History Term 1 Notes 09/17/2010

Pilgrims
 Seperatists
 Congregationalist
 Native Americans
 Thanksgiving celebrating successful harvest 1621
Mayflower
 Mayflower Compact
o Outline for government
o Adult males voted
o Governor and advisors
o King argued and believed that pilgrims could not start a
government
o Kind didn’t stop them because he was worried about other
issued
Puritans still in England
 Presbyterians
o Higher order within Catholic Church
 Congregationalists
o Wanted to separate
1625 King Charles I
 Parliament
o Tried to limit his power
  Got rid of parliament
o Puritans didn’t like that Charles could do that
Second wave of Puritan Migration
 First wave was commoners
 Second wave was merchants and rich people
 Unlike first wave, did not abandon the ideas of English Church
1630-1642 Great Migration
 More people migrated to America (21000)
 Shared common persecution
 Mostly families
 Father was the head of the household
Stability in New England
 High life expectancy 70 years
 Twice as long as Va
 10 years longer than in England
 Families
o Head of household – father
o Land 150 acres
o Left land uncultivated for future generations
o No slaves – worked themselves didn’t have big plantations
o Women – had babies, cooked, cleaned, had more babies
 o Mid Atlantic colonies
- Dutch faltering by 1660s
- poor relations with the natives
- natives interrupting fur trade
- Dutch attacked natives "savagely"
- natives struck back
- Dutch had small, divided populations versus the natives larger
populations
- king Charles II granted James a charter to the Netherlands
- Dutch immediately surrendered

English
- ethnic and religious diversity made this area difficult to govern
(French, African, Dutch, ect.)
- they were unhappy with the english rule
- people were fighting for a democratic government
- James gave in to the concept in 1683

William Penn
- father was admiral in the navy
- kicked out of college
- Quaker "religious society of friends"
 Quakers
- peaceful
- placed value in equality
- plain dress
- women could be religious leaders

Pennsylvania
- merchants to farmers
- convenient trading location
- Philadelphia became center of trade
- large farms
- peaceful relations with natives
- did not force religion on natives
- did not sell them alcohol
- regulated fur trade
- learned the language of the natives
-
Origins of new France
- the French came to America with textiles, glass, copper ware,
ironware
- their metal tools helped the Indians
- Indians traded furs with french
 - Champlain forced Indians to accept Jesuits
- this helped the French obtain strong economic and religious structure

Dutch and Indians

- Dutch were interested in potential revenues from fur trade
- Henry Hudson explored for the Dutch and they made temporary
settlements around Connecticut, Delaware, and Hudson river
- Dutch west India company set up fort orange for furs, but the
Mohawk Indians took over
- disease plagued the northeast settlements (small pox)
- Hurons converted to Christianity
- Iroquois attacked Huron towns

Lure of the Mississippi

- war provoked refugees
- this forced families to leave the area, in turn ruining new France (half
of the population left)
- made roads
- the Mississippi was key to much success
- encountered Indians along the way, and encouraged trade
- 3 modest cities
- new france
 L’archeveque was a wealthy merchant who fled his families debts to
America
Caddo (Indians tattooed his face)
Merchant boy (12 year old)
Contact between English and Native American was unpredictable

Forces of Division
 The British resented France’s empire of fish and furs
 The British were uninterested in uniting against the French
 England’s mainland colonies were disunited
 Ethnic and Regional differences
 Variety of immigrants
 1700’s Chinas population increased a lot
 Europe’s population also increased
o Good climate
o Health and nutrition
o Tomato and potato crops helped too
 Black Slaves – largest immigration
 European fled because of Famine warfare and religious prejudice
 Poor people signed indentures to get to America
 High Birthrate

Transatlantic trials
 Jamaica Packet (ship sailing to new world)
o Rough seas and storms
o Stuff flying overboard
o Ship flipped over
o Private cabins for rich passengers
o 22 or more indentured servants
 narrow wooden bunks very crowded
 little light or air
 hardly and food
o Jamaica packet escaped shipwreck and disease
Conflict on Frontier
 More land
o Fertile
 Cheap Land
 Benjamin – entrepreneur, inventor, and politician
o Thoughts on backcountry
 Less people, more land
 Connected (less)
 Paxton Boys
 o Unprotected by the government
o Indians
o Marched to Philadelphia
o Ben Franklin guaranteed their protection
 Regulation Movements
o South Carolina
 Frustrated because there was no court system
o Outlaws
 Kidnapping, killing, stealing and weren’t being punished
o Regulators
 Batman
 Vigilante justice
o Eastern Political Leaders
 Extended courts into backcountry
o North Carolina
 Corrupt government
 Wealthy were controlling politics
 High legal fees, high taxes
 Manipulate laws
 Attacked courts (successfully for awhile)
 1771 – Battle of Alamance
  crushed in battle
 fueled the resentment of eastern government
o Boundary disputes
 Unclear boundaries
 People kept claiming the same land
 Green Mountain Boys
 Argued about boarder of Vermont and New York
 Similar to the Regulators in that they set up their
own judicial system
o Cities
 30 minute walk from one side to the other
 Seaports
 Philadelphia
 3 story buildings
 Neatly paved
 New York and Boston
 Wooden buildings
 Small streets
 Trade was the economy in Seaports
 Merchants managed trade
 Exported
 Alcohol, animals, crops, indigo
  Imported
 Goods to resell
 Blacks
 War in Europe
 Less indentured (white) servants
 Mostly men
 Less opportunity for family
 No community to American diseases many
didn’t 1rst winter
 Negro Election Day
 Mockery?
 Put on masters clothing and rode their
horses
 Women
 10% worked outside the household
 Prostitutes – lowest class
 Seamstresses – higher class
 Trade was risky
 Shipwrecks
 Bad storms
 Piracy
 Poor suffered most
 Disease spread more easily, crime fires
 Poor  Rioted against wealthy who flaunted
riches
 09/17/2010
Stability in England

Stability in New England

 High life expectancy 70 years
o Twice as long as Va
o 10 years longer than in England
 Healthy Climate
 Population increasing very quickly, 7 or 8 children living to
adulthood in each family
 Families
o Head of household – father
o Land 150 acres
o Left land uncultivated for future generations
o No slaves – worked themselves didn’t have big plantations
o Women – had babies, cooked, cleaned, had more babies
 New Englanders governed themselves democratically

09/17/2010