 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

?‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E JF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
١٤٢٥ 
    ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬
 W،،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
?‫א‬?? ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   
    ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 
nutrition W ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

food W ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EFoodF‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬K ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KEF

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٪E٧٥F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬


    ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 ‫א‬،‫א‬F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
FoodconversionE
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E ‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F
    ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J ١
KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ J ٢
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J ٣
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J ٤
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J ٥

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ •

 K‫א‬‫א‬ •

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
< ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬E
 ،،F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٪٧٥F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬ 
   ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 
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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 ،،،F‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ E١
K‫א‬‫א‬ E٢
K‫א‬‫א‬ E٣
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٤
،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٥
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ٪٨٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 E١٥FHE٩F
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ E١
K E٢
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٣

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬E١
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 EKKKKKKKKKKK،‫א‬،‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬E٢
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 WE
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٨F‫א‬E٤٠F‫א‬‫א‬KKK
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 WE
E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬







-٤-
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ E١
K‫א‬‫א‬ E٢
K‫א‬ E٣
K‫א‬‫א‬ E٤
K‫א‬ E٥
K‫א‬ E٦
،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬



 
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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٦F
‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬G
‫א‬EF ‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬EF
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬
GG
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 GG
‫א‬  ‫א‬
 GGG‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L‫א‬W‫א‬ •

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬G

‫א‬‫א‬ GG

 K‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬GGG

 K‫א‬‫א‬

-٦-
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬E١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 W‫א‬E٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 W‫א‬E٣
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬E٤
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KE ‫א‬F‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬Dl. METHIONINE‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


-٧-
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬E٥
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ E١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬


-٨-
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬L‫א‬E٪٧J ٦F‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٣
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
 W
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٢

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٣
K‫א‬‫א‬

 W
‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬E١
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E٪٦J ٤F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
F‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (٪٤-٣)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬(٪٧-٢)
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ (E) ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J ١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J ٢
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬J ٣






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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬EHypothalamusF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬

‫ﻃﺎﻗﺔ ﻣﻔﻘﻮدة ﻓﻲ‬  ‫ﻃﺎﻗﺔ ﻣﻬﻀﻮﻣﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺬرق‬
 
‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻤﻤﺜﻠﺔ )ﻃﺎﻗﺔ اﻷﻳﺾ( وهﻲ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺒﺎﻗﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺟﺴﻢ اﻟﻄﺎﺋﺮ‬ ‫ﻃﺎﻗﺔ ﻣﻔﻘﻮدة ﻓﻲ اﻟﺒﻮل‬


‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻨﻔﺬة‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺼﺎﻓﻴﺔ‬


‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻻﻧﺘﺎﺟﻴﺔ‬

‫اﻟﻔﻌﺎﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺤﻴﻮﻳﺔ اﻻﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬ (١ (‫ اﻟﺒﻴﺾ‬، ‫اﻟﻨﻤﻮ )إﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﻠﺤﻢ‬ (١
(‫ وﻏﻴﺮهﺎ‬،‫ اﻟﺮﺋﺘﻴﻦ واﻷﻣﻌﺎء‬،‫اﻟﺤﺮآﺎت اﻟﻼإرادﻳﺔ )اﻟﻘﻠﺐ‬ (٢ ‫ﺗﺮﺳﻴﺐ اﻟﺪهﻦ‬
 (٢
‫ﺣﺮارة ﻟﻠﻤﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ درﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارة اﻟﺠﺴﻢ اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ‬ (٣ ‫ﺗﻜﻮﻳﻦ اﻟﺮﻳﺶ‬ (٣
‫ﻃﺎﻗﺔ ﻟﺘﺒﺮﻳﺪ اﻟﺠﺴﻢ‬ (٤ ‫اﻟﺤﺮآﺔ اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ‬
 (٤
‫إﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﻠﺤﻢ‬ (٥
‫ اﻟﺒﻴﺾ‬‫إﻧﺘﺎج‬ (٦


‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬(Critical level)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬(Maintnance)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K

- ١٤ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬J ١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫ א‬J ٢
K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬J ٣
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E٢٩٨٢J ٣٠٢٤FL
 E٢٨٠٠J ٢٨٥٠F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K
 ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ E ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬W‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E١٢F‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬E٪٤J ٣F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KE١٥F

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

‫א‬KE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬(Trace Elements)‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٣
K‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬E‫א‬J ‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ E٤
K‫א‬ E٥
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٦
K‫א‬‫א‬ E٧
 W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 E‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

Vitamins ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
 K‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،E٪٨٠J ٦٠F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KE‫א‬٢W١F
 W‫א‬‫א‬E١
E ‫א‬٪٠{٣٥‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬E٢
E٥٩٥J ٥٧٠F٥٣٠J ٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬E٣
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬F
 K
Broiler Feeding W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
ECrumbles)‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬EMashF
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 Starter ‫א‬‫א‬ E١
Grower E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ E٢
Finisher E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ E٣
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


- ٢٠ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬E١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬E٪٧٥J ٦٠F‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬L E٢٩٥٦F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬LE٣٠٠٠F‫א‬
 K‫א‬LE٣٠٠٧F‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E F‫א‬‫א‬L E٣٣٠٠FL E٢٨٠٠F
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬J ١
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J ٢
 ‫א‬E٢
‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬E٪٢٤F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E F‫א‬‫א‬E
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٪٢١J ٢٠FE٪٢٢F
 W‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬FE٪٢٤J ٢٣F J ١
KE٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬FE٪٢٢J ٢٠F J ٢
 W‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

‫א‬  ‫א‬
E٪F‫א‬  EF
 ٢٤  ١
 ٢٤  ٢
 ٢٣  ٣
 ٢٢  ٤
 ٢١  ٥
 ٢٠  ٦

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬EMEF ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
FK ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  E‫א‬W‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢٦٤٠F
 KE٪٢٠F‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٣٢Z٢٠D٢٦٤٠W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٢٢ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬


 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ١٤٣J ١٣٢  EF
 ١٦٥J ١٥٢ EF
 W‫א‬‫א‬E٣
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫• א‬
‫• א‬
‫א‬ •
 ‫• א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬J 
‫א‬E١W١{٦F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٨F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E٪٣٠F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KEPhytinF
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٪٦٥J ٦٠F

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 W
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E١W٢{٢F ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ٪‫א‬ ٪‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬  ٠{٩  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٠{٤٠  ٠{٦   ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 Total Phosphorus ‫א‬‫א‬J ١
 Available Phosphorus‫א‬‫א‬J ٢
E٪٧٥F ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٪٣٠F‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
Availability Of Phosphorus ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬



- ٢٤ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬


‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ١١٠  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٩٦  ‫א‬
 ٩٦  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٩٠ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٧٥  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE،،
 ‫א‬J 
K‫א‬E٪٠{٣٥J ٠{٢٥F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ENaclF‫א‬
‫א‬E٪٠{٧FK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٪٨F‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬J 
 ‫א‬E٥٥F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٦٠J ٣٠F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EPerosis‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬Ataxia‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬E٥٥F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬




- ٢٥ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٧F  
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬ E٪F‫א‬‫א‬
  ١  ‫א‬
G
  ٠{٧  ‫א‬
GG
  ٠{١٥   ‫א‬
  ٠{٢٠  ‫א‬
 ٥٥  EF‫א‬
 ٥٠٠  EF‫א‬
 ٨٠  EF‫א‬
 ٤  EF‫א‬
 ٥٠  EF‫א‬
 ٠{١  EF‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬٪٠{٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬G

 K‫א‬‫א‬٪٠{٣٧‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬GG
 W‫א‬‫א‬
Sulfur ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

Iodine ‫א‬

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Potassium Iodid ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Flourine ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٪٠{٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 Iron & Copper ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬E١٠٥F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Magnesium ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

Dolomites‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬Wet droppings
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Selenium ‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬KEF‫א‬
‫א‬Encephalomalacia‫א‬‫א‬،Exudative diathesis
 K‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬KEF
١٦E‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬F
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
E ٤٥٤F‫א‬Sodium selenite ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬E٠{١F‫א‬‫א‬E١٠٢٣F٢٢٥٠


 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٤F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

Zinc  ‫א‬

،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬
٨٠{٥‫א‬F‫א‬E٪٥٧‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬E٢٠٠٠FE٣٠J ١٥F‫א‬KE٪

 ‫א‬E٤
KE ٨‫א‬F‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
EAF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 EEF










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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٨F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٠٠٠٠ ١٥٠٠٠  
 ١٠٠٠  ١٥٠٠  
٣

 ٢٥  ٣٠  

 ‫א‬٢  ‫א‬٣  
 ‫א‬٣  ‫א‬٣  ١ 
 ‫א‬٦  ‫א‬٨  
٢

 ‫א‬٤٠  ‫א‬٥٠  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬١٢  ‫א‬٢٠  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬٥  ‫א‬٧  ٦ 
 ‫א‬٢٠  ‫א‬٣٠  ١٢ 
 ‫א‬٠{٧  ‫א‬١{٥  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬١٠٠  ‫א‬١٥٠  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬١٣٠٠  ‫א‬١٥٠٠  ‫א‬
G
 ‫א‬٦٠  ‫א‬٦٠ E‫א‬F
K‫א‬EVitamin CFEF‫א‬‫א‬G

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬ 
 KE‫א‬KKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬F
Water Analysis ‫א‬
‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬E


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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

Maximum Levels In Water ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٩F
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
E١L‫א‬F

 ٢٥٠٠  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٥٠٠  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٥٠٠  ‫א‬
 ٢٥٠  ‫א‬
 ١٠٠٠  ‫א‬
 ٥٠٠  ‫א‬
 ١٥٠٠  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ١  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٢٠٠  ‫א‬‫א‬
   ‫א‬
 ٥٠٠  ‫א‬
 ١  ‫א‬
 ٥  ‫א‬
 ٥٠٠ E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
 ١٠٠٠ E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
   ‫א‬


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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬


Chlorinating Water ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٪٧٠J ٦٠F‫א‬‫א‬  
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬E١٠٠٠F‫א‬‫א‬E١٠F
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
     EF
 ٦J ٥  ٢٧J ١٨  ١
 ١٣J ١٠  ٥٩J ٣٧  ٢
 ٢٠J ١٥  ٩١J ٥٦  ٣
 ٢٦J ٢٠  ١١٨J ٧٥  ٤
 ٣٣J ٢٥  ١٥٠J ٩٤  ٥
 ٣٩J ٣٠  ١٧٧J ١١٣  ٦
 ٤٤J ٣٥  ٢٠٠J ١٣٢  ٧
 ٤٩J ٤٠  ٢٢٣J ١٥١  ٨
 ٥٢  ٢٣٦  ٩
 ٥٥  ٣٥٠  ١٠

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

Feed Conversion ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬?
 W
 E‫א‬٢{٢F‫א‬E‫א‬١F

 
(‫آﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﻌﻠﻴﻘﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﺔ )آﺠﻢ‬
 Z‫א‬‫א‬
‫وزن اﻟﺠﺴﻢ اﻟﺤﻲ ﻟﻠﻄﺎﺋﺮ‬

‫ آﺠﻢ ﻏﺬاء‬٢،٢
 ٢{٢ZZ
‫ آﺠﻢ وزن ﺣﻲ‬١

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L١
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬E١
 ‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
 E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
Genetics ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

Temperature ‫א‬‫א‬E٣
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Diseases ‫א‬‫א‬E٤
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Age & Weight ‫א‬‫א‬E٥
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Rodent Control ‫א‬‫א‬E٦
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Antibiotics & Medieations ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٧
 ‫א‬‫א‬
Size of Baby Chick ‫א‬‫א‬E٨
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Feed Wastage ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٩
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Over-all managenent ‫א‬E١٠
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Pelleted Feed ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١١
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 E١F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١١F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
 E٣F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬E٢F‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 LL
 ٪  LL ‫א‬L  LL  EF‫א‬  EF 

             

E٥F E٥F E٤ F E٤ F
٢٤ ٢٤ ٢{٩٧ ٢{٨٥ ٣٧  ٣٧ ٠{٧٥ ٠{٧٥ ١١{٦ ١١{٨ ١٠ ١٠{٢ ١٠٥ ١٠٧ ١

٢٤ ٢٤ ٥{٤٧  ٦{١٧ ٧٤  ٨٣ ١{٠٥ ١{٠٥ ٢٣ ٢٦ ١٧{٩ ٢٠{٥ ٢٣٠ ٢٥٠ ٢

٢٣{٥ ٢٣{٥ ٩{٣٥ ١٠{٩٤ ١٣٢ ١٥٠ ١{٢٨ ١{٢٨ ٤٠ ٤٧ ٢٥{٧ ٣٠ ٤١٠ ٤٦٠ ٣

٢٢{٥ ٢٣ ١١{٣٥ ١٤{٢٥ ١٦٣ ٢٠٠ ١{٤٧ ١{٤٧ ٥١ ٦٢ ٢٧{٢ ٣٤{٥ ٦٠٠ ٧٠٠ ٤

٢١ ٢٢ ١٢{٨ ١٦{٩٥ ١٩٥ ٢٤٧ ١{٦٩ ١{٦٣ ٦١ ٧٧ ٣٠ ٤٠ ٨١٠ ٩٦٠ ٥

١٩{٥ ٢١ ١٥{٥٣ ٢٠{١٩ ٢٥٥ ٣٢٠ ١{٧٧ ١{٧٣ ٨٠ ١٠٠ ٣٥{٧ ٤٨{٦ ١٠٦٠ ١٣٠٠ ٦

١٨{٥ ٢٠{٥ ١٧{٨٧ ٢٣{٣٧ ٣٢٠ ٣٨٠ ١{٩١ ١{٨٣ ٩٧ ١١٥ ٤٠ ٥٣ ١٣٤٠ ١٦٧٠ ٧

١٧{٥ ١٩ ١٩{٢٥ ٢٥{٤٨ ٣٦٥ ٤٤٥ ٢{٠٣ ١{٩٥ ١١٠ ١٣٥ ٤١{٤ ٥٦ ١٦٣٠ ٢٠٦٠ ٨
 K‫א‬K–‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬E١

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢

 K‫א‬‫א‬L٣٣٠٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L٣٢٠٠

 K٪٦٤Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٣

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬١٥F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٤٠‫א‬‫א‬E٤

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

١{٢١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١{٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٥

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 E‫א‬‫א‬FE١F‫א‬E١٢F
  E١٨F
 ‫א‬
   G
 ١٢٣٥  ١١٠٦  E٣F‫א‬
 ٢٥  J  E٪٢٠F
 ٤٢٠  ٦٠٥  E‫א‬F
 ٧٥  ٥٠  E٪٦٠F‫א‬
 ٥٠  ٥٠ E٥،٤F،E٪٦٥F،
 ٥٠  ٥٠  E٥FE٪٤٧F
 ٩  ١٠  E٦F‫א‬
 ١٤  ١٦  E٧F
 J  ٠{٨  Dl
 ١١٥  ١٠٦  
 E٧F  E٧F  E٤F
 E٨F  E٨F  ‫א‬
 E٩F  E٩F  ‫א‬‫א‬
 E١٠F  E١٠F  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٧٥  ٧٥  E١٥FEF
 ٢٥  ٢٥  
 ٠{١  ٠{١  E١٩F‫א‬‫א‬
   E١٢FW‫א‬G
٤٠٠٠٠٠٠ ٤٠٠٠٠٠٠ USP‫א‬
١٠٠٠٠٠٠ ١٠٠٠٠٠٠ ICU٣
 ٢٠٠٠  ٢٠٠٠  IU
 ١٠٠٠  ١٠٠٠  E٢٠F
 ١٢  ١٢ ١٢
 ٣٠٠٠  ٣٠٠٠ ‫א‬
 ٢٠٠٠٠ ٢٠٠٠٠ 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
  E١٨F
 ‫א‬
   
 ٥٠٠٠  ٥٠٠٠  ‫א‬
٦٧٢٠٠٠ ٥٠٣٠٠٠  
 ٢٠٠٠{١  ٢٠٠٠{٩  E٢FEF‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬G
   E‫א‬‫א‬F
 ١٥٠٠  ١٤٢٦ L‫א‬‫א‬
 ٢١{٠٩  ٢٤{٠٨  ٪‫א‬
 ١{٠٥  ١{٣٠  ٪‫א‬
 ٠{٣٨  ٠{٤٥  ٪‫א‬
 ٠{٧١  ٠{٨١  ٪‫א‬H‫א‬
 ٨{٩٢  ٨{٢٠  ٪‫א‬
 ٢{١١  ١{٩٧  ٪‫א‬
 ٠{٨١  ٠{٨٤  ٪‫א‬
 ٠{٦٠  ٠{٦٤  ٪‫א‬‫א‬
 ٠{٣٨  ٠{٤٠  ٪‫א‬‫א‬
   EL‫א‬F‫א‬G
 ٦٠٤٩  ٣٧٦٩ USP‫א‬‫א‬
 ٥٠٠  ٥٠٠ ICU٣
 ٢{٤٩  ٢{٤٤  ‫א‬
 ٢١{٣٣  ٢١{٣٦  
 ٥{٥١  ٥{٦٩  ‫א‬
 ٨٠٠{٤٨  ٨٠٠{٠٣  ‫א‬
 ١٤{٠٥  ٩{٥  II‫א‬

 New England College Conference Board 1980 W‫א‬

 ٠{٤٥٣٥٩٢Z١GKE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١F

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 KE٣J ٢F
‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EXanthophilF‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬L‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٥٥F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬EDL- Methionine) ‫א‬‫א‬ E٣
F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KE‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬(sorghumF‫א‬‫א‬ E٤
K‫א‬‫א‬ETanninsF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Lysine & Tryptophane ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٥
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KELeucine) ‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KPhytase





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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K
 W‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬E
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬E

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
 E‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٣F
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ١٧٠٠  ١٤٠٠  ١٤٠‫א‬
 ٩  ٨  ١٤٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٧٧  ١٦٣  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٢٦٥٠  ٢٥٥٠  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٢{٦٥W١  ٢{٥٥W١  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٤٧  ٤٤
 E١٢F‫א‬
٢٫٥ -٢٫٣  ١{٨  E٥٠٠F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٣٠  ١٢٠
 ‫א‬
 ٦٣{٥  ٦١  ‫א‬‫א‬


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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬ E١
 ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K
 E‫א‬F‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬E
KE٢٢F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E٣FK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬E٢١F‫א‬E٧F‫א‬
 W‫א‬E
 KE١٣J ١٢F‫א‬E٢٢F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF



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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 WE١
‫א‬‫א‬E٨ -٦F‫א‬‫א‬
KL
 E٢٩٠٠٢٧٥٠FE٪١٨F‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ J 
 W٣‫א‬
E٢٩٧٠ -٢٨٠٠F،E٪٢٠ -١٨F   J ١
 KL
KEFE٪٥F‫א‬‫א‬ J ٢
KE‫א‬F‫א‬ J ٣
K LE٥ -٣F J ٤
 ‫א‬‫ א‬J 

 WE٧FE٤F
 KEL١٣٥٠FLE٢٧٠٠FE٪١٨F J ١
KE٪٥J ٤F‫א‬،E٪٠{٦F‫א‬‫א‬،E٪٠{٩F‫א‬ J ٢
KE٤،٣،٢F J ٣
Protein Energy Relationship ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 WE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬

- ٤٢ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٤F
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫ א‬  
‫א‬‫א‬
EF‫א‬  EF‫א‬  ٪   
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK  ٦٧{٥  ٢٠  ٢٩٧٠  ١٣٥٠ ٣٥J 

‫א‬


 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٥F
 
 ‫א‬
E٣٥J F
 ٪
 ٥
 ١٨  ‫א‬
 ١  ‫א‬
 ٠{٧  ‫א‬H‫א‬
 ٠{٨٥  ‫א‬
G
 ٠{٣٢ E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
 ٠{٦  ‫א‬H‫א‬
 ٠{١٧  ‫א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 K١٩٧٧‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬NRCW‫א‬

 ‫א‬G
L‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬GG

 K‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٦F
E٨F٥٦‫א‬‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ EF  ٪
   ٠{٩  ‫א‬
   ٠{٧  E‫א‬F‫א‬
   ٠{١٥  ‫א‬
   ٠{٢  ‫א‬
 ٥٥  ٢٥   ‫א‬
 ٦٦٠  ٢٧٣  ‫א‬
 ٨٠  ٣٦  ‫א‬
 ٤  ١{٨  ‫א‬
 ٤٠  ١٨  ‫א‬
 ٠{١  ٠{٠٥  ‫א‬
٥٦‫א‬‫א‬
 E٨F  ‫א‬
‫א‬  
 ١٥٠٠  ٦٨٢  I.U.EF
 ٢٠٠  ٩١  I.C.U.EF
 ١٠  ٤{٦  I.U.EF
 ٠{٥  ٠{٢٢  EFE١F
 ١{٨  ٠{٨٢  EF‫א‬
 ٣{٦  ١{٦  EF‫א‬
 ١٠  ٤{٦ EF‫א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ٢٧  ١٢{٣  EF‫א‬
 ٣  ١{٤  EF‫א‬
 ٠{١٥  ٠{٠٦٧  EF‫א‬
 ١٣٠٠  ٥٩١  EF‫א‬
 ٠{٠٠٩  ٠{٠٠٤  EF١٢
 K١٩٧٧‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬NRC W‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬E٢
(٢١ -٢٠FE٨ -٧F  
 WK‫א‬
 WE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ELK٢٧٠٠٪١٦FE١٢ -٧FW‫א‬‫א‬J ١
E٪١٤ -١٣FE٢٠FE١٣FW‫א‬‫א‬J ٢
 LK٢٦٠٠،
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 K٪٤ -٣ ‫א‬‫א‬ J ١
K٪٠{٩‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J ٢
٪٨ -٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J ٣
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E١٧F‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٧F
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 E٢٠J ١٥F   E١٤J ٦F
 ١٢{٠٠  ١٥{٠٠  ‫א‬
 ٠{٦٧  ٠{٨٣  ‫א‬
 ٠{٤٧  ٠{٥٨  ‫א‬H‫א‬
 ٠{٤٥  ٠{٦٠  ‫א‬
 ٠{٢١  ٠{٢٧  ‫א‬
 ٠{٤٠  ٠{٥٠  ‫א‬H‫א‬
 ٠{١١  ٠{١٤  ‫א‬
 ١٩٧٧‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬NRCW‫א‬  

  E٢٠F–E٥FF‫א‬
E٢٠F‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٣٠٠ELF‫א‬‫א‬
 ٢٨٦٠ELF‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٤‫א‬
 ٩٣‫א‬L‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٩F‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬


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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J ١
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J ٢
F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J ٣
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،E
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ J ٤
 ‫א‬‫א‬ J ٥
‫א‬‫א‬،
K‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J ٦
K‫א‬‫א‬ J ٧

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

E١F
 E٢٠FE٥F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٨F
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬ E٢١F
 EF F  ٪‫א‬
E٪F‫א‬ EF EF EF
 E

 ٤٧{٨  ٦٥{٤  ١٧٤  ١٨{٥  ٢{٥٥  ٩٥٩  ٩

 ٤٧{٦  ٦٦{٩  ١٦٩  ١٨{٢  ٢{٧  ٩٥٩  ١٢
 ٤٨  ٦٥{٦  ١٦٧  ١٦{٤  ٢{٧٦  ٩٥٩  ١٦
 ٤٧{٣  ٦٤{٩  ١٧٩  ١١  ٢{١٤  ١٢٨٨  ٩
 ٤٧{٧  ٦٧{٤  ١٦٨  ١٢{٦  ٢{٧٣  ١٢٨٨  ١٢
 ٤٧{٢  ٦٧{٢  ١٦٤  ١٢{٣  ٢{٩٤  ١٢٨٨  ١٦
 ٤٧{٨  ٦٦{١  ١٦١  ١٢{١  ٣{٠١  ١٢٨٨  ٢٠
 ٤٨{١  ٦٦{١  ١٦٠  ١٢{١  ٢{٩٥  ١٢٨٨  ٢٥
 ٤٧{٦  ٦٦{٤  ١٦٦  ١٠{٩  ٢{٩٣  ١٦١٦  ١٦
 ٤٨  ٦٨{٤  ١٦٠  ١٠{٦  ٢{٩٨  ١٦١٦  ٢٠
 E١F

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢F

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٣F

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 

 K‫א‬‫א‬J 




- ٤٩ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 E ٢١  -‫أﺳﺎﺑﻴﻊ‬٥F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K
 E٪١٢F، E١٤FE٥FE٪١٥F‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬٪١٣‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 E١٩F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬

E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٩F
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
E٢٠ -١٦F E١٦ -١٢F E١٢ -٦F E٢٠ -١٤F E١٤ -٦F  ‫א‬
         

 ١٣١٨  ١٣١٨  ١٣١٨  ١٣١٨  ١٣١٨  ELF

 ٢٩٠٠  ٢٩٠٠  ٢٩٠٠  ٢٩٠٠  ٢٩٠٠  ELF
 ١٣  ١٤  ١٥  ١٣  ١٥  E٪F‫א‬
 ١٠١  ٩٤  ٨٨  ١٠١  ٨٨  EF‫א‬L‫א‬
 ٢٢  ٢١  ١٩  ٢٢  ١٩ L


- ٥٠ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 E٢٠ - ٨F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢٠F
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬    ٪
   ٠{٦  ‫א‬
   ٠{٤  E١F‫א‬
   ٠{١٥  E٢F‫א‬
   ٠{١٦  ‫א‬
 ٢٥  ١١{٤   EF‫א‬
 ٤٠٠  ١٨٢   EF‫א‬
 ٤٠  ١٨{٢   EF‫א‬
 ٣  ١{٤   EF‫א‬
 ٣٥  ١٥{٩   EF‫א‬
 ١  ٠{٠٥٦   EF‫א‬
 ١٥٠٠  ٦٨٢   EFEF
 ٢٠٠  ٩١   EFEF
 ٥  ٢{٣   EFEF
 ٠{٥  ٠{٢٢   EF١
 ١{٣  ٠{٥٩   EF‫א‬
 ١{٨  ٠{٨٢   EF
 ١٠  ٤{٥٥   EF‫א‬
 ١١  ٥   EF‫א‬
 ٣  ١{٣٦   EF‫א‬
 ٠{١  ٠{٠٤٥   EF‫א‬
 ٥٠٠  ٢٢٧   EF‫א‬
 ٠{٠٠٣  ٠{٠٠١٤   EF١٢
 EF٪٠{٣٧E٢FK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٪٠{٥‫א‬E١F

 K١٩٧٧‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬NRCW‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 KE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫ א‬J ١
KE‫א‬F‫א‬ J ٢
K‫א‬‫א‬ J ٣
K‫א‬ J ٤
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ J ١
KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ J ٢
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬J ٣
 W‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ J ١
KE‫א‬‫א‬٪١١{٣‫א‬٤{٥‫א‬F‫א‬ J ٢
KE ١٢١F‫א‬ J ٣
KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٪١{٢٢{٣F‫א‬ J ٤
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬J ٥

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

K‫א‬ J ٦
K‫א‬ J ٧

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٥٦٧J ٤٥٤F
 ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 WJ ١
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٪١٥E٪٥٠F
 K٪١٦E٪٧٠J ٥٠F
 K٪١٧E٪٩٠J ٨٠F
 W‫א‬J ٢
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٪١٧F‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٥٦FE١٣F‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
Phase Feeding Of Egg-type Layers ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E١٠F‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Number Of Feeding Phases ‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬

 K‫א‬ E٢٠FWE١F‫א‬
 K‫א‬E٤٠F‫א‬E٢١F‫א‬‫א‬WE٢F‫א‬
 K‫א‬E٤٠F‫א‬WE٣F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢١F
 ‫א‬
 E٣F  E٢F  E١F
 ‫א‬
٤٠ ٢٠ ١
   ٤٠  ١٩
 ١٤{٥  ١٥  ١٥{٥  E٪F‫א‬‫א‬

 ١٣٠٠  ١٣٠٠  ١٣٠٠  ‫א‬

 ٢٨٦٠  ٢٨٦٠  ٢٨٦٠  ‫א‬‫א‬

 ٢٨٣  ٢٩٨  ٣٠٢ ‫א‬

 J  J  ٩٠H  E٪F‫א‬

 ٦٤{٥  ٧٦{٥  ٧٥{٧  E‫א‬LF‫א‬٪

 ٠{٢١٧  ٠{٢٢٩  ٠{٢٣٩  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ٩٩  ١٠٤  ١٠٩  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ١٤{٤  ١٥{٦  ١٦{٨  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 K١{٧٥٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢٢F
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ٦٠  L  L

 ٣{٥  ٢١٠  ٣٨{٣  ١٠٥  ١٨٣  ٪٥٠

 ٣{١١  ١٨٧  ٤٠{٩  ١١٢  ٢١٩  ٪٦٠

 ٢{٨٣  ١٧٠  ٤٣{٤  ١١٩  ٢٦٥  ٪٧٠

 ٢{٦٣  ١٥٨  ٤٦  ١٢٦  ٢٩٢  ٪٨٠

 ٢{٤٦  ١٤٨  ٤٨{٥  ١٢٣  ٣٣٩  ٪٩٠

 ‫א‬E١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
٪٠{٩‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬EF
 K‫א‬٪٣{٥‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢٣F
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬E٤٠F ‫א‬E٤٠J ٢١F

 ٣{٥  ٣{٢٥  E٪F‫א‬

 ٠{٥  ٠{٥  E٪F‫א‬‫א‬
 ٠{١٥  ٠{١٥  E٪F‫א‬
 ٠{١٥  ٠{١٥  E٪F‫א‬
 ٥٠  ٥٠  EL‫א‬F‫א‬
 ١١٠  ١١٠  EL‫א‬F‫א‬
 ٢٣  ٢٣  EL‫א‬F‫א‬
 ٥٠  ٥٠  EL‫א‬F‫א‬
Calcium Requirement  ‫א‬‫א‬
،E٪٠{٦FE٪٠{٩F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ •

‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٪٦٠F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٪٤٠F‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬ J ١
KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬ J ٢
KE‫א‬‫א‬E٤٠FF‫א‬ J ٣
KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J ٤
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ J ٥
 KE
 ‫א‬E٢
‫א‬EPhytinF
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٪٥٠‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬KE٪٠{٥FE
 ‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 KE٪٠{٢٠{١F
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
 EWF‫א‬W‫א‬
 K‫א‬E١FE٩F‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 K١٠٠٠E٣٠ -١٥F‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 K١٠٠٠E٥٠ -٣٠F‫א‬
 EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬E٧٥ -٥٠F
Fat In The Layer Ration ‫א‬‫א‬E٣
E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F
،
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٪٥ -٤F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Protien Requirements For Egg ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٤
 Production
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E٪٢٠J ١٨F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،E٪١٣F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E٪١٩FE١٧F‫א‬
 KE٪١٤F


- ٥٨ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

E١F
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢٤F
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬

EF‫א‬‫ א‬ L L  ٪‫א‬ ‫א‬    

 ١١{٣  ٥٢  ٢٢  ٣٢  ١{٤٥  ٣{٤  ٦J 

 ١٦{٦  ٥٤{٣  ٢٣  ٩٢  ١{٥٩  ٣{٥  E‫א‬F٩J ٧

 ١٦{٣  ٥٦{٧  ٢٤  ٨٨  ١{٦٤  ٣{٦  ٢٢J ١٠

 ١٥{٤  ٥٩{١  ٢٥  ٧٩  ١{٦٨  ٣{٧  ٣٥J ٢٣

 ١٤{٥  ٦١{٤  ٢٦  ٧٠  ١{٧٣  ٣{٨  ٤٨J ٣٦

 ١٣{٦  ٦٣{٨  ٢٧  ٦٤  ١{٧٧  ٣{٩  ٦٠J ٤٩

 ‫א‬‫א‬E١F


Amino Acids ‫א‬‫א‬
K  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٥٩ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢٥F
‫א‬‫א‬ E٪F‫א‬‫א‬
 ٠{٨  ‫א‬
 ٠{٥ ‫א‬H‫א‬
 ١{٢  ‫א‬
 ٠{٢٧  ‫א‬ ‫أﺣﻤﺎض أﻣﻴﻨﻴﺔ آﺒﺮﻳﺘﻴﺔ‬

 ٠{٥ ‫א‬H‫א‬
 ٠{١١  ‫א‬
 ١٩٧٧‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬NRCW‫א‬


Total Sulfur Amino Acids (TSAA)  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KE
 ‫א‬H‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KE١٤F‫א‬H‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬٦٨٠‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٦٥٠‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬
 K‫א‬٦٣٠‫א‬




- ٦٠ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

ME / P Ratio W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢٦F
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ E‫א‬LF‫א‬
 EF  ٪    ٪
 ٧٥{٧  ١٧  ٢٩١٥  ١٣٢٥  ٨٠
 ٧٨{٧  ١٦  ٢٨٦٠  ١٣٠٠  ٨٠J ٧٠
 ٨٢{٢  ١٥{٥  ٢٨٠٥  ١٢٧٥  ٧٠

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٥
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢٧F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬ 
 ٤٠٠٠  ١٨١٨ IU  EF
 ٥٠٠  ٢٢٧ ICU  EF
 ٥  ٢{٣ IU  EF
 ٠{٥  ٠{٢٣    E١F
 ٠{٨  ٠{٣٦    ‫א‬
 ٢{٢  ١    ‫א‬
 ٢{٢  ١   ‫א‬
 ١٠  ٤{٦    ‫א‬
 ٣  ١{٤    ‫א‬
 ٠{١  ٠{٠٥    ‫א‬
 ٥٠٠  ٢٢٧    ‫א‬
 ٠{٠٠٣  ٠{٠٠١    ١٢
 ١٩٧٧‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬NRCW‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
Xanthophylls & Egg-yolk Color
Darker Shades‫א‬EXanthophylls)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
(HydroxycarotenoidsF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Sources Of Xanthophylls  ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬KELutein)‫א‬  ‫א‬ 
E٪٢٠F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KE٪١٧F
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KZeaxanthin‫א‬E٪٣٠FE٪٧٠F‫א‬‫א‬
 (Beta-apo-8-carotenal)٨‫א‬
K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Canthaxanthin‫א‬
 K ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

Measuring Egg-yolk Color 

 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬(Roche FanFK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬١٥١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E١F
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢٨F
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 
 ٧٠٠٠  ٣١٨٢  ‫א‬
 ٢٠٠٠  ٩٠٩  E‫א‬F‫א‬
 ٢٤٠  ١٠٩  E٪٢٠F
 ٢٠٠  ٩١  E٪١٧F
 ٢٧٠  ١٢٢  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٣٥٠  ١٥٩  E٪٦٠F‫א‬
 ١٣٢  ٦٠  E٪٤١F‫א‬
 ٢٢  ١٠  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

E٢F
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢٩F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
  Roche Fan 
 ١٣{٦  ٦{٢  ٥
 ٢٧{٥  ١٢{٥  ٧
 ٤١{٨  ١٩  ٩
 ٥٦{٥  ٢٥{٧  ١١
 ٧٢{٤  ٣٢{٩  ١٣
 ٩٣{٧  ٤٢{٦  ١٥
 ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬E٢FE١F

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬E١
 K‫א‬‫א‬E٢
  K‫א‬‫א‬E٣
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬E١٠٠F‫א‬‫א‬E٢٢٧F
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬KE٤FE١٠٠FE٩٠٨F
 K

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 E‫א‬F‫א‬
Feeding Breeding Birds
 WE‫א‬F‫א‬
 W‫א‬E١
 KE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬E٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬W
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 ‫א‬‫א‬J ١
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K١
 ‫א‬‫ א‬K٢
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬J ٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
 K

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ١
 K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


EF‫א‬‫ א‬‫א‬
 ٤ ٢١ -١

 ٥  ٢٥ -٢٢
 ٩  ٤٩ -٣٦
 ١٠ ٥٠H


‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬J ٣
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
      ‫א‬
 9  9  9  9  9  9  9  
×  9  9  9  9  9  9  ١J ٦
×  9  9 ×  9  9  9  ٢J ٥
×  9 ×  9 ×  9  9  ٣J ٤
 9 ×  9 ×  9 × 9 
 E× F    E9FW‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٥٠F‫א‬‫א‬E١٠٠٠F‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 ٥٠W J ١
٥٨{٥WE١ -٦F J ٢
٧٠WE٢ -٥F J ٣
٨٧{٥WE٣-٤F J ٤
١٠٠W J ٥
 W
 KE٥ -٣F‫א‬ E١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٢
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W
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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KL١٦٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E١٦٠F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 EF‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EAdlibitumF‫א‬ E١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬W٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٢
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬WE٨FE٧F‫א‬‫א‬ E٣
K
‫א‬‫א‬٪١٥ -١٤WE١٧FE٩F‫א‬‫א‬ E٤
KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE١٩FE١٨F‫א‬‫א‬ E٥
K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬٪١٨W‫א‬ E٢٠F‫א‬‫א‬ E٦
KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬W
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ E١
‫א‬E٧٥٠J ٧٠٠F‫א‬ E٢
KE‫א‬١F
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٣
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٤
K‫א‬‫א‬E٢٣J ٢١F‫א‬‫א‬ E٥
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٦
K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٧
K‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٣٠F‫א‬‫א‬ E١
K٣‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٢
K‫א‬٪٥‫א‬٪٣‫א‬‫א‬ E٣
KE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٤
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬٢٠ ٤‫א‬‫א‬ E٥
KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٦
 ٤‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬ E٧
KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٨
،E٥F‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬،E٦F‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٩
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE٢٣FE٢١F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١٠
KWE٢٤F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١١
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١٢
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١٣
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬

- ٧٢ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١٤
‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬
‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Z
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Z
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬D
‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬
‫א‬D‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬


- ٧٣ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 E١F‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 WW
 ‫א‬٥٧٥{٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬٢٨٧  ٪٤٤
 ‫א‬١٠٠  
 ‫א‬١{١  
 ‫א‬٣٠  
 ‫א‬٥  
 ‫א‬١{٧  
 ‫א‬١٠٠٠  

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬








- ٧٤ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬WG
Z
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ٪٥{١١ Z
٨٫٩٠ × ٥٧٥٫٢
Z‫ﺑﺎﻟﺬرة‬ ‫آﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﺬرة اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮدة ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻠﻴﻘﺔ × ﻧﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﺒﺮوﺗﻴﻦ اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮدة ﻓﻲ‬

١٠٠٠ ‫ ﻃﻦ ﻋﻠﻒ‬١


 ٪١٢{٦٢ZZ‫א‬‫א‬
٤٤ × ٢٨٧
١٠٠٠  

 ٪٥{٢ZZ ‫א‬‫א‬
٥٢ × ١٠٠
١٠٠٠ 
 ٪٠{٠٢ZZ
٥٫٩ × ٥ ‫א‬‫א‬
١٠٠٠ 

 ٪٢٢{٩٥Z
 
 LW‫א‬‫א‬WG
‫ آﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﺬرة اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮدة ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻠﻴﻘﺔ × ﻧﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﺒﺮوﺗﻴﻦ اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮدة‬ Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫ﺎﻟﺬ ة‬
‫ ﻃﻦ ﻋﻠﻒ‬١ 
 L ٨٧٨{٣  Z 
١٥٢٧ × ٥٧٥٫٢   Z    
١٠٠٠

١٠١٦ × ٢٨٧
 ٢٩١{٥٩٢Z  
١٠٠٠
 Z  ‫א‬‫א‬

١٠١٦ × ١٠٠

 ١٠٦{٦Z  
١٠٠٠
 Z ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

٤٠٣٢ × ٣٠
 ١٢٠{٩٦Z    Z  ‫א‬‫א‬
١٠٠٠

 L١٣٩٧{٤٥٢Z

- ٧٥ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 WE١F
 KE‫א‬F‫א‬

       ‫א‬
 ٦٦٠  ٦٣٢  ٥٧٠  ‫א‬
 ٢١٤  ٢٤٤  ٢٩٠  
 ٦٠  ٦٤  ٧٥  
 ٤٤  ٣٧  ٤١  
 ٦{٧  ٧  ٧ ‫א‬
 ٧  ٨{٤  ٩  
 ٢{٥  ٢{٥  ٢{٥  
 ٢{٥  ٢{٦  ٢{٥  
 ٠{٦  J  ٠{٧  
 ٢{٧  ٢{٥  ٢{٣  
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٧٦ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫؟‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
       ‫א‬
    
   ELF

 WE٢F
 KE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
       ‫א‬
 ٧٠٢{٢  ٦٦٢  ٥٨٠  ‫א‬
 ١٦٤  ‫؟‬  ٢٨٧  ٪٤٤
 ١٠٠  ١٠٠  ١٠٠  
 ٠{٨  ١  ١  K
 ‫؟‬  ٣٠  ٣٠  
 ١  ١  ١  
 ١  ١  ١  
 ١  ٠{٤  J  

 ‫؟‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
       ‫א‬
  ٢٠{٠٩   ٪
 ٣٢٠١  ٣١٥٧   ELF


- ٧٧ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 E٢F‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٢
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٣
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٤
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٥
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ E٦
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٧
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٢
K‫א‬‫א‬ E٣
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬W‫א‬F
 EKKKKKKKKKKE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٧٨ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 E٣F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬
 K‫א‬EF
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٪‫א‬

 ٪‫א‬
 ٪‫א‬

 ٪‫א‬
 ٪‫א‬
 ٪‫א‬
 ٪‫א‬

 ٪‫א‬
 ٪‫א‬

‫א‬ ١٠٠٠L  ‫א‬‫א‬

LK  

            ‫א‬

            ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

            ‫א‬

            ‫א‬

            ‫א‬

            ‫א‬

            ‫א‬

            ‫א‬

            ‫א‬

            ‫א‬‫א‬

            

            ‫א‬

            ‫א‬

            ‫א‬

            ‫א‬‫א‬

            ‫א‬

            L٪‫א‬

 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫؟‬L٣٠٦٧٢٢{٩٨L١
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬٪٤٤‫א‬L٢
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L٣
 ‫؟‬EKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬FL٤
 L٥
 ‫؟‬E‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬]
 K[‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W
 EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
       ‫א‬
 ٨٩  ٢٠{٢٩  ٢٢{٥  

 ٣١٩٦  ٣١٢٠ 

 ٣٠٧٧ ELF


       ‫א‬
 ١٨{٥٨  ٢٠{٠٩  ٢٢{٩٨  
 ٣٠٦٧ 
 ٣٢٠١  ٣١٥٧
 ELF


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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KK…………‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E3F،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ 
      ‫א‬

J J J J J J J J J J J J J ١
J J J J J J J J J J J J J ٢
J J J J J J J J J J J J J ٣
J J J J J J J J J J J J J ٤
J J J J J J J J J J J J J ٥
J J J J J J J J J J J J J ٦
J J J J J J J J J J J J J ٧
J J J J J J J J J J J J J ٨
J J J J J J J J J J J J J ٩
J J J J J J J J J J J J J ١٠
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EFEF‫א‬،
 K‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 LLW‫א‬…………………………W‫א‬‫א‬
 ٤٣٢١‫א‬KK……………………………W‫א‬
 ١٠
 K‫א‬٪٨٠W‫א‬‫א‬K……………W‫א‬
K‫א‬٪١٠٠W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
 J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J ١
 J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J ٢
 J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J ٣
 J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J ٤
J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J ٥
J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J ٦
J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J ٧
J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J ٨

 ٪١٠٠‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬
 W


 W‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 
 E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F
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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬


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
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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 
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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
< ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،،،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬


 W‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٢
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٣

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٪٨٠F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٦FHE١٠F




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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫ א‬E١
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬E٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬E٣
K‫א‬‫א‬ E٤
K‫א‬‫ א‬E٥
K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬E٦
K E٧
 W‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬،،‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٨٨ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬

‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬

‫א‬  W‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬

‫א‬  W‫א‬
 EF‫א‬
 
 E‫א‬F‫א‬

E‫א‬F‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٢
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٢
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ E١
K‫א‬ E٢
K‫א‬ E٣
K‫א‬ E٤

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬


 ‫א‬‫א‬E
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W٪٩٠ -٦٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
K٪ ١٦ -٨‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٢
K٪ ٨٠ -٦٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٣
K٪ ٩٠ -٧٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٤
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬E ‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 WE‫א‬ ٣ -٢F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

K‫א‬ •
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
EN-No3F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬٪٠{٢٢
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Alfalfa ‫א‬‫א‬E
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
١٠ -٩‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٩ -٧
 K‫א‬٧ -٣‫א‬
٨-٥‫א‬٣٠ -٢٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٣ -٢‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٢
K‫א‬
‫א‬‫ א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ E٣
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬، 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٤
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬E
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬K
 K‫א‬‫א‬ ٥ -٣‫א‬
 ‫א‬E٢
‫א‬FE‫א‬F ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬٪١٥‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٢‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٠٠‫א‬


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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
٪٤٠ -٣٥‫א‬٪٨٪١٢‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٪٣٠ -٢٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬K‫א‬
K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬٪٥٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K٦٠‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬E٣
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E،F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ •
‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬

- ٩٤ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬٪١‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬٪٢٨ -٢٤‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ KE‫א‬‫א‬F
 W
‫א‬٤‫א‬W ‫א‬‫• א‬
 K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W  ‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬K
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬E٤
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  
K‫א‬٤ -٣‫א‬EPHZ٣{٥F‫א‬
 W
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

٪١٢‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٪٣٥ -٣٠F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬‫א‬E
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E،F‫א‬‫א‬
 W
 K •
K •
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 ،،،F‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،٪٧٥ -٦٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٪١٢ -٨‫א‬‫א‬
AD‫א‬KE‫א‬،‫א‬F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬٪٩٠‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬٪٥‫א‬٪٧٣‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٪٣‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬٪١٠{٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KD‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٪٦{٥‫א‬‫א‬٪٨٢‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬






 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٩F






 ‫א‬E٢٠F

 ‫א‬
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬K ٪١٠‫א‬
 ٪٦٠‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E ،،F‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٪٢‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

K٪٨٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 KD&A‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٪٦{٥٪٧٥‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬







 E٢١F
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
‫א‬K٪١٦ -١٢‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٪١٣ -٧‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬B
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬
 K٤٠٠ - ٣٠٠٣
٪٦‫א‬‫א‬،٪٥١ ٪١١‫א‬‫א‬
 K٪٤٥
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٪١٠ - ٥

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬٪٣٠ -٢٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬E،‫א‬،‫א‬F‫א‬٪٥٥ -٢٠
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬BE
 K‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬٪٥٠-٤٠‫א‬
 K٪٨٨‫א‬٪٤٥ -٤٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K١ -٠،٥‫א‬ ٣ -٢،٥‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬٪٢٠ -١٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

،‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KKKKK‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KB‫א‬E،F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،٪٧٠ -٦٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K٪١٣-٣‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٪٥٥ - ٤٥
‫א‬‫א‬ B‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،٪٨٠،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٪٥ -٤
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬
K٪٩٥٪٦٥‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

٪٢٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬
 KB‫א‬‫א‬٪٣{٥‫א‬٪٨‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٪٥،٪٣{٧،٪٣{٤‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
A‫א‬K٪٠{٨،‫א‬
 KB 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬W
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬G
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٪٣٥‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬G
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٪٤٦‫א‬Co(Nh2)2‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E ،‫א‬F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٠٠  ‫א‬٣٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٪٣٠‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬E١
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

E  ،F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٣
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٤
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٥
‫א‬E ،F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬E١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٣٠F
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬ 
 ١٣{٦  ١٢{٩  ١٤{١  E٪F
 ١٩{٥  ١٨{٦  ١٩{٣  E٪F
 ٣٥  ٣٦  ٣٥{٩  E٪F‫א‬‫א‬
 ٩  ١١{١  ١٠{٣ E٪F‫א‬‫א‬
 ٢٢{٩  ٢١{٤  ٢٠{٤  
 ٧٩{١  ٧٩{٣  ٧٧{٨  E٪F‫א‬

K‫א‬٪٦٠ -٢٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬٪١٥ -٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬



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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬E٢
‫א‬‫א‬٪٧٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٪٣٠J ٢٨‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
EB5F‫א‬EB2F‫א‬B‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ KEB6F‫א‬EB1F‫א‬
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

- ١٠٥ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫؛‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
 ‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٣١F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ٢J ١  
 ٧٠٠J ٥٠٠  
 ٥٠٠  
١٠٠٠J ٥٠٠  
 ٢٥٠  ،
 ١٢٥  ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬






- ١٠٦ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 WE،F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K ‫א‬
‫א‬KE ١٠٠ - ٧٠ - ٥٠ -٢٠ -١٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬FK
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠J ٥K ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٣
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬


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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٣٢F
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ١٠-١
 ١٠  ١٠٠-١١
 ١٥  ٢٠٠ -١٠١
 ٢٠  ٤٠٠ -٢٠١
 ٢٥  ٦٠٠ -٤٠١
 ٣٠  ٩٠٠ -٦٠١
 ٣٥  ١٢٠٠ -٩٠١
 ٤٠  ١٢٠٠
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬











- ١٠٨ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 WEF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٤
EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٣٣F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  EF‫א‬
 ٨  ٣
 ١٠   ٥ -٣
 ١٥   ١٠ -٦
 ٢٠  ٢٠ -١١
 ٢٥  ٣٠ -٢١
 ٣٠   ٤٠ -٣١
 ٣٥  ٦٠ -٤١
 ٤٠  ٦١
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬


- ١٠٩ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٣٤F
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ٥  ‫א‬
 ١  
 ٧٥٠ ،،
 ٥٠ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٥٠٠  EF‫א‬
 ‫א‬E
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١
K‫א‬ E٢
K‫א‬ E٣
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٤
K‫א‬‫א‬ E٥
 ‫א‬‫א‬E
KE ‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬KE ١F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬٤٨ -٢٤٦٠ -٥٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K ‫א‬


- ١١٠ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬E٢٢F‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬_ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٠٠CZ٪‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٠٠CZ٪‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

،،،F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KEKKKKKKKKK،


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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

Invivo  ‫א‬‫א‬

EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢٣F
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K١٠ -٧‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ١٠ -٦‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K
 ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


‫اﻟﺸﺮج‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻢ‬


‫اﻟﻐﺬاء‬
‫اﻟﺮوث‬ 


‫إﻓﺮازات ﺟﺴﻢ اﻟﺤﻴﻮان‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺰء اﻟﻤﻬﻀﻮم‬



 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢٢F

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬


 
 






 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢٣F
E٤  ‫א‬E٣  E٢   E١
 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١
 ‫א‬‫א‬J 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E،،F‫א‬‫א‬K
 K 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 
K  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬EInvitroF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 ‫א‬W
٦‫א‬٪٨٥
 ‫א‬‫א‬٧
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٪٤٠‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬_ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٠٠CZ٪‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬


٨٥
 ٥{٩٥ZC٧Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
١٠٠

٤٠
 ٢{٤ZC٦Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
١٠٠

 ٣{٥٥Z٢{٤_٥{٩٥Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

٣{٥٥
 ٪٥٩{٧Z١٠٠CZ٪‫א‬‫א‬
٥{٩٥


- ١١٥ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١
٣–٢{٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣{٥١٠٠
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٢
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٣
K
K‫א‬ E٤
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٥
K‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٦
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٧
 W‫א‬
F،EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬KE
 ‫א‬‫א‬G
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ١١٦ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬G
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Persons Square  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬W
 K٪١٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٪١٥F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
KE٪٣٥F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
KE٪٨F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٧Z٨–١٥F
KE‫א‬F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢٠Z١٥–٣٥F
KE‫א‬F


- ١١٧ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬



٣٥
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٧ 
 ١٥

٨
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٠ 
٢٧

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٪١٠٠٢٧‫א‬٢٠H‫א‬‫א‬٧
 ١٠٠٢٧
١٠٠ C٧
 K‫א‬‫א‬٪٢٦ZZEF‫א‬‫א‬٧
٢٧

 ١٠٠٢٧
١٠٠ C٢٠
 K‫א‬‫א‬٪٧٤ZZEF‫א‬٢٠
٢٧

 K٪٧٤H٪٢٦‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


- ١١٨ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬G
 K‫א‬–‫א‬W‫א‬‫• א‬
 K‫א‬–‫א‬W‫• א‬
 K‫א‬–‫א‬–‫א‬W‫• א‬
 K‫א‬W‫• א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬G
 K‫א‬G
 K‫א‬‫א‬G
 

- ١١٩ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬J
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 W‫א‬‫א‬J
..........................................................................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................................................................

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J
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 .....................................................................................................‫א‬‫א‬J
 W‫א‬J
  .................................................................................
.................................................................................

 ................................................................................. .................................................................................

 Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J

 Z‫א‬‫א‬J
.........................................................................................................................................

- ١٢٠ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬























- ١٢١ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KK…………‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E3F،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ 
      ‫א‬

J J J J J J J J J J J J ١
J J J J J J J J J J J J ٢
J J J J J J J J J J J J ٣
J J J J J J J J J J J J ٤
J J J J J J J J J J J J ٥
J J J J J J J J J J J J ٦
J J J J J J J J J J J J ٧
J J J J J J J J J J J J ٨
J J J J J J J J J J J J ٩
J J J J J J J J J J J ١٠
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EFEF‫א‬،
 K‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 LLW‫א‬…………………………W‫א‬‫א‬
 ٤٣٢١‫א‬KK……………………………W‫א‬
 ١٠
 K‫א‬٪٨٠W‫א‬‫א‬K……………W‫א‬
K‫א‬٪١٠٠W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
 J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J ١
 J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J ٢
 J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J ٣
 J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J ٤
J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J ٥
J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J ٦
J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J ٧
J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J ٨

 ٪١٠٠‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬
 W


 W‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 
 E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F






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
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


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
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
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
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

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬















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- ١٢٥ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 

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
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
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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬
E
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
٪١E
 ‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،LE ٢٠J ١٠F‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ J ١
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J ٢
K‫א‬ J ٣
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J ٤
K‫א‬ J ٥
K‫א‬ J ٦
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


 W‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١
K‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٢
EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٣
K‫א‬‫א‬


 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٪٨٠F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٢FHE٤F
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ E١
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٢
KEF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٣
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Growth-Stimulating Substances & Non Nutritive Feed Additives

Antibiotics ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬     ‫א‬
     ‫א‬
     ‫א‬
      
     
      

 W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬



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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٪١٠F‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬L‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٨F‫א‬‫א‬KE٪٢٥ -٥F‫א‬
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L
 W‫א‬‫א‬L
 K‫א‬‫א‬ E١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٢
K‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٣

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٤
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٥
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٩٥٠

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٢
K‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٣
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF E١
 KEFL‫א‬٢٠٠J ٨٠‫א‬
 K٤J ٣EFL‫א‬٤٠٠J ٢٠٠
‫א‬J E٢٠‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬ E٢
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٥J ٣L٣J ٠{٥‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 K‫א‬٥‫א‬KL‫א‬٥٠J ٢٥
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
Hormones ‫א‬
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 KE‫א‬
K  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F
 KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬




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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E‫א‬F‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Arsenicals
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KECumulative Effect) ‫א‬
Copper Sulphate ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L ٥٠٠‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

Growth Promoter ‫א‬

 W‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١
 K‫א‬
K‫א‬ E٢
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٣
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٤
K E٥
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٦
،‫א‬EWithdrawal Time)‫א‬ E٧
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 Enramycin (enramycin F 40 ) ‫א‬
 EL١٢٥J ٧٥F

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E‫א‬FEF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KEF
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،،‫א‬،،‫א‬F‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬
  E
 ،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WWhey Factor‫א‬ E١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WFish Factor E٢
K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬(SantuquinF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EB.H.T.)
  KEF،EF‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KL١J ٠{٥KEOptizyme-psF
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬
  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،E ،‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 ،
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬J ١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬EF‫א‬ J ٢
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J ٣
K‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ J ٤
K
 KE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬KEAvoparcineF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EMonensinF
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ J 
K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ١٣٨ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬EPPM ٢٠ - ٢ FE F‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٪١٠ - ٥F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،E٪١٠F‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
EMonensineF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EAvoparcineF‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ KE٪١٠F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


- ١٣٩ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬


 ‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬E٢
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KE
 ‫א‬،‫א‬F‫א‬
E٪١٠F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KE٪١٠F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J ١
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J ٢
K‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬ J ١
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J ٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬J ٣
K‫א‬

















- ١٤١ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
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 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ........................................................................................................................................................... J ١
........................................................................................................................................................... J ٢

- ١٤٢ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬ECFE3F
 E F ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ١
 E F  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ٢

- ١٤٣ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬























- ١٤٤ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KK…………‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E3F،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ 
      ‫א‬

J J J J J
١ J J J J J J J
J J J J J
٢ J J J J J J J
J J J J J
٣ J J J J J J J
J J J J J
٤ J J J J J J J
J J J J J
٥ J J J J J J J
J J J J J
٦ J J J J J J J
J J J J J
٧ J J J J J J J
J J J J J
٨ J J J J J J J
J J J J J
٩ J J J J J J J
J J J J J J J J J J J J ١٠
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EFEF‫א‬،
 K‫א‬

- ١٤٥ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 LLW‫א‬…………………………W‫א‬‫א‬
 ٤٣٢١‫א‬KK……………………………W‫א‬
 ١٠
 K‫א‬٪٨٠W‫א‬‫א‬K……………W‫א‬
K‫א‬٪١٠٠W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
 J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J ١
 J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J ٢
 J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J ٣
 J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J ٤
J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J ٥
J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J ٦
J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J ٧
J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J ٨

 ٪١٠٠‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬
 W
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 W‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 
 E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F

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- ١٤٧ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬

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- ١٤٨ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 

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


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- ١٤٩ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
< ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬E٪٧٠ -٦٠F
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ J ١
K‫א‬‫א‬ J ٢
K‫א‬‫א‬ J ٣
K‫א‬‫א‬ J ٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J ٥




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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٪٨٠F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 E٨FHE٦F
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
– ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


- ١٥٢ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٪٠{٥
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W
 ‫א‬E١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢{٥‫א‬‫א‬W
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬E٢
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٣
‫א‬K‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
Premixes ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬EMicro- ingredients F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬Carrier‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬
 
 K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬Premixes ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

 W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K

، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬


 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬ E٠{٥F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬EL‫א‬٥F‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٪٠{٥F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬
‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬E٧ - ٥F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 WE
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 WA
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬A‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬A‫א‬‫א‬
A‫א‬‫א‬ A ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬A , K
 K 
 WD3
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
،‫א‬ 
‫א‬K
 ٤–٣،
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬،،‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Electrostatic Electricity‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

Pelleting ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K
 EDieF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬E
 ‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬Crumbling ‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٥١٩٠F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬KE
‫א‬‫א‬،E٥١٩٠F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬



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 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬


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
 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬E٢٤F
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 ٤{٨‫א‬‫א‬E٢٥F


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 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬


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 ‫א‬‫א‬E٢٦F

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E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ 
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 ‫א‬‫א‬E٢٧F

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

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 ٩{٥‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬E٢٨F
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 KEF‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
IgnosalBentonite ‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E٪٢٠F ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ،E٪١٥ -١٠FK
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬E٪٢F‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E٪٢J ١F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬
 K
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


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 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

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Screenage ‫א‬E٢٩F
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‫ﺻﻮﻣﻌﺔ اﻟﺮﺟﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺻﻮﻣﻌﺔ اﻻﺿﻄﺮارﻳﺔ‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٢
KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٣
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٤
K‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٥
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٦
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٧
K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ E٨
K E٩
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١٠
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١١
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١٢
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١٣


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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ E١
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٢
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٣
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٤

 W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


Fines ‫א‬
 ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬






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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Form of Food ‫א‬‫א‬
 K،،‫א‬‫א‬
Mash Form ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EMashF‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬







 ‫א‬‫א‬E٣٠F

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 Particle size & its effect‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
Bulkiness aftects water consumption ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬
Pellet Form ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
DieJ  ‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،E‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
  ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬




















 ‫א‬E٣١F

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬K  ‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E٪٢٠١٠F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١
K‫א‬‫א‬ E٢
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٣
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٤
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٥
K‫א‬‫א‬ E٦

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF E٢
K‫א‬‫א‬ E٣
K‫א‬ E٤
K‫א‬‫א‬ E٥
Pellet Binders ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬ E١
KE‫א‬F‫א‬ E٢
KEF‫א‬ E٣
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٤
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٪٢{٥F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

Crumble Form ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬






 ‫א‬‫א‬E٣٢F

 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

Dietary Fiber in compressed Feeds ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 WL٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ١٠٠٠‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٣
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٤
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬E٥
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٦
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬


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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬






 ٪٢٣J ١E٣٣F





 ٪١٨J ٤E٣٤F

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬E٣٥F

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 Withdrawal Time ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬E٢
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٣
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬KK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KENRCF‫א‬
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬…‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

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 ‫א‬E٣٦F
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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٣٧F

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

‫א‬…E
 ‫א‬F‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬…‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

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K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٣٨F
 ‫א‬E١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

Sieve  ‫א‬E٢

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E٥-٤F‫א‬‫א‬E٥٫١ -٥F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
‫א‬‫א‬E٤٥F ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٥F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬E٣
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬








 ‫א‬‫א‬E٣٩F


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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
 K‫א‬‫• א‬
 K‫• א‬
 K‫• א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬










 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٤٠F


 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٤١F

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬…،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
‫א‬Hammer Mill‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬


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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬




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 ‫א‬E٤٢F
 ‫א‬W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
K
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
J ٥F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KE٧
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬


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 E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬E٤٣F
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K ‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F
 E‫א‬FW‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E٪٣F
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ E١
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬E٪٥F  ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٪٣F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٢
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ E٣
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬ E٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ١٨٥ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫ א‬E٥

٪٧{٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

- ١٨٦ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬W
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 ‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٢
K‫א‬








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 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٤٤F

 EF‫א‬‫א‬E٤٥F

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٤٦F

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬





 ‫א‬‫א‬E٤٧F

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬E ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬



- ١٩٠ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬




 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٤٨F
 WE‫א‬F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 F
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬







- ١٩١ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬










‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬J ‫א‬E٤٩F
 ‫א‬



 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٥٠F

- ١٩٢ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 KEMash Feed) ‫א‬EPelleted Feed) ‫א‬‫א‬E
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬G
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E
‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ E

 KE٥ -٣F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 K٤{٨J ٩{٥‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ •
K‫א‬

- ١٩٣ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 W
 ‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ ‫ א‬E١
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٢
 K‫א‬‫א‬ E٣
KEPelletF‫א‬‫א‬ E٤

 W
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ E١
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٣
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ١٩٤ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬
K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٤ -٣ F
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬W J ١
K‫א‬W J ٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  WEF J ٣
K‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J ٤
 K
  ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 ٪٧٠J ٦٠‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬°٢٢‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬E٢
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٣
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E٥‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ E٤
K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ E٢٠FE ‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ E٥
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬










 ‫א‬‫א‬E٥١F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٦
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٧
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ E٨
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٩
KE٦F‫א‬ E١٠
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١١
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫ א‬J
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬J
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬F‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬E١
 KE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬E٢
 K‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ E٣
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬E٢
 KE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬E٣
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬E٤
E ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬E٥
 K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬E٦

 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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 ‫א‬‫א‬
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 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ...................................................................................................................................................................‫א‬‫א‬
 .................................................................................................................................................................... ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬ECFE3F
 E F ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ١
 E F    ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ٢
 E F     ‫א‬EAFJ ٣


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 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬

- ٢٠١ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬




‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KK…………‫א‬‫ א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E3F،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
    

JJ J J J J J J J J J J ١
JJ J J J J J J J J J J ٢
JJ J J J J J J J J J J ٣
JJ J J J J J J J J J J ٤
JJ J J J J J J J J J J ٥
JJ J J J J J J J J J J ٦
JJ J J J J J J J J J J ٧
JJ J J J J J J J J J J ٨
JJ J J J J J J J J J J ٩
J J J J J J J J J J ١٠
‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E FEF‫א‬،
 K‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 LLW‫א‬…………………………W‫א‬‫א‬
 ٤٣٢١‫א‬KK……………………………W‫א‬
 ١٠
 K‫א‬٪٨٠W‫א‬‫א‬K……………W‫א‬
K‫א‬٪١٠٠W‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬
 J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J ١
 J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J ٢
 J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J ٣
 J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J ٤
J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J ٥
J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J ٦
J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J ٧
J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J ٨

٪١٠٠‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 W


 W‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 
 E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 

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  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE١F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L‫א‬‫א‬E٣٥F
   ‫א‬‫א‬
 EHF  EHF
‫א‬‫א‬٣٦   ٣٥  ‫א‬
٪١٢ ٪١٤ ٪١٨ ٪٢٠
       
 ١٤٨١  ١٤٣٨  ١٣١٠  ١٢٦٧  E٣،٢F‫א‬
 ٣٢٣  ٢٥٤  ٢٠٠  ١٣٠  
 ٢٥  ٢٥  ٢٥  ٢٥  E٪١٧F
 ١٠٤{٨  ٢١٧  ٣٠٩  ٤٢٢ E‫א‬F
 J  J  ٥٠  ٥٠ E٥،٤FE٪٦٥F،
 J  J  ٥٠  ٥٠  E٥FE٪٤٧F‫א‬‫א‬
 ١{٢  ١  J  J  
 ٢٩  ٣٠  ٩  ١٠  E٦F‫א‬
 ٢٩  ٢٨  ٢٠  ١٩  E٧F
 E١٦F  E١٦F  ٢٠  ٢٠  EF
 ٧  ٧  ٧  ٧  E٤F
 J  J  E٨F  E٨F  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E٩F  E٩F  E٩F  E٩F  ‫א‬‫א‬
 E١٠F  E١٠F  E١٠F  E١٠F  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٥٢  ٥٢  ٥٢  ٥٢  E١١FEF
 E٢٥F  E٢٥F  E٢٥F  E٢٥F  
 E١٢F‫א‬
٣٠٠٠٠٠٠ ٣٠٠٠٠٠٠ ٣٠٠٠٠٠٠ ٣٠٠٠٠٠٠  EUSP‫א‬F
١٠٠٠٠٠٠ ١٠٠٠٠٠٠ ١٠٠٠٠٠٠ ١٠٠٠٠٠٠  EICUF٣

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  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬
 EHF  EHF
‫א‬‫א‬٣٦   ٣٥  ‫א‬
٪١٢ ٪١٤ ٪١٨ ٪٢٠
       
 J  J  J  J  E٢٠F
 ٦  ٦  ٦  ٦  EF١٢
 ١٥٠٠  ١٥٠٠  ١٥٠٠  ١٥٠٠  EF
١٠٠٠٠ ١٠٠٠٠ ١٠٠٠٠  ١٠٠٠٠  EF
 ٤٠٠٠  ٤٠٠٠  ٤٠٠٠  ٤٠٠٠  EF‫א‬
٢٠٩٠٠٠ ١٢٥٠٠٠ ٢٩٨٠٠٠ ٢١٣٠٠٠  EF
 ٢٠٠٠٢٠٠٠٢٠٠٠٢٠٠٠E٢١FEF‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬E٢٧F‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٣٤٢  ١٣٤١  ١٣٦٢  ١٣٦١ LK  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٢{٠١  ١٤{٠١  ١٨{٠١  ٢٠{٠٣  ٪  ‫א‬
 ٠{٤٩  ٠{٦٣  ٠{٨٩  ١{٠٤  ٪  ‫א‬
 ٠{٢١  ٠{٢٤  ٠{٣٢  ٠{٣٤  ٪  ‫א‬
 ٠{٤١  ٠{٤٦  ٠{٥٩  ٠{٦٤  ٪  ‫א‬H‫א‬
 ٣{٧٤  ٣{٥٤  ٤{٧  ٤{٤٨  ٪  ‫א‬
 ٣{١٥  ٣  ٢{٨٣  ٢{٦٧  ٪  ‫א‬
 ٠{٩  ٠{٩  ٠{٩  ٠{٩  ٪  ‫א‬
 ٠{٦٥  ٠{٦٦  ٠{٦٦  ٠{٦٦  ٪  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٠{٤  ٠{٤  ٠{٤١  ٠{٤١  ٪ E١٣F‫א‬‫א‬
 EL‫א‬FW‫א‬
 ٤٤٣٠  ٤٣٨١  ٤٢٣٧  ٤١٨٨  EUSP‫א‬F

- ٢٠٨ -
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 EHF
 EHF
‫א‬٣٦
  ٣٥  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
٪١٢ ٪١٤ ٪١٨ ٪٢٠
       
 ٥٠٠  ٥٠٠  ٥٠٠  ٥٠٠  EICU‫א‬F٣
 ١{٦٢  ١{٦٤  ١{٧٦  ١{٧٨  EF
 ٢١{٨٤  ٢٠{٥٣  ٢٠{٤٩  ١٩{٠٨  EF
 ٤{٦٤  ٤{٧٢  ٥{٢٧  ٥{٣٤  EF‫א‬
 ٤١٩{٧٦  ٤٢٠{٢  ٦٠٠{١١  ٦٠٠{٢  EF‫א‬
 K‫א‬E٤F‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬E١F
 New England College Conference Board 1980W‫א‬













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  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 KE١F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٣٦F
 ‫א‬
 ٪١٩  ٪١٨  ٪١٧  ٪١٦  ٪١٥  ‫א‬
         
 ١١٧٧  ١٢٤٢  ١٣٣٩  ١٤٠٣  ١٤٥٧  E٣،٢F‫א‬
 ٢٥  ٢٥  ٢٥  ٢٥  ٢٥  E٪١٧F
 ٥٠٤{٦  ٤٥١{٦  ٣٩٣{٦  ٣٤٠{٦  ٢٩٢{٢ E‫א‬F
 ٥٠  ٥٠  ٥٠  ٥٠  ٥٠ E٥FE٪٤٧F‫א‬‫א‬
 ٠{٤  ٠{٤  ٠{٤  ٠{٤  ٠{٨  –DL
 ٧  ٧  ٨  ٨  ٩  ‫א‬
 ١٧٤  ١٧٤  ١٥٩  ١٥٩  ١٥٩  E٧F
 ٧  ٧  ٧  ٧  ٧  E٤F
 ٥٥  ٤٣  ١٨  ٧  J  
 E٩F  E٩F  E٩F  E٩F  E٩F  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٦  ١٦  ١٦  ١٦  ١٦  E١٧FEF
 ٥٢  ٥٢  ٥٢  ٥٢  ٥٢  E١١FEF
 E١٢FW‫א‬
٦٠٠٠٠٠٠ ٦٠٠٠٠٠٠ ٦٠٠٠٠٠٠ ٦٠٠٠٠٠٠ ٦٠٠٠٠٠٠  EUSP‫א‬F
٢٠٠٠٠٠٠ ٢٠٠٠٠٠٠ ٢٠٠٠٠٠٠ ٢٠٠٠٠٠٠ ٢٠٠٠٠٠٠  EICUF٣
 J  J  J  J  J  E٢٠F
 ٦  ٦  ٦  ٦  ٦  EF١٢
 ٢٠٠٠  ٢٠٠٠  ٢٠٠٠  ٢٠٠٠  ٢٠٠٠  EF
١٢٠٠٠ ١٢٠٠٠ ١٢٠٠٠ ١٢٠٠٠ ١٢٠٠٠  EF
 ٤٥٠٠  ٤٥٠٠  ٤٥٠٠  ٤٥٠٠  ٥٠٠٠  EF‫א‬
٩٤٠٠٠ ١٤٠٠٠٠ ١٨٤٠٠٠ ٢٣١٠٠٠ ٢٧٤٠٠٠  EF
 ٢٠٠٠٢٠٠٠٢٠٠٠٢٠٠٠٢٠٠٠E٢١FEF‫א‬

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  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 ٪١٩  ٪١٨  ٪١٧  ٪١٦  ٪١٥  ‫א‬
    
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
١٣٠٤{٥ ١٣٠٤{١ ١٣٠٣{٤ ١٣٠٣{٩ ١٣٠٦{٢ LK  ‫א‬‫א‬
١٩{٠١  ١٨ ١٧{٠١  ١٦ ١٥{٠٧  ٪  ‫א‬
 ٠{٩٨  ٠{٩١  ٠{٨٣  ٠{٧٥  ٠{٦٨  ٪  
 ٠{٣٢  ٠{٣١  ٠{٣  ٠{٢٩  ٠{٢٩  ٪  
 ٠{٦١  ٠{٥٩  ٠{٥٦  ٠{٥٤  ٠{٥٣  ٪  H
 ٥{٥٤  ٥{٠٥  ٣{٩٨  ٣{٥٤  ٣{٢٩  ٪  ‫א‬
 ٢{١٨  ٢{١٨  ٢{٢١  ٢{٢  ٢{٢  ٪  ‫א‬
 ٣{٥  ٣{٥  ٣{٢٤  ٣{٢٤  ٣{٢٥  ٪  ‫א‬
 ٠{٥٣  ٠{٥٢  ٠{٥٣  ٠{٥٢  ٠{٥٢  ٪  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٠{٤٥  ٠{٤٥  ٠{٤٥  ٠{٤٥  ٠{٤٥  ٪ E١٣F‫א‬‫א‬
 EL‫א‬FW‫א‬
 ٥٥٨٦  ٥٦٦٠  ٥٧٧٠  ٥٨٤٢  ٥٩٠٤  EUSP‫א‬F
 ١٠٠٠  ١٠٠٠  ١٠٠٠  ١٠٠٠  ١٠٠٠  E‫א‬F٣
 ١{٨٧  ١{٨٦  ١{٨٦  ١{٨٥  ١{٨٤  
١٥{٥٦  ١٥{٥ ١٥{٥٥ ١٥{٤٨  ١٥{٤  ‫א‬
 ٤{٩٥  ٥{٠٧  ٤{٩٩  ٤{٨٨  ٥{٠١  ‫א‬
٥٠٠{٤٨ ٥٠٠{٣٩ ٥٠٠{٠٥ ٥٠٠{٣٤ ٥٠٠{١٣  
 K‫א‬E٦F‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬E١F
 New England College Conference Board 1980W‫א‬

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  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

E١F
 E‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬E٣٧F
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 ٨ -٥ ٥ -٣،٥
٣،٦ -٢،٣ ٢،٣ -١،٦
 ١٣٦٦  ١٣١٣  E٣،٢F‫א‬
 ١٠٠  J  
 ٥٠  ٥٠  E٪١٧F
 ٢٠٨  ٣١٠  E‫א‬F
 ٧٥  ٦٠  E٥،٤FE٪٦٥F،
 ٥٠  ٥٠  E٥FE٪٤٧F‫א‬‫א‬
 J  ٢  ‫א‬
 ١٤٤  ١٥٧  E٧F
 J  ٠{٤  –DL
 E١٦F  ٥١  
 ٧  ٧  E٤F
 E٩F  E٩F  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٦  ١٦  E١٧FEF
 ٥٢  ٥٢  E١١FEF
 E٢٥F  E٢٥F  
 E١٢FW‫א‬
 ٤٠٠٠٠٠٠  ٤٠٠٠٠٠٠  EUSP‫א‬F
 ٢٠٠٠٠٠٠  ٢٠٠٠٠٠٠  EICUF٣
 ٢٠٠٠  ٢٠٠٠  EIUF
 J  J  E٢٠F


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 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 ٨J ٥ ٥J ٣{٥
٣{٦J ٢{٣ ٢{٣J ١{٦
 ٦  ٦  EF١٢
 ٣٠٠٠  ٣٠٠٠  EF
 ١٠٠٠٠  ١٠٠٠٠  EF
 ٦٠٠٠  ٦٠٠٠  EF‫א‬
 ١٩٧٠٠٠  ١٦٨٠٠٠  EF
 ٢٠٠٠٢٠٠٠{٤E٢١FEF‫א‬
 E٢٧FW‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٢٩٣  ١٣٤٢ LK  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٦{٠١  ١٧{٠١  ٪  ‫א‬
 ٠{٧٩  ٠{٨٧  ٪  
 ٠{٣  ٠{٣٣  ٪  
 ٠{٥٥  ٠{٥٩  ٪  H
 ٣{٧٢  ٥{٨٩  ٪  ‫א‬
 ٢{٧٢  ٢{٤٢  ٪  ‫א‬
 ٣{٠١  ٣{٢٤  ٪  ‫א‬
 ٠{٥٣  ٠{٥١  ٪  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٠{٤٦  ٠{٤٥  ٪  ‫א‬‫א‬
 EL‫א‬FW‫א‬
 ٦٠٥٠  ٥٩٩٠  EUSP‫א‬F‫א‬
 ١٠٠٠  ١٠٠٠  EICUF‫א‬٣

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 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 ٨J ٥ ٥J ٣{٥
٣{٦J ٢{٣ ٢{٣J ١{٦
 ٢{٥٥  ٢{٥١  EF
 ١٨{٠١  ١٥{٣٤  EF
 ٥{٨١  ٥{٧  EF‫א‬
 ٥٠٠{٣٩  ٥٠٠{٠٢  EF
 K‫א‬E٩F‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬E١F
 New England College Conference Board 1980W‫א‬

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  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬E٤٠٠FE٢٠٠F‫א‬ E٢
K  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،Hominy‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬EF٢٠٠{٠٠٠
،‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٣
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،٢٠٠٠١٠٠٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF
K‫א‬‫א‬٤{٠٠٠{٠٠٠٢{٠٠٠{٠٠٠‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٤
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٥
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬٪٥٠
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٦
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K٪١٨{٥‫א‬
K‫א‬،٪٣٥‫א‬‫א‬ E٧
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٨
F‫א‬،٤،٢،٢‫א‬،٦E٢،١F‫א‬ E٩
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬E 
،ECrazy ChickF‫א‬‫א‬E٪٠{٠١٢٥F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KE٢٠٠٠F٠{٢٥‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١٠

- ٢١٥ -
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

‫א‬،‫א‬٠{٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١١
‫א‬‫א‬ ،E٪٧٠F‫א‬٠{٢١
K‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١٢
‫א‬E١٠FE
 ‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E  ‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٠
K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٪٣٠F‫א‬‫א‬ E١٣
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٪٧٥F‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
KE٪١٠٠F‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١٤
K‫א‬
E٣F، E٧F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١٥
E
 ٪٧٠F‫א‬
K‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١٦
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬ E٪٢-١F‫א‬،‫א‬
K‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬E٢٩F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١٧
K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬E٢٠F
KE٢٤F‫א‬ E١٨
،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ E١٩
KEFKEF‫א‬٢٠٠

- ٢١٦ -
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢٠٠٠F‫א‬ E٢٠
K‫א‬‫א‬
 E٢٠F‫א‬ E٢١
‫א‬E٠{٣F‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ E٢٢
‫א‬KE
 ٪٧٠F‫א‬E٠{١٣F
K‫א‬
E٣٧F‫א‬‫א‬E٥٣F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٢٣
K‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٢٤
‫א‬E١٦F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬،‫א‬E٠{١F‫א‬
‫א‬E٩٠{٨F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E٪١٨F،‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬ E٢٥
E٢٠١٣F‫א‬E٪١٢F،E١٢٧FE٪١٤F،E٦F
K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٢٦
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٢١٧ -
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬E٣٨F
Production, Egg Wight, Mass, &Feed Consumption
 K‫א‬٥٢‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ٢٦٦،٦  ?‫א‬?ELF‫א‬
 ٢٢{٢  ??ELF‫א‬
 ٧٣  ELF٪‫א‬
 ٢٥{٢٤  ELF‫א‬
 ٦٠{١٢  EF‫א‬
 ٢٢{٩٨  EF‫א‬١٠٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٠{٤٥ EF‫א‬١٠٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٣{٧٨  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ١{٧٢  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٢{٣٨  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٢{٣٨ EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬












- ٢١٨ -
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 KE١F١٠٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٣٩F
 ELF
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ 
 ١٠٠ ‫א‬  ١٠٠ 
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬
               
٢٠،٣ ٤٤،٧ ١٠،٤ ٢٣ ٢٧ ٠،٦ ١،٢ ٧،٧ ١٧ ١
٢١،١ ٤٦،٣ ١٠،٤ ٢٣ ٢٨ ١،٢ ٢،٧ ٩،٥ ٢١ ٢
٢١،٨ ٤٧،٩ ١٠،٤ ٢٣ ٢٩ ٢ ٤،٣ ١٠،٤ ٢٣ ٣
٢٢،٥ ٤٩،٥ ١٠،٤ ٢٣ ٣٠ ٢،٧ ٦ ١٠،٩ ٢٤ ٤
٢٣،٢ ٥١،١ ١٠،٤ ٢٣ ٣١ ٣،٥ ٧،٧ ١١،٤ ٢٥ ٥
٢٤ ٥٢٫٧ ١٠،٤ ٢٣ ٣٢ ٤،٣ ٩،٥ ١١،٨ ٢٦ ٦
٢٤،٧ ٥٤،٣ ١٠،٤ ٢٣ ٣٣ ٥،١ ١١،٣ ١١،٨ ٢٦ ٧
٢٥،٤ ٥٥،٩ ١٠،٤ ٢٣ ٣٤ ٥،٩ ١٣ ١١،٤ ٢٥ ٨
٢٦،١ ٥٧،٥ ١٠،٤ ٢٣ ٣٥ ٦،٧ ١٤،٨ ١١،٤ ٢٥ ٩
٢٦،٩ ٥٩،٢ ١٠،٤ ٢٣ ٣٦ ٧،٥ ١٦،٦ ١١،٤ ٢٥ ١٠
٢٧،٦ ٦٠،٨ ١٠،٤ ٢٣ ٣٧ ٨،٣ ١٨٫٣ ١١،٤ ٢٥ ١١
٢٨،٤ ٦٢،٤ ١٠،٤ ٢٣ ٣٨ ٩،١ ٢٠ ١١،٤ ٢٥ ١٢
٢٩،١ ٦٣،٩ ١٠ ٢٢ ٣٩ ٩،٩ ٢١،٨ ١٠،٩ ٢٤ ١٣
٢٩،٨ ٦٥،٥ ١٠ ٢٢ ٤٠ ١٠،٧ ٢٣،٥ ١٠،٩ ٢٤ ١٤
٣٠،٥ ٦٧ ١٠ ٢٢ ٤١ ١١،٥ ٢٥،٢ ١٠،٩ ٢٤ ١٥
٣١،١ ٦٨،٥ ١٠ ٢٢ ٤٢ ١٢،٢ ٢٦،٨ ١٠،٩ ٢٤ ١٦
٣١،٩ ٧٠،١ ١٠ ٢٢ ٤٣ ١٣ ٢٨،٥ ١٠،٩ ٢٤ ١٧
٣٢،٦ ٧١،٦ ١٠ ٢٢ ٤٤ ١٣،٧ ٣٠،٢ ١٠،٩ ٢٤ ١٨
٣٣،٣ ٧٣،٢ ١٠ ٢٢ ٤٥ ١٤،٥ ٣١،٨ ١٠،٤ ٢٣ ١٩
٣٣،٧ ٧٤،٢ ١٠ ٢٢ ٤٦ ١٥،٢ ٣٣،٤ ١٠،٤ ٢٣ ٢٠
٣٤،٦ ٧٦،٢ ١٠ ٢٢ ٤٧ ١٥،٩ ٣٥ ١٠،٤ ٢٣ ٢١
٣٥،٤ ٧٧،٨ ١٠ ٢٢ ٤٨ ١٦،٦ ٣٦،٦ ١٠،٤ ٢٣ ٢٢
٣٦،١ ٧٩،٣ ١٠ ٢٢ ٤٩ ١٧،٤ ٣٨،٢ ١٠،٤ ٢٣ ٢٣
٣٦،٧ ٨٠،٨ ٩،٥ ٢١ ٥٠ ١٨،١ ٣٩،٨ ١٠،٤ ٢٣ ٢٤
٣٧،٤ ٨٢،٣ ٩،٥ ٢١ ٥١ ١٨،٨ ٤١،٤ ١٠،٤ ٢٣ ٢٥
٣٨،١ ٨٣،٧ ٩،٥ ٢١ ٥٢ ١٩،٦ ٤٣،٥ ١٠،٤ ٢٣ ٢٦

- ٢١٩ -
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 K‫א‬ E١F
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٤٠F
 ٪‫א‬
٪‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ٠{٤  ٠{٦  ٠{٩  
 ٠{٣٥  ٠{٥  ٠{٩  
 ٠{٤٢  ٠{٥ ٤ -٣،٥  E‫א‬F
 ٠{٤٢  ٠{٥ ٣،١ -٢،٩  EF

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EWF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EWF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٤١F
 
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫ א‬ W  ‫א‬
 ١  W  ٢{٢  
 ١  W  ٢{٥  
 ١  W  ٩  
 KEFW

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  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
E٪٢٠F،E١٢٠٠F‫א‬‫א‬
 ٦٠ZE٢٠D١٢٠٠F٦٠Z‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٤٢F
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ٦١  E٤ -F  ‫א‬
 ٧٠  E١٠ - ٥F  ‫א‬
 ٦٧  E٥ -F  ‫א‬
 ٩٠  E٢٢ -٦F  ‫א‬
 ٩١  ٪٥٠‫א‬  
 ٨٦  ٪٦٠‫א‬  
 ٨١  ٪٧٠‫א‬  
 ٧٦  ٪٨٠‫א‬  
 ٧٠  ٪٩٠‫א‬  

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  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٤٣F 
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬
EF
   ‫א‬‫א‬  ٥٠٠ AlCl3  ‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٠٠٠ Al2(SO4) 3  ‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬  ٥٠٠٠ Na Br  ‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٠٠ Cd So4 ‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥ Cd So4.H2o ‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٠٠٠ KCl – NaCl ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٣٠٠ K2CrO4-Cr2(SO4)3  ‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬  ٥  J ‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬  ٥٠  J ‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٨٠٦ CuO  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٣٢٤ Cu SO4  ‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٢٧٠ Cu SO4  ‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٠٠٠ NaF  ‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬  ٥٠٠ NaF  ‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬  ٦٠٠٠ Mg CO3  ‫א‬
،‫א‬  ‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬  ٦٤٠٠  Mg CO3  ‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬  ٤٠٠ Hg SO4  ‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٠ Na2 Mo O4 ‫א‬
   ‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬  ٥٠٠  Na2 Mo O4 ‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬  ٥٠٠ NiSO4 J ‫א‬  ‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٠  J  ‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٠ Ag SO4  ‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬  ٨٩٠٠ Na – glutamate ‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬  ٦٠٠٠ Sr Co3 ‫א‬


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  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬
EF
   ‫א‬‫א‬  ٣٠ Ca3 (VO4)2  ‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٠ Ca3 (VO4)2  ‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥ NH4VO3-VOSO4 ‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٠٠٠ Zn SO4  ‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٠٠٠ ZnSO3  ‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬  ٣٠٠٠ ZnO  ‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٥٠٠٠ Ca SO4  ‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٧٠٠٠ NaCl ‫א‬


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  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٤٤F
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
   ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٪٢٠J ١٠  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٪٢٠J ١٠  ١ ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٪٢٠J ١٠  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬F
 ٪٨٠J ٤٠ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬
،‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ٪٨٠J ٦٠
 ‫א‬  E‫א‬‫א‬F
،،١
 ،،،٣، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٪٢٠J ١٠
 ‫א‬،‫א‬  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٪١٠٠  ،،٣،
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٪١٠٠  ،
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ١،
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 ٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
٦،١‫א‬
 ‫א‬  


- ٢٢٤ -
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬

 ٪٥٠J ٤٠  –  E‫א‬F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 ٪١٠٠ ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬،
 E‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 ٪١٠٠
  ،‫א‬‫א‬W  ‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ١  ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 ٪١٠٠J ٥٠  ٦
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 ٪١٠٠J ٥٠  
 ‫א‬
 ٪٢٠٠J ١٠٠  ٣  ‫א‬،‫א‬
،‫א‬،‫ א‬،‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 J
 ‫א‬،‫ א‬E‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬
 ٪١٠٠  ‫א‬،١٢  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٪٤٠٠J ١٠٠    ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ٪٢٠٠J ١٠٠  ‫א‬،
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ٪١٠٠  
 ‫א‬
،‫א‬، G
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٪١٠٠
 ،‫א‬


- ٢٢٥ -
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EG
 K‫א‬‫א‬ K١
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
 K‫א‬ K٣
 K‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬ K٤
‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٥
K‫א‬‫א‬
K K٦
K‫א‬‫א‬ K٧
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٨
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
K‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٤٥F

 ٪  
٪ ٪  ‫א‬  ٪  ‫א‬
  
  ٪
 ٠{٢٨  ١{٦ ١٠{٥ ١٥{٣  ٧{٠٢  ٥٠ ٩٠ -٨٨  ‫א‬
 ٠{٢٨  ٠{٥  ٤{٣ ١١{٣  ٧  ٤٨  ٨٩  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٠{١٤  ٠{١  ٤  ٧  ٧  ٤٥  ٨٨  L
 ٠{٢٥  ٠{٣٩  ٥{٦  ٨{٦  ٧  ٤٥  ٩١  ‫א‬
 ٠{٠٧  ٠{١٥  ٠{٤  ٣{٢  ٦{٥  ٤٣  ٩٠  
 ٠{٤٢  ٠{٠٨  ٨{٥ ١١{٥  ١١{٧  ٧٨ ٩٠ -٨٩  
 ٠{٢٦  ٠{٠٢  ٥{٨  ٨{٩  ١١{٥  ٧٧  ٨٥  ‫א‬
 ١{٥  ٠{١٢  ٩{٩ ١٥{٢  ٨  ٥١{٤  ٩١  
 ٠{٢٩  ٠{٠٧  ٥{٩  ٧{٧  ١٠{٦  ٧٠{٧  ٨٩  
 J  ٠{١٤ ١٢{٢  ١٦  ٨{٧  ٥٨  ٨٩  
 ١  ٠{٢٨ ٣١{٥ ٤١{٥  ١٠  ٦٦  ٩٢  
 ٠{٦٢  ٠{٢٨  ٤٤  ٤٧  ١١{٥  ٧٧  ٩٠  
 ١{٧٨  ٠{٣٨ ٢٨{٧ ٣٤{٦  ٩{٢  ٦١{٤  ٨٨  
 ٠{٠٨  ٠{٨٥  J  ٣  ٨{١  ٥٣{٩  ٧٣  ‫א‬


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  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٤٦FWE١F‫א‬‫א‬

EF
٪
‫א‬‫א‬ 
L 
  ‫ א‬‫ א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
١٥٠ ١٥٠٠٠٠ ٠{٢٢  ١{٩  ١٧  ٢{٦  ٢٠ ٦٤٠  E٪٢٠F‫א‬
١٢٠ ١٠٠٠٠٠ ٠{٢١  ١{٤  ٢٦  ٢{٥  ١٧ ٥٠٠  E٪١٧F‫א‬
 J  J ٠{٣٦  ٠{٠٧  ٦  ٢{١  ١١ ١١٩٠  ‫א‬‫א‬
 J  J ١٤{٥  ٣١{٣  ٢{٦  ٠{٦  ٦{٥ ٤٥٠  ‫א‬‫א‬
 J  J ٠{٢٧  ٠{٠٢  ٢{٥  ٢  ٩ ١٤٦٠  ‫א‬
 ١٠ ٢٢٧٠ ٠{٢٧  ٠{٠٢  ٢  ٤  ٨{٩ ١٥٢٧  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E٢F
 ٨ ١١٠٠ ٠{٣٥  ٠{١٩  ٧  ٨  ٢٨ ١٠٥٠ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 J  J ١{٥٥  ٠{٣٥  ٢  ٥  ٢٧ ١٢٥٠  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 J  J ١{٥٥  ٠{٠٧  ٠{٢ ٠{٢٥ ٢٣{٤ ٩٨٠
 ‫א‬
 ٣٠ ١٠٠٠  ٠{٧  ٠{٣  ١٠  ١  ٢١ ٦٥٠  E‫א‬F‫א‬
 ٦٠ ١٢٠٠٠ ٠{٣٧  ٠{٠٧  ٣  ٢  ٤١ ١٤٨٠ E٪٤١F‫א‬
١٦٠ ٢٠٦٠٠ ٠{٣٩  ٠{١٨  ٢  ٢{٧  ٦٠ ١٥٨٠ E٪٦٠F‫א‬
 J  J  ١{٤  ٠{٢  ٧  ١ ٥٠{٥ ١٠٢٠  E٪٥٠F‫א‬
 J  J  ١٨  ٣٢  J  J  J  J ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 J  J ١٨{٥  ٢٣  J  J  J  J  ‫א‬
 J  J  ٠{٤  ٠{٩  ١{٥  ١٢  ٨ ١٧٢٠  ‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬FW‫א‬‫א‬
 J  J  J  J  J  ٩٧  J ٣١٣٠ E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 J  J  J  J  J ٩٩{٥  J ٤٠٣٢  

 J  J  J  J  J  ٩٥  J ٣٤٩٠  ‫א‬
 J  J  J  J  J  ٩٩  J ٣٤٠٠  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 J  J  J  J  J  ٩٨  J ٣٧٢٠  ‫א‬‫א‬
 J  J  J  J  J  ٩٩  J ٣٤٠٠  ‫א‬‫א‬
 J  J  J  J  J  ٩٩  J ١٥٠٤  
 ‫א‬E٢FK١٩٨٨–‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬–W‫א‬E١F
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  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 
EF ٪
‫א‬‫א‬
L
   ‫ א‬‫ א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬
 
   

 ‫א‬
 J  J  ٢{٢  ٢{٤  ٠{٥ ٩ ٧٢ ١٤٥٠ E٪٧٢F‫א‬‫א‬
 J  J  ٢{٣  ٣  ٠{٥ ١٠ ٦٥ ١٤٢٠ E٪١٠F٪٦٥ ‫א‬
 J  J  ٣{٦  ٦{٢  ١ ٩ ٦٠ ١٢٧٥ E ٪٦٥-٥٨F‫א‬‫א‬
 J  J  ٢{٩  ٥{٦  ١ ٥ ٦٧ ١٢٥٠ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 J  J  ٢{٥  ٣{٨  ١ ٤ ٦٥ ١٣٠٠  EF‫א‬
 J  J ٠{٦٣  ٠{١٥  ٠{٥ ٤{٦ ٣١{٥ ٥٧٥ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 J  J ٠{٣٢  ٠{٠٤  ٢{٥ ٣ ١٠{٥ ١٥٠٠ E‫א‬F‫א‬
 J ١٦٠٠ ٠{٥٢  ٠{٠٨  ٥{١ ٥{٨ ١٠{٦ ١٣٧٠ E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
 J  J ٠{٧٧  ٠{٢٢  ١{٤ ٥ ٨٧ ١١٦٠ ‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
 J  J  J  ٣٨  J J J J E ٪٣٨F‫א‬‫א‬
 J  J  J  ٣٥  J J J J E ٪٣٥F‫א‬‫א‬
 J  J  ٥  ١٠  ٢{٥ ١٠ ٥٠ ٩٠٠ E٪٥٠F‫א‬‫א‬
 J  J  ٦  ١٢  ٢ ١١ ٤٧ ٨٧٠ E٪٤٧F‫א‬‫א‬
 J  J ٠{٠٨  ٠{٦٥  J J ٣ ٨٩٠  ‫א‬
 J  J ٪٣٦  ٠{١  ١١ ٤{٥ ١١ ١١٧٠  ‫א‬‫א‬
 J  J  J  ٣٨  J J J J  ‫א‬
 J  J ٠{٥٦  ٠{١٧ ١١{٨ ٦{١ ٤٤ ١٢٠٠ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 J  J ١{٣٥  ٣  ٢{٥ ١٢ ٥٥ ١٢٦٠  ‫א‬‫א‬
 J  J  J  J  ٠{١ ٠{٣ ٥{٩ ١٠٨{٤  ‫א‬
 J  J  ١{٣  ٢  ٦{٥ ٧ ٤٢ ٨٢٠  ‫א‬
 J  J  ٠{٦  ٠{٢  ٢{٥ ٠{٥ ٤٩ ١١٢٠ E‫א‬F‫א‬
 J  J  ٠{٦  ٠{٣  ٥{٢ ٠{٥ ٤٤ ١٠١٦ E ٪٤٤F‫א‬
 J  J ٠{٣٩  ٠{٠٤  ٢{٤ ١{٩ ١٢ ١٤١٠  ‫א‬‫א‬
 J  J ٠{٢١  ٠{١١  ٩ ٤{٢ ١٥{٦ ٥١٠  E‫ א‬F ‫א‬
 J  J ٠{٩٣  ٠{٠٨  ٧{٥ ٤{٥ ١٦ ٨٩٠  ‫א‬
 J  J  ٠{٧  ٠{٨٥  ٠{٣ ٠{٧ ١٢{٥ ٨٦٠  ‫א‬‫א‬
 J  J ١{٢٥  ١{٣  ١{٤ ٣ ٤٥ ٨٨  ‫א‬‫א‬
E٣F
 J  J  J  J  ٢ ٥{٥ ٥٢ ١٠٦٦  ‫א‬

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  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

E١F
 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٤٧F
 ٪  
 ‫א‬‫א‬
       ‫ א‬‫ א‬
‫א‬
٠{٢٧ ٠{٣٨ ٠{٣٤ ٠{٩٨  ١{١  ٢٤  ٥٠٠  ١٧  ٨{٤
 E٪٢٠F
‫א‬
٠{٢٥ ٠{٣٣  ٠{٣ ٠{٨٦ ٠{٧٦  ٢٢  ٤٠٠  ١٦  ٦{٧
 E٪١٧F
٠{١٤ ٠{٢٢ ٠{١٩ ٠{٣٤ ٠{٥٤ ٣١{١  ٥٠٠  ٣ ٠{٥٩  ‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬
٠{٠٥  ٠{١  ٠{٢  ٠{٩  ١{٧  J  J  J  J
 ‫א‬
٠{١٢ ٠{١٧ ٠{١٣ ٠{٢٢ ٠{٣٥  ٩{٦  ٢٠٠  ٢{٣  ٠{٥  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٠{٠٨ ٠{١٦ ٠{١٩ ٠{٢١ ٠{٤٤ ٩{٠٨  ٢٢٧ ٢{٠٩ ٠{٧٣
 ‫א‬
‫א‬
٠{٢٢ ٠{٣٨ ٠{٤٤ ٠{٦٥  ١{١  ٣٧ ١٨٠٠  ٥{٣ ٣{٤٥
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
٠{١٨ ٠{٣٧  ٠{٥ ٠{٨٤ ٠{٩٤ ٦٨{٠٠٢  ٥٠٠  ١١  ٧ G
 ‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬
 ٠{١ ٠{٤٩ ٠{٥٤  ١  ١ ١٠٩{٥  ٤٨٤ ٦{٦٥  ٢{٤
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 ٠{٢  ٠{٥  ٠{٣  ٠{٨  ٠{٨  ٣٠  ٥٠٠  ٤  ١{٢
 E‫א‬F
‫א‬
٠{٢٢ ٠{٦٤ ٠{٩٨ ٠{٧٤ ١{٣٤ ١٣{٦  ٧٥٠  ٦  ١
 E٪٤١F
‫א‬
 ٠{٣  ٠{٩  ٠{٦  ٠{٤  ٢{٢ ٢٨{٨٥  ٢١٥  ٥{٤  ٠{٨
 E٪٦٠F
 ‫א‬
٠{٥٦ ٠{٨٥ ٠{٦٢  ٠{٨  ٤{٢ ٢٠{٧ ١٣٠٠  ٨{١  ٢{١
 E٪٥٠F


- ٢٣٠ -
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٪  
 ‫א‬‫א‬
       ‫ א‬‫ א‬
‫א‬
٠{٠٥ ٠{١٥ ٠{١٤ ٠{٢٤ ٠{٣٢  ١٠  ٤٠٠  ٢  ٠{٨
 ‫א‬
 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ٠{٩  ١  ٢{١  ٦{٥  ٥{٣ ٣٥{٠٠٢  ٢٠٠  ٨  ٤{٥
 E٪٧٢F
 ٪٦٥‫א‬
 ٠{٨  ٠{٨  ١{٩  ٥{٧  ٤{٨ ٤٠{٠٠١  ٨٠٠  ٤  ٤
 E٪١٠F
‫א‬‫א‬
٠{٧٣ ٠{٧٩  ١{٨  ٥{٥ ٣{٩٧ ٣٨{٥٩١  ٢٣٠  ٤  ٣{١
 E٪٦٥-٥٨F
‫א‬‫א‬
٠{٨٢ ٠{٨٥  ١{٩ ٥{٧٥  ٤{٩ ٢٥{٠٠١  ٥٠٠ ٣{٧٥  ٣{٥
 ‫א‬
 ٠{٧ ٠{٧٥  ١{٧  ٥{٣  ٣{٦ ٤٠{٠٠١  ٦٠٠  ٤{٥  ٤  EF‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
٠{١٦ ٠{٢١ ٠{٥٦ ١{٦٥ ١{٥٥ ١١٧{٥٠١  ٢٥٠ ١٧{٢٥  ٧{٧
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 ٠{١ ٠{١٧ ٠{١٦ ٠{٢٣ ٠{٣٦  ٣٣  ٢٠٠  ٣{٩  ٠{٥
 E‫א‬F

٠{١٢ ٠{١٣ ٠{١٥ ٠{٢٥  ٠{٥ ٢٠{٦٨  ٥٠١ ٣{٩٨ ١{٠٦
E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
٠{٥٧ ٢{٦٥ ٠{٥٦ ١{٧٥ ٥{٧٥  ١١  ٤٠٠ ٤{٢٥  ٠{٩
 ‫א‬
‫א‬
٠{٣١ ٠{٥٧ ٠{٥٨  ٢{٦ ٣{١٥ ٢١{٤  ٩٩٠  ١{٥  ٢{١
E٪٥٠F‫א‬


- ٢٣١ -
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٪  
 ‫א‬‫א‬
       ‫ א‬‫ א‬
‫א‬
 ٠{٢٧  ٠{٥  ٠{٥  ٢{٣  ٢{٧٧  ٢١{٤  ٩٩٠  ١{٥  ٢{١
E٪٤٧F‫א‬
 J  J  J  J  J  ١٤{٤  ٣٦٦  ١٥{٥٨  ١{٢٣  ‫א‬
 ٠{١٤  ٠{٢١  ٠{٢  ٠{٤  ٠{٧  ٦{٦  ٤٢٠  ٤{٦٥  ٠{٥٩  ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 ٠{٤٤  ٠{٧١  ٠{٤٧  ١{٣٣  ٤{٤  ٧٦{٢  ٧٩٥  ٢٥{٠٥  ٢{٤
 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ٠{٤٥  ٠{٩٨  ٠{٩٩  ٣{٧  ٣{٧٥ ١٨{٠٠٢  ٧٢٠  ٤  ٤{٥
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٠{٧٨  ٠{٥٧  ١{٤  ١{٣  ٤{٨  ٦  ٦٨٠  ٢{٥  ١{٥  ‫א‬
‫א‬
 ٠{٦٣  ٠{٧٢  ٠{٦٩  ٣{١٤  ٣{٥٣ ١٣{٥٠١  ١٥٠  ٦{٥  ١{٢
 E‫א‬F
‫א‬
 ٠{٥٧  ٠{٦٦  ٠{٦٣  ٢{٨٢  ٣{١٦  ٩{٠٨  ١٠٥٠  ٦{٢٢  ١{٤٩
 E٪٤٤F
 ٠{١٦  ٠{٢٢  ٠{٢  ٠{٣٨  ٠{٥٣  ٢٧{٥  ٣٣٠  ٥  ٠{٥٥  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٠{٢٢  ٠{٢١  ٠{٢١  ٠{٥٦  ٠{٩٣  ١٣٩  ٤٦٠  ١١{٤  ١{٣٥  E‫א‬F‫א‬
 ٠{٢  ٠{١٩  ٠{٢١  ٠{٥٩  ٠{٨٦ ٥٦{٠٥  ٥٠٠  ٧{٢  ١{١٥  ‫א‬
 ٠{٢١  ٠{٣٤  ٠{٢٨  ٠{٩٧  ٠{٣٨  ٨{٥  ٧٠٠  ٢١  ١٠{٩  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٠{٥٦  ٠{٤٨  ٠{٧٨  ٣{٢٣  ٢{١  ٢٠٠  ٥٠٠  ٥٠  ١٦  ‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬E٣F
L(١ - ٢٫٥ -٣ )‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،EF،،
K،،،
KE٥٠F •
،E٪١٠F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
KE١٠٠F
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬K‫א‬ E١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٢
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬ •
،‫א‬،،،‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
KE،،،،
‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
J W‫א‬E‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٢٣٣ -
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ٪١٠‫א‬E٤٨F
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 ٪
 ١٩{٥  E٪٥٠F
 ٧٥{٥  E٪٥٥F
 ٢  
 ٢  
 ٠{٧٥  
 ٠{٢٥  

 ٪١٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٤٩F
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٪
 ٥٢  
 ٥  
 ٤  
 ٨  
 ٣{٧  
 ٣{٣  
 ١{٤  
 ١{٩  H
 ٢{٨  
 L٢٢٠٠‫א‬‫א‬
 KE١FLE١٠٠FW‫א‬
 E٥٠FW‫א‬

- ٢٣٤ -
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬١L‫א‬
 E٥٠F
 ‫א‬١٠٠٠    ‫א‬٥٥  
 ‫א‬٢٥٠    ‫א‬٥٥  
 ‫א‬١٥٠    ‫א‬٣٥  
    ‫א‬١٠  
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬‫א‬ •
 EF
 W‫א‬٣W‫א‬
 E٥١F
 ١٢{٠٠٠{٠٠٠
 ‫א‬٥٠    
 
 ٢{٤٠٠{٠٠٠
‫א‬٥٠٠{٠٠٠   ٣
 
‫א‬٢٥{٠٠٠   ‫א‬١١{٠٠٠  
‫א‬١{٠٠٠   ‫א‬١{٦٥٠  ١
‫א‬٣٢{٠٠٠   ‫א‬٥{٥٠٠  ٢
‫א‬٩٠{٠٠٠   ‫א‬٢{٢٠٠  ٦
‫א‬٦٠{٠٠٠   ‫א‬١{٦٥٠  ٣
 ‫א‬٤٤٠    ‫א‬١٠  ١٢
‫א‬١٢{٥٠٠ ‫א‬ ‫א‬٢٠{٠٠٠  
‫א‬٢٥{٠٠٠ ‫א‬ ‫א‬١٠{٠٠٠ ‫א‬
  ‫א‬١{٠٠٠ ‫א‬
 KE٣F?‫א‬?‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E١FE٣FW ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
- ٢٣٥ -
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
ECo2,Ch4F‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬E١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬Z
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬٤٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٥٠‫א‬ 
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬٦٥‫א‬



 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬
 E٦٥H٤٥F–١٥٠Z
 ‫א‬٤٠Z١١٠–١٥٠Z
 K‫א‬‫א‬٤٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
- ٢٣٦ -
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E ‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٢٣٧ -
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬E١
ETDNF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 KESEF‫א‬
 ETDNF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ETDNF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،٢{٢٥‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢{٢٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬TDN‫א‬
 KTDN‫א‬‫א‬
 ١{٢٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬TDN‫א‬
 W
 TDN‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ١{٢٥C‫א‬‫א‬H‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Z
 
‫א‬٪٩٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬TDN‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫؟‬٪٧٥‫א‬٪٣‫א‬‫א‬٪٨٥‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 ١{٢٥C‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬H‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ZTDN
 ٨٠٧{٥ZC٩٥٠ZELF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٢٢{٥ZC
٨٥ ٣٠ZELF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
١٠٠ ٧٥ 
١٠٠  ١{٢٥C٢٢{٥H٨٠٧{٥ZTDN‫א‬
- ٢٣٨ -
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 L‫א‬٨٣٥{٦Z٣٨{١H٨٠٧{٥Z 
 ESEF‫א‬J 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١
 K١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١
 K٠{٩٤‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬١
 K٢{٤١
 K٢{١٢‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١
 K١{٩١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١
 W‫א‬
H‫א‬‫א‬HE١{٩١٢{١٢٢{٤١FC‫א‬‫א‬H٠{٩٤C‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K١٠{٨٥E،F‫א‬‫א‬
 K١٠{٢٩‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٢٣٩ -
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬    
 ٣٨  ٢٥  ٣  ١٥  ٪‫א‬‫א‬
 ٧٥  ٤٥  ٥٠  ٧٥  ٪‫א‬




 ‫א‬
E١F‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


١٠{٥٨Z٠{٩٤C١١{٢٥  ٠{٩٤  ١١{٢٥Z٧٥×١٥ ‫א‬‫א‬
١٠٠


 ٢{٨٧Z١{٩١C١{٥  ١{٩١  ١{٥Z ٥٠×٣  ‫א‬‫א‬
١٠٠


 ١١{٢٥Z١C١١{٢٥  ١  ١١{٢٥Z٤٥×٢٥ ‫א‬‫א‬
١٠٠


‫א‬‫א‬
 ٢٨{٥Z١C٢٨{٥  ١  ٢٨{٥Z٧٥×٣٨
١٠٠  ‫א‬‫א‬

 ٥٣{٢  ‫א‬


- ٢٤٠ -
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ١٠٠٥٣{٢‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٤{٥Z٠{٥٨C٢٥Z‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٠٠٣٨{٧Z١٤{٥–٥٣{٢Z 


 ‫א‬E٢
‫א‬‫א‬EDPF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬C‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬



- ٢٤١ -
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬














 L٥
- ٢٤٢ -
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Expression of Nutritive Requirements
Major Feed Ingredients  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K
 Minor Feed Ingredients‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬USP ‫א‬‫א‬EF
،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬IU‫א‬‫א‬ICU‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٣F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
Conversions ‫א‬
IU‫א‬ E٣FICU‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F
 WUSPU‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬E  ‫א‬‫א‬FIU‫א‬ EF
‫א‬٠{٦USPU‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 IU‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬١EF‫א‬‫א‬
Gram Conversions ‫א‬‫א‬

 EF١Z‫א‬٤٥٣{٥٩٢


- ٢٤٣ -
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬


Calories E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Small calories (cal) ‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬c‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 Large calories (Cal)‫א‬‫א‬
١٠٠٠‫א‬‫א‬٥١‫א‬‫א‬١٠٠٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K
‫א‬K
 ١٠٠٠،K Cal‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬C‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
Therm ‫א‬
 K١٠٠٠٠٠٠
Expression of Requirements‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E ٢٠٠٠F١٠٠‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KE٢٢٠٤F 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Energy ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬PE‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬Kcal
 KME

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  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

Productive Energy (PE) ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Metabolizable Energy (ME) ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬K
 K٪٢٨‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٪١١‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
 W











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 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬


‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ٤٠  E٪١٧F‫א‬
 ٦٧  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٧٢  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٧٠  E٪٦٥F‫א‬
 ٦٩  ‫א‬
 ٧١  E٪٤٤F‫א‬
 ٨٣ E٪٥٠F‫א‬‫א‬
 ٩٠  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٧٥  ‫א‬‫א‬
 
٪٧٣Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


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  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬



- ٢٤٧ -
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬


 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

 W
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

- ٢٤٨ -
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬W
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 KEFE‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 K‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬W
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬W ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


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  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،ENcalF‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬W
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬W
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 K
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬FK

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KE١٤١٦F،،،،‫א‬‫א‬ J ١
KE٣٩FE١٤١٧F‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K J ٢
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–J ‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬، J ٣
KE١٩٨٨F
‫א‬‫א‬KE  ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬، J ٤
KE١٩٨٩F،‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬E١٩٩٥FE١٢٤F‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J ٥
KE١٩٩٨FELFE١٤٢F‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J ٦
K(Meap)‫א‬١٩٨٤‫א‬‫א‬ J ٧
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬J ٨
KE١٤١٩F‫א‬
K١٩٩٦‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J ٩
Hand Book For. Farmers, Srock Diseases BAYER (Veterinary J ١٠
Derpartment)
–‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K١٩٩٨،K‫א‬،K،KK‫א‬ J ١١
K–
K––‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬K٢٠٠١،K‫ א‬J ١٢
K‫א‬‫א‬J ‫א‬‫א‬K١٩٨٦،KK J ١٣
K––‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬K١٩٩١،K J ١٤
‫א‬‫א‬،١٩٨٥‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ J ١٥
K‫א‬
K‫א‬،٢٠٠١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، J ١٦
J 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،،‫א‬، J ١٧
K١٩٨٥،‫א‬
،‫א‬J ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬ J ١٨
K١٩٨٥
K‫א‬‫א‬،١٩٨٦،‫א‬‫א‬، J ١٩
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

‫א‬،٢٠٠١K‫א‬،‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ J ٢٠
K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،١٩٩٤‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ J ٢١
K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ J ٢٢
١٩٩٩‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ J ٢٣
K‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ J ٢٤
١٩٨٢‫א‬‫א‬،،،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، J ٢٥

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
1- INRA. , 1988, Alimentation des bovires, ovins et capnins , Paris – France
2- Marshall H.j. 1997, Animal Feeding and Nutrition , 8 ed. Kendall / Hunt
Publishing.
3- Mcdonald P., Edwards R. , A., and Grenhalgh J.F.D., 1978. Animal
Nutrition. 2 ed. Longman. Inc. New yourk

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 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٩F
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬E٢٠F
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKE٢١F
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢٢F
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬E٢٣F

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬E٢٤F
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK٤{٨‫א‬‫א‬E٢٥F
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬E٢٦F
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬E٢٧F
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK٩{٥‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬E٢٨F
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKScreenage‫א‬E٢٩F
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬E٣٠F
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬E٣١F
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬E٣٢F
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKK٪٢٣J ١E٣٣F
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKK٪١٨J ٤E٣٤F
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬ E٣٥F
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬E٣٦F
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٣٧F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٣٨F
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬E٣٩F
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٤٠F
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٤١F
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬E٤٢F
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬E٤٣F
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٤٤F
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKEF‫א‬‫א‬E٤٥F
KKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٤٦F
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬E٤٧F
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٤٨F
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬J ‫א‬E٤٩F
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٥٠F
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬E٥١F
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٦F
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٧F
 KKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٨F
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٩F
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬E١٠٠٠F‫א‬‫א‬E١٠F
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١١F
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬E١٢F
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٣F
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٤F
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٥F
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٦F
 KKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٧F
 KKKKKKKKK٢٠٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬E١٨F
 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٩F
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢٠F
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢١F
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢٢F
 KKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢٣F
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢٤F
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢٥F
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫ א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢٦F
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢٧F
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢٨F
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 KKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٢٩F

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٣٠F
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٣١F
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٣٢F
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٣٣F
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٣٤F

‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L‫א‬‫א‬E٣٥F
 ‫א‬‫א‬E٣٦F
 E‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬E٣٧F
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬E٣٨F
 ١٠٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٣٩F
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٤٠F
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EWF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٤١F
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٤٢F
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٤٣F
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٤٤F
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٤٥F
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٤٦F
 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٤٧F
 ٪١٠‫א‬E٤٨F
 ٪١٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٤٩F
 E٥٠F
 E٥١F
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

١ .................................................................................................................. ‫א‬

٤ ........................................................................................................... ‫א‬‫א‬

٥ ....................................................................................................... W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٥ ......................................................................................................... ‫א‬
٩ .......................................................... ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٩ .................................................... ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
١١ ............................................................................................ ‫א‬‫א‬
١٢ ....................................................................................................... ‫א‬
١٢ ............................................................................................................... ‫א‬
١٤................................................................................. ‫א‬‫א‬
١٥ ........................................................................... ‫א‬‫א‬
١٦ .............................................................................................. ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
١٨ ............................................................................................ ‫א‬
١٨ ......................................................................................................... ‫א‬

٢٠ ................................................................................................. ‫א‬‫א‬
٢٠ ......................................................................................... ‫א‬‫א‬
٢١ ............................................................................................................... ‫א‬
٢١ ............................................................................................................. ‫א‬
٢٢ ............................................................................. ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٢٣ .................................................................................................... ‫א‬‫א‬
٢٣ ............................................................................................ ‫א‬‫א‬
٢٤ ............................................................................................................ 
٢٥ .........................................................................................................  ‫א‬
٢٥ ..............................................................................................................‫א‬
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

٢٦ ....................................................................................................... ‫א‬‫א‬

٣٢ ...................................................................................... ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٣٣ ......................................................................................................‫א‬
٣٤ ................................................................................................  ‫א‬‫א‬

٤٠ ................................................................................................. ‫א‬‫א‬
٤١ ........................................................................................ ‫א‬‫א‬
٤٢ ........................................................................................ ‫א‬‫א‬
٤٣ .................................................................................  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 .......................................................................... ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ............................................................................ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 .................................................................................... ‫א‬‫א‬
 ............................................................................................................. 
 .................................................................................................... ‫א‬
 ...................................................................................... ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ........................................... .........‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ...................................................................................... ‫א‬‫א‬
...................................................................................................... ‫א‬‫א‬
 ............................................................................................. ‫א‬

٦٧ ......................................................................................... E‫א‬F‫א‬

٧٦ ........................................................................................ ‫א‬W

...............................................................................................EF‫א‬

................................................................................................. ‫א‬W

............................................................................................................. ‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

٨٧ ................................................................................................................. ‫א‬

٨٩ ...................................................................................................... ‫א‬‫א‬

٩٠ .......................................................................................................... ‫א‬
 ................................................................................ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 
 ............................................................................ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
 ............................................................................................................ ‫א‬‫א‬
 ........................................................................................................ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  .................................................................................... ‫א‬‫א‬
 ..................................................................................... ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  .......................................................................................................... ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ................................................................................................................... ‫א‬
  ................................................................................................................... ‫א‬
  ................................................................................... ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  .................................................................................................... ‫א‬


  ..........................................................................................‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  .......................................................................................................... ‫א‬
  ........................................................................................................... ‫א‬
  ......................................................................................................... ‫א‬
  ............................................................................................. ‫א‬

 ........................................................... ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ................................................................................‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ......................................................................................................... ‫א‬
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

  ............................................................................................. ‫א‬

 .............................................................................................. ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ................................................................................................ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

...............................................................................‫א‬‫א‬

 ........................................................................................ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ................................................................................................ ‫א‬
  ......................................................................................................... ‫א‬
  .............................................................................................. ‫א‬
  ............................................................................................... ....

 ............................................................................................................. ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

١٢٧ ................................................................................................................ ‫א‬

١٢٩ ..................................................................... ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ١٢٩ ............................................................................................... K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٣١ ............................................................................ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ............................................................................................................... ‫א‬
  .......................................................................................... ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ........................................................................................... ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ......................................................................................................... ‫א‬
  .............................................................................................. ‫א‬‫א‬
  ............................................................................................. ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  .............................................................................................. ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  .................................................................................................... ‫א‬‫א‬
  .............................................................................................................. ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

  ................................................................................................................ ‫א‬
  .................................................................................................... ‫א‬

 ......................................................................................................... ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ................................................................... ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ............................................................................................................. ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

١٥١ ................................................................................................................ ‫א‬

١٥٣ ................................................................................................. ‫א‬

 ١٥٣ .................................................................................................... ‫א‬
 ١٥٤ .................................................................................. ‫א‬‫א‬
 ...........................‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ........................................................................................ ‫א‬‫א‬
  .............................................................................................. ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ..... ....................................................................................................‫א‬
  ........................................................................................... ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ........................................................................................... ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ............................................................................................................. ‫א‬‫א‬
 .................................................................................................. .....‫א‬‫א‬
  ........................................................................................................ ‫א‬‫א‬
  ........................................................................................................ ‫א‬
  ..... ......................................................................................................‫א‬‫א‬
  ....................................................................................................... ‫א‬

 .....................................................................................................‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  .............................................................................................‫א‬‫א‬
  .............................................................................................. ‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

  ..............................................................................................‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
  ........................................................................................... ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
  .......................................................................................... ‫א‬‫א‬W
  ..............................................................................................‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
  ........................................................................................................ ‫א‬W
  ................................................................................................‫א‬‫א‬W
  ................................................................................................. ‫א‬W
  ......................................................................................... ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ............................................................................................. E‫א‬F‫א‬

............................................................................................................. ‫א‬
  ............................................................... ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ........................................................... ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

............................................................................................................. ‫א‬‫א‬

 ٢٠٧...............................................................................................................‫א‬
 ٢٤٣...........................................................................................................
 ..........................................................................................................
 ......................................................................................................‫א‬‫א‬
٢٥١...............................................................................................................‫א‬‫א‬
 




 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬

GOTEVOT appreciates the financial support provided by BAE SYSTEMS