Orthogonal Frequency Division

Multiple Access
(OFDMA)

 Zerguine Hakim.
 Yakhlef Moncef.
 Saidi Hamza.
 Bitame Houcine.
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 The difference
between
1 FDMA,TDMA
and CDMA OFDMA
3 Operation

2 Principle
OFDMA

4 OFDMA
Application

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 FDMA

 Frequency division multiple access :

• FDMA is the division of the frequncy band
allocated for wirless cellular telephone
communication into chanels.
• FDMA in Analogue Advanced Mobile Phone
System( AMPS).
• The Digital-Advanced Mobile Phone Service
(DAMPS) also uses FDMA but adds time division
multiple access (TDMA).
• Each channel can be assigned to only one user at a
time.
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• FDMA is a method
that lets more than one
user to share a single
radio frequency
spectrum. This is done
by assigning active
user different
frequency channel.
• FDMA puts each call
on a seprate frequency.

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 TDMA
• TDMA : time Division Multiple Access
• TDMA is digital transmission technology that
allows a number of users to access a single radio-
frequency (RF) channel without interference by
allocating unique time slots to each user within each
channel.
• TDMA divides each cellular channel into three time
slots in order to increase the amount of data that can
be carried.

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 CDMA
• There is no restriction on time and frequency in
this scheme.
• Parallel communication without collision and
whole bandwidth can be used.
• Users are separated by code not by time slot and
frequency slot.

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 OFDM principle

 Each carrier is modulated using BPSK / QPSK / M-

ary QAM.
 Frequency response for each carrier is a Sinc(X)
 Overlap of frequency response is possible as
against FDM where inter-carrier spacing is a must.
 Frequency responses of the carriers overlap at zero
crossings avoiding Inter Carrier Interference.
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 Advantages of OFDMA
 Multi-user Diversity:
• broadband signals experience frequency
selective fading.
• OFDMA allows different users to transmit
over different portions of the broadband
spectrum (traffic channel).
• Different users perceive different channel
qualities, a deep faded channel for one user
may still be favorable to others.

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 Receiver Simplicity:
• It eliminates the intra-cell interference
avoiding CDMA type of multi-user detection.
• Orthogonality of code destroyed by selective
fading.
• Only FFT processor is required.
 Bit Error Rate performance is better only in
Fading environment.

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 Disadvantages of OFDMA
 Synchronization:
• Tight Synchronization between users are required
for FFT in receiver.
• Pilot signals are used for synchronizations.
 Co-channel interference :
• Dealing with this is more complex in OFDM than
in CDMA .
• Dynamic channel allocation with advanced
coordination among adjacent base stations.

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 Applications
 PC to PC file transfer using the ubiquitous
sound card
 Digital audio broadcasting (DAB), wireless
CD-quality sound transmission
 Digital video broadcasting (DVB),
specifically, digital terrestrial television
broadcasting (DTTB)
 Wireless LAN 802.11a
 ADSL (asymmetric digital subscriber line),
also called DMT (Digital Multi Tone)

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