what his book is about.
When will she come here? Be certain to when she’ll come here!
How long do you take bath? Make sure how long you take bath!
Referensi :
Irham Ali Saifuddin, dkk. 2009. Buku Pintar TOEFL. DIVA Press, Yogyakarta.
Marcella Frank. 1972. Modern English. Prentice-Hall.Inc, New Jersey.
Undang. 2006. Gramatika Bahasa Inggris. LPBI “Progresif”, Tasikmalaya.
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PARTICIPAL PHRASES
A. Bentuk Participle
1. Present Participle (active)
Running water
2. Past Participle (passive)
Neglected child
3. Prefect Participle (active)
Having completed the job
They left early
B.
Referensi :
Marcella Frank. 1972. Modern English. Prentice-Hall.Inc, New Jersey.
Undang. 2006. Gramatika Bahasa Inggris. LPBI “Progresif”, Tasikmalaya.
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