Resource allocation OFDMA

Wireless Communication systems

supporting multimedia systems

VIJAYALAXMI P
1MS08LDC17
Outline

 OFDMA
 TYPES of OFDMA
 SYTEM ARCHITECTURE
 ADVANTAGES
 RESEARCH ISSUES AND CONCLUSION
 REFERENCES

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What is OFDMA
 Frequency division multiplexing (FDM) is a technology
that transmits multiple signals simultaneously over a
single transmission path, such as a cable or wireless
system.
 Each signal travels within its own unique frequency
range (carrier), which is modulated by the data (text,
voice, video, etc.).
 OFDM is sometimes called multi-carrier or discrete
multi-tone modulation. It is the modulation technique
used for digital TV in Europe, Japan and Australia.
TYPES OF OFDMA

 MIMO-OFDM
 WOFDM
 Flash OFDM
MIMO-OFDMA

 Multiple Input, Multiple Output Orthogonal Frequency

Division Multiplexing is a technology developed by Iospan
Wireless that uses multiple antennas to transmit and
receive radio signals.
 will allow service providers to deploy a Broadband
Wireless Access (BWA) system that has Non-Line-of-
Sight (NLOS) functionality.
 The MIMO system uses multiple antennas to
simultaneously transmit data, in small pieces to the
receiver, which can process the data flows and put them
back together. This process, called spatial multiplexing
WOFDM & Flash OFDM
 WOFDM - Wideband OFDM, developed by
Wi-Lan, develops spacing between channels
large enough so that any frequency errors
between transmitter and receiver have no
effect on performance.
 Flash OFDM - Flarion (Lucent/Bell Labs
spinoff) has developed this technology, also
called fast-hopped OFDM, which uses
multiple tones and fast hopping to spread
signals over a um band.
OFDMA SYTEM ARCHITECTURE
 Duplexing Technique
FDD/TDD

 Multiple Access Method

TDMA/OFDMA
OFDM Symbols allocated by TDMA
Sub-Carriers within an OFDM Symbol allocated by
OFDMA

 Diversity
Frequency, Time, Code (CPE and BS), Space Time
Coding, Antenna Array
 Duplexing - Principles

FDD (Frequency Division Duplexing ) Uses One Frequency for

the DownLink, and a Second Frequency for the UpLink.
TDD (time Division Duplexing) Uses the same frequency for
the Downlink and the Uplink.
In any configuration the access method is OFDMA/TDMA .
DownLink UpLink

FDD
F1 - Frequency band F2 - Frequency band

DownLink UpLink

TDD
F1 - Frequency band F1 - Frequency band
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OFDMA-TDMA Principles

Using OFDMA/TDMA, Sub Channels are allocated in

the Frequency Domain, and OFDM Symbols
allocated in the Time Domain.
t TDMA

TDMA\OFDMA
m

N
OFDM-FDMA (OFDMA)

 The IEEE 802.16e/ WiMax use OFDMA as

Multiple access technique
– Bandwidth options 1.25, 5, 10, or 20 MHz
– Entire bandwidth divided into 128, 512, 1024 or
2048 sub carriers
– 20 MHz bandwidth with 2048 sub carriers has 9.8
KHz spacing between sub carriers
Advantages of OFDMA

 Multi-user Diversity
– broadband signals experience frequency selective
fading
– OFDMA allows different users to transmit over
different portions of the broadband spectrum (traffic
channel)
– Different users perceive different channel qualities,
a deep faded channel for one user may still be
favorable to others

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Advantages of OFDMA cont..

Multi-user Diversity
Advantages of OFDMA cont..

 Efficient use of Spectrum

4/3 Hz per symbol

6/5 Hz per symbol

Advantages of OFDMA cont..

 Receiver Simplicity
– It eliminates the intra-cell interference
avoiding CDMA type of multi-user detection
– Orthogonality of code destroyed by selective
fading
– Only FFT processor is required
 Bit Error Rate performance is better only in
Fading environment
Research issues and Conclusion

 Future works
– Peak-to-average power reduction in OFDM
– Timing and Frequency Synchronization
– Efficient digital signal processing Implementation of
OFDM
– Multiple input/Multiple output (MIMO) OFDM
 Conclusion
– Different variations of OFDMA are proposed and have
different pros and cons

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Thank You

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