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  • Lecture 3 - Soils Basic Concepts

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    This document outlines key terms, concepts, and programs related to soils that students should be familiar with after completing a course on soils. It includes sections on soil formation, types of soils, soil components, soil properties, the soil-water relationship, nutrient cycles, nutrient uptake by plants, and soil-related problems. The goal is for students to understand concepts like soil horizons, texture, structure, porosity, water holding capacity, the carbon and nitrogen cycles, and issues such as compaction, erosion, and nutrient toxicity.

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    This document outlines key terms, concepts, and programs related to soils that students should be familiar with after completing a course on soils. It includes sections on soil formation, types of soils, soil components, soil properties, the soil-water relationship, nutrient cycles, nutrient uptake by plants, and soil-related problems. The goal is for students to understand concepts like soil horizons, texture, structure, porosity, water holding capacity, the carbon and nitrogen cycles, and issues such as compaction, erosion, and nutrient toxicity.

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    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    8 views2 pages

    Lecture 3 - Soils Basic Concepts

    Uploaded by

    dfem
    This document outlines key terms, concepts, and programs related to soils that students should be familiar with after completing a course on soils. It includes sections on soil formation, types of soils, soil components, soil properties, the soil-water relationship, nutrient cycles, nutrient uptake by plants, and soil-related problems. The goal is for students to understand concepts like soil horizons, texture, structure, porosity, water holding capacity, the carbon and nitrogen cycles, and issues such as compaction, erosion, and nutrient toxicity.

    Copyright:

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    Soils - Key terms and concepts

    Upon completion of this course, the student should be familiar with the following terms,
    concepts, and programs.

    Soil formation
    Weathering
    Soil profile
    Soil horizons
    Soil taxonomy

    Soil Types
    Acidic soils
    Alkaline soils
    Saline soils
    Residual soils
    Aluvial soils
    Eolian soils
    Chernozem
    Calcareous soils

    Soil components
    Soil organic matter
    Humus
    Ions
    Anions
    Cations
    Acidic and basic cations

    Soil properties
    Soil texture
    Soil structure
    Tilth
    Hydration
    Oxidation
    Reduction
    Dissolution
    Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC)
    Buffer capacity of soils
    Percent base saturation
    Soil pH
    Electrical conductivity
    C:N ratio
    Carbon sequestration
    Soil conditioning index (SCI)
    Properties of water
    Melting point
    Boiling point
    Specific gravity
    Heat of fusion
    Heat of vaporization
    Molecular weight
    Specific heat
    Surface tension

    Soil-water relationship
    Water holding capacity of soils
    Soil porosity
    Soil respiration
    Macropores
    Micropores
    Bulk density
    Capillary water
    Gravitational water
    Water infiltration and permeability
    Water available to plants
    Field Capacity
    Wilting point

    Nutrient Cycle
    Carbon cycle
    Nitrogen cycle

    Nutrient uptake by plants


    Mobile and immobile nutrients
    Nutrient uptake by diffusion
    Transpiration
    Nutrient uptake through mass flow
    Tap roots and fibrous roots
    Root sorption zones
    Root surface sorption zones
    Legumes
    Rhizobia

    Soil related problems


    Soil compaction
    Plow pans
    Natural pans
    Nutrient toxicity
    Soil erosion

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