Problem 3.8 . ppitety:2) 5.8 A talow mal abe vik Gas 10 am feats a nvetacebetncen a loyer of wr and ayer of SAE OW c mek STRLSTUE a MTS a weal the presias itetos betncen is poe dd lower ha ont surcsst Whar the average Cosy eth ate? Given: Properties ofa cube floating at an interface Find: ‘The pressures difference between the upper and lower surfaces; average cube density Solution: ‘The pressure difference is obtained from two applications of Pu = Po* Psazio eH 01-8) PL=Po* PSAEIOSH + PHO O9d, where py and p; ar the upper and lower pressures, py i the cil free surface pressure, His the depth ofthe interface, and d is the cube size Hence the pressure difference is ‘Ap = pL-Pu™ PH20' 8094+ Psqpio: B04 AP = p20" #4: (09+ SG54p10° 01) FromTébleA2 —SGgazq = 092 ns gem ap 99 981 Exod mn(09 052403) Forthe eube density, setup a flee body force balance forthe cube Hence 2 No 2 em ke em = 991 Peude = 97 9* Oi” Sahm” ye Coie esProblem 3.15 (Difticulty: 1) (Bip Vouclarete top of yourstawwihyourihumbendliithe straw out of your glass containing Coke. Folding it vertaly, | the total length ofthe straw is 4 cm, but the Coke held inthe _srawiein the Bott 15 en: What isthe pres ia The straw jst below your thumb? Ignore any sutee tension elles, Given: Geometry of straw Find: Pressure just below the thumb Assumptions: (1) Coke is incompressible (Q) Pressure variation within the ar column is negligible G) Coke bes density of water Solution: or for constant p Hnere his measured downwards Basic equation This equation only applies inthe 15 em of coke in the sttaw -in the ther 30 cm of air the pressure is essentially constant, a ©) because is measured downwards ‘The gn Hence, with Ig gt m = 1000-48 9.81.3 x 15emx Peoke ena Tooem * kgm “ 1000 Peoke =—1471KPa gage Peoke = 99-9.KPaProblem 3.20 [20 Consider the wo-Quld manometer shown. Calulatethe | plied pressure diterence. (Dito: 2] Tf fw Given: ‘Two-flud manometer as shown 10.2:mm SGay = 1.595 (From Table A.1, App. A) Find: Pressure difference Solution: Weill apply the hydrostatis equation. Governing equations: P= SOP water Assumptions: (1) Static liquid (2) Incompressible tiguid Starting st point 1 and progressing to point 2 we have: Py + Pater (4+ D — Pee B~ Pyater 4 = ‘Simplifying and solving for py —p;_we have: 2 P= Pe I~ Pater 1 = (SCu.~ t) Pear 1 Substituting the known G3 ig ‘Ap = (1591-1) 1000-8 x 981-55 « 102-mmx 10mm (Cydosati Pressure - his postive downwards) (Detinition of Specific Gravity) Carbon tetrachlorideProblem 3.24 (Difficulty: 2] [52g Determine th gage pressure in KPa at point, ir iqudl Pahar SG = 120 and liquid B has SG. = 075. The quid | Surrounding point ais water, and the tank onthe lett open | tothe atmosphere Given: Data onmanometer Find: — Gagepressureat point Assumption: Water, liquids A and B are static and incompressible Solution: Basic equation Starting st point Next, i Hiquid A bby = 025m Finally, in liquid B where hy = 0.9:m—0.4m hs = 0.5m Patm = P2~ SGp-PH20°8'h3 Pat = (P1 + 8Sq:P 208 ¥2) ~ SGp Prey Combining the three equations = PH20'8y + SGP px20'8'hy ~ Sp: PHDO'BS a= Pam * P20 (Hi ~ SGahy + Gps) forin gage pressures py sro 8(61~S0y%2 +565) heey a Ne a= 100 TS 9815 x10315~ (1.204029 +0754 0} FT Py = 441% 10° Pa Pe= 441 (Gege)Problem 3.52 [5:52 A plane gue of uniform hicknass hols back a depth of ‘water ax shown. Find the minimom weight needed to keep the gate cased, Given: Geometry ofplane gate Find: Minimum weight to keep it closed Solution: Basic equation of use computing equations FR=PeA Assumptions: sutic Mud p= constant; Pon other side; dor iin euiibriam Instead of using either ofthese approaches, we not the following, using y as inthe sketch : Gor spon-fe-O ferocnneny 2 raw) rer Weskohve = dF=pdA with Cage pressure, since p= pu on other side) Hence 2 f. 2osvans, vee nig| n- L Pays doe 1? tan(@) Usigalven tua w = 31000-9815 2m Gx asd) xProblem 3.54 (Difficulty: 3) 'F:bu A reotnguler pie (width w= 2m) ishinged as shown, ‘sthasiop on elower edge. Atwhatdepth/ wil the gate)ammytont: |. fale = 1000 bb’ Cf hye) Solukow: + Compnte dagth ab wide gnc will by fon ondison thal ph the momerk of fippiry, «Rit whide mom mn ae poche of gabe : pwleduce wnordinede sh (downward fom free tucface) and & (wpwark fom lanye), Tey an thited by Yeo4s- hee or He AS e= Vor 4 Mapper = 2 AF upper =z: (Ponte 9 w dz prone “de i = 2: Punbe G (H- 145-2) w dzor Hos Mapper = { AM upper wv a = fate 9 j (H- 045-2)2 de oss = futon [ee + = Rater 9 ee 22 ° « Momeut on lower portion of gale follows in the sina mnanierr) but ink gration limits are diffecent dM aver = 2 AF ower = 2-plh)wde > 2- Prater gh wide 2 2. Banter 9 (U- O45 -2) W da 4 Ir Rawee = fuse 9” j (H- 0.48 -2 Fide — 045 0 > bualer gv [0 aar)at - Z| as = Baar 9 {*- nas yea ost |We mh moment is M = Mugper + Mower t a? = fe gu [ese = _ vat® 94s? (ie os) 248 “| = feat 4 | (Heo) Css UE) - § [or s0rr] Te Moment belomes 2ro whan (te par) + 0.05 — 0.0858 ==0 qep4r = 2.0888 0.05 | He 9404 So He water nerds do rite to a Wight of 218m fr He gate + +p Pole: Conld allo heve divided tepresion fr Moment, Iolal Pra te gb comer of : . fruvive, and Rae i fe he above linge, would lave given He ame_ air Shak a fi cf lade axe 7 = _ A VE 20 ee oe — _ MLSLEL Assy my tone. —_ _ i a 1D Piva 21000 Ly fm? oe zy) Gale js Manlen, Jo Fi =d ae) Achnacospharie 5 pottine ait on free sven aond on wate de of gal. Solutignn : Gale will be in aye Cheinim if vornrunak balance eakrfed : _ ee M_=0 FHT) alone | _ ee |) — Ths cam be writin fy Mg — Fyi= 0 a l durb bye due bo shake flediwe mands om bape dishbukowbat Fy 2 (2600 ky.) 9 : = To dewine hedrestke momial, connor Har _followiny ancniyenainnt: | - ho ZN || a Y Z ee eee = a hy mensived downwards on, fae, space fy emetic tap almny fl |e Beton hey muatt be relented ey — he d- sin G0 = — Tn mw hee i o gage peeninse (suf Beir —_ _ aM sy Fgh L lumi. 3 Tam Se wah Ain bo bo ae y4 \Emca) alanbo s £ " - | 29. aw (d- ysinGo) y dy tet } yyata ia rent G (d= ysin bo) y dy fxn r 7 = fycalee gv. [aE =F sito | 3 d wale GW | bo. ‘in? bo = w. Pract 9 ate Tun WMemunt balance ives Fagg = GOTT a =] 62800 | _ —_ «dintgo = (f.t0. (1000-3 ———— Q-- ee = [d= 26m — to wal needs b rive te Lbbm po pilin dn of fortes,