‫סקס‪ ,‬שקרים ואלוהים‪:‬‬

‫שער‬
‫עשור לשער‬
‫פסטיבל השירה הבינלאומי‬

‫פסטיבל השירה הבינלאומי ‪ 2010‬המשוררים והשירים‬

‫בעקבות עשרת הדיברות‬
‫חֹוסה‬
‫ֶ‬ ‫אמיר אור | מירון ח‪ .‬איזקסון | זֹהר איתן |‬
‫ָמ ִריָ ה ַא ְלוָ ֶרז | אבי אליאס | ישראל אלירז | שרון אס‬
‫ּבלנְ דיאנה | מואיז בן הראש | נטעלי בראון‬ ‫| רות בלומרט | אנה ַ‬
‫| חמוטל בר יוסף | אורציון ברתנא | יעל גלוברמן | ורדה גנוסר |‬
‫קזימירֹו ֶדה ּבריטֹו | מרק ֶדלּוז | ריקי דסקל | סיון הר־שפי | רפי‬
‫וייכרט | דורית ויסמן | חאריס ולאוְ יאנֹוס | ענת זכריה | לינה‬
‫זֶ רֹון | איוואן ְחריסטֹוף | צביה ליטבסקי | גלעד מאירי | סלמאן‬

‫שער‬
‫מצאלחה | שחר־מריו מרדכי | אגי משעול | ּבאניָ ה נטסּואישי‬
‫| ֶדניס נֶ ְר ְקס | אנואר סאבא | ָארּונדהאטי סּוּבראמאניאם |‬
‫יינשטיין | לאה‬
‫ַ‬ ‫איליין ַפ‬
‫רוני סומק | ריטה עֹודה | עמוס עוז | ֵ‬
‫קינס ָלה | דוריס‬
‫ֶ‬ ‫ֹוקצ’נּור ֶצ ֶ’ל ִּביֹוגלּו | ג’ון‬
‫פילובסקי | עודד פלד | גֶ ֶ‬
‫ָק ֶר ָבה | טוביה ריבנר | אנה ריסטֹוביץ’ | צביקה שטרנפלד |‬
‫קולות חדשים‪ :‬יונתן ברג | ליאור גרנות | ּבֹעז יניב | ִל ְיבנָ ה כץ‬
‫אסי | דויד מור |‬ ‫סּוח ַמּוָ ִ‬
‫| נארימאן ָּכרּום | דנה לובינסקי | עלי נָ ְ‬
‫פסטיבל השירה הבינלאומי ה‪10-‬‬ ‫אורה ניזר | שירה סתיו | דניאל עוז | יערה שחורי | יצחק שחר‬
‫המשוררים והשירים ‪2010‬‬
‫شعر ‪٢٠١٠‬‬ ‫‪90‬‬

‫مهرجان دولي للشعر‬

‫מחיר מומלץ ‪ 55‬ש"ח‬

‫משרד התרבות והספורט‬
‫משרד החוץ‬
 OKZK[FG OKZZG[PF { ZT[
Sha'ar ± The International Poetry Festival
Poets and Poems

\KGG[MT FZK[N \KDGNG\RB FZES { QGYKNF

NBZ[KC FZK[F OGEKYN QGYKNF \\GPT \BXGFC

10 FR[ / KPGBNRKCF FZK[F NCKJSV { ZT[

B"T[\ ,2010 GK\S ,NCKJSVF ZVS

ZGB NBKCB ZKPB :K[BZ LZGT

OGNC-QGJZY \GZ ,YPGS KRGZ ,JZMKKG KVZ ,ZERNGF KZGB ,QPZCGND NTK ,F[P-QC ZKYK :\MZTPF

(\ZIB QKGX OB BNB) ZEKY-QPJNB QRGZ :FZK[ NT \GSPG OKKI \GZGY OGDZ\

ZKZVX KRGZ :CGXKT

FRVGD :SGVEN FRMFG KRG[N WGTKK

P"TC SGVE \GYVF QZGB .B :FSVEFG \GIGN

ISBN & 5935-2970 C"\SP ,(Z"T) NBZ[KC FZK[F OGEKYN F\GPTF ,"QGYKNF"N \GZGP[ \GKGMHF NM #
,LCZGB QGRZB ,(Z"GK) QZJ[RDZGP-[ZC FZGBKN Z"E :\KZGCKXF FNFRFF KZCI
IN[ K\B ,JSGZV KSGK ,NDS \KZGR ,ZGRD FCGFB

Published by HELICON Society for the Advancement of Poetry in Israel

Partner of the European Network of Cultural Journals Eurozine, www.eurozine.com

Member of Lyrikline.org; Partner of LAF / Literature Across Frontiers; Member of

ENCWP / The European Network of Writing Programs
KZGC\ QGZGE ,KJBRYZ QGBN ,QPENV ZGEDKCB ,TNS NBMKP ,TNS \KZKB ,YPGS KRGZ ,ZGB ZKPB :OKESKKP

\GCZ\FG LGRKIF EZ[P ,\GRPBNG \GCZ\N NFRP

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7 (BGCP) \GZCKEF \Z[T \GCYTC FZK[ :OKFGNBG OKZY[ ,SYS / ZGB ZKPB
11 FZ@K]a / ZGB ZKPB
12 OE@B@ / QGSYHKB .I QGZKP
13 K]\Z@E^]nF# I#+XfZF@ F&XfZ FP@ / Q\KB ZF` H
15 Cancionero Ano nimo / HZ&@G^NB# F@KZ]P@ F&SfI
15 GFK\\P \KNDZP :\KEZVSP { KP]K]RfRB@ ZKr] / HZ&@G^NB# F@KZ]P@ F&SfI
16 (FZK[F NT) ONGTP / HZ&@G^NB# F@KZ]P@ F&SfI
17 C` F@X oK']D^a QP+r@ rKB]^G OKF̀]N<B / SBKNB KCB
19 QI@^NtAF# N#Tr& I#eo#vF# NB& OY@ OE@B@ / HZKNB NBZ[K
21 ZI#r# KZ+Tzr#^a N+kI#P^F# / SB QGZ[
23 F@M+nP# / JZPGNC \GZ
25 Nealegere / FRBKE^R#Na FRB
25 \GRZD F[PG NPZM NGB[ :\KRPGZP { FZ@KI]^a KB] / FRBKE^R#Na FRB
26 (FZK[F NT) JY[F \B [EIP ZGXKN / FRBKE^R#Na FRB
27 OKP]IzZ# B+NP@ NB+ / [BZF QC HKBGP
29 K]NK]N / QGBZC KNTJR
31 K]YTz^X]v / USGK-ZC NJGPI
33 FE@Y+TzF@ Nr& Zeo]nF# / BR\ZC QGKXZGB
35 \fPKr]^R QP#fK / ZSGRD FEZG
36 OI&&kF# KZ+eZ+o NK]Cr^ / QPZCGND NTK
38 Livro das Quedas, 170 / fJKZa FE& fZKPKHY
39 ZGB ZKPB ,QZea SKBGN :\KNDGJZGVP { 170 ,OK]G@\^nF# Z&V+S / fJKZa FE& fZKPKHY
40 (FZK[F NT) FZK[C OKRG[BZF KE#TX / fJKZa FE& fZKPKHY
43 De sert ouÁ les mots s'e vaporent / HeNE& YZP
44 QPZCGND NTK ,HGNE YZP :\K\VZXP { eE^iB#^\F]r& OK]kl]F# Z#aE^P] / HeNE& YZP
45 (FZK[F NT) FZK[G OKZZG[P / HeNE& YZP
47 ZfB@a O&\&j / NYSE KYKZ
49 OE#Y@ #TeDTz#b / KV[-ZF QGKS
50 \fCB@ KY+Z^]o ,CK]CB@-N+v SB#NB@o / JZMKKG KVZ
52 K]RKP] J^Y&K^afB Nr& QfZ@j]H / QPSKG \KZGE
54 La Madre EÂ (Finalmente) Morta / SfRBK^GBNG SKZBI
54 KZTS KPZ :\KRGGKP { La Madre EÂ (Finalmente) Morta / SfRBK^ GBNG SKZBI

90 QGYKNF /4
 55 (FZK[F NT) FYKJBGV FPKRKP / SfRBK^GBNG SKZBI
57 rfR<B \eTJ@ N#N^D]a / FKZMH \RT
59 DESCONSUELO / QfZ&H FRKN
60 ZGB ZKPB ,SBDZBG FKZP :\KEZVSP { QfPl@r] / QfZ&H FRKN
61 (FZK[F NT) O\ZK[G OKZZG[PF ,ONGTF / QfZ&H FRKN
63 ±êàÝØ / UfJSKZI^ QBGGKB
64 ZEKY-QPJNB QRGZ ,NEGZ FN'DRB :\KZDNGCP { K]RZ^& a / UfJSKZI^ QBGGKB
65 (FZK[F NT) FZK[ [K GRN / UfJSKZI ^ QBGGKB
66 xl+B] K]\K]KF@ B̀kr& / KYSCJKN FKCX
68 DZ+fF^N FB@@XfF / KZKBP ETND
69 O#b B@aB# / FINBXP QBPNS
71 U+K@T / KMEZP GKZP-ZI[
72 E&SI& \#\P@Fz / NGT[P KDB
74 / K[KBeSJR F@KRBa
74 \fZ^ac]F# \Z&s&Tz OT] eY^KF# / K[KBeSJR F@KRBa
ZGB ZKPB ,K[KBeSJR FKRBC :\KRVKP {
75 (FZK[F NT) \KNGNKP \KNKVZT :GMG\PG GYKKFF QTPN / K[KBeSJR F@KRBa
77 Ben Adan / S^YZ^&R SKRE&
78 ZGB ZKPB :\KNDRBP { QBE#B@ Q&a / S^YZ^&R SKRE&
79 (FZK[F NT) FZFXF / SY^Z^R&-KE
81 / BCBS ZBGRB
82 ZCIPF :\KCZTP { Zs @ @T-EI#B#F@ Z+ac]F# / BCBS ZBGRB
84 5:46, Andheri Local / OBKRBPBZaeS KJBFEReZB@
85 QPZCGND NTK :\KNDRBP { K]RfZKT] ,KZ]F&E^^RB# GY# 5:46 / OBKRBPBZaeS KJBFEReZB@
86 (FZK[F NT) ?FZK[ FPN / OBKRBPBZaeS KJBFEReZB @
88 \&M&oF#^\l]F# CZ&I&F# Nr& FE@+kF# ZE#Iz \J#&RfS / YPGS KRGZ
90 / FEfT FJKZ
91 QPHGND FBN :\KCZTP { FY@K] \t^F# C#N^X / FEfT FJKZ
93 [G\K / HGT SGPT
95 The White Bird / QKKJ#[RKK#V QKK+NKB
96 ZGB ZKPB :\KNDRBP { F@R@ C^kF# Zfo]pF# / QKKJ#[RKK#V QKK+NKB
97 (FZK[F NT) FCK\M N[ OKKI / QKKJ #[RKK#V QKK+NKB
99 EfT y^a T#bB& B̀N / KYSCGNKV FBN
100 \fEK]\Tz Z+CfY ,ZI@l@#N E+DfS / ENV EEGT

5 / OKZK[FG OKZZG[PF { ZT[

102 Gece / eNDfK]a&N'&X ZeR'&XYf&D
103 ZCIPFG QXKR NJ ,ZNMGC FZERSMNB :\KYZGJP { F@N^K#N / eNDfK]a&N'&X ZeR'&XYf&D
104 (FZK[F NT) [VIP / eNDfK]a&N'&X ZeR'&XYf&D
106 Thou Shalt Not Kill: / F@N&SRKY QG'D
107 :I#XZ^]v B̀N / F@N&SRKY QG'D
QPZCGND NTK :\KNDRBP {
108 (FZK[F NT) \GZCKEF \Z[TG FZK[ ,OKZZG[P NT / F@ N&SRKY QG'D
110 Sina ei pea mitte / F@CZ&Y@ SKZGE
110 DSP FRKCS ,YKZJVNKYP OKZP :\KRGJSBP { I#XZ^]v B̀N / F@CZ&Y@ SKZGE
111 (FZK[F NT) ?FZK[ KFP / F@ CZ&Y@ SKZGE
113 ZKr] F&H / ZRCKZ FKCGJ
115 Licem u lice / 'WKCfJSKZ FRB
116 QXKR NJ ,ZSKNV ENGGB :\KCZSP { OK]R@o NB& OK]R@o / 'WKCfJSKZ FRB
117 (FZK[F NT) OKVKH[ / 'WKCfJSKZ FRB
118 ZP#<B&R B̀kt& FP# / ENVRZJ[ FYKCX

OK[EI \GNGY
120 \Z&&\fj B̀N^N / DZC Q\RGK
121 xKB+ / \GRZD ZGBKN
122 T#DZ& / CKRK HT` a
123 OB] / WM F@R^CK]N
124 / OeZ@j QBPKZBR
125 KCMGM-\KPT FRI :\KCZTP { dE@fS \B& F@k#DP^ Zfo]pF# / OeZ@j QBPKZBR
126 KZ]P^t@F] / KYSRKCGN FRE
128 / K]SB@eP
#I^eS@R KNT
129 ZCIPFG ZGJYVS-ZNDRB FKP ,KNBZ[K KBRK ,KERN QKKTP :\KCZTP { K]VeSBz / K]SB@eP# I^eS@R KNT
130 Q]KY# / ZGP EKGE
131 F@CfJ Fc@^N#K / ZHKR FZGB
132 QKP]BzF#^N B̀N^G \fBZ^]N / GK\S FZK[
133 CfIZ^-K+MBz^NP# / HGT NBKRE
134 ZK]Y IZ#&o / KZGI[ FZTK
136 Z&C&b BeFr& K#\P@ / ZI[ YIXK

90 QGYKNF /6
 \GZCKEF \Z[T \GCYTC FZK[ :OKFGNBG OKZY[ ,SYS

ZT[N ZG[T
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:OKDGNBKE N[ QGGDPN IG\V ZT[F FKF ZG[T L[PC .K[GRB-NM DGNBKENG KVGK N[ FKGGIN ,FC[IPN
\GKGRPB QKCN FZK[ QKC DGNBKEG ,\G\EG \GKGCZ\ ,\GV[ QKC DGNBKE ,OKBZGYN OKZZG[P QKC DGNBKE
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NM N[ \KJSKRKGGZEF \GEZ[KFF BN LB { \GEZ[KF N[ OKIRGPC Z\GK \INXGPF LZEF OD BGF KCZPF
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.\GCGI N[ EGYN ZGGKT \GKXM BNG ,FVKB[MG ETKM GR\GKZIB
OKXGZ GRB[ KCZPF CGJN I\VPF OF CGJF NB FVKB[FG \GKZIBN NBKXRJGVF[ FBZR ZCE N[ GVGSC
OKV\G[PF OKK[GRBF \GZXGBF OKZGXB GC[ ZXGBF \KC \B GC IG\VN GRN QG\R FHF I\VPF .DK[FN
\GZXGB OF FNB NMG .KVGKG \GK\ZKXK ,QGKPE ,FCFB :OKXTFN OKVBG[ \GRPBFG FZK[F[G ,GRNGMN
.Z\GK OFC OKYNGI[ NMM Z\GK OKTVG[F
ZGB ZKPB

9/

\B OHKG QGYKNF \\GPT \B TNS \KZKB OT ESKK ZGB
FZK[F NCKJSV ,FZK[N ZVSF \KC OFKRKC ,FK\GNTVP
FKVGSGNKVG \K\BGG[F \E EPN .\TF C\MG KPGBNRKCF
\KRGGKF \EF NT FC EPKNG ,\KZCTF FJKSZCKRGBC
EPNPG ,QGYKNF N[ K[BZF LZGTM OGKM QFMP .FYK\TF
ESKKP ZCI BGF ZGB .N"GICG WZBC \ZXGK FCK\MG FMKZT
QFMPG ,ENCWP \KVGZKBF FCK\MF \GKRMG\ \[ZC
EKN[ "OGN[F QTPN OKZZG[P" QGDZB N[ KXZB OB\PM
.SNJB KPGBNRKCF \TF C\M N[ KXZB LZGTMG O"GBF
XKNGO: ERKBN X'X'KY
ZGB ZKPB
ZVSG FZK[ KZVS FT[\ OSZV .1956 ,CKCB-N\C ENGR
SGVB) FZKFBJ ZK[ { OFC[ OKRGZIBF .EIB FHGZV
EIGBPF WGCKYF) QPHF QGBKHGP ,(2001 NGDZI ,KRGKEC
GKZK[ .(2010 FZK[N C[Y) CNC[ FKIF G (2007
FT[\CG \GKDGNG\RBC ,\T KC\MC \GV[ 36-C GPSZGV
,"OGK" ,"ZK[" ,"\ZPGB FV[F" ,"SR") \KNDRBC OKZVS
\KRPGZ ,("ZK[") \KRNGV ,("QPHF QGBKHGPP \GRGP\"G
\ZTR BKF FZK[F") \KCZT ("L\GB ZCER BGC")
QM .("OKKI OKP O[GR BGF TCGJ") \KRGEYPG ("OKT[GV
{ \GRG[ \GV[P GKPGDZ\ N[ OKZVS F[K[ OSZV
QGSVPS FRGKV \BP GRKRKC YIZPF OFC[ QGZIBF
\DNP ] C ZB[F QKC FMH G\ZK[ NT .(2008 FZK[N C[Y)
SZVCG FN[PPF [BZ SZVC ,OKZXGKN JKKZCNGV
Z[ SZVC { FYK\T \KRGGKP GKPGDZ\ NTG ,QKKJ[RZC
.\GCZ\F
90 QGYKNF / 10
 NBZ[K | ZGB ZKPB
FZ@K]a

F@ReDFz FE@fCTz ,QfM@R ,ZP

#B@ ,\fa]S QKB + O@Nr^lAF# I#XZ&@N
N@CBz ,F+aZ^F# \Z&Z&I ^r
#P^ ,O@Nr
^PA J^Y&K^afB reZc@ O@Nr ^lAF# I#XZ&@N
E+aB#P
^ fRKB+ O@Nr ^PA I#XZ& .WK]Gr
^ ^eB
#^a HB
@ F@KF@r& fP^j
.\I#B# F@oJ ] ek]VBz fP^j B@kB& ,Q@Cel#j ,\fVZ@s ^l ]F# B̀N
,ZK]a^SF] ,E&N&K Nr& O]K\#@Vs^ fP^j ZP
#B@ ,FE@fCTzF@ \fTr ^ ]N WeIP ] ,x@j ZI #B#
,U&XY&@G NfI fP^j Yv+v#r^F]^G
Fv@B#r
& fP^j U&Xq&#a JK]aP#
,#TP
+ fr .O+DfN^G
.#TP
+fr^G F\ &fr
.ZP#B
@ ,F@CFzB# BeF O@Nr ^l AF# I#XZ&F @
,O@Nr^P A Z@Cc@ rq+#CP^ B̀N O@Nr^l AF# I#XZ&F @
\\+@N YZ#
.y v
^^N@M^K K]V^j
Q]KE#Tz OK]iI
#F# ,F\ # QfZ^M]H^a ek]VB
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,E@iF# \B & eN^SZ^T]r
& \fN@N^KF
# ek]VB z .I#X&R
,Zq#F
# Zs@ @aF
# N#T E&SI & fP^j N#V@mr
& Q\&t&F # ek]VB z
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,JY&t&F # ek]VB z
.ZP#B@
.U&Xq&#a JK]aP #

11 / OKZK[FG OKZZG[PF { ZT[

NBZ[K | QGSYHKB . I QGZKP
OE@B@

K\]BZ+^C]R B+NeN
OKB]@a O\&K]K< F B̀N
TZ#@Ce Cfh#a Kv]Z^I #@a B+NeN
,OK\]P + O\&K]K< F B̀N
Kv]r^ Z#` b B+NeN
OKT]^bT^#b\^P ] O\&K]K< F B̀N
Kv]r^ #C@N B+NeN
OKJ]t^ #o\^P ] O\&K]K< F B̀N
K#R@a K+NeN QGSYHKB . I QGZKP
OK]DZ^fF O\&K]K< F B̀N
Kv]r FJKSZCKRGBC EPN .WZBC KTKCZ ZGE ,1956 ,FVKIC ENGR
^ B] K+NeN
FKVGSGNKVG OKJV[P CKCB-N\ \JKSZCKRGBCG \KZCTF
,OKr ]I z#RP ^ O\&K]K< F B̀N
\KZCT \GZVSN ZCI ZGSVGZVM [P[P OGKMG ,\KEGFK
K\#fBP ^ \fZP ^#N
.QNKB-ZC \JKSZCKRGBC
OKZ]^MfH K\]fB ZICP FM ET OFC QGZIBF ,FZK[ KZVS FRGP[ OSZV
KB]fCI zP# \fZP ^#N FTCZBG ,(2007 EIGBPF WGCKYF) OK[EI OKZK[G
OKB]^XfP O&M^RKB+ K\]fB WGCKYF) FHKNT N[ FRGKZF FM ET OFC QGZIBF ,OKRPGZ
G\ZK[ OT OKZGJKNY\ GBXK USGRC .(2010 EIGBPF
KBRC Z\KCB ,ZJMZ KRGKM OKBYKHGP TGXKCC \RINGPF
G\F" KEK-NT BXK ,OEB ,FM ET QGZIBF YSKEF .OKZIBG
.2006 \R[C QDP KNB N[ GTGXKCC "KRKP[F
OGDZ\C GPSZGV ,FZK[CG FHGZVC ,GKZVSP FTC[
G\ZK[ NT .FKSGZCG \VZXC ,FKDCZGRC ,\KZCF \GXZBC
.FZK[N NDGY SZVCG \GZVSN FRKEPF BK[R SZVC FMH
TGC[F \[ZV NT KTGC[F ZGJF \B ESKK QGSYHKB
."WZBF" QG\KTC

90 QGYKNF / 12
 N B Z [ K | Q \ K B Z F` H
K]\Z@E^]nF# I#+XfZF@ F&XfZ FP@

.F@CFzB# F&KF^]K N` jF#r

& F&XfZ K\]Z@E^]nF# I #+XfZF@
.ZK]a^SP# BeF ,F@XK+a fP^j
ZP+fB ,EKZ]fF^N xKZ]@X F@CFzB# fRKB+t & FP# N@j
fP^j ,U+ir # ^N ,K\]Z@E^]nF# I
#+XfZF@
BeF ,OfYP @ fN QKB+ .F@XK+a
Kc+ fRKB+t& FP # ,ZP+ fB
fB N` D@T ,Y@NI@
Q@C@N
Q \ K B Z F` H
FKZGBK\G FKXKRDGY EPNPG ZYGI ,1955 EKNK
KR[ OSZV .CKCB-N\ \JKSZCKRGBC \KNYKHGP
QGEKM \NJFC QPB\P KBF-e[ :FZK[ KZVS
ZCM/NPZM) [K FP G ,(1996 Q\KC-QGYKNF)
NCKJSV N[ FZK[N TCJ SZVC FMH .(2007
EZ[P SZVC ,(2007) FNGJPC OKZZG[PF
(1996) OKZGMKC ZVSN \GCZ\FG LGRKIF
BGF Q\KB .KNYSN KHI ["T QGYKNF \DNPCG
ZVSF \KC N[ FRG[BZF FZK[F \\KM ZDGC
.(1994) QGYKNF FZK[N

13 / OKZK[FG OKZZG[PF { ZT[


K[DVP' \ZESC OK[DVP Z[T-EIB NFKRG OHK HZ&BGGNB#
GPKKY\F[ ,'FP @ KSKJRE&ZB# N[ OKKPGBNRKCF FZK[F
[DVP \B YKVF OD BGF .ONGTF KCIZC OKZT QGGDPC
N[ F\GEPTGP \ZDSPC ,(2004) FCGEZGYC OKZZG[PF
OKSZGY OBK\G OHK QMG ,FVGZKB N[ \GCZ\F \ZKCN ZKTF
@ ZY# ,F@KSZeP OKZTC \KNZCKN FC[IPC
NB&G F@RI&J
.EZVSC NB@KZfYSB&
H &Z@G ^N B# F@K Z] P@ F S& f I
ZZGD\PG 1942 \R[C F@RI&J @ ZY#C ENGR H&Z@G^NB# F@KZ]P
@ FS&fI
FZK[F KZVS OKRPR OKCZF GKPGSZV OT .HKZVC OGKM
NT ,(1980) CFHF QEKT ,(1964) OK[EIF OKNMF ZVS
KKIN \G\[N G (2006) FYG[\CG OTJC[ \GRKETF
H&Z@G^NB# OSZV USGRC .(2008) \GCZGIF NTP IZKF ZGB
FRGP[ QMG ,\GRGZMH KZVSG OKZPBP KXCGY F[KPI
.OPGE TCJ KZGKX FM ET OFC QGZIBF[ ,OKRPGZ
.N JZCGZ ,QGERGN Y'D \BP \GZKXK \KEZVSN ODZ\ H&Z@G^NB#
FBGSRZV N[ O\ZKXK NGNMP \B ,JGKNB S"\G QGSRCKJS
N[ \GJRGSF \BG ,SKVBGGY SGRKERJSRGY N[G QGKG
\GV[N GPDZG\ GN[ FHGZVFG FZK[F KZVS .ZKVSYKK[
.\GCZ
FZK[F SZV \B H&Z@G^NB# NCKY \K\GZVSF G\ZKXK ZGCT
FS@KZRfS F@N' SZV \B ,1989-N 'F@NfZBYZBa' KPGBNRKCF
BGF .FG&G&N KPGBNRKCF FZK[F SZV \BG 1992-N 'NBYKJZG
,EZVS ,F@KSZePC KPGBNRKCF OKZVGSF [DVP \B NFKR
["T FKPEYBC ZCIM NCY\F 2004-CG ,1986 \R[C
.HKZVC FP & ZBNBP
90 QGYKNF / 14
 E Z V S | H &Z@G ^N B# F@K Z] P@ F S& f I
GFK\\P \KNDZP :\KEZVSP

KP]K]RfRB@ ZKr]

.O@i#N OZ+fH ZF@@mF#

I
#fIK]R UeJ@T
,Heov#F# K+XTz
K]NJ
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x+N+K EI@B& CZ&&Tr & KP ] r+K
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Z+nP#\^P ] ,x+N+ir
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B
,OK]CK]F^HP# OK]VfI QK+a
.O@iF# NB& ,Zt @ABP^e YKv]#T

15 / OKZK[FG OKZZG[PF { ZT[

 F Z K [ F N T / H &Z@G ^N B# F@K Z] P@ F S& f I
GFK\K\P \KNDZP :\KEZVSP

ONGTP

.FCK\MF \ZXGR LKB K\TEK BN ONGTP

.CG\MN LZGX K\[DZFG FBKZYFP K\PSYGF ENK K\GKFC EGT
GKNB UGB[N [K[ EIBF ZCEF[ QKPBP QKKET KRB 68 NKDC
GKNT[ ZCE NM YGIPN \TEN ,CG\MN BN FP \TEN BGF
.OKKY-BNF N[ ZEDC ZB[KFN
:\GZCKEF \Z[T KCDN
OFG ,FZCIF KKI \B CKJKFN \RP NT OKYGI OFC GC\MR
QKPBP [KB KRKB { KN[ FZYPC .ONGM \NIR \GKFN OKZGPB
K\NCJGF[ \GZPN ,\E UB N[ FKGGXG FKNNM NT ZPG[ KRKBG
F[GI\ OT ,YGPT [DZ OT ZVGM KRB ;\KNG\YF FKKSRMC
KZSGPF SKSCF BKFG ,\GYGPT KC \[Z[GPG FTGCJF \K\E
.OKKIF \BG ONGTF \B K\SKV\ N[
,SGJKYJ ,ZKVSYKK[ \B ZYKTC WKZTP KRB OKZVGSF QK+aP
,SIZGC ,QGSRCKJS ,NBERJS ,FKKDJRGP ,SGZPGF ,SGKNKDZKG
...SEKEKYG\ ,ZCGNV ,KGJSNGJ ,ZGGBFRVG[ ,FJRE ,SKVBGGBY
.QPH LZGBN BZGYG ZHGI KRB[ OKZVGSF OF OKZIBG FNB

90 QGYKNF / 16
 NBZ[K | SBKNB KCB
C` F@X oK']D^a QP+r@ rKB]^G OKF̀]N<B

,FZ@s
@ Q#b E#K^N QfI@p]mF# xZ&E&^a
d@N Z+o#SP ^e Bv@^C#S Nr & dE@@K^a HI
+fB K\]K]KF@
Qt
+ #TP^e C` F@X oK']D^a #T+Sfmr& QP +t
@ F# rKB]F@r &
.OKF̀]N<
B BeF ,JfY^SB& \fKZ^#DK]S
Uh +]kr& OK]kI A^jF# ZP&&pF# Kc+P
#^a ZJ+ftF# O#b
K\]fB #T+R^Mr] B̀N ,\Z&l &ARP
^ Z&S^Yfa \#a^N#j
.F@NT^P #^N Cr + fK OKF̀]N< Br
& ,OK]kP] \fiZ]@jAS^a
.F\@P
+ Bl @B]r& ZP #B@^G \&Nc&#a Y#Vc@ eFr& Kl
]r& E#T
SBKNB KCB
-N\C NBZ[K-\PZ FYGXPF \RGM[C NEDG 1955-C ENGR
BXK KEGSKF ZVSF \KCC OKEGPKN OKN[F[ KZIB .CKCB
TGXYP \B "QE" LSGPC EPN OKKZFXF ZIBG ,EGCTN
LNFPCG ,[GPKIF NKICG OKF NKIC \ZK[ .\GBRGMPF
.FZK[ CG\MN NIFG \ZXGK FPZE EPN KBCXF G\GZK[
OGNIF EGYEGY ,(1988 EYT) OKNCGZJXB :GKZVSP
WGCKYF) [KCMTF ZGHKIG BSKM ,(EIGBPF WGCKYF)
QPBF OT { CGFX VK'DC QP[ [KBG OKFGNB G ,(EIGBPF
.(EIGBPF WGCKYF) QP[KEY F[RP
OKR[C "ZCE" QG\KTC K\GZVS ZYCPM [PK[ SBKNB
-1995 OKR[C "OKKRHBP" \TF C\MCG 1994-1993
\GZKYIF URTC YST FR[ OK[GN[ L[PC .1996
ZGZE \\GPT N"MHPM QFKM USGRCG ,FRKEPF \GZK[C
NTCG C\M BGF OGKM .OKZKSBF CZYC \GKGRPBF OGEKYN
C\MG ,"\GRGZIB \GTKEK" N[ "SGNV KBRV" QG\KTC ZGJ
[P[P SBKNB USGRC ."JSGV NBZ[K" QG\KTC \GCZ\
QGBNKD QNKB M"I N[ OKKNBKXGS OKRKKRTN K[KB ZHGTM OD
.\PGSZV KJZSC YI[PG ,X"ZP \TKSP

17 / OKZK[FG OKZZG[PF { ZT[


,\KZCTF FJKSZCKRGBC FKVGSGNKVG \KZCT \GZVS EPN
CKCB-N\ \JKSZCKRGBC \K\BGG[F \GZVSG FKVGSGNKVG
QGMPCG QGMK\ ZVS \KCC \GZVSN FZGPM EPKN .QGCZGSCG
.OKZGP \Z[MFN OZM
HZKNB NBZ[K
NIF HZKNB .WZBC K[KPI ZGE ,OKN[GZKC 1936-C ENGR
F[GN[ OSZVG ,ZVGSM OK[K[F \GR[C G\CK\M \B
GK\GHIPP FZ[T .OKZXY OKZGVKS KXCGY KR[G OKRPGZ
NJ USGK OT C\M[ \GKZCKNFG ,ONGTCG WZBC GNTGF
-GKRG QGERGN ,QMRKP ,DZGCPFC ZB[F QKC GTXGC FZVGBN
-N\C 1998-C F\NTGF ,"USGK" ,QFC[ FRGZIBF .YZGK
.CKCB
OSZV\F ,(1980) OIN \KC LZE ,QG[BZF GKZK[ ZVS
OKZ[T OSZV HBP .OKFZCKB BK\P 'DZG'D JTF-O[ \I\
,(1997 QGYKNF) \KJB] [B OFKRKC ,FZK[ KZVS F[GN[G
{ OKVGIE OKZCE G (2009 FZK[N C[Y) FPGEB \NE
QKKJ[ZGC ZGZE \MKZTC 2010=1980 OKZK[ ZICP
GPDZG\ GKZVSP OKCZ .(2010 EIGBPF WGCKYF)
[BZ SZV OFKRKC ,OKCZ OKSZVC G\GB GMKHG \K\VZXN
O"GYB KSZV FPM ,FZK[N QPZ\NB Q\R SZV ,FN[PPF
.2008 FZK[N YKNBKC SZVG
90 QGYKNF / 18
 NBZ[K | HZKNB NBZ[K
&
KPBN

QI
@^Nt
AF# N#Tr
& I
#eov
#F# NB& OY@ OE@B
@
fP^X#T \B
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#TE+fK^G FZ@v
@^SF # fHK B
+ x fv N B
&
(F@TKE]^K fH O@RP
^B@ OB
])

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# B@a

eeF
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FP# \BZ#^Y]N OKr]@bZ^P

A Kv ]^N]a
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@r& K]V^j EfT F&KF^]K B̀kt&

:F@m&RKB
+r& KP
] \B
& NB
+fr BeF^G
Kv
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@ F@R @o Q @M K F
+

19 / OKZK[FG OKZZG[PF { ZT[

 SB QGZ[
FEPKNG FEPN .FZGPG \KBSP ,\ZZG[P ,1966 \EKNK
\NTCG ,CKCB-N\ \JKSZCKRGBC OKKSBNY OKEGPKNN DGIC
FXZP OGKM .\G\EF KEGPKNN \KRMG\C .B.P ZBG\
\GZVSN FXZPM \DNEPG OKN[GZKC OZM QGMPC \GZVSN
.\GRG[F \GBJKSZCKRGBF QKC FCK\M \GKRMG\C FIRPG
.CDRC QGKZGD-QC \JKSZCKRGBC 2011-C \IZGB \ZZG[P
ZHF ,(1997 D\/QGYKNF) FPNTR ZFF OB+ :FKZVSP
KRK\R ,(2001 ,EIGBPF WGCKYF ,SGP\KZ) NGI \[BG
FKZK[ ZVS .(2006 ,EIGBPF WGCKYF ,SGP\KZ) [P[F
FR[C YKNBKC ESGPC ZGB \GBZN EK\T OKNCIG \GPNGS
\DNPCG ,2002 FN[PPF [BZ SZVC F\MH .FBCF
NBZ[K-FYKZPB KZ[YN QZYF OTJP OKZXGKN JKKZCNGV
,\KCZT ,\KNDRB { \GV[ FPMN GPDZG\ FKZK[ .2005
{ \KERNGFG \KRCGNS ,\K\VZX ,\KRPZD ,\KRGEYP
.ONGTCG WZBC \T KC\MC OKPSZV\PG

90 QGYKNF / 20
 NBZ[K | SB QGZ[
ZI#r# KZ+Tzr#^a N+kI#P^F#

\fJer^o \fc^CAT I #+RTz#V^N \faZ# OK]Rr @

\I##R^H]R FY&KE]KZ]^eB& Fl @@N ?Q@XK+N^N YeY@H x&Nl &F# #TecP #
U@SfR O@NeB KeXP @ ,#T+GfbF #-D@ic#F#-x&Nl &F#-O#NeB KZ+fIB zP+ ?U#S N#T
OK]N@DTzP# \E&E&fR Kv ]^Cr#I ^P# ?ZE&I &#a OK]S@R^M]R OKZ]E@I z Fl @#j { x&Nl &F# Nr & #T+Gfb CB @^N
QfZ@j]H ZK]C^X \K]pF #^N { NK]VfZfN^M Nr & Fl @Ab { K]RB z@a I\ #&o B` XP ^]N
ZeZI ^r ] Nr & T\ #&o QfFP ^v] \#NF >@X ,BZ+fY-ZfB Nh +F &^N
O@NfTF @ \fE^Nf\^a Cv #^M]R K]ml
&P] FP @ Z#Cc^ ,F+mF ] ,F+mF]
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& ^j KBP # fB NKZ]^oB #^a K#NeB Or @ KB + .\P &< BF
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+ Kv]^R#MZ@r @F +^aF #P+e YZ@@aF #P
+ dP @^X#T OB +F@ NKc]^Cv # OB ]^G .NKc]^CF #^N
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21 / OKZK[FG OKZZG[PF { ZT[

 JZPGNC \GZ
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C\M \B FNGNKD FZGCE 'VGZV OT FMZTG ,ZGD NBZ[K
."FPC" \TF

90 QGYKNF / 22
 NBZ[K | JZPGNC \GZ
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23 / OKZK[FG OKZZG[PF { ZT[


Q"BV \EGDB N[ [EIF JPZGVF \B FESKK 1989 \R[C
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Premio SZVG (2002 FKRCGNS) FXKR&NKG N[ KPGBNRKCF
.(2004) Internazionale Camaiore
90 QGYKNF / 24
 F K R P G Z | F R B K E^R #N a F R B
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25 / OKZK[FG OKZZG[PF { ZT[


QVJ[ FNBKZCD :\KRPGZP
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,OKENK KEK NT F[TR[ ZGKX N[ OSYF GPM ,\K\PMS JTPM
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F Z K [ F N T / F R B K E^R #N a F R B
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OKR[F OKTCZB LG\P QPH FPMN NCB .FZK[ N[ OKR[ OKTCZB
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FPM .OKYZCF \B YZ ZGVSN OKMKZX BN KBEG KM ?OK[EGI
N[ \GPM GHKB ?FZK[ N[ OKR[ OKTCZB NGNMN OKNGMK OKYZC
?NGCSN OKNGMK OKKIF FZK[
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ZGYP OT FNIPF" NT NMF \B ZPGB[ \GZGJZVPJ UEM
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OKB\C OKVNI\PG OK\P OKKGRC GRB OFP[ OKB\F[ OKZPGB
;OKZIB KZPDN GRIRB OKR[ TC[ NM[G ,FKKR[ NM ,OKZIB
OKZMGP BN Z\GK KN OKBZR ZCTC KN[ OKKIF N[ FNBM OKZYP
\BHF FTVG\F ,NCB .ZCGNV GB KYSCKGJSGEP FRKXS Z[BP
OEGY \GCZ OKR[ OKC\MR OKZK[ :LVFN .FZK[C \PKKY FRKB
Z\GK OF ;CG[G CG[ OKJJGXP ,CG[G CG[ OKBZYR HBPG ,QMN
OKZK[ ,ZGBN BXK[ [EI KMF ZVSF LG\P OKZK[ Z[BP KN[
LZE BN KN[N OKMVGF OKZK[F .FV-NTC K\EPN BN EGT Z[B
BN[ GHP FPKSYP Z\GK FIMGF GHKB .FBKZY LZE BNB FCK\M
LZEF \B \NNGS YZ KRB[ ;KN[ OKZK[F N[ \ZCIPF KRB
F[DZFF KN [K EKP\ ?FHF ONGTN OKTKDP OF FRPP[
KNC ,KMZE C\GM ZIB GF[KP BNB ,\C\GM KRB BN[ FMKCPF
BN[ YZ BN ,ZHGP QVGBC ,KRBG .ZCGEP FP NT KN EKDFN
GNKBM ,\GMNPF ZXIP \ZCD GPM FBD BNB \CNTR F[KDZP
.LNPF QC N[ GPB K\KKF
90 QGYKNF / 26
 NBZ[K | [BZF QC HKBGP
OKP]IzZ# B+NP@ NB+

ZY@@iF# Tc@l
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Q+M@N^G OD C\GM [BZF QC .(\GNCGR ,BCF ZVSFG ,OKRKTZD
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# eRB@ OKZVS OSZVG ,\KNDRBCG ,GPB \V[ BKF[ ,\KEZVSC
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OKr]@RBz K+V^NB# GRKJSE \BXGF) GKEK NT FC\MR[ \KEZVS FSZKDC
eRK+N@TP+ y^oB# QfZI z EZ+fF B@mB@ FZNYSB ;Amor Yexilios) \GNDG FCFB QPGZFG (2008
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27 / OKZK[FG OKZZG[PF { ZT[

 QGBZC KNTJR
\ZXGKG FHGZVG FZK[ \C\GM ,1978 \EKNK ,QGBZC KNTJR
OKZK[F ZVS \B FPSZV .OKK\NKNTG OKKEGTK\ OKJZS
SZVC F\MH QGBZC .(2006 \KC \HGIB) OG[RNG DGZFN
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QZYGF ,SRGB \GTDVR TCZB ET\PF ,"FHGVZGP\@ P+" FJZS
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.Word Express

90 QGYKNF / 28
 NBZ[K | QGBZC KNTJR
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29 / OKZK[FG OKZZG[PF { ZT[


,\KNDRBG \K\VZX ,\KSGZP FHGZVG FZK[ \KZCTN FPDZ\
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\GGPG FRY]H ,USM NT { ZRKG FKNGK N[ \GPBGV TCZB
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OKZVS F[K[ FPSZV \ZYGIM F\EGCT \ZDSPC
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USGK-ZC NJGPI
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ZBG\ KEGPKN FPKN[F .FBG[C GVSR O\IV[P KRC CGZ[
\GZVSN FZGPM FECT ,\KZCTF FJKSZCKRGBC QG[BZ
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FKZK[ ZICP { \eG\[F] .(2004 EIGBPF WGCKYF)
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FTCZBCG \T KC\MC \GV[ FRGP[C GPSZGV FKZK[
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F\ZK[ NT .\KCZTCG \KZDRGFC ,(2008 ,YZGK-GKR ,Morning
SZV ,(1987) O"GYB SZV OFKRKC ,OKCZ OKSZVC F\MH
.(2005) ZRZC SZVG (2002) BK[RF
90 QGYKNF / 30
 NBZ[K | USGK-ZC NJGPI
K]YTz^X]v

\I #B# Fs @ ^C]j ,K]YTz^Xv

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31 / OKZK[FG OKZZG[PF { ZT[


\EGDB Z"GKM ,"OKKRHBP" \TF C\M LZGTM QFKM BR\ZC
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HMZPC NBZ[K \[ZGPN FYNIPF [BZM QFKMG ,FVKI
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BR\ZC QGKXZGB
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QNKB NMN :GKZVS QKC .ZYIP KZVSG \ZGYKC KZVS ,\GNCGR
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,GKCB \ZK[P LZT[ ZICP TKVGF FRGZIBNG ,KMEZP .C
.(2008 NPZM) KEGFKM FRGTG OEBM NBG[
,\GV[ OK[GN[MC GPSZGVG GPDZG\ GKZYIPG GK\GZKXK
,\K\VZXC ,\KNDRBC ,\KSGZC GPSZGV GN[ OKZVSG
\K\GZVSF G\EGCT NTG G\ZKXK NT .\KRKHGZDCG \KEC[C
SZV ,FN[PPF [BZ SZV ,ZRZC SZVC ZB[F QKC FMH
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90 QGYKNF / 32
 NBZ[K | BR\ZC QGKXZGB
FE@Y+TzF@ Nr& Zeo]nF#

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33 / OKZK[FG OKZZG[PF { ZT[


GC ,FKNXZFC OKRPBF QM[P \B FPKYFG FPHK 1994-C
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KEGPKN \ZDGC ,\GRPB \ZXGBG \ZZG[P ,1943 \EKNK
QGJN'X FNGR N[ QGZJBK\ \RESG ,FKVGSGNKV ,\GZVS
WGCKYF) YIZP WZBP \GTGP[ FKZVS QKC .KKZV ZJKVG
QGNGI SZVC F\MH GKNT[ ,[BF \ZGX ,(1972 EIGBPF
WGCKYF \BXGFC BGF OD ,FVGXF NX FRGZIBNG ,FZK[N
.FP-PK[R ,KRG[N-GEF WCGYF \B FBKXGF QM .EIGBPF
,FN[PPF [BZ SZVCG QGNGI SZVC F\MH F\ZK[ NT
GBZ QM .\KEZVSNG \K\VZXN ,\KNDRBN GPDZG\ FKZK[G
,\KNDRBCG \KZCTC FZK[N \GKDGNG\RBC FKZK[ ZGB
(KCGJ \BXGF) FCFB KZK[N FKDGNG\RBC FRGZIBNG
.F\MKZTN FV\G[ OD F\KF ZSGRD[
\EGDB N"MHPM OKR[ Z[TM L[PC FRFKM 1985 \R[P
,NBZ[KC KPGBNRKCF Q"BV HMZPG OKKZCTF OKZVGSF
N[ Q\PYF \B ZB[F QKC FPHK FH FEKYV\ \ZDSPCG
.OKZVGSN FZKXKN IGZKB \GZKE
90 QGYKNF / 34
 NBZ[K | ZSGRD FEZG
\fPKr]^R QP#fK

F@KeHFz F@Rr + QK+Ce N&M` B QK+a OfK OKT]@aZ^B #

{ \r &I &fN OKZ]@aATF @ \Z#Kr] \B & eRT^P #r@
,yK&iI
# QeMKZ]Tz#K Q#TP#^N yl &B] \B &^G yK]CB
@ \B & E+a#j
OfYP @ yP ^^X#T^a Fs + Tz \fT@a^XB& Zs & &T^a
,CfJ B@XP ^ ,OKF̀ ]N<B&N KeR@o N@NI @
,y K \
&fNK+N QeMKZ]Bz#K Q#TP
#^N
OK]aZ# O]KP # \fPfYP ^]N \&M&N@N OF &@N Qv+
,F@CFzB#F @ \B & OK]S^M#RP^ B̀kr &
yK&R@o N#T I#mF # F@kY# F@MKP ]s
^ fP^j ,Or @ ^G
.\K]R@M^KI
#^G Fl@v# F@N^D&T Nr & CF @@H \#M+nP#

35 / OKZK[FG OKZZG[PF { ZT[

 NBZ[K | QPZCGND NTK
OI&&kF# KZ+eZ+o NK]Cr^

v^B#r& OK]Rr @ Z@C^j

\]K#aF# QfZ^M]H NB& \]K#aF# QP ] \I #Z#fa
.NK]Cr^ NB& QfZc^^Sl ]P] \Y&P & fI
x]K\#frBzZ#P ^]N N+X x@N r+K
QI
@^Nt A F# N#T N+X^G
OKF]+j \fI@o OK]N@N^X]a fa J` ZI z#N
.x@kr& OK]RP @K]nF# \B &
OKZ]eZ+o \Z&&g#VP ^ v^B# EKP ]v@
,ZeCt @ F# OI &&kF# QP] QPZCGND NTK
KE+^j fKc^F# K+NeN^SP # \B& F@G\ ^P#
B` XP ERNGFCG OKN[GZKC OKK\R[ ZIBNG ,CKCB-N\C FENGR
^]N^G \&Nc& I#` v^V]N
TGRNGY FEPN .FC ZZGD\FN FC[ ,\KZCF \GXZBC ZG[TG
Nr& F@K&R@o N#T \Z&I &B# \r & Z&B
z
KPEYB KKZVC NGSKVG ZGKXG ,CKCB-N\ \JKSZCKRGBC
.F@K^XZ^fofZ^o N@jP ] \&DZ&fIF# OB +F@
\GBRES FIRPG "QGYKNF" \TF C\MC \MZGT .DBFC[
Q@kAj x@kr & OK]kl ]F# .OKRZGB \NNMPCG FVKI \JKSZCKRGBC FZK[ \CK\MN
.BeFF# F&G@Hl ^F# QP] eB@a \T KC\MC OKPSZV\PG \GV[ T[\N GPDZG\ FKZK[
.Q\@fB \&C&Rfb v^B# ,F@K&N@T \Z&&aE#P ^ B̀N v^B# OB ] \B TRTRP QPGZF :FKZVS .ONGTCG WZBC \GKDGNG\RBCG
FI@KZ]^aF# NeN^SP # F@KF@ C` v^M]N O#T#o (2000 QGYKNF) KCKNB FZK[F KZVSG (1996 \ZRM) WTF
.F\@^K#aF# FZ@@HIzF# NeN^SP # BeF Gr @ ^M#T ,FP[RF \GENG\ .(2007 QGYKNF) OKKPTV ZFRF G\GB G
BGF UB ZGB FBZ ,FPGDZ\C ZERVS QCKJS KPGDZ\ WCGY
FZK[F KPDZ\PC OKJNGCF QP BKF QPZCGND .GH FR[C
FPKN[P BKF FNB OKPKC .NBZ[KC \KSYSGNDRBF
\BXGFC ZGB \GBZN EPGTF ,QGJSYS QB KZK[P ZICP
.F.G KZK[P ZICP OSZV\K QMP ZIBNG ,FZK[N C[Y
O"GYB SZVC ZB[F QKC F\MH F\ZK[ NT .FPGDZ\C QEGB
\DNPCG 2002 FZK[N SKVF NTVP SZVC ,2000 \R[N
.2008 \R[N JKKZCNGV

90 QGYKNF / 36

NFKRG ,\GKDGNG\RBG FZK[N \T KC\M FPM LZT fJKZa FE&
BK[RM QFMP BGF .FZK[F OGI\C OKEIB OKNCKJSV
\EGDBN WTGKMG ,NDGJZGVC Q"BV N[ \KNNMF FVKSBF
ZKZD['M FReP USGRC .GKYGJC FSKSC[ \KPNGTF GYKKFF
LKSRF ZESP \GB \B NCKYG O"GBF OTJP 'KPNGT OGN[
{ FMH OFC[ OKSZVF QKC .NDGJZGV BK[R KEKP FY&KZRB&
\IGZBG FEGB FVGSBF ZGCT Viareggio Versilia SZV
ZBES& ENGVGBKN ["T KPGBNRKCF FZK[F SZV ;CZT
ZVSN KVGZKBF SZVF ;(2002) G\ZK[ NGNMP NT ZfFDRS&
NT) 2004-C FKNJKBC ZGB FBZ[ Z\GKC CGJF FZK[F
.OKZIB OKCZG (FKRCNB) POETECA SZV ;(\GNKVRF ZVS
37 / OKZK[FG OKZZG[PF { ZT[
f J K Z a F E& f Z K P K H Y
ECT .1938 \R[C NDGJZGVC FC&ZBDNB NCIC ENGR
ENKVJSG&G 'DNGYN GMZE \B BXP[ ET \GEGCT FPMC
OGKM .\KSBNYF \KRVKF FZK[F \B FNKD O[ ,QGERGNC
BGF O[P ,QGCSKNC ZZGD\PG KTGXYP QVGBC C\GM BGF
.\GRPEHF NMC ONGTC OKNGKJN BXGK
,1953 \R[C \GCZ\F OGI\C GMZE \B NIF fJKZa FE&
,FHGZV ,FZK[ N[ OKMZM F[K[G OK[KPI OSZV HBPG
,FZK[ KCZT ZGVSRKBC CZGTP FKF BGF .OKZPBPG OKN[P
\GESGPC ,OKNTVPC ,ZVS K\CC \GBXZFG OKPGZGV
U\\[FG ,FN FXGIPG NDGJZGVC \GBJKSZCKRGBCG \GCZ\
GNNMR GK\GZKXK .ONGTF KCIZC OKCZ OKSGRKMCG OKNCKJSVC
.\GV[ 27-N GPDZG\G \GKDGNG\RB 190-P Z\GKC
90 QGYKNF / 38
 N D G J Z G V | f J K Z a F E& f Z K P K H Y
ZGB ZKPB ,QZea SKBGN :\KNDGJZGVP

170 ,OK]G@\^nF# Z&V+S

Z@Cc@ Oer Gr @ ^M#T ,GK@iI

#^a FB @^NF@ x+kF #\ ^P
] OE@B @
K#N@T \&N&VfR ZK]GBzF@ Q&CB& .O@iY# fRKB+ NY@r
^l ]F # K eer
] N#T \eZKF ]^H]a ZP +fr
,Kv]T^#DZ@r& K]RBz eF&H Bl @r & fB T\
#&V^Ne ,fa]N Nr &
,KE#KE]^K ,CB+fj F&H ?F@K&N@T N+Vfmr & FP @r@^mF
# ,C B +fj F&H .N+VfR
FP@r @^R F@mAMP^F# CB+^gF# \r & B+ \fP@XTzF @ ,F@CKB ]^MP#
{ F@CKB]^MP# OE@B @ .\fI@o
Bl@r & fB .Zr @ K]RBz .\Z&v&#GP
^ B̀N Q]K#K Yea^Y#a ,NfM@K BeFr & OfYl @#a C+Mfr
ZKr] B@ ?F@C@C^K \B` H Z#j N#T C+Mfr { Z+HfT
ZKr] ,Z\+fK^G Z\+fK Y` P@T ZK]GBzF @ \fTfZ^H]a fB rY# Nr &
N eN I
@ fVebP] YI +Z^F# UI @^S]R^G
F+mF]^G F\@^K#aF# Ct @r
& KP ] Nr& I@R ,Qr+@K^G ,U+K@TF
&
.\]K#a Oer QKB+ ,FP @r@^mF# N@CB z { N` jF # \fZP ^#N
F@MKr
]P^P # BKF ] ,N@Nfr \&M&NfF B̀N FP @r@^mF
# ,K \
#faZ#
OE@B @ .C K B
]^MF
#^Ne CKB ]^MF #^N
F@Rt+F
# KP +^a N+b^N#b\
+ KP ^P ]
F
@Kq&P#TzP #^a OK]qP ATz@N #TK]bP
# Ufn#C^Ne
xerI @ .OB +F@ Nr &
Bs+ fR BeF OK]R^V]a { Or @
fRKB+ Z@C^j BeF^G ,O@NfTF @ QfK^S]R \B &
B+XfP K]RKB + Z@C^j ,F@KF @t& FP #
F@G^Nt
#F # \B &
{ QK P]^HP # F@N^K#N Or @ F@KF @r& ^j ,HB@P+

39 / OKZK[FG OKZZG[PF { ZT[

 F Z K [ F N T / f J K Z a F E& f Z K P K H Y

FZK[C OKRG[BZF KE#TX

'DNGYC WKY KSZGY FPM EGPNN ,QGERGNN K\TSR OKZ[T NKDC F\KF GH .KCS \KCC ,K\GENKC EGBP OEYGP KNB FBC FZK[F
ZGSVGZVN QM KRVN LKK\[F[ ,KN[ FRK[F ZEIC ,O[ .ENKVJS&e ,OKZHG OKKPGYP OKXT KRKP NM FC[ ,OKKI KNTC N[ FGGI QKP
FZK[ N[ FBNVRG FRJY FKKZVS K\BXP ,IZHPF \GCZ\N OKBNVR OKZGXK QGPFG ,QKP NMP ECNC OKKR[ GB EIB OKPTVN
OT [DVPC FNGVMG \KPGB\V \GNT\F K\[I .\KRVKG \KRKS ,OKKZJSKF OKRV[G \GNGDRZ\ ,OKZGPIG OKSGS { OKK\GEKEKG
F\KF \KSBNYF \KRKSF FZGXF .KRKSF e'DB&e'DFG KRVKF GYKKFF OKDE ,\GEYKXG OKZXZX ,OKHT] ,OKZGCE ,\GKRNCS \GZV
[BDKJRBYF N[ \KNDGJZGV-\KSKN@DF FZGXN FP \EKPC FPGE FH FKF .\KIXR \IB TEZVXG ZKY-\GBJN ,OKRGK ,OKKRGDSS
\B NMP Z\GK \KXF[ FP QMNG ,13-F FBPFP eDKPB@ FE& K\KPB QET QD ,("CGFB OGYP" :\KRKJN) SGRBGPB SeYGN QKTP
KPNGT \B FEKTZF[ ,\KRVKF GYKKFF \ZK[ FKF K\YG[\ \[GI\ \B ZP[P[ KP NM GB ,ENK NM ZGCT \GPEB KNT
LZECM [GINN OKZI\PF \ZSI F\NGMKC ZKFC OGKC OTZM .FKF[ ENKF N[ FBKNVF
G\CZKYN TDGRC OEBF N[ Z\GKC \GYGPTF \G[GI\F \B EGS CKCSP FIV[PF NM \B KCS WCKY ,FZGEPF EKN ,CZT KEP
FYKJ\SBC (LM NM \GCZ OKPTV GIM[R[ \G[GI\) TCJN NM" .GPGK \KXP\ \B OKZIBN ZVSN JC[C ZCI NMP [YKCG
\GND\FF GH F\KF .HGMKZG \GRNCS ,FKRGZKB NT \SSGCPF EIB NM LG\C OKPGND" ,KCS ZPB ",OMN[ ONGTF NMG OMKKI
OKPZGDN FKKR[F K\VK[I ,KRKTN FZK[F KZG\SP N[ FKKR[F ".OMMZE \B GBXP] .OMPXT GKF QMN .GKI\[ OKPKFP
.[PP N[ [EIP-FEKN .KN[ \PBF N[ ,OKKIF N[ OKKEGSKF ZVKS ZI+B ,OKZVSPN GPGK \B OXP]X KEGE KRCP EIB
N[ FYKHGPN KEKP\ QKHBP ,KRBG ,F[T[ FP NM JGZJGZVC
K\
]K]XI
@r& KZ+I
zB# ,OKTCGZPC OKZEGSP ,ZK[ KZGJN KPK \B K\MVF ,ONGTF
!Z@a^M#T { Z@aE^l]F
# \B
& LZE FZK[F KNB FBC LM .KN[ \KNYKHGPF FTKP[F \GMHC
K]RB
z O#b ?Zr @ BeF BGZYN K\EPN[ KRVN FCZF ,FV-NTC FBKZYF \ZGSP
.CG\MNG
&
C\MR[ ,QG[BZF KZVS \B K\BXGF[M FZ+s&T-QC YZ K\KKF
,QPJKGG ODG ,O[ BXPR ZNEGC :\KCZTPF FZK[F \ZGSPC
!Z#oZ^#o ,IZ#^a
CZYC CZ OGIC ZVSF NCY\F FRG[P IZGBC .ONGMG ,FB@fS&oG
,OKB
]@a OKr ]@RBz
NCY\FN { FRFP FKGGI GH F\KF FNKI\ .OKKP[ZF OKZYCPF
OF
&K\ +fB^C]X
K\[DZF LM ZIB OKJTP OK[EGI NCB { 18 NKDC ZZG[PM
ZKTX ZZG[P[" ,K\C[I ",\GKFN NGMK BN" .QGSB [PP FH[
:\KNDGJZGVP GYKKFF KZK[ OGDZ\ LZE BGXPN KNT[ K\TEK .BZGR FKF FH ".GHM FZGXC NCY\K
ZGB ZKPB ,KNZ'\BF FRB ?GHKB NCB .\ZIB

90 QGYKNF / 40

FCZF F\B FZK[F KZVS OKRPR OKRGZIBF GKZVS OT
(2000 ,La Passe du Vent) LECN GN QKPBFN KEMP
QGSMNBF \GSPF WCGYG ,(2002 ,Lanore) OKNKNIE G
.(2002 ,La Passe du Vent) OKZZG[PF N[
41 / OKZK[FG OKZZG[PF { ZT[
H e N E& Y Z P
IZGMC NKKJPG ZZG[P'M GPXT \B ZKEDP ,HKZVC ENGR
OKNKPF \KCP \GRGZMH FKF QG[BZF GKZK[ ZVS .'\GCKSRF
ZGB GBZ GKZIBG ,(QfDBZB@ KBGN \BP FPEYF OT ,1971)
.OKVSGR F[GN[
EKYV\ \B YI[N' HeNE& CZKS \GRG[BZF GK\GINXF KZIB
OKZ[T JTPM L[PC ZCE OSZV BN QMNG ,'ZZG[PF
KGJKC KMZE \RKICN GRPH \B [KEYF \BH OGYPCG ,FR[
{ OKKRZEGPF OKKRGZKTF OKKIN \GPKB\PF \GKJBGV
.FBNF QMG FYKHGPG FZK[ QKC CGNK[ ,CGIZ KTVGP
FXGCY ,'FZK[N OGZGVF' \B HeNE& ESKK 1982 \R[C
KCZT ,NGY \GMGZT\ ,OKNCKJSV ,OKTGZKB \RDZBPF
NCKJSV (JZBPRfP) HKZVC ESKK 2000-C .EGTG FBKZY
,OKREYZ ,OKBYKHGP ,OKRYI[ ,OKZZG[P QKPHF GKNB[
BGF USGRC .EGTG GBKEKG KRPB ,OKZKKX ,\GNFYP ,OKZPH
OKF \GNGY' FZK[F NCKJSVN K\GZVS WTGKM QFMP
.CE&fN FZKKTC 'QGMK\F
90 QGYKNF / 42
43 / OKZK[FG OKZZG[PF { ZT[
 \ V Z X | H e N E& Y Z P
QPZCGND NTK ,HGNE YZP :\K\VZXP

eE^iB#^\F]r& OK]kl]F# Z#aE^P]

,C r
+ fK BeF
Or
+ fN QKB+
:J#TP
^]j fB .O@iY# BeF ,Q@Cel#j
Oei]qF
# U#S N#T BeF
.Oei]qF
# Nr
& OE+fqF # eF+XY@^a Cr+ fK BeF

,OKr
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zF
@ Nr
& ^G F@ReKc^F
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& OK]i]RfXKI
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# O& +fNeC^b N#T B@XP
FK\ ^]R BeF
,\eRY@KZ+ \r&&Dfo Q]K#TF@
.d@kr
& dZ@el]Y^a

,F@KF + Y&V` BF
@ B̀N O@NfTP @ ekB ]^j O@iY# BeF f\eZZ^fT\^F] \#iP
]eE^a
.fa JK]aF#^N EP+fN BeFr & J@aP# BeF N@NI @F&
.O r
+ fN Qv+]K Z@aE^l
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eR\@fB OK]C\^fjr& OKZ]@V^nF
# fP^j ,fZfT \#RJ^]a N#T f\fB F@TK]aJ ^l
#F# F@kP
] BeF Z@aE^l ]F#
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+ \&V&NfIF
# xZ&c&F
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# J^N#V^SB
#F # QfZ@j]gF
@ N#T ,NfE@bF # Nr& foE#^a

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.fZ^C&T^N Oc+Y#\
^P]e U+kI#\ ^P
] QP #^gF#
.Z\
+fK^a YfIZ@F
@ UfS^RKB+F@P+ GK@NB
+ r@b]R Oei]qF#
+ ZfT fP^j \fReKc^F
F@K&R@o N#T \P # \fD^S]oP
] NfI \fTeXZ^ UJ +fI BeF fjZ^E#^a
F@CF
zB# fP^j ,rP &t
&F# Nr &
CB+^j fB
.\fC@Mr
^ ]a eZc^Anr
& OK]VebP] UfNIz-\fR^a \fZ@CF z K+SK]SZ^ UJ + fI

90 QGYKNF / 44
 F Z K [ F N T / H e N E& Y Z P
FZK[G OKZZG[P
\sZVRF FYE FNTZ ,OKZGI-\VGVX \RRSP KNGB BKF 'FZK[' .Z@Cc@ ZP
+fB B̀N BeF
\GBKXPFP JNPKFN LZE ,OK[GIF QKCN \GBKXPF QKC FMGCPC
FEKPCG \GRINSC \NCGS FZCIF[ 'FZ\K FP[R' ,GHF
.N@bA
SP + BeF ,C` \^j
^ fRK B
,OKZZG[PF GC[ ZIB ONGTN \GET ,\GB[R\F N[ \PKGSP
,\GRCNF OFKEK GPC GZV\[ OKZGFJ OKMKZM\C OKVGJT
OFKZK[ N[ OKKGCMF OKEKVNC OKPIZ ZZGTP IZGBC OKVVGRP Zl
+r# ^N C@iI
# BeF ,Oei]qF# U#S N#T
\GZCY K\C GPM \GBZR KEP \GCZ \GKDGNG\RB :OKPGPEF Z\+fK^a Fq@P
ATzF
@ f\er+K \B &
O\GGBDC OKKGGZ ,\GZKFKC OFC OKPBGR OKKIF-OK\PF[ .\BZ#^Y]N F@RfM^R
.\PNKBF
EYV\N FKG[T { OTVF \GBMZP KNC { FZK[ ,KR[ EXP
OKZY[ ,\GKN[B N[ O\SKZDNG \GBKXPF IG\KVN QGRDRPM .fN I#K]R@R ,x@j Cr
+ fK
{ FXPGIC GPM FV[C [P\[\ OB ,OKZIB \GTP[P-K\GGKTG eRI
^#RB
z
NCB ,\RMGSPG F[Y FPK[PF .FPGEPC TGDVN KNC NCB .QB@j eRI^#RB
z
NIGH BYGGE KNGB GB) WZ QPHF[M ,GRKPKC EIGKPC FXGIR
\CK\MN F[CGMN QKB[ FYG[\ OK[I[ KP .(\GKPGPZTC
,"OKPGXT OKK[Y"C \GTKCYC NY\KFN LM OB OKCKKI FZK[
.(JZFRZC SBPG\) "O[ GZB[KKG LZEF EXC GNVK" \ZIB
JCPC ,NMF CG\MN F[K\PG \KNER K\NC \e[BGR F\GB \GMHC
ZZGTP[ FP \B \ZZGTP FZK[ ,OMZEG OKZCEF KRV NT ZCGTF
\BG JZGVPF \B ,QKETF \BG OKNB#F \B :GRNGM \BG F\GB
,ZGGRSPF \BG NVBF \B ,UJNPF \BG EZDPF \B ,KNNMF
KJGJFNN ZEZEKFN KNC .ECNC [IGRPF \BG FBZRF \B
KRCB GPM OKKGPKEG OKNKP FNKJP BKF ,OKKIJ[ OKRGZGPKSYGB
.ZTGS OK LG\N OKVfXP GPM ,FV[F N[ ZeaF FE[ LG\N LZE
[YKTF CKGBF" CGZ KV NT BGF[ ,'KJBGV'C YV\SFN OGYPC
OKCKKI ,(YKRf[P& KZRB QKKX[ KVM) "ZK[F N[ Z\GKC
'ZGVKS ZVSN' OFN[ YIGEF LZGXF \B ZGYIN OKZZG[PF
FV[F N[ OKYZVN-KZHMBFG OKYZVN-CFCFPF ZGBF \I\
\KZGVKS FZK[ \GGJN GNMGK LM ;FZKYIN O\GB \[P[PF
f[KP KZRB GB ZBZERS H&Na G[T[ KVM ,EIBM \KBZVG
,JfYNfG YZE OD ,FRGZIBN Z\GKG { (GN[ 'TSPF KZVS'C)
.G\ZKXK N[ KPKJRKB-LB-YIGZPF NGYC

45 / OKZK[FG OKZZG[PF { ZT[


\GCN[PF \GKJZV \GYVFC FTKVGPG \PHGK NYSE
{ "GMG\C" GPM ,OK[R QHMZPC \GEKPTPG \GZVSG QGZJBK\
FDXF { "FKZBGGCC \CMZ" ;(1985) \GZZG[P KZK[ CZT
\GRG[BZF QKC F\KF[ ,SYGV OKZP N[ OKJSYJ KV NT
.(1986 GMT NCKJSV) "KR[F ZGEF" \KKGGIC GYST[
.OKXGCKYF ZRKPSCG KCX \KCC FPCN ZGCKE \EPNP
NYSE KYKZ
{ FZK[ KZVS FTCZB FPSZV .1953 ,FVKI \EKNK
FGGIPN OKNIKKP ONGM ,(1986 FRYNB) ZGB N[ FTGXZ
KRJC N[ \GRGZMHF ZVS ,(1993 Q\KC) FCFB N[
WGCKYF) OKRo@F OIN G ,(2001 OKZVGSF \EGDBG HGP\)
FZK[N "U"NB" SZVC F\MH F\ZK[ NT .(2007 EIGBPF
.OKKZCTF OKZVGSF \EGDB OTJP
,CKCB-N\ \JKSZCKRGBC QGZJBK\ KEGPKN \ZDGC BKF NYSE
\GEFKC KR[ ZBG\ ,FVKI \JKSZCKRGBC LGRKIG \GZVS
FCK\M \GBRESN OKIRP \Z[MFN SZGYG ,ZJM[ QGMPC
QGZJBK\C FYIK[ 1983-1976 OKR[F QKC .Q"B\PC
.FPKCF QGZJBK\CG FVKI QGZJBK\C ,TC[ ZBC
90 QGYKNF / 46
 NBZ[K | NYSE KYKZ
ZfB@a O&\&j

KE]eF^K K]RB
zr& QY+@H F&KF
^B&r
& ZfIr @ K]RB
zr& Ft @B ] K]RB zr& \I ##Mfr K]RB z OKP ]@T^V]N
FZ@@b K]RB
zr&
K\
]fB FB @fZ^G
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90 QGYKNF / 48
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90 QGYKNF / 50
 QPSKG \KZGE
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90 QGYKNF / 56
 NBZ[K | FKZMH \RT
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90 QGYKNF / 60

,KEP FZJPF-ZSI ,KEP WGINF ,KEP F[YF { FHF ONGTC
LVF FGGFFG \GPKNBN \G[ZCG IGMC OKHIGB OKZIB GC[
NT GRKNDZ \GVM ,OKPGZKT OKMNGF GRB { FNGED FZGEPN
.OGYKF NB \CIZ\P GR\P[RG TYZYF
[K GRN ;\G[KEBFG \GRY\#F UGSRKB ,\GNGCDF ,OKYRCF OFN
KZCEM { NCB ,FCGZP FRDF \Yo#SP FRKB FZGBMN[ ,FZK[
OKEKIVP OF OB ."EK\TC QGTJ Y[R BKF" { F@KBN&S NBKZaD
[P\[RG ONGPDM OFN FRTR FCF ,FGGFF \GTXPBC GR\GB
.FPK[BP TCXB OFKVNM \GRVFN KEM EK\TC
61 / OKZK[FG OKZZG[PF { ZT[
F Z K [ F N T / Q f Z&H F R K N
O\ZK[G OKZZG[PF ,ONGTF
GKEZF ,FKHKGGNJF ,\GRG\KTF LZE ONGTF \B OKBGZ GRIRB[M
OGB\V FKDGNGRMJF[ OGXTF K[VGIF NNIF { JRZJRKBFG
.NMF \B FVKXP 'ZC[P' FNKPF { GRKRVC FI\V
OT .\GKRY \PK[Z ETG K\ZCI [DVPP ,ZCE NMC \CZGTP BKF
OKKI GRB ;ZC[P LG\C OKKI GRB[ ZPGN QGMR FH QKB ,\BH
BCXC OKNKKIM ,FH ZIB FHC GRKNT G[DZ\F[ ,OFP FPMC
ZC[PG KJKNGV ZC[P NT OKZCEP GRIRB .\GTZ-[ZGI
OKCKZYP GRB [EGI KEP[ KTKC[ KNMNM ZC[P NTG ,FDFRFC
.FIGGZF KCKXY\ \B { KRBDV GB KZMGR NB FKF GNKBM { GN
GRZ\GF[ HBP OKZG[T FTCZB GZCT :OKMZTF ZC[P GB
BN ,ZCT[ QPHF NM \GZPNG ,OKR[KF OKMZTF \B ZGIBP
NT GPM \GKIN OKNDZ\P GRIRB ;OK[EI ZGXKN QKKET GRNM[F
KM FPER[ WTF-NGCN GEK \B ING[ EIB NM ,FKKRGB-ZC[
QKKET GREPN BN :ZC[PC \EG K\E ZC[P .FZTSF KNDC EGZ[K
OKICJR QKKET T[VP OKVI .FH N[ G\RGPB \B FH ECMN
OK[R-\NKP ,\GYZeaC QKKET OKSGMP OK[R KRV ,OFKRGPFC
ZGTF TCX KVN OKNVP QKKET OK[RB .FYKZVBC FXGVR QKKET
.\GKGCZ\ YK\[FN KEM \GVEZR QKKET \GV[G
OKNYG[ OF OB FFG\ KRB .FZKDF EDR OKYGI \YYGIP FRGHKZB
FH \GEEGR[ ,EKP\M-\GPMIF OKZGVKXF NT NT OD \BH ZGSBN
NT OD GB ,TCY OEBF[ \GNGCDFP \GPNT\PG OKR[C \GBP
.UGIF NB WVR\FN OKNDF
{ KEP-TCs 'QG[BZ ONGT' QKC [DVPC OD NNGI\P ZC[P
GK\GBZJBK\G ,\GCZ\F \B CT\N NIF ,OGXTF ZICPC SBP[
GC[ K[KN[ ONGT QKCN { FP[N \GVKKT LG\P OKRYGZ\P
GPM O\[ZGPN OKEPXRF OKVNBN NNM FTKDP FRKB \GCZ\F
YIZF ,\GZ\NGBP OKMZEC F\GB OKZP[PG OPXT OKKIN
-\MBNPC ,\GKZNGVGVF \GKGRPBF KEYGPPG OKKP[Z OKYRTPP
.\GCGIZC \MZXRG \ZXGRF \K\GCZ\ EK
 U f J S K Z I^ Q B G G K B
KZVS KR[ BKXGF .DX@KP+ QPBG ZYCP ,ZZG[P ,1978 EKNK
.(2004) QKEKG G (2002) 19-F FBPN FEKZV \MZC ,FZK[
SZVC FMH G\ZK[ NTG ,\GV[ TC[N GPDZG\ GKZK[
,2001 QP & e[C OKJREGJSN \KXZBF \GZI\C QG[BZF
N[ Z\GKC CGJF OKZGMKCF ZVSN 'KPGZE CKCB' SZV
GZVS NT 2006 FZK[N Svetlostrui SZV ,2002 FR[F
,ZBCI^ KBC FZK[F QG\ZPC QG[BZF SZVFG ,KR[F
U\\[F BGF .2009 FKJBGZY SDRKZVS QBZfD NCKJSVC
UG\K[N OHKPF KTGZKBCG OKKPGBNRKC OKNCKJSV FPMC
.Word Express FVGZKB IZHP-OGZEC K\GZVS FNGTV
\JKSZCKRGBC \KZDNGC \GZVSC ZYIP KEGPKN OKN[F
KZDNGCF OHKRZEGPF" ZYIPF \EGCT \B OSZV ,FKVGS
QGMPC ZYIP \KPTM QFMPG ,(2008) "OKZ[TF \GR[C
ZYCP ,UGJSKZI .\KZDNGCF FKPEYBF N[ \GZVSN
OKZYIP N[ CZ ZVSP OSZV ,GZGEC NKCGP \GZVS
D[GPG \[Y NHP DGI KZYIPF GZVSG ,OGI\C OKKPEYB
N[ \KXZBF \GCZ\F QZY SZVC FMH (2010) EKNKF
GK\GZKXKC CN[PF ,DXKP + QPBM .KZDNGCF \GCZ\F EZ[P
{ NBCBYC \GTKCYC CGJSKZI QDRP ,FYKHGPG JSYJ
.K\ZGSP KZDNGC NKNI

90 QGYKNF / 62
63 / OKZK[FG OKZZG[PF { ZT[
 F K Z D N G C | U f J S K Z I^ Q B G G K B
ZEKY-QPJNB QRGZ ,NEGZ FN'DRB :\KZDNGCP

K]RZ^&a

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90 QGYKNF / 64

F\KF FZK[ .\K[GRBF \GCZ\C KEGIKK GF[P ZPK[ FHMMG
FRGZIBN .ZGEN ZGEP \GCZ\F \ZCTFN [PK[[ KNMF
.KJKBFC [TZF \GRCZGY \IGGZN FZK[ CZTC K\V\\[F
OGKM .EIGKPC \[DZP K#RHGBC FTP[R O[ GBZY[ FZK[F
NCB { ZC[P \TC YZ OKZZG[PCG FZK[C \G[GRBF \ZMHR
.\G[GRBF \B NKX\ FZK[F .YKVSP FH OD
65 / OKZK[FG OKZZG[PF { ZT[
F Z K [ F N T / U f J S K Z I^ Q B G G K B
FZK[ [K GRN
OKR[F \GBP LZGBN .KNNM QVGBC FZK[ NT ZCEN EGBP F[Y
KRB[ FP .OKNGDND KVNB FN GKF K[GRBF OGKYF N[ \GCZF
ODG { \K[KBF K\VY[FP Z\GK \GKFN ZPKK\P GRKB QBM ZPGB
N[ \GRPB BKF FZK[ ,KNKC[C .QPHC KIMGRF TDZC ,\BH
ORCGPC KJZVCG K[KBC \YSGT[ \GRPB ,\GKCKJYKKCGS
NGB[N [K ,KPKJRKB IZGBC OEB ZKMFN KEM .Z\GKC YGPTF
OFKRKC OKYNGI OKCFBR[ FCKSF GH .CFGB BGF FZK[ GHKB
[KKC\P BN EIB UB[ FZPB \IB \KZDNGC \ZZG[P .OKZK[
OKC\GM O\GB GBZK[ OKEIVP ONGM NCB ,ZZG[P BZYKFN
FZK[ ,FH QCGPC .OEBF [VRN FB@ZP BKF FZK[ KM ,FZK[
.\K\GZVS \ZGSP NM N[ QKKTPF ,FZE[] F EGPT ,\GFPF BKF
\GZVSF BKF[ \KRGMPC FRG[BZ FZHT \MZT GPM BKF FZK[
QG[BZF ZCEF FH ,FRGB\ GB ZC[P N[ FZYPC :FNGM
OKZZG[PF ,FZK[F KZXGKN QMGSP KE FH OKPTVN .OK[VIP[
GKF .OKFGNB OT Z[Y\N LZE FZK[F F\KF ZCTC .OPXT
FDGSN FZK[ FC[IR QFC[ \K[GRBF FKZGJSKFC \GVGY\
FNVB FRKVN OKZZG[PFG FZK[F GYIER GRKPKC NCB ,\KNKTF
\EPNP FZK[ ,\GKCKJYKKCGS N[ \GRPB F\GKFC .ONGTF N[
EIGKPC \CFN\P BN \G[GRBF OGKMG ,OHKNBGEKCKERKB GR\GB
OKKY\FN FNGMK FRKB \G[GRBF ,\BH NMCG .OKNBGEKCKERKBP
CG[G CG[ GRN ZKMHP FZK[F \B QKKVBPF ZGXKYF .FZK[ BNN
GRN ZHGT NCB GR\GB NCNCP FHG ,UGNI-KRC GRK+KI FPM ET
-\GMZTP Q\GBN SRMKFN FNGMK FRKB FZK[ .\GRZT NT ZGP[N
FZ\+KF F\CZKY NT EKTP[ FP ,FHGZV GPM \GKYGGK[ OKSIK
ONGTC \GK[GRB N[ ZDBP BKF FZK[ .K[GRBF TCJN
FNBN OKPGE OKEKYV\ \BNPP QMNG ,GRKPK N[ K\GMBNPF
QGKDKFF GC[ OGYP@C FNKI\P BKF :ZCTC \EF FBNKP[
\GKFN Z[VB KB NCB ,KTGXYP ZVGS \GKFN Z[VB .YKSVP
.OKKI-LZEG \GFP BNB TGXYP FRKB FZK[ KM ,KTGXYP ZZG[P
N[ TGCYF CXYPF .\GKGFPC QKVKNI-ZIS BKF FZK[ \BKZY
,\K[GRBF FV[F N[ QG[BZF K\GRPBF QKKVBPF FKF ZGCKEF
 NBZ[K | KYSCJKN FKCX
xl+B] K]\K]KF@ B̀kr&

.x l
+B] K\]K]KF@ B̀kr
& ,B l @B] ,FI @K]N^S
OfK OfK x\@fB Kv]^Nc#]b B̀kr &
.F@Tr @ F@Tr @
K#jZ^]a NB& Kv]E^P #^XF] B̀kr &
.x+Rfa^N&T \B& \fj^C]N QJ @q@F# xr + B` Z \B&
,Zfo]X x\@fB Kv]E^l #]N B̀kr &
.F&o ,Z#T#K
UeT^VT] N@M^a xKB+ x@N K\]KB+Z^F+ B̀kr &
F&R^C]kF# K+NTz Nr & KYSCJKN FKCX
ZF#` gF# Z+HfI
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#eJ@aF# ,FF&+jF# fc]X \B& \fk#D^N
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# \B& x@N Kv]\#@R B̀kr& ,B l @B] ,FI @K]N^S
TKCX\ NB ,(1998 EIGBPF WGCKYF) CKJKPF L[GIC
.(2010 EIGBPF WGCKYF) FKDZGJKN G (2003 QGYKNF) KNT
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.SKVF NTVPG S"GPT KYRTPCG
,OKN[GZKC \KZCTF FJKSZCKRGBC \GZVSG FKVGSGNKV FEPN
FTKVGF .OKN[GZKC FYKHGPN FKPEYBC \KSBNY FZP]HG
OKNJKSZC ,\GZGPH\ OT ,\KNBZ[KF FZVGBC \ZPHM
\GSP \C\GM ,\GZVSN FXZPG FZGP OGKM .\GJNYFCG
.\ZGYKC KZPBPG

90 QGYKNF / 66

\JKSZCKRGBC \KZCT \GZVSC JZGJYGE KEGPKN OKN[F
FKPEFG OGNKXN ZVSF \KCCG ZYR[C FXZPG ,CKCB-N\
FZK[" :GN[ JZGJYGEF \EGCT .FZZSGPC ZDR ["T
OHKRZEGPJSGVG OHKRZEGP ,YGIX N[ OKJCKF { FKEGZBVM
.(2007) "QEKCB EGE \ZK[C
67 / OKZK[FG OKZZG[PF { ZT[
KZKBP ETND
KRDV :FZK[ KZVS F[GN[ OSZV .OKN[GZK ,1965 EKNK
,(2006 NPZM) KN'DC OKTGHTH ,(2003 NPZM) KRDZGB
OKZGVKSG OKZK[ ZVSG (2010 NPZM) OEY\P [GVKI
.(2008 Q[GI QCB) \&C` \j^ { \Cf\M \XGCY OT U\G[P
ZGCKXF KZGVKSN EZ[PF ,OKZXY OKZGVKS ZVS OSZV
\KKDGNG\RB ,\KPKRV FZGY \B LZTG (2008 NPZM)
GPSZGV GKZK[ .(2009 ,P"TC 41 FKEP) NDZGEM KZK[
,\KNDRBC \GRG[ \GPCCG \T KC\MC ,\GKDGNG\RBC
FN[PPF [BZ SZVC FMH G\ZK[ NT .\KCZTCG \K\VZXC
FVK \GZVSN OKN[GZK SZVCG (2008) OKKZCT OKZVGSN
.(2001) ZPF QGNGCH ["T
FXGCYC ZCIG ,QGYKNF FZK[N ZVSF \KC ZDGC BGF KZKBP
FXGCYF KZCI OT ESKK 2002-C .'\Cf\M' \K\GZVSF
2008-CG ,(www.poetryplace.org) 'FZK[N OGYP' \B
,(2008) FZK[N OKN[GZK NCKJSV ,'ZJP & NT ZJP & ' \B
KMZGTP OD BGF KZKBP .ONFRPM QFKM OESGGKF HBP[
."\Cf\M" \TF C\M
 NBZ[K | KZKBP ETND
DZ+fF^N FB@@XfF

F@TeRv ^ FF @]H eR@kr& K\ ]Z@^Dr ] Zei]S

eRT^v#^VF] reJ@R \]K#C^a FE@erI z
(ZP #fN r+K d\ @fB K#NeB) f\fB
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fB fa eRKZ]@K Ufn#a B̀N fB
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fB F&gF # OfiF # O&X&T E#T F\@P +
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OfK N@j HB @ eBZ^Y@
OfiF# YZ#^G QfvT]@a
F&H N#T Z+aE#^N Zr @ ^VB&

90 QGYKNF / 68
 NBZ[K | FINBXP QBPNS
O#b B@aB#

K]kr
& B@aB#^N
ZF@F@ EZ#fP^a E#Nfmr &
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# \E#eTv^ B̀N fk]VBz#G
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fN F\@^K@F B̀kr & K+R^oP] B̀N
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69 / OKZK[FG OKZZG[PF { ZT[

 KMEZP GKZP-ZI[
\R[C ZGB FBZ EK\TF \GENG\ GKZK[ ZVS .1975 EKNK
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.2001 \R[N QGYKNF FZK[N ZVSF \KCC \KCZT-\KZCT]F

90 QGYKNF / 70
 NBZ[K | KMEZP GKZP-ZI[
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90 QGYKNF / 86

N[ \[GZI \KC" \B \ZVB KRC OT DKXF 1998-C
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87 / OKZK[FG OKZZG[PF { ZT[
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90 QGYKNF / 88
 FEfT FJKZ
FPSZV .FHGZVG FZK[ \C\GM .1960 ,\ZXRC FENGR
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89 / OKZK[FG OKZZG[PF { ZT[

90 QGYKNF / 90
 NBZ[K | FEfT FJKZ
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90 QGYKNF / 92
 NBZ[K | HGT SGPT
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90 QGYKNF / 94
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90 QGYKNF / 96

KEKYV\ QKC OKNKDZF OKI\PF GC\MR GRK\[ NXB .\GNDG
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90 QGYKNF / 98
 NBZ[K | KYSCGNKV FBN
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eR^VB#@R ,Or @ eRE^#D@a ,F` o eRP^r # B@
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WZ&B& Or @ ,OKZ]@V^nF#-Z&V+S NB& x+N
;T#D̀Z F@K&R@Ve d@X^CZ]P + ZfTv+ Z&C+T
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& ,ZF@@m#N \E&Z&fK ZF@@a F@NfT
FP # NB#r ^ v] NB#^G .F@KE&@K \fo#M^a
.O#T#o eEK]bF] FP # OKP ]@K eEK]b#i
Z+aE#P^F# K+R^V]j WZ&B@F@ K+R^o
.fZ^Cr] ^G OfNIz :d@a
ENV EEGT
C[G\ OGKMG ,1950 ,FVKIC ENGR ,LZGTG ODZ\P ,ZZG[P
Z[T-F[GN[ OSZV .QGKNTF NKNDC[ BK[RF ZVM WGCKY
{ ZCE I\V :OKRGZIBF GKZVS .\IB FNCGRG FZK[ KZVS
,IGZ KRGPTV G (FZK[N C[Y) 2005-1973 OKZK[ ZICP
.(2010 FZK[N C[Y) FZK[ KPGDZ\G OKZK[ { ZGB KNKNI
OKZVGSN FN[PPF [BZ SZVC OKKPTV FMH G\ZK[ NT
.(2007 ,1997) OKKZCT
QNB ,QPJKG JNGG N[ OFK\GZKXK CJKPP ODZ\ USGRC
,GNC NGS ,SPBKNKG SGNZY OBKNKG ,YBGZY Y'D ,DZCHRKD
,ZRYGV OBKNKG ,SPG\ QNKE ,KKGGDRKPF JSRZB ,ZNKP KZRF
,KE[GZ QPNS ,EBZRGY UHG'D ,KEZBF SPG\ ,QKKGGJ YZBP
LGRKIF Z[ SZVC FMH GKPGDZ\ NT .EGTG ,QGERGN Y'D
FVKI \JKSZCKRGB ZDGC BGF ENV .(1990) OKPDZ\PN
.\KNDRB \GZVSC

90 QGYKNF / 100
 e N D f K a]&N ' X& Z e R ' X& Y f&D
.FKYZGJC OKZT FPMC NEDG 1971-C NGCRJSKBC ENGR
FKDGNGRMJN S"FKCC NP[I \SERFC QG[BZ ZBG\ OKKS
\JKSZCKRGBC OKYST NFRP ] C KR[ ZBG\G ,NGCRJSKBC
ZeR'X&Y^f&D O[F \I\ FZK[ OSZVP 1990-P .NGCRJSKB
\BXGFC ZGB FBZ 2006 \R[C .FKYZGJC \T KC\MC
,OKZVSF NMN LKZEP ,GKZK[P QG[BZ WCGY .Yitik UÈlke
GZVS .OKZGMKC ZVSN Arkadas Z. Ozger SZVC FMH[
.2010-C FBXGF F\GBC OSZV\F ,OKNKPF ZB[ ,KR[F
FCK\MN OKNCKJSVCG \GBRESC U\\[F eNDfKa]&N'X&
GKZK[ .FE@ReY KBCG NGCRJSKBC ,FRG\BC ,FDKZC OGDZ\NG
.ONGTF KCIZC \T KC\MC GPSZV\FG \GV[ 13-N GPDZG\
SRCKJS SBNBGG N[ OFK\GZKXKP \KYZGJN ODZ\ BGF
,\KRVK GYKKF \ZK[ N[ FKDGNG\RB QMG ,ZJSGB NGVG
FZK[ N[ FKDGNG\RB LZGTG ODZ\P BGF FNB OKPKCG
OHKPF KTGZKBC U\\[P eNDfKa]&N'X& .F[EI \KBYKZPB
Word FVGZKB IZHP-OGZEC K\GZVS FNGTV UG\K[N
www.word-) GN[ JRZJRKBF Z\B \B ESKK ,Express
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101 / OKZK[FG OKZZG[PF { ZT[

90 QGYKNF / 102
 F K Y Z G J | e N D f K a]&N ' X& Z e R ' X& Y f&D
ZCIPFG QXKR NJ ,ZNMGC FZERSMNB :\KYZGJP

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103 / OKZK[FG OKZZG[PF { ZT[

 F Z K [ F N T / e N D f K a]&N ' X& Z e R ' X& Y f&D
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CG\MN \NI\F LKB" ,FRG[BZ \NB[R NNM LZEC[ FNB[F

Z\GK FCG[I FNB[ .KRKTC EIGKPC FCG[I FRKB ,"?FZK[
"?FZK[ CG\MN OKMK[PP GRIRB FPN" BKF
BGF FHF LSPF ;CKCSP ONGTF QKCN GRKRKC EKZVP[ LSP [K
OKC[GI GB FV[F LSP LZE ONGTF \B OKBGZ GRIRB .FV[F
FPC JGN[N KEM FV[C OKJNG[ IGMF KNTC .G\GTXPBC
-FRG\RF FV[F \B UVGMP KRB .OKC[GIG OKBGZ GRIRB[
FK\GNGCD \B WZGV ,FZK[F \GTXPBC \BHF FNTPNP
CG\MN LK[PP KRB .F\GB CKIZPG OGKN OGKP OKYEF\PF
CG[ING ONGTF \B \GBZN \GKGRPEHFF \B BGXPN KEM FZK[
.OKKIF NT
.ZGVKSF \B CG\MN KNCP ZGVKS OFN [K[ OKZCE NT C\GM KRB
FPYZF OBF" ,FRGT KRB .'KN[ OKZGVKSC OKZGI [K'[ OKZPGB
"?OKZGIP GB OKZ[YP FKG[T
,\PBN OGNIF QKC NY[PF KGGK[ \B \DXKKP FZK[ ,KNKC[C
K\NC NY[P KGGK[ FH .KGNDN KGPSF QKC ,QGKPEN \GBKXPF QKC
.CKXK
NCB JJG[P KRB HB .CG\MN NKI\FN LKB TEGK BN OTV UB KRB
\[VIP[ QKTF .GKNT CG\MN GF[P [VIN CKCSP NM\SP BN
O\GB \MVGF ,FCK\MF KRVN OKZCE FR[PG \ZIGC FCK\MF \B
.FBKD[ BKF GHF FZKICF NM[ QKPBP KRB .FMNFPC OKZIBN
KNGB .QKKET OKNKPN LVF BN[ TCJF \B [VIPG JJG[P KRB
.IXRF \B [VIPF KRGZVTN FPGE FH

90 QGYKNF / 104

\GNGCD FXGI G\ZKXK[ KRGTCJ JSKMZRB BGF F@NS&RKY
FEDB ZGVKS :KNBKRGNGY-JSGV [EIF GZVS ;OKKZRB'H
BGF (Papertiger media \BXGF ,Soi 3 Gold \ZES)
\GCZ OKR[ KI BGF .\GTSP ZVSG QPGZ N[ Y\ZP CGNK[
EPKN O[ { GKFGB ,ZKaPBDCG ,FKNDRB ,'DEKZCPKKYC
HGIPC ZZGD\P BGF OGKM ONGB { \ZXGK FCK\MG \KNDRB
QFMPG ,FKNZJSGB CZTP N[ 'FJKIF \TGXZ'C ,K+KE^eJ
NKCYPC .FKNZJSGB CZTP \JKSZCKRGBC ZYIP \KPTM
.'DEKZCPKKYC 'DNGY NK'XZ'XC NDS-ZCI F@NS&RKY Z\GR
105 / OKZK[FG OKZZG[PF { ZT[
F @N S& R K Y Q G ' D
GKF OKRGZIBF GKZK[ KZVS .1963 \R[C FKNZJSGBC ENGR
FKEPGY G (2008 ,Picador) FVKFG B[KRF N[ OKRGGD
,WW Norton) \KZGHB FKVZDGBKDC \GTSP :\KFGNB
:\KJSKCKJYB FYKJBGV \ZGYKCF KZPBP USGB .(2008
ZGB FBZ (KSGN NBKR \MKZTC) QGCKKB YPTC FKMZRB
WCGYG ,2010 KRGKC Liverpool University Press \BXGFC
QM-GPM .Picador \BXGFC 2011-C OSZV\K QGKZ[ GKZK[
,SePfY QGJNKP QG'D N[ GFHIPN [EGIP EGCKT C\M
G\ENGFN 400-F NCGK NDZN GNZBP \EGDB KEKC FNTGF[
\BXGFC 2008 \R[C ZGB FBZ EGCKTF .KBHIPF N[
FYKJBGV ,FNSRKY N[ \GSPF ZVS .Arc Publications
\BXGFC ZGB FBZ ,FYKZKNNG UGRN ZCTP :FVG[I
ZICPG ,2007 \R[C Manchester University Press
\R[C OSZV\F[ ,\KVYKF FZGB\ WCGYC USBR GKZK[P
ENGZF \BP FPEYF OT ,WW Norton \BXGFC 2004
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90 QGYKNF / 106
 F K N Z J S G B | F @N S& R K Y Q G ' D
QPZCGND NTK :\KNDRBP

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\fTZ@ \Z&u & #CP ^ Fr @ eIv^ ,FP @I@&R B̀N xB #
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107 / OKZK[FG OKZZG[PF { ZT[


,OKDE K\DZFG ,DKEC K\YST ENK K\KKF[M ."GMZEN DEF \B
DE) QKNZP DKE+C \GMGZMF \GTGGHF NT ZK[ K\C\M[M NCB
ZGYIN K\NGMK[ FP \B CN[B LKB CG[IN K\NI\F ,(\KRI
FP FH NCB ,QPH IYN FH .KKI \B KI KRB FC[ LZEC ZK[C
,FR[ [PIG OKZ[T FH KRGTCJ KRB .KZGCT F\[T FZK[F[
QMGP KRKB OB OD ,"IXZ\ BN" ZCKEF N[ QCGP NMC QKPBPG
.KRKSP FZG\M \G[K GB OEB UB N[ GKZCE \B NCYN
F Z K [ F N T / F @N S& R K Y Q G ' D
\GZCKEF \Z[TG FZK[ ,OKZZG[P NT
QKPBP BN KRB ,JSKMZRBM .NNM LZEC OKNNMN EDR\P KRB
KRB NCB ,KHMZP QGJN[ N[ FZGX NMC GB DGS OG[P \GRKEPC
\B IKJCFN ETGR[ U\G[P ZSGPCG \GNKFYC QKPBP QM
BN" ZCKEF \B K\ZIC .FNKFYF \GKGMH \BG EKIKF \GKGMH
,KN[ ONGTF \SKV\ N[ FSKSCC EPGT BGF KM ,"IXZ\
KNTCN OD TDGR "IXZ\ BN" ,K\RKICP .KRGTCJMG JSKVKXVM
\GZCKEC BJC\P BGF[ KVM) OKFGNBN EGCMF OB ODG .OKKI
OKRCPG \GRGPB N[ FKKVMN WGZK\ [P[N NGNT (OKKZYKTF
Z[YFC G\GB [ZVN UKETP KRB ,OKRKPBP-BNF NT OKKRGJN[
FEKP F\GBC GPXTN OEB NM N[ OKFGNB .\KRIGZ \GZKI N[
EXN GPXTN OEB NM N[ ZSGP GNKVBG ,ONGMN U\G[P BGF[
FZG[Y KRKTC 'OKFGNB' N[ FZEDFF .U\G[PF ZSGPF
\B LKZTFN NGMK KRB QMN .FTGCY \e[+KN BNG \EP\P FTGR\N
GC[ KNMM BYGGE GBNG \KRIGZ FZFXFM K\EF UIEF
-BNF NT ODG) QFKRKPBP NT \GGXN KEM \G\EF \G[P\[P
.(!OKRKPBP
OKCKKI K\RKICP ,QMCG ?ZGVKSN OKZZG[PF OKSRMR FVKB HB
FTKRPF NT GF[P ZPGNG OKKJKNGV \GKFN OKZZG[PF
EGBP OKCZ OK[RBP \GKSKSC \GKGZKI N[ \KPGKPGKF
OD GHF FCGIF \B CKIZP KRB ,K[KB QVGBC .ONGTC
.\KTCJF FCKCSF ZGPK[ NTG OKKI KNTC \GKGMH NT \GZFXFN
FXGZ KRB[ ZPGB BN FH .NKTV ZZG[PM KPXT \B FBGZ KRB
FNB OKB[GR NCB .BN KRB KM ,\SPNV\P FZK[ CG\MN
[P[N JNIFC FKG[T BKFG ,KN[ FZK[N TYZF \B OKYVSP
F\KF BKF .FPXGT-CZ KTXPB BKF FZK[ .FBIP GB \GET
F\KF KPB .C\MC KGJKC N[ Z\GKC \PEYGPF FZGXF
OKZCE BJCN Z\GKC FCGJF LZEF GH F\KF GR\KCCG ,\ZZG[P
\PKGSP F[GI\ BJCN UB GB .KGJKCN OK[Y GKF \ZIB[
,of[Ka \CHKNB .OK[TPC KGJKC KEKN FBC BN QKKET[
\GZK\SN \TEGP F\KF NCB DGEN EGBP FCFB ,FPDGEN
K\ZZIK[G" FZFXFC OKK\SPF ,"DEF" ZK[F \B FC\M[M
90 QGYKNF / 108

\KRBPZD-\KPGZ \GR[NCC ZBG\ \GRKKJXFC FPKKS FC@Z&Y@
\GCZ\F QGTGC[C \C\MM FECT .eJZBJ \JKSZCKRGBC
\IN[PF \KN"MHPM FRFKM 2008 ET 1992-PG ,Sirp
OKC\GMF \GEIB\FC FZCI BKF .G"YSRGBN \KRGJSBF
\KPGBNRKCF \KRMG\F \ZDGCG ,Q"BVCG \KRGJSBF
.(2006) F@GfKB@ \JKSZCKRGBC OKZVGSN
109 / OKZK[FG OKZZG[PF { ZT[
rebuR aiiP :otohP
F C@ Z&Y@ S K Z G E
EIB ZVSG FZK[ KZVS 16 FPSZV .1958 ,QKNBJ \EKNK
ZGB FBZ 2008-C .(2007 Verb) \GKGTP[P ,\GSP N[
,DEKA O[F \I\ FKZK[P ZICP (FBXGF F\GBC)
-\KRGJSB) KRG[N-GEF FZVS FKRJKZCC OSZV\F 2010-CG
N[ CZ ZVSPC F\MH FC@Z&Y@ .QPHF N[ G\ZGX (\KNDRB
\B (2005-CG 1993-C) OKKPTV FNCKYG OKK\GZVS OKSZV
BK[R FN YKRTF 2001 \R[C .\GCZ\N KPGBNF SZVF
.'QCNF CMGMF ZESP' N[ \GZKCBF \GB \B FKRGJSB
.\GV[ 25-N GPDZG\ FKZPBPG FKZK[
,OKZK[ N[ OKPGDZ\ FC@Z&Y@ FPSZV FKZK[N USGRC
,KYSEGZC ,JYC ,QEGB ,ZKVSYKK[ \BP OKZPBPG \GHIP
;\GKDGNG\RB FMZT ;EGTG QBZCG'D ,QGSRKYKE ,FCGJPIB
FZCKI ;OKZVSN \GPEYFG \GSP ,OKZPBP FC\M
KPGI\C F\XZF]G ,QGZJBK\NG FYKHGPN OKJSYJ
.FN FXGIPG FKRGJSBC FYK\BFG LGRKIF ,\GCZ\F
 F K R G J S B | F C@ Z&Y@ S K Z G E
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90 QGYKNF / 110

K\TE NT K\KNTF BN NCB ,KZGCT LZT-\CZ FKGGI GH F\KF
.OSY BKF ,NP[I GPM ,FZK[[ GB { FZK[C \RPB\P KRB[
F[GT BKF[ \TEGK KRB NCB ,\NTGV BKF LKB FFG\ QKKET KRB
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,FZG[F FTKVGF \KNDRBN GPDZG\[ OKRG[BZF KZ#K[P EIBC
ZKTXF [KBF ."FPPE F\ZGXG EGS BKF FZK[F N[ F\GFP"
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111 / OKZK[FG OKZZG[PF { ZT[
F Z K [ F N T / F C@ Z&Y@ S K Z G E
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NKDP ZPGNM ,CG\MN K\NI\F[ HBP K\GB \VEGZ FNB[F
FCGJ Z\GK FCG[\ FN BGXPN FNGMK KRKB QKKETG .TCZB
\RCGP K\NCG \KZG\SP \G[K ."?NP[I GFP" FNB[N Z[BP
FNGMK KRB[ FRKPBP KRB ?OKEDGRP OKRCGP ZVSP FN [K[
OKFHP[ GPM { F\GB \TPG[ GB FBGZ KRB[M FZK[ \GFHN
.KNP[I YG[ OKNCYP[M NP[I
\GZKFPC FTR ,FKDZRB ODG ZPGI OD BKF ,NP[I GPM ,FZK[
OKYNGI YZ BN OKKR[F .NNM TGRN KNC \JJGZ NKCYPCG ZGBF
FRKICP FHN FH OKZG[Y { FBZR LM { OD BNB ,\GCZ \GRGM\
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NM \B UGJYN BGF EIB JG[V QGM\P ?FZK[ OK[GT LKB
\B GIY .LZEF LZGBN OM\B OKY\ZP[ OKZHGPF OKIZVF
\B ,QGKPEF \B ,[GBKKFG EIVF \B ,FFKPMF \B ,FYG[\F
NM { \GPIDF \BG IGZF KCXP \B ,\GVNGIF \GC[IPF
\G[DZ GVKSGF ,O\GB GCCZT .OFP OKKG[T \GPGNI[ OKZCEF
\IYZPF .FP QPHN ZGBP QDGP OGYPC GZP[ ] G GY^aY#a ,OKVKZI
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SYJ \MZGTG ZIB GB FH NB N[ G[EYPN \MNGF K\KKF OKRGB
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LZTG N"GICG WZBC \T KC\MC OKZPBPG \GSP OSZV
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90 QGYKNF / 126
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127 / OKZK[FG OKZZG[PF { ZT[

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90 QGYKNF / 128
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90 QGYKNF / 134
 Zq+r
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135 / OKZK[FG OKZZG[PF { ZT[

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90 QGYKNF / 136
 ‫א֖לֶ ּה‬‫א ו ַי ְדַ בֵּ֣ר אֱלֹהִ֔ים אֵ ֛ת כָ ּל־הַדְ ּב ִָר ֥ים הָ ֵ‬
‫ת ֛יךָ‬ ‫ה ֑֔יךָ אֲשֶׁ֧ר הוֹ צֵא ִ‬
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‫ְךָ‬ ‫תֽעֲשֶׂ֨ה־ל ֥֣‬
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‫מתַּ֥֣חַת לָ ָ‬
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‫אֽנֹכִ֞י י ְהוָ֤ה‬
‫ה֖ם֮ וְלֹ֣א תָעָבְדֵ ֑ם֒ כִּ֣י ָ‬
‫לֹֽא־תִשְׁתַּחְו ֶ ֥֣ה לָ ֶ‬
‫א ֣ל קַנ ָּ֔א פֹּקֵד עֲוֹ ֨ן אָבֹ֧ת עַל־בָּנִ֛ים עַל־‬ ‫אֱלֹהֶ֨יךָ֙ ֵ‬
‫חסֶד֙‬
‫א ֽ֑י ׃ ו וְעֹ֥֤שֶ ׂה ֶ ֖֨‬
‫ע ֖ים לְשֹׂנ ְ ָ‬
‫ַל־רבֵּ ִ‬
‫ִ‬ ‫שִׁלֵּשִׁ֥ים וְע‬
‫שָׂ֛א‬‫ת ֽי ׃ ז לֹ֥א תִ ּ‬ ‫ב ֖י וּלְשֹׁמְרֵ ֥י מִצְוֹ ָ‬ ‫פ ֑֔ים לְאֹהֲ ַ‬‫לַאֲלָ ִ‬
‫ה ֖יךָ לַ ּ ֑‬
‫שָׁו ְא כִּ֣י לֹ֤א י ְנַקֶּה֙ י ְהו ָ ֔ה‬ ‫ש ֽׁם־י ְהוָ֥ה אֱל ֹ ֶ‬‫אֶת־ ֵ‬
‫שָׁו ְא ׃ ח זָכ֛וֹ ר֩ אֶת־‬
‫שָׂ֥א אֶת־שְׁמ֖וֹ לַ ּ ֽ‬
‫אֵ ֛ת אֲשֶׁר־י ִ ּ‬
‫מ ֣ים֙ תַּֽעֲבֹ֔ד֮‬
‫שֵׁשֶׁת י ָ ִ‬
‫ט ֤֣‬ ‫שַׁבָּ֖֜ת לְקַדְ ּשֽׁ֗וֹ ׃‬
‫י ֥ ֨וֹ ם הַ ּ‬
‫שְׁבִיעִ֔֜י שַׁבָּ֖֣ת׀‬ ‫ֽךָ ׃ י ו ְי ֨וֹ ם֙ הַ ּ‬ ‫שִ ׂ֣יתָ כָ ּל־מְלַאכְתֶּ ֒‬ ‫וְעָ ֖‬
‫שֶ ׂ֨ה כָל־מְלָאכָ֡֜ה אַתָּ֣ה׀‬ ‫ל ֹ֣א־תַעֲ ֣‬ ‫ה ֑֗יךָ ֽ‬
‫לַיהוָ֣ה אֱל ֹ ֶ‬
‫ךָ‬ ‫ָ‬
‫ְך וּבְהֶמְתֶּ֔֗ך ו ְג ֵרְ ֖֙‬ ‫ָ‬ ‫וּבִנ ְָך ֽ֣־וּבִתֶּ֗ךָ עַבְדְ ּך ֤֨ וַאֲ ָ‬
‫מֽת ֜֙‬ ‫ָ‬

‫שֶׁ֣ר בִּשְׁעָרֶ ֽ֔יךָ ׃ יא כִּ֣י ֵ‬

‫שֽׁשֶׁת־יָמִים֩ עָשָׂ֨ה י ְהו ָ ֜ה‬ ‫אֲ ֥‬
‫מ֣י ִם וְאֶת־הָאָ֗רֶ ץ אֶת־הַיָּם֙ וְאֶת־כָ ּל־‬ ‫שָׁ ַ‬
‫אֶת־הַ ּ‬
‫ע ֑י עַל־כֵּ֗ן בֵּרַ ֧ךְ י ְהוָ֛ה‬
‫שְׁבִי ִ‬
‫אֲשֶׁר־בָּ֔ם ו ַי ָ ּ֖נ ַח בַּי ּ֣וֹ ם הַ ּ‬
‫ב ֖יךָ‬
‫ש ֽׁהו ּ ׃ יב כַּבֵּ֥ד אֶת־אָ ִ‬
‫שַׁבָּ֖ת וַֽיְקַדְ ּ ֵ‬
‫אֶת־י ֥וֹ ם הַ ּ‬
‫וְאֶת־אִמֶּ֑ךָ לְמַ֨עַן֙ יַא ֲִרכ֣ו ּן יָמֶ֔יךָ עַל הָאֲדָ מָ֔ה‬
‫צ ֽ֖ח ׃‬ ‫ל ֽךְ ׃ יג ֥‬
‫ל ֹ֖א תִּֿרְ ָ‬ ‫ה ֖יךָ נֹתֵ ֥ן ָ‬
‫אֲשֶׁר־י ְהוָ֥ה אֱל ֹ ֶ‬
‫ל ֹ֖א תִּֿגְנֹֽ֔ב ׃ טז לֹֽא־תַעֲנֶ֥ה‬
‫א ֽ֑ף ׃ טו ֣‬‫ל ֹ֖א תִּֿנ ְ ָ‬
‫יד ֣‬
‫ָ‬
‫ע ֑ך לֹֽא־‬‫שֽׁקֶר ׃ יז לֹ֥א תַחְמֹ֖ד בֵּ֣ית רֵ ֶ‬ ‫ָ‬
‫בְרֵ עֲך ֖ עֵ ֥ד ָ‬
‫א֣שֶׁת רֵ עֶ֗ךָ וְעַבְדּ֤וֹ וַאֲמָתוֹ ֙ וְשׁוֹ ר֣וֹ וַחֲמֹר֔וֹ‬
‫תחְמֹ֞ד ֵ‬ ‫ַ‬
‫ע ֽךָ ׃‬
‫וְכֹ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר לְרֵ ֶ‬
‫סקס‪ ,‬שקרים ואלוהים‪:‬‬

‫שער‬
‫עשור לשער‬
‫פסטיבל השירה הבינלאומי‬

‫פסטיבל השירה הבינלאומי ‪ 2010‬המשוררים והשירים‬

‫בעקבות עשרת הדיברות‬
‫חֹוסה‬
‫ֶ‬ ‫אמיר אור | מירון ח‪ .‬איזקסון | זֹהר איתן |‬
‫ָמ ִריָ ה ַא ְלוָ ֶרז | אבי אליאס | ישראל אלירז | שרון אס‬
‫ּבלנְ דיאנה | מואיז בן הראש | נטעלי בראון‬ ‫| רות בלומרט | אנה ַ‬
‫| חמוטל בר יוסף | אורציון ברתנא | יעל גלוברמן | ורדה גנוסר |‬
‫קזימירֹו ֶדה ּבריטֹו | מרק ֶדלּוז | ריקי דסקל | סיון הר־שפי | רפי‬
‫וייכרט | דורית ויסמן | חאריס ולאוְ יאנֹוס | ענת זכריה | לינה‬
‫זֶ רֹון | איוואן ְחריסטֹוף | צביה ליטבסקי | גלעד מאירי | סלמאן‬

‫שער‬
‫מצאלחה | שחר־מריו מרדכי | אגי משעול | ּבאניָ ה נטסּואישי‬
‫| ֶדניס נֶ ְר ְקס | אנואר סאבא | ָארּונדהאטי סּוּבראמאניאם |‬
‫יינשטיין | לאה‬
‫ַ‬ ‫איליין ַפ‬
‫רוני סומק | ריטה עֹודה | עמוס עוז | ֵ‬
‫קינס ָלה | דוריס‬
‫ֶ‬ ‫ֹוקצ’נּור ֶצ ֶ’ל ִּביֹוגלּו | ג’ון‬
‫פילובסקי | עודד פלד | גֶ ֶ‬
‫ָק ֶר ָבה | טוביה ריבנר | אנה ריסטֹוביץ’ | צביקה שטרנפלד |‬
‫קולות חדשים‪ :‬יונתן ברג | ליאור גרנות | ּבֹעז יניב | ִל ְיבנָ ה כץ‬
‫אסי | דויד מור |‬ ‫סּוח ַמּוָ ִ‬
‫| נארימאן ָּכרּום | דנה לובינסקי | עלי נָ ְ‬
‫פסטיבל השירה הבינלאומי ה‪10-‬‬ ‫אורה ניזר | שירה סתיו | דניאל עוז | יערה שחורי | יצחק שחר‬
‫המשוררים והשירים ‪2010‬‬
‫شعر ‪٢٠١٠‬‬ ‫‪90‬‬

‫مهرجان دولي للشعر‬

‫מחיר מומלץ ‪ 55‬ש"ח‬

‫משרד התרבות והספורט‬
‫משרד החוץ‬