TABLE 25.

DYSPNEA, TACHYPNEA, AND ORTHOPNEA

  V I N D I C A T E
Allergic and
  Vascular Inflammatory Neoplasm Degenerative Intoxication Congenital Trauma Endocrine
Autoimmune
Disorders
Bronchogenic Pulmonary Bronchial
of Oxygen   Laryngitis Pneumoconiosis Kyphoscoliosis Foreign body  
carcinoma emphysema asthma
Intake
    Bronchitis       Bronchiectasis   Injury to ribs  
Disorders Pulmonary
Pulmonary Alveolar Periarteritis
of Oxygen Pneumonia emphysema Lipoid pneumonia Atelectasis Pneumothorax  
edema carcinoma nodosa
Absorption and fibrosis
Metastatic Wegener
    Tuberculosis   Toxic pneumonitis      
carcinoma granuloma
    Lung abscess     Shock lung   Sarcoidosis    
              Scleroderma    
Disorders
Pulmonary Pulmonary Congenital
of   Hemangioma        
embolism fibrosis heart disease
Perfusion
Pulmonary
                 
emphysema
Disorders Waterhouse–
Congestive Septicemia Aplastic Sickle cell Hemorrhagic
of   Methemoglobinemia Shock Friderichsen
heart failure with shock anemia anemia shock
Transport syndrome
Shock from drugs Congenital
               
and toxins heart disease
Disorders Polycythemia Fever Leukemia           Hyperthyroidism
of
Increased
Oxygen
  V I N D I C A T E
Allergic and
  Vascular Inflammatory Neoplasm Degenerative Intoxication Congenital Trauma Endocrine
Autoimmune
Demands
Hodgkin
                 
disease
Metastatic
                 
carcinoma
Disorders
of
Excretion
of Carbon Septicemia
Pulmonary
Dioxide   with lactic   Uremia       Diabetic acidosis
emphysema
and Other acidosis
Wastes of
Body
Metabolism
          Lactic acidosis