Register and Counter

Register – a group of memory elements that work together as a unit.

Buffer Registers – Simplest kind of register; all it does is store a digital word.
Shift Registers – moves the stored bits left or right, which is essential to certain
arithmetic and logic operations used in microcomputers.

Counter - is a special kind of register, designed to count the number of clock

pulses arriving at its input.
Ripple Counters
Synchronous counters – counters that solves the ripple delay problem
Ring Counters – instead of counting with binary numbers, it uses words that have
only a single high bit.

The modulus of a counter is the number of output states it has. A 4-bit

ripple counter has a modulus of 16 because it has 16 distinct states numbered
from 0000 to 1111. By changing the design we can produce a counter with any
desired modulus.

Number Type
7490 Decade
7492 Divide-by-12
7493 Divide-by-16
74160 Presettable Decade
74161 Presettable Divide-by-16
74190 Up-down presettable decade
74191 Up-down presettable divide-by-16