BFPE 34 Heat Transfer & Thermal Processing In Food Systems

Unit I
Heat transfer – basic modes of heat transfer – conduction – convection – radiation - Steady state
conduction – Fourier’s law of heat conduction – simple one dimensional steady state conduction in
plane wall, hollow cylinder, composite tube, hollow sphere – overall heat transfer coefficient – critical
thickness of insulation – heat generation in a plane wall – heat generation in a solid cylinder -
unsteady state conduction-problem solving.

Unit II
Convection heat transfer- types- Forced convection heat transfer – Nusselt number – Prandtl number –
laminar and turbulent flows over flat plate – natural convection – introduction – free convection from
a vertical flat plate- Reynolds number.

Unit III
Radiation heat transfer – laws of radiation planck’s law – Wien’s displacement law –Stefan Boltzman
law – absorptivity, reflectivity and transmissivity – black body radiation – radiation characteristics of
non black surfaces – Kirchoff’s law – restrictions of Kirchoff’s law.

Unit IV
Heat exchangers – Classification of heat exchanger – fluid flow arrangement – types of application –
boilers, condensers, shell and tube heat exchangers, radiators, double pipe heat exchangers – overall
heat transfer coefficient – fouling factor – temperature distribution in counter flow heat exchangers –
log mean temperature difference – correction factor.

Unit V
Thermal processing and equipments– heating of foods – batch and continuous methods -thermal
processing methods- pasteurization-HTST pasteurization- tunnel pasteurizer- Sterilization - In-
Container Processing – retorting - Blanching - Steam blanchers- Hot-water blanchers.

TEXT BOOKS
1. Earle, R.L. 1985. Unit Operations in Food Processing. Pergamon Press. Oxford. U.K.
2. P.S.Ghoshdastidar., Heat Transfer, Oxford University Press, 2008
3. James G. Brennan, Food Processing Handbook, WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA,
2006
4. Holman J.P., ‘Heat Transfer’, SI Metric 8th Ed., Mc Graw Hill, ISE, 2003.

REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Arora.SC and Domkundwar.S.Course in Heat & Mass transfer
2. Sachdeva, ‘Heat and Mass Transfer’, Wiley Eastern, 2nd Ed, 2005.
3. Frank. P. Incropera, David. P. DeWitt ‘Heat & Mass Transfer’,John Wiley,5 Th Edition 2005.