oS a a ° “ - GATEWAY TO ARABIC Book One Dr. Imran Hamza Alawiye A foundation course in reading and writing ArabicThe Arabic Alphabet In order to learn any language. one must first master write and pronounce it correctly Below on the tight is the Arabic alphabet. The pro} only a rough guide and should not be relied on to help you master the sounds of the letters, or listen to| Please note that Arabic is written from right to left. the alphabet and be able to read, unciation column in the middle is heavily. Ask an Arabic speaker to he audio recording of the book. Arabic letters ( ( Names of the Pronunciation letters guide Alif a Baa b Taa t Ihaa th Jeem j Ha h Kha kh Daal d Dhaal dh Raa r Zaa z Seen s avaa uNames of the letters Za “Ayn Ghayn Faa Qaaf Kaaf Laam Meem Noon Haa Waaw Yaa Pronunciation guide sh Arabic letters Coker & eS § & > Cc GWrite over the letters below, then continue copying to complete the page. i) ce XO =) ——'DWhite over the letters below, then continue copying to complete the page. ea [— ~ |Write over the letters below, then continue copying to complete the page.Write over the letters below, then continue copying to. complete the page,\Wiite over the letters below, then continue copying to complete the page. gy | oemWrite over the letters below, then continue copying to complete the page.Wiite over the letters below, then continue copying to compiote the page aAWrite over the letters below, then continue copying to complete the page.Write over the letters below, then continue copying to complete the page. Lti | | | | \Write over the letters below, then continue copying to complete the page. =\Wiite over the letters below, then continue copying to complete the page, : Jd\Write over the letters below, then continue copying to complete the page. (Kaat)Write over the letters below, then continue copying to compiete the page. & x S Ly @ iN \\| | Write over the letters below, then continue copying to compiete the page.| | | | | | | i | | | | { Write over the letters below, then continue copying to complete the page.3 ef , b+ Cc >, > gL yeCan you fill in the missing letters in the alphabet below? 20The Short Vowels The following are the three short Arabic vowels. They are written above or below the Arabic letters. i) Fatha Read the alphabet below with fatha on each letter. This is a short diagonal stroke written above an Arabic letter. It ls pronounced ‘a’, as in the English word ‘cat'. Ela Gan) Co Ge eG ie das — »* (On Gq . vu: (* tc G: arThe Short Vowels — Continued li) Kasra This is a short diagonal stroke written below an Arabic letter. It is pronounced ‘I’, asin the English word ‘bit’ Read the alphabet below with kasra on each letter. eo \ uv vat n ‘Ge Lv —» Ct G ~ ‘el eG ele. co ‘G: “WG, ‘be b 22The Short Vowels — Continued iii) Damma * This is lke a very small ‘waaw’ written above an Arabic letter. —— itis pronounced ‘u’, as in the English word “bull” Read the alphabet below with damma on each letter. » 6G are) ce Pela » cy) GIG ela —~ -iCw Gg Ue» («* » G °}] Cr]Co eG.” § - G:” w& 23Practise reading your alphabet with fatha, kasra and damma (a, i, u). ~<+---- eee Oe ead Can you read the following Arabic words? re Fuge 4¢ es resiops 9 3 (S| nemanea _) SS Oe | reves i, 3 a he desired, ¢ he was good u he understood ‘ wor ED Gre rae notougnes £) CP] tes Gj y| row owe 3 endowed with ’ 2 a, a hejoned = c | twas known recescibes 3 > OSJoining up Arabic letters (For an explanation, please see p. 27) By itself Joined End Middle \ WW u L 2 os oo =~ Cr) a3 a = e S35 ee a 4 4 ' Loa 4 rag ror ef ee) 3 333 A 2 JI) -” - 5 3/3) + > ea on vu a Po a * The six starred ‘naughty’ letters cannot be joined to the left. For an explanation, see p. Beginning { * lL & Ll. 27, ** Sometimes at the end of a word the letter taa is written 8 or 4 which is called taa marbuta.Beginning Middle 3 a Joined By itself 444 vw ene b bbb 4479 MT 4 {44444 4 uobt septate 22334300 WJowVJ J 9 7 9 eT o os 353 1Joining up Arabic letters - continued So far, we have learned how to write the Arabic letters when they are not joined together. However, Arabic words are usually written in a joined-up form. Most letters of the Arabic alphabet can be joined on either side. The shape of each letter changes according to its position within a word. These different forms must be learnt so that one can recognise the letters when they are combined together to make words. Each letter has four forms: beginning, middle, end and by itself. On the previous two pages you will find a table showing how each letter is written according to its position in a word. The ‘Naughty’ Letters There are six ‘naughty’ letters which refuse fo join on to any letter after them (in other words, to the left of them). However, they do allow other normal letters to join them from the right. The ‘naughty’ letters are: 3 3 9 3 2 J A normal letter written after a naughty letter cannot take the middle form. It will take the beginning form instead, unless it is the last letter of a word, in which case it will take the ‘by itself’ form. Exercise Write out the Arabic alphabet in the boxes below, and draw a circle around the six ‘naughty’ letters. eaweed rss ds—dey jr p~oatd pase piste What happens when both the letters are naughty? a 92 3 + 3] gh oy + | lola 5 dg 3+ 5) lg —l+ 4 a [ | jy 5 ty pmryt+ 3 sy) 34 4 gy—y ta] fey 2 +] | tb he 3 28Practice with joining letters | Copy out the words onto the lines provided, and learn how to join the letters. eq } { eee he looked for Ces Cn oe oS a he researched CC ke IL t he scattered he left 3 ) 4 7 he covered, paw aw yo j concealed oH 29Practice with joining letters Copy out the words onto the lines provided, and learn how to join the letters, A = he went out a= a eye | ne oiaisen pees A 2 & he protected es 1b 3 peed : 7 TE , a “ - - “s < “ “ i he wlained ce ce > t_ ce 4 4Practice with joining letters Copy out the words onto the lines provided, and learn how to join the letters. houted ere he was proud) memmaes “Us| “35 mumin35| 3.44 mami —ifo| 3 mun __ti| ou 5Practice with joining letters Copy out the words onto the lines provided, and learn how to join the letters. he remembered neues cwile}| i ie jo aa dai] 4 i 4 he thanked KS; “ oy “ herosed abs & ay 2 a A he claimed, allegedPractice with joining letters Copy out the words onto the lines provided, and learn how to join the letters. : a a he was foscluTe f= f e—> went down 2 [ne 1ead ‘3 i > is oe mm eb poe | red wos soepy oan - as on & aPractice with joining letters Copy out the words onto the lines provided, and learn how to join the letters. en he was acti energetic he was this eke ve be oe Je a he was patient ape. ee ee) it became less 34Practice with joining letters Copy out the words onto the lines provided, and learn how to join the letters. he appearedPractice with joining letters Copy out the words onto the lines provided, and learn how to join the letters. we it became small, ittle he excelled he stood he opened as = x3 = 8 ree ere 2 ibe & ia. 3 9 v2 3 3 someone 36