DSS ( Decision Support

Systems )
A DSS is an interactive, flexible and
adaptable computer based information
system that utilizes decision rules, models
and model base coupled with a
comprehensive database and the decision
makers own insight, leading to specific
implement able decisions in solving
problems.
Thus a DSS supports complex decision
making and increases its effectiveness.
1
 Characteristics of DSS
It is a management support system whose capabilities
go beyond that of MIS.
It is only supportive in nature and human decision
makers still retain their supremacy.
Is individual specific.( Each decision maker can
incorporate his own perceptions about the problem and
analyze its effect)
Extensively uses databases ( info about the problem is
stored in Data Bases and DSS needs an effective DBMS )
Also incorporates mathematical, statistical and OR
( Operations Research ) models.
Has extensive querying capabilities.
Provide good user interfaces.
Is effective in providing assistance to solve semi
structured problems at all levels. ( DSS are used at
first line, middle line and top line management )
2
 Subsystems in a DSS
DSS has the following subsystems -
Database Subsystem- create, modify, delete,
query the data in the DB & enforce standards
and ensure integrity
Model Management Subsystem- provides the
following - facilities for creation, maintenance,
effective execution and management of various
models. Example of models used in
manufacturing ( next slide - 4 )
Dialogue Management Subsystem - Provides
manus and icons for the user to communicate
effectively with the system.
3
Division Activity Models used
Accounting Allocation of funds Linear programming
model
Inventory EOQ and reorder level, Inventory ( graphical or
inventory simulation linear equation
mathematical models )
Finance Cash flow Simulation

Production Job sequencing PERT/CPM

R&D Product research PERT/CPM and

simulation
(i) S & Marketing (i) Competition analysis, Game theory for both
(ii) Personal (ii) Labor management

Examples of Models used in Manufacturing Plant (

Factory )
4
Model Management Subsystem
It provides the following –
1. A Model Base Management System- which
helps in the creation, maintenance, effective
execution and management of various models.
2. An External interface which permits a user to
choose a model to be executed and provides
facilities for entering data.
3. An Interface to the Data base – provides
facilities to access the data from the database
to execute the user specific models with the
data available in the DB.

5
Dialogue Management Subsystem
Provides manus and icons for the user to
communicate effectively with the system
Provides online context sensitive help
Convert the queries given by the user into
the forms which the other systems can
recognize and execute.
And keep track of the activities that are
performed.

6
 GDSS ( Group DSS )
Today importance of collective decisions is being felt. For
main issues to be sorted out brainstorming sessions are
carried out and the collective pool of ideas and opinions
give a final shape to a decision.
GDSS facilitates decision making by a team of
decision makers, working as a group.
The hardware requirements for GDSS are similar to
those of DSS except that it provides facilities for
interactive communication ( chat mode ) and
visualization. Moreover facilities for teleconferencing
are also provided.
Ref Book : DSS by Jankiraman, PHI.