Calculations:

We have the volume of NaOH used for titrating the equilibrium solution of acetic acid (with
activated charcoal) and hence we can calculate the equilibrium concentration of acetic acid C’

We know that,

N1V1= N2V2 ………(1)

Here,

N1 = Normality of NaOH solution =0.1N

N2 = Normality of sample (equilibrium solution of acetic acid) =?

V1 = volume of NaOH used for titrating the sample (in ml)

V2 = volume of sample taken = 10 ml

0.1 * V1 = N2 * 10

C’ = N2 = 0.01* V1 (normality and molarity is same for acetic acid) …(2)

With the help of equation (2) we can calculate the equilibrium concentration of acetic acid

and then.

We used 250 ml of acetic acid solution , so mass of solute adsorbed is

x = (C0 – C’)*0.250*60 gm ; (mol. Wt. of acetic acid = 60) .……..(3)

Weight of activated charcoal m = 2 gm

(x/m) = [(C0 – C’)*0.250*60] / 2 ……….(4)

By using the eq. (2) and eq. (4) & observation table , we calculate the values of C’ and
x/m. and draw the table given below,

Intial Volume equilibrium

concentration of NaOH concentration
S.No. x/m log (C’) log(x/m)
of acetic acid used V1 of acetic acid
C0 (in M) (in ml) C’ (in M)
1. 0.0625 5.5 0.055 0.05625 -1.2596 -1.2498
2. 0.125 11.0 0.11 0.1125 -0.9586 -0.9488
3. 0.25 22.9 0.229 0.1575 -0.6402 -0.8027
4. 0.5 46.0 0.46 0.3 -0.3372 -0.5229
5. 1.0 95.0 0.95 0.375 -0.0223 -0.426
Now Freundlich adsorption isotherm equation given by

n
(x/m) = k*C’ …….(5)

By taking log of the eq.(5)

log(x/m) = logk + n*logC’ .....…(6)

Here,

(x/m) = amount of the solute solute adsorbed per gram of adsorbent

x = mass of adsorbate (in gm)

m = mass of adsorbent (in gm)

C’ = equilibrium concentration of acetic acid

k & n are constant

Equation (6) shows a linear equation , by using table draw a graph between

log (x/m) and logC’ [logC’ as a abscissa and log(x/m) as a ordinate.]

and get the intercept and slope..

from the graph,

slope of the graph = n = 0.668

intercept of graph = logk = -0.359

k = 10-0.359

k= 0.4375