28.

57: a)

b) At a position on the x-axis:

μ0 I μ0 I x
Bnet  2 cosθ 
2πr π x2  a2 x  a2
2

μ0 Ix
 Bnet  ,
π x2  a2 
in the negative y-direction, as shown at left.

c)

d) The magnetic field is a maximum when:

dB
0 2
C

2Cx 2
 
 x 2  a 2  2x 2  x  a
dx x  a2 x2  a2   2

e) When x  a, B  π0xI , which is just like a wire carrying current 2I.