r[opkDh ;zpzXh ;tkb itkp

1H gO F B L j/ m fbyhnK s[ e K dk F[ X T[ u koB eh j? <

;iD[ ;uk gkfs;kj[ , f;o ;kjK d? ;kj[ . .
fi; gkf; pfjfmnk ;' j hn? , ;GBk dk t/ ; kj[ . .
T[ ^ so L fJjBK s[ e K ftu gkfsFkj dk T[ u koB j? gksFkj, Fkjk dk T[ u koB j? FkjK, ;kj[
dk T[ u koB j? Fkj, t/ ; kj[ dk T[ u koB j? t/ ; kj. fJjBK FpdK ~ gks;kj' ;kj' ,
t/ ; kj' nkfd gVQ D k nF[ Z X gkm eoBk j? . fJjBK FpdK ~ brh n" I eV fJe tuB dh
bykfJe j? i' noE eoB ftZ u ;jkfJe j[ z d h j? .
2H gO F B L j[ e w o}kJh ubD s' I eh Gkt j? <
T[ ^ so L j[ e w o}kJh ubD s' I Gkt j? oZ p dk j[ e w wz B Dk. T[ ; d/ ;[ G kn Bkb nkgDk ;[ G kT[
obkT[ D k. ;[ G kn obkT[ D bJh r[ o { d/ d;/ o;s/ #s/ s[ o e/ gq G { dh f;cs ;bkj
ftZ u ;[ o s i' V Bh j? . fJ; soQ K eoB Bkb gq G { d/ r[ D ;kv/ fjod/ nz d o nk fNeDr/
s/ ;kvk ;[ G kn gq G { Bkb ob ;e/ r k.
3H gO F B L w{ b wz s o ftZ u @r[ o gq ; kfd# dk F[ X T[ u koB eh j? <
T[ ^ so L r[ o gq ; kfd dk F[ X T[ u koD r[ o gq ; kd j? . @gq ; kd# ~ ;;/ d/ g? o hI fpz d h bk e/
@gq F kd# gVQ B k nF[ X gkm eoBk j? .
4H gO F B L r[ o pkDh ftZ u eJh EktK #s/ nekb g[ o y bJh @sz { # Fpd dh tos' I ehsh rJh j? .
id' I fe n;hI d[ f Bnkth iht i/ tfvnK bJh sz { dh tos' I eohJ/ sK F' G k BjhI fdz d k.
n? ; k feT[ I <
T[ ^ so L r[ o { ;kfjp tb' I r[ o pkDh ftZ u tofsnk frnk @sz { # Fpd nekb g[ o y Bkb pj[ s h
B/ V sk s/ fgnko dk gq s he j? . nekb g[ o y Bkb r[ o { ;kfjp nG/ d j' J / j' J / ;B.
r[ o { ;kfjp tb' I nekb g[ o y ~ sz { Fpd Bkb ;z p ' X B eoBk B/ V sk, fJefwesk s/
nG/ d sk gq r N eodk j? . nekb g[ o y s/ r[ o { d/ Xkofwe wz v b ftZ u d[ f Bnkth
goz g oktK BjhI ubdhnK.
5H gO F B L j/ m fbyhnK s[ e K dk eh noE j? <
nkfg BokfJD[ ebk Xkfo, ir wfj gotfo:T[ . .
fBoz e kfo nkeko[ , i' f s ir wz v fb efo:T[ . .
T[ ^ so L fJj s[ e K GZ N @ehos# d/ d{ i / ;tZ : / dhnK gfjbhnK d' s[ e K jB fiBQ K ftZ u GZ N
@ehos# B/ r[ o { nwodk; ih dh T[ ; ssh ehsh j? . nkg efjz d / jB @@r[ o { nwodk;
ih nkg jh BokfJD o{ g jB i' nkgDh ;sk ou e/ irs ftZ u goftos j' f Jnk j? .
fBoz e ko B/ r[ o { nwodk; ih dk nkeko o{ g j' e/ (o{ g Xko e/ ) irs ftZ u nkgDh
i' f s gq r NkJh j? . ## Gkt fJ; ;tZ : / okjhI GZ N @ehos# B/ r[ o { nwodk; ih dh
nekb g[ o y Bkb fJe-fwesk fdq V eotkJh j? .
6H gO F B L ;q h r[ o { rq z E ;kfjp ftu okrK d/ f;ob/ y Bkb eJh tko @xo[ # Fpd fbfynk j[ z d k
j? . fit/ I fe XBk;oh wjbk à xo[ À.. fJ; @xo[ # Fpd dk eh noE j? <
T[ ^ so L GkJh ekjB f;z x ih BkGk wjkB e' F ftZ u fbyd/ jB fe r[ o wfs ;z r hs nB[ ; ko
@xo[ # d/ d' noE jB, fJe skbl d{ i k ;P o ns/ w{ o SBk d/ G/ d eoe/ fJe jh okr
d/ ;orw gq ; sko nB[ ; ko rkT[ D d/ gq e ko. ;q h r[ o { rq z E ;kfjp ftZ u fJe s' I ;skoK
she xo[ fby/ jB. fJ; s' I rtZ J hJ/ ~ ;{ u Bk j? fe fJ; Fpd ~ fJ; okr d/
fJsBt/ I Bz p o d/ ;P o gq ; sko nB[ ; ko rkU. GkJh ;kfjp fbyd/ jB fe F' e j? fe
;q h r[ o { noiB d/ t ih d/ d;/ ;q h r[ o { rq z E ;kfjp ih d/ okrK d/ @xo[ # j[ D okrh
f;z x G[ b k p? m / jB.
7H gO F B L okwebh okr ftZ u r[ o { BkBe ;kfjp ih dh pkDh dk Bkw Unz e ko j? ik dZ y Dh
Unz e ko<
T[ ^ so L ;q h r[ o { rq z E ;kfjp ih d/ gz B k ÇÀÇ T[ s / do} fJ; pkDh dk f;ob/ y j/ m fby/
nB[ ; ko j? .
@@okwebh wjbk ¿ dyDh Unz e ko##
bc} @dyDh# r[ o { rq z E ;kfjp ftZ u j' o th eJh EktK #s/ tosD j' f Jnk j? ,
fit/ I rT[ V h wjbk ¿ dyDh, tvjz ; wjbk ¿ dyDh, fpbktb[ wjbk ¿ Sz s dyDh,
wko{ wjbk ¿ dyDh, gq G ksh wjbk ¿ dyDh. fJBQ K f;ob/ y K dk Gkt j? rT[ V h
dyDh, wjbk ¿l gq G ksh dyDh, wjbk ¿ ns/ okwebh dyDh, wjbk ¿. fJj fJ;
soQ K j? fit/ I rT[ V h wjbk Á r[ n ko/ o h ns/ rT[ V h r[ n ko/ o h wjbk Á dk fJe' jh
Gkt j? . ;' @okwebh dyDh# okr dh fJe fe;w j? s/ pkDh dk Bkw j? @Unz e ko#.
 fJ; ~ dyDh Unz e ko efjDk rbs j? . fJ; pkDh dh gfjbh gT[ V h @@Unz e ko
pq j wk T[ s gfs## ftZ u Fpd f;oc Unz e kfo jh j? . fes/ th bc} dZ y Dh-Unz e ko
BjhI j? . ;' pkDh dk Bkw @Unz e ko# j? i' pkDh d/ ftu' I jh fbnk frnk j? .
8H gO F B L eh ;[ y wBh ;kfjp d/ gkm s' I pknd fEsh rT[ V h wjbk à d/ Fpd gVQ D / }o{ o h
jB<
T[ ^ so L ;[ y wBh ;kfjp dh pkDh nkgD/ nkg ftZ u fJe ;z g { o B pkDh j? . fJ; dk fEsh
rT[ V h wjbk à d/ FpdK Bkb e' J h ;pz X BjhI j? . eJh g/ q w h iB FoXk tZ ; fJBQ K
FpdK ~ ;[ y wBh ;kfjp s' I pknd gVQ b? I d/ jB go fJjBK dk ;[ y wBh ;kfjp s' I
pknd gfVQ n k ikDk }o{ o h BjhI j? .
9H gO F B L r[ o pkDh ftZ u nkT[ I dk j? @@d; fJz d q h efo oky? tkf;.. sk e? nksw? j' f J
gq r k;[ . .## d;Dk fe d; fJz d q h nK fejVhnk jB s/ tZ ; ftZ u oyD dk eh Gkt j? <
T[ ^ so L ;oho d/ gz i frnkB fJz d / q jB _ ez B , uwVh, B/ s q , o;Bk, Bkf;ek ns/ gz i eow
fJz d / q jB _ w[ Z y (wz { j ), jZ E , g? o , r[ d k, fbz r . i' wB[ Z y fJjBK d; fJz d q h nK ~
frnkB ftuko Bkb nkgD/ t; ftZ u oydk j? , noEks fJz d q h nK ~ e[ e owK ftu
gq f tos BjhI j' D d/ I dk, T[ j no' r sk ns/ nksw ;[ y wkDdk j? . go i/ fJz d q h nK dk
r[ b kw j' e/ ihtB ihT[ I dk j? T[ j ;ohoe s/ nksfwe ;[ y r[ n k p? m dk j? .
10H gO F B L @@pkpkDhnk ejkDhnk g[ s ;g[ s eo/ f B## s[ e d/ eh noE jB<
T[ ^ so L fJj s[ e r[ o { nwodk; ih dh T[ u koB ehsh j' J h okwebh dh tko ftZ u do} j? .
fJ; dk noE j? r[ o w[ y pkfpnK p}[ o rK dhnK ;kyhnK (Gkt T[ j BK d/ ekoBkfwnK
d/ thuko tkb/ eEB) g[ Z s K ~ ;g[ Z s o eo fdz d hnK jB feT[ I fe T[ j BK ~ ;[ D e/
p}[ o rK d/ g{ o fBnK g[ o ubD dk :sB eohdk j? .
11H gO F B L j/ m fbyhnK s[ e K fe; r[ o { ;kfjp dhnK TukoB ehshnK j' J hnK jB<
@iT[ sT[ g/ q w y/ b D ek ukT[ |
f;o[ Xfo sbh rbh w/ o h nkT[ |
fJs[ wkofr g? o [ Xohi? . |
f;o[ dhi? ekfD B ehi? | #
T[ ^ so L fJj ;b' e r[ o { BkBe ;kfjp dk T[ u koB ehsk j' f Jnk j? i' ;q h r[ o { rq z E ;kfjp ih
d/ gz B k ¿Â¿À T[ g o @;b' e tkoK s/ tXhe# ftZ u do} j? . fJ; ;b' e d/ noE jB L
@@j/ GkJh! i/ s? ~ gq G { - g/ q w dh y/ v y/ v D dk F" I e j? , sK nkgDk f;o sbh T[ s / oZ y
e/ w/ o h rbh ftu nk, Gkt b' e -bki SZ v e/ jT[ w ? d{ o eo e/ nk. gq G { - gq h s d/ fJ;
o;s/ T[ s / sd' I jh g? o Xfonk ik ;edk j? id' I f;o G/ N k ehsk ikJ/ , go e' J h
fMie Bk ehsh ikJ/ l Gkt id'I fpBK fe;/ fMie d/ b'e-bki ns/ jT[w? SZvh ikJ/.
12H gO F B L r[ o pkDh dk ehosB okr ftZ u j' D k ukjhdk j? iK f;Z X k th j' ;edk j? <
T[ ^ so L feT[ I fe r[ o pkDh okrK ftu j? , fJ; bJh r[ o pkDh dk ehosB th okrK ftu jh j' D k
ukjhdk j? . fJjh n;b wo:kdk ;h i' j[ D nb' g j[ z d h ik ojh j? . jbehnK so}K,
wB wo}h dhnK ohsK s/ jbe/ c[ b e/ ehosB d/ f;Z X / Yz r B/ ;o' f snK dk fwnko
pj[ s EZ b / v/ r fdZ s k j? . r[ D h frnkBh ehosBhJ/ s/ uz r / ;o' s / ftob/ jh ofj rJ/
 jB i' r[ o wfs nB[ ; ko okrK ftZ u ehs/ ehosB dk nBz d wkDd/ j' D . go i/ fe;/
gq / w h ~ okr Bk nkT[ I dk j' t / s/ Bk jh f;yD f;ykT[ D dk gq p z X j' t / sK f;XhnK
XkoDK ftu th ehosB j' ;edk j? . @ehosB# dk Gkt j? , eos/ gq G { dh f;cs
;bkj eoBh. fJj fit/ I th j' ;edh j' t / , eoBh }o{ o h j? .
13H gO F B L ;q h r[ o { rq z E ;kfjp dh ouBk ;w/ I ojokf; ;kfjp d/ gkm dk eh neko ;h<
T[ ^ so L fi; ;w/ I r[ o { noiB d/ t ih B/ ;q h r[ o { rq z E ;kfjp ih dh ouBk ehsh T[ ; ;w/ I
ofjok; ftu @;' do[ s/ o k e/ j k#HHHH s' I b? e/ HHHH@s/ o k nz s B gkoktfonk# sZ e dk
gkm jh ;h. wro' I ;q h r[ o { r' f pz d f;z x ih t/ b / @;' g[ o y fBoz i B#HHH s' I b? e/ @ej[
BkBe jw Bhu eoz w k.. ;ofD go/ eh okyj[ ;owk..# sZ e dk gkm th ofjok; ftu
Fkwb ehsk frnk ;h.
14H gO F B L eJh b' e o' N h iK bz r o SeD ;w/ I j/ m fbfynk ;b' e gVQ d / jB, fJ; d/ noE
fbyD dh feq g k eoBh ih<
ekw eq ' X no[ b' G w' j fpBf; ikfJ njz w / t ..
BkBe gq G ;oDkrsh efo gq ; kd[ r[ o d/ t ..
T[ ^ so L eJh b' e o' N h iK bz r o SeD ;w/ I T[ g obk ;[ y wBh ;kfjp dk ;b' e fJ; eoe/ gVQ d /
jB feT[ I fe fJ; ftZ u Fpd @gq ; kd[ # fbfynk j' f Jnk j? . iK T[ j gq ; kd[ dk noE
bz r o ;wM b? I d/ jB. go fJ; dk noE fJj BjhI, fJ; soQ K j? L
j/ r[ o d/ t ! feogk eo' , fi; ekoB w/ o / ftu' I ekw, eo' X , b' G , w' j ns/ jz e ko
nkfd BkF j' ikD. fJE/ gq ; kd dk noE j? feogk. nrbh nFNgdh #u noE j'o ;gFN
j' iKd/ jB L
fij gq ; kfd Sshj nz f wq s ykfj|
fs;[ mke[ o eT[ oy[ wB[ wkfj|HHH
fij gq ; kfd p;fj ;[ y wz d fo|
fs;fj fXnkfJ ;dk wB nz d fo|
(rT[ V h ;[ y wBh, wL Ã, gz B k ÀÄÇ)
Gkt L j/ wB[ y ! fi; gq G { dh feogk Bkb sz { nB/ e gq e ko d/ (Sshj gq e ko) d/
G' i B yKdk j? H HH ns/ fi; dh feogk Bkb ;[ j D/ wekBK, jt/ b hnK #u ofjz d k j? , T[ ;
gq G { ~ jw/ F k wB ftZ u :kd oZ y .
fJ; soQ K gq ; kd[ dk noE ;gFN j' f Jnk L feogk. ;' fJ; T[ g ob/ ;b' e dk
G' i B (bz r o) SeD ;w/ I T[ u / u / s" o #s/ gVQ B k rbs noEK tb fXnkB fbikDk j? , i'
fJ; soQ K BjhI j' D k ukjhdk.
15H gO F B L T[ x N? skB soz r oz r
nfs r:kB rhs pz X kBz |
ufe ufe oj/ d/ t dkBt w[ f B
Sfe Sfe p:' w fptkBz | (okr okwebh gkL ¿¾)
fJBQ K gz r shnK ftZ u ;jh Fpd T[ x N? j? iK T[ x Ns< feogk eoe/ noE th dZ ; D/
ih.
 T[ ^ so L ;jh Fpd T[ x Ns j? fi; dk noE T[ x Vdk (T[ g idk) j? . fJ; soQ K fJBQ K gz r shnK
d/ noE fJT[ I pDd/ jB.
T[ g o' e s sohe/ nB[ ; ko gq p z X ehs/ fB:fws frnkB rhs d/ nfs ;[ z d o skB d/
nbkg Bkb ;[ z d o g/ q w wJh bfjoK T[ x VdhnK jB, fi; rhs ~ ;[ D e/ d/ t s/ , d? I s,
w[ B h iB j? o kB ofj iKd/ jB ns/ n;wkB ftZ u x[ z w fojk ;kok pq f jwz v (;{ o i,
uz d , sko/ , fgq E th) s/ iht iz s { fsq g s j' iKd/ jB.
fJBQK gzrshnK ftZu nkJ/ efmB FpdK d/ noE fJj jB _
T[ x Ns-T[ x Vdk j? . skB soz r -skB dh bfjo, okr ftfdnk nB[ ; ko nko' j h s/
nto' j h skB dk nbkg. pz X kB-fB:fws gq p z X . ufe-ufeq s , j? o kB. Sfe-fsq g s,
;z s [ F N. p:' w -nekF, fptkBz - fppkB, ;kok pq f jwz v , ;{ o i, uz d , fgq E th nkfd i'
fppkB dh soQ K nekF ftZ u jB.
16H gO F B L j/ m fbyh gz r sh d/ Gkt noE uz r h soQ K ;wMkT[ _
BkfG ewb[ n;Ez G B j' s ' H HH
T[ ^ so L r[ o { rq z E ;kfjp d/ gz B k ÇÂÃ #s/ pkDh @f;X r' ; fN# ftZ u fJj gz r shnk fJT[ I
nz f es jB_
ik fJj[ fjodk d/ j B j' s h sT[ wB[ e? m ? ojsk..
BkfG ewb n;Ez G [ B j' s ' , sK gtB[ etB xfo ;jsk..
HHHH fJp sp ;ku' ;kuk..ÄÄ..
fjodk d/ j B j' s h nT[ X { , sT[ wB[ ;[ z f B oj? p? o krh..
BkfG ewb[ n;Ez G [ B j' s ' ,
sk fBi xfo p;sT[ gtB[ nBokrh..
HHHHBkBe neE ejkDh..ÄÅ..
gfjbh gT[ V h (nz e ÄÄ) ftZ u i' r hnK dk gq F B j? fe id' I Bk fJj fjodk ;h
Bk fJj ;oho ;h sd wB feZ E / ofjz d k ;h< id' I BkGh d/ uZ e o dh Ez w h BjhI ;h sK
gq k D (;[ n k;) fe; xo ftZ u nk;ok b? I dk ;h<
nrbh gT[ V h (Bz H ÄÅ) d/ nkoz G ftZ u ;fsr[ o { ih B/ T[ g o' e s ;tkb dk itkp
fdZ s k j? . nkg c[ o wkT[ I d/ jB, @j/ :' r h! id' I Bk fjodk ;h, Bk ;oho T[ d ' I t? o krh
wB fBor[ D gq G { (;z [ B ) ftu fNfenk ofjz d k ;h. id' I BkGh-uZ e u (BkfG ewb o{ g
Ez w h (n;Ez G k) BjhI ;h, gq k D (gtB) gq G { dk gq / w h (nB[ o krh) j' e/ nkgD/ n;b
xo (fBi xfo) gq G { ftu t;dk ;h.
17H gO F B L nBd[ eoj[ fwfb ;[ z d o Bkoh|, fJ; s[ Z e d/ noE ;gFN eo' .
T[ ^ so L fJj s[ Z e r[ o { noiB d/ t ih d/ fJe Fpd ftu' I j? i' fe ;q h r[ o { rq z E ;kfjp ih d/
gz B k Æ¾Ä s/ ;[ F ' f Gs j? . fJ; s[ Z e ftZ u Bkoh dk T[ u koB fpz d h bk e/ Bkoh j' t / r k
ns/ fJ;dk noE j? frnkB fJz d o/ . fJZ E / frnkB fJz d fonK ~ ;[ z d o fJ; bJh fejk
frnk j? feT[ I fe fJj Bkw dh poes Bkb r[ D tkB j' u[ e / jB.
r[ o pkDh dh fe;/ fJe iK nZ X h s[ Z e d/ noE ;wMD/ j' D sK T[ ; dk ;jh Yz r
fJj j? fe ;ko/ Fpd d/ noE ;wM/ ikD feT[ I fe eJh s[ e K dk f;Z X k ;z p z X
 fgSbhnK s[ e K Bkb ns/ eJhnK dk ;z p z X nrbhnK s[ e K Bkb j[ z d k j? . ;' nkT[
gfjbK ;ko/ Fpd dk gkm ns/ fco T[ ; d/ noE eohJ/ . g{ o k Fpd fJ; soQ K j? _
;Kfs gkJh r[ f o ;fsr[ f o g{ o / . .
;[ y T[ g i/ pki/ nBjd s{ o / . .¿.. ojkT[ . .
skg gkg ;z s kg fpBk;/ . .
jfo f;wos febfty ;fG Bk;/ . .¿..
nBd[ eoj[ fwfb ;[ z d o Bkoh..
r[ f o BkBfe w/ o h g? i ;tkoh..À..
noE _ j/ GkJh! g{ o / r[ o { B/ ;fsr[ o { B/ (jfo Bkw dh dks d/ e/ fi; wB[ Z y d/
fjod/ ftZ u ) mz Y tosk fdZ s h, T[ ; d/ nz d o ;ko/ ;[ Z y g? d k j' rJ/ . (wkB' , T[ ; d/
nz d o) fJZ e o; tki/ tZ i D bZ r gJ/ .¿. ojkT[ . .
(fi; wB[ Z y B/ r[ o { dh feq g k Bkb jfo-Bkw f;woBk F[ o { eo fdZ s k T[ ; d/ )
;ko/ d[ Z y , fteko, eb/ F d{ o j' rJ/ . gq w kswk dk Bkw f;wofdnk T[ ; d/ ;ko/ gkg
Bk; j' rJ/ .¿.
j/ w/ o / ;[ j D/ frnkB fJz d foU! s[ ; hI j[ D ob e/ (;fs;z r wBk e/ nkgD/ nz d o)
nkswe nBz d g? d k eo/ . r[ o { BkBe B/ (w? ~ skg, gkg, ;z s kg s' I puk e/ ) w/ o h
fJZ } s oZ y bJh j? .À.
18H gO F B L ;q h r[ o { rq z E ;kfjp ftZ u do} fJjBK s[ e K d/ noE dZ ; / ns/ fJE/ wjK wkJh fe; ~
nkfynk frnk j? <
wjk wkJh eh g{ i k eo? . . Bo ;? Bko j' f J nT[ s o? . .
T[ ^ so L fJj s[ e K okr r" I v nz d o gz B k ÆÅÂ #s/ do} Fpd ftZ u Grs Bkwd/ t ih dhnK
TukoD ehshnk j' J hnK jB. fJ; Fpd nz d o Grs Bkwd/ t ih d/ t h d/ t fsnK dh
g{ i k s' I toid/ j' J / ;wMkT[ I d/ jB fe g{ i k eoe/ wB[ Z y tZ X s' I tZ X nkgD/ g{ i : dk
o{ g jh pD ;edk j? _
i? ; k ;/ t ? s? ; ' j' t ? . .
;z ; ko ;wz [ d o s' I w[ e sh fdtkT[ D h fe;/ d/ t h d/ t s/ d/ jZ E BjhI, fJ; tk;s/
gq w kswk dk Bkw jh f;woBk ukjhdk j? , gq G { jh w[ e sh dksk j? .
fJjBK s[ e K d/ noE jB _
i' wB[ Z y gkopsh (wjKwkJh) dh g{ i k eodk j? , T[ j nrb/ iBw ftZ u wB[ Z y s' I
fJ;soh jh pD e/ iBw b? ;edk j? feT[ I fe g{ i k eoB tkbk nkgD/ g{ i : dk jh
o{ g j' ;edk j? .
19H gO F B L j/ m fbyh s[ e d/ F[ Z X ftFokw ns/ noE d;' _
frnkB[ fXnkB[ feS[ eow[ B ikDk ;ko B ikDk s/ o h|
;G s/ tvk ;fsr[ o [ BkBe[ fifB eb okyh w/ o h..
T[ ^ so L fJj s[ e K r[ o { noiB d/ t ih d[ n kok T[ u koD ehs/ ;{ j h okr d/ F[ p d dhnK jB, i'
fe F[ Z X ftFokw nB[ ; ko fJ; soQ K jB_
frnkB[ fXnkB[ feS[ eow[ B ikDk,
 ;ko B ikDk s/ o h|
;G s/ tvk ;fsr[ o [ BkBe[
fifB eb okyh w/ o h|Â|¿¾|¿Å| (gz B k-Åþ)
noE L j/ w/ o / wkbe gq G { ! w? I th s/ o h pyfFF dh edo BjhI ;K ikDdk. s/ o /
uoBK ftZ u ;[ o fs fNekT[ D h th BjhI ;K ikDdk, fe;/ j' o Xkofwe ez w dh th w? ~
;{ M BjhI ;h. go (s/ o h w/ j o Bkb) w? ~ ;G s' I tZ v k r[ o { BkBe fwb fgnk, fi; B/
w/ o h bki oZ y bJh (s/ s/ o / uoBK ftZ u i' V fdZ s k).Â.¿¾.¿Å.
20H gO F B L ;q h r[ o { rq z E ;kfjp ftZ u nkJ/ j/ m fby/ FpdK pko/ dZ ; Dk fe fJjBK dk T[ u koD
j' D k j? ik BjhI< i/ j' D k j? sK T[ u koD fet/ I eohJ/ <
(1) ;[ X [ ns/ ;[ X ehu/ . (e[ M tkoK dh ;wkgsh #s/ )
(2) ;s uT[ g d/ wjb/ uT[ E / e/ (gz B k ÇÄ)
(3) J/ j [ ;b' e [ nkfd nz f s gVBk (gz B k ÀÄÀ)
(4) i[ w bk (gz B k ÀÂÀ)
(5) rT[ V h r[ n ko/ o h e/ gd/ g? I sh; (gz B k ÁÁ¾)
(6) Se/ À.., Se/ Á.., Sek À.. (gz B k ÃÁ¾, ÃÁ¿, ÇÆÁ)
(7) okr nk;ktoh xo ¿Ä e/ À wjbk  ;[ X z r
(8) nk;k ;q h epho ihT[ e/ fsgd/ Æ, d[ s [ e / Å,
fJe s[ e k ¿ (gz B k ÂÆ¿)
(9) tvjz ; wjbk Á wjbk shik (gz B k ÃÆÀ)
(10) ;' o fm wjbk  uT[ E k (gz B k ľÂ)
T[ ^ so L bVh Bzpo 1 s'I 6 sZe d/ Fpd T[ukoB Bkb ;zpzX BjhI oZyd/, i' Fpd fe;/ Fpd iK pkDh
d/ nz e K d/ i' V s' I pknd (ns/ nrb/ Fpd d/ F[ o { j' D s' I gfjbK) fby/ j[ z d / jB,
T[ j e/ t b ;z g kdeh ;{ u BktK jB. fiBQ K dk T[ u koB BjhI ehsk ikDk ukjhdk.
bVh Bz p o 7 s' I 10 se FpdK d/ f;ob/ y ti' I nkJ/ jB, fiBQ K dk T[ u koB j/ m
fby/ nB[ ; ko j' t / r k_
(7) okr nk;ktoh xo ;' b tK d/ d' wjbk uT[ E k ;[ X z r
(8) nk;k ;q h epho ihT[ e/ , fsgd/ nZ m , d[ s [ e / ;s fJe s[ e k fJe.
(9) tvjz ; wjbk shik.
(10) ;' o fm wjbk uT[ E k
bVh Bz p o 9 s/ 10 ftZ u d' tko fbyD dk wsbp fJ; f;ob/ y ~ gVQ B bJh
fJFko/ wkso jdkfJs j? fe fJt/ I gV' Q .
21H gO F B L ;q h r[ o { rq z E ;kfjp ih d/ gz B k ¿¿ÁÄ T[ s / fJZ e Fpd j? _ @tos B ojT[ B wj
owdkBk..# nyhobh s[ Z e ftu Grs epho dk dk Bkw nkfJnk j? go fJ;dk
f;ob/ y @G? o T[ wjbk Ã# j? . feq g k eoe/ fJ; ~ ;gFN eoBk fe fJj Fpd fe;dk
fbfynk j' f Jnk j? <
 T[ ^ so L @G? o T[ wjbk Ã# f;ob/ y s' I fJj ;gFN j? fe fJj Fpd r[ o { noiB d/ t ih dk jh
T[ u koB ehsk j' f Jnk j? , go nyho ftZ u bc} BkBe dh EK epho fbyD dk Gkt j?
fe fJj Fpd epho ih d/ fe;/ Fpd dh ftnkfynk eoB bJh fbfynk j? .
fJ;/ okr ftZ u gz B k ¿¿ÃÆ T[ s / Grs epho ih dk Fpd j? _
T[ b fN, ikfs e[ b d' T { fp;koh..
fJ; Fpd dhnK j/ m fbyhnK s[ e K t/ y ' _
jwok Mrok ojk B e' T { . .
gz f vs w[ b K Skv/ d' T { . .
fJE/ Grs epho ih B/ gz f vsK d/ dZ ; / eow eKvK ns/ w" b thnk dh dZ ; h Foj
dk f}eo ehsk j? . go fJE/ rZ b ow} Bkb ejh rJh j? . fJ; bJh fJ; Fpd dh
y[ b Q h ftnkfynk r[ o { ;kfjp B/ T[ g o' e s Fpd ftZ u eo fdZ s h j? .
22H gO F B L j/ m fbyh s[ e dk noE dZ ; ' <
nuo[ uo? sk f;fX j' J h, f;Xh s/ p[ f X gkJh..
(;' o fm, wL Â, gz u gdk, gz B k ľÅ)
T[ ^ so L Fpd dk Gkt noE ;wMD tk;s/ gfjb' I Fpd ftubh @ojkT[ # tkbh s[ e ~ ;wMDk
ukjhdk j? . id' I e/ I doh Gkt do;kT[ D tkbh ojkT[ dh s[ e d/ Gkt-noE ;wM ftZ u
nk ikD sK pkeh Fpd d/ noE ;wMD/ pj[ s ;" y / j' iKd/ jB. nkU gfjbK ojkT[
tkbh s[ e ~ ftuko bJhJ/ fijVh fJT[ I j? I _
w/ o / r' f pd, ngB/ iB eT[ , d/ f j tfvnkJh..
r[ o wfs okw Bkw[ gork;j[ ,
;dk ojj[ ;oDkJh.. ojkT[ . .
u" E / gkfsFkj ;q h r[ o { okwdk; ih efjz d / jB fe j/ w/ o / r' f pz d ! nkgD/ dk; ~
fJj fJZ } s (tfvnkJh) pyF (fe) r[ o { dh wfs okjhI w/ o / nz d o nkgDk Bkw gq e kF
(gq r N) eo d/ j ns/ w? ~ ;dk nkgDh FoB ftZ u oZ y . ;fsr[ [ o { ih Bkw d/ gq e kF
ns/ FoB ftZ u ofjD dh ikuBk eod/ jB.
nkT[ j[ D ;tkb tkbh s[ e ~ thukohJ/ fijVh fJT[ I j? L
nuo[ uo? sk f;fX j' J h, f;Xh s/ p[ f X gkJh..
g/ q w e/ ;o bkr/ sB Ghsfo,
sk Gq w ekfNnk ikJh..¿..
gd noE L nuo _ Bk fiZ f snk ikD tkbk wB. uo? _ fiZ s b? I dk j? . f;fX _
;cbsk. Gq w _ wB dh GNeDk.
noE L r[ [ o { dh FoB g? e/ id' I wB[ Z y nfiZ s wB ~ fiZ s b? I dk j? sK fJ;~
ihtB-;z r q k w ftZ u ;cbsk fwb iKdh j? . fJ; ;cbsk (ekw:kph) s' I wB[ Z y ~ fJj
neb nk iKdh j? fe id' I gq G { dh gq h s d/ sho fJ;d/ fjod/ ftZ u y[ Z G iKd/ jB sK
fJ;d/ wB dh GNeDk ;dk bJh eZ N h iKdh j? .
23H gO F B L r[ o pkDh c[ o wkB @@r[ o [ gow/ ; o[ J/ e ' ikD[ . .## s/ @@i' jw e' gq w / ; o T[ u o j? I , s/
;fG Boe e[ z v w? go j? I ..## dh ftuko eoB s/ nkgk fto' X h Gk;d/ jB. ;gFN
eo' .
 T[ ^ so L r[ o wfs f;XKsK nB[ ; ko fJZ e rZ b ;gFN j? fe r[ o { ;kfjpkB B/ nkgD/ ;oho ~
BjhI, ;r' I Fpd ~ jh r[ o { ;theko ehsk j? . (Fpd r[ o { ;[ o fs X[ f B u/ b k).
r[ o pkDh dh s[ e @@g' E h gow/ ; o ek EkB[ . .## s' I Gkt th fJjh j? fe r[ o { rq z E
;kfjp ftZ u th gq w kswk d/ j[ e w o{ g h Fpd jh fby/ j' J / jB. Gkt fe Fpd ~ jh
gq w [ Z y sk j? . fJfsjk;e jtkb/ th fJj rZ b ;gZ F N eod/ jB fe r[ o { ;kfjpkB B/
nkgD/ ;oho Bkb' I Fpd ~ wjZ s sk fdZ s h. @@r[ o [ gow/ ; o[ J/ e ' ikD[ # # s[ e ftZ u
df;nk j? fe gq w kswk s/ r[ o { fJZ e o{ g jB, feT[ I fe r[ o { pz d rh$pyfFF d[ n kok T[ ;
dk jh o{ g pD iKdk j? . gq w kswk dk o{ g pDBk j' o rZ b j? , nkgD/ nkg ~ gq w kswk
nytkT[ D k j' o rZ b j? . @@i' jwe' gq w / ; o T[ u o j? I HHH## s[ e K @pfuZ s q BkNe# ftZ u
do} jB. fJjBK s[ e K ftZ u r[ o { r' f pz d f;z x ih B/ nkgD/ ;oho ~ gq w kswk nkyD
tkb/ gk;/ s' I wBK ehsk j? , feT[ I fe r[ o pkDh c[ o wkB j? fe @@;' w[ y [ ibT[ fis[
ejfj mke[ o [ i' B h..## r[ o { ;kfjp d/ efjD s' I Gkt th fJjh j? fe ;oho gq w kswk
BjhI j' ;edk, fit/ I ntskoh g[ o F nkgD/ nkg ~ gq w kswk nytkT[ I d/ jB. ;' Fpd
jh r[ o { j? . r[ o wfs ftZ u ;ohoK dh g{ i k BjhI, Fpd dh ewkJh jh ;/ F N j? .
24H gO F B L w{ b wz s q ftZ u r[ o { BkBe ;kfjp B/ @r[ o gq ; kfd# fbfynk j? , fJE/ fe; r[ o { tb
fJFkok j? <
T[ ^ so L r[ o { BkBe ;kfjp dk r[ o { nekb g[ o y ;h s/ nekb g[ o y dh Fpd o{ g h i' f s jh ;G
r[ o { ;kfjpkB nz d o w" i { d ;h s/ j[ D ;q h r[ o { rq z E ;kfjp d/ o{ g ftu w" i { d j? .
r[ o gq ; kfd ftZ u @@Fpd r[ o { # # tb jh fJFkok j? .
25H gO F B L @Grs s/ o ? wfB Gktd/ # s[ e dk noE eh j? <
T[ ^ so L noE j? , j/ tkfjr[ o { , Grs iB s/ o / wB ~ uz r / brd/ jB. fJE/ noE s/ o / Grs,
wB ~ uz r / brd/ jB BjhI ehsk ik ;edk feT[ I fe r[ o pkDh ftnkeoD nB[ ; ko
@s/ o ? # dk ;z p z X wfB Bkb j? Grs Bkb BjhI. fp;okw Grs s' I pknd j? s/ o ? s' I
pknd BjhI.
26H gO F B L eh gq w kswk nr/ fe;/ gq k gsh tk;s/ nodk; eoBh ikfJ} j? , id fe @nk;k eh
tko# ftZ u gksFkj B/ fejk j? fe T[ j eh dks j' J h i' gq w kswk s' I wz r e/ bJh
ikt/ <
T[ ^ so L pZ f unK ~ gsk jh BjhI j[ z d k fe T[ j BK d/ wkg/ T[ B Q K dhnK b' V K ~ w[ Z y oZ y e/ jo
gq e ko dhnK uh}K t;sK dk gq p z X eoe/ oZ y d/ jB. fJT[ I jh ;kvk fgsk gq w kswk
;kv/ tk;s/ jo uh} dk gq p z X eoe/ oZ y dk j? . pZ u / nkgD/ wkfgnK e' b ' I fijVh
ikfJ} uh} wz r d/ jB T[ j T[ B Q K ~ fwb iKdh j? , BkikfJ} wz r BjhI wz B h iKdh.
pZ f unK ~ Bk gsk j' D ekoB T[ j nkgD/ wkfgnK e' b ' I cfonkdK gkT[ I d/ jh ofjz d /
jB. fiT[ I _fiT[ I T[ j tZ v / j[ z d / iKd/ jB, T[ j BK ~ ;wM nkT[ I dh iKdh j? fe T[ B Q K
dk pkg{ T[ B Q K dhnK b' V K g{ o hnK eo d/ t / r k, T[ j BK dk o" b k-oZ g k xNdk ikJ/ r k ns/
p/ b ' V k F' o -Fokpk pz d j' ikt/ r k. fJT[ I jh ;kvk ;z p z X gq w kswk Bkb j? . n;hI
p/ ; po/ j' e/ jh o" b k gkT[ I d/ jK go ;kvk fgsk gq w kwswk ;kvhnK ;kohnk ikfJ}
 wz r K wz B dk j? ns/ fpBK g[ Z S / ;kv/ fBopkj dk gq p z X eodk j? . ;k~ ;z s ' y h (;po
tkb/ ) pDBk ukjhdk j? ns/ jkJ/ s' p k BjhI wukT[ D h ukjhdh.
ftD[ p' f bnk ;G[ feS[ ikDdk,
fe;[ nkr/ ehu? nodkf;..
(;b' e wL Á, gz B k ¿ÂÀ¾)
27H gO F B L @@jT[ w ? dhox o' r [ j? , dko{ Gh fJ;[ wkfj## fJ; se[ d/ noE dZ ; ' <
T[ ^ so L fJj s[ Z e @@nk;k eh tko## dh ;Z s thI gT[ V h Bkb fdZ s / r[ o { nz r d d/ t ih d/ ;b' e
ftu' I j? . r[ o { ;kfjp c[ o wkT[ I d/ jB fe jT[ w ? (jz e ko) bz w h d/ o ofjD tkbk noEks
tZ v k o' r j? go fJ; o' r dk fJbki th j? . fJ; dk fJbki nrbhnK s[ e K ftZ u
df;nk frnk j? , i' fJT[ I jB_
feogk eo/ i/ nkgDh, sk r[ o ek ;pd[ ewkfj|
BkBe[ ej? ;[ D j[ iBj[ , fJs[ ;z i fw d[ y ikfj|
Gkt i/ tkfjr[ o { nkgDh feogk eo/ sK wB[ Z y r[ o { Fpd ~ ewkT[ D bZ r iKdk j?
Gkt r[ o { d/ T[ g d/ F #s/ ubdk j' f Jnk @@Bkw## igD bZ r iKdk j? . r[ o { nz r d d/ t
ih efjz d / jB fe j/ b' e ' ;[ D ' ! r[ o { dk T[ g d/ F ewkT[ D (Bkw igD) dh i[ r sh Bkb
jT[ w ? dk d[ Z y d{ o j' iKdk j? .
r[ o { BkBe d/ t ih B/ fJ; Gkt ~ fJT[ I fpnkB ehsk j? _
ik jfo gq f G feogk Xkoh|
sk jT[ w ? ftuj[ wkoh| (gz B k ÆÅÇ)
Gkt id' I gq G { B/ nkg fe;/ iht #s/ feogk ehsh sd' I jh iht B/ nkgD/ nz d o' I
jT[ w ? I d{ o ehsh. gq G { dh feogk ;dek ;Z u / r[ o { Bkb w/ b j' f Jnk, fi; s' I nz f wq s
Bkw dh dks gq k gs j' J h, fi; ~ ig e/ jT[ w ? dk Bk; j' f Jnk.
28H gO F B L sq ? r[ D dk noE ;gZ F N eoe/ dZ ; ' <
T[ ^ so L sq ? r[ D dk noE j? L wkfJnk d/ fsz B r[ D _ oi' , sw' , ;s' I iK oi, sw, ;s. fJj
fJ; gq e ko j? _
(T) oi r[ D L_ wkfJnk dk T[ j r[ D fijVk w' j , jz e ko nkfde dk w{ b j? .
(n) sw r[ D L_ wkfJnk dk T[ j r[ D fi; ekoB nkswe ihtB dk ;kj x[ f Nnk
ikt/ .
(;) ;s r[ D L_ wkfJnk dk T[ j r[ D fi;dk Bshik FKsh, dfJnk, dkB, fywk,
gq ; z B sk nkfde j? . fJ; nt;Ek ftZ u wB[ Z y FKsh, dfJnk nkfde ez w K #s/ }' o
fdz d k j? ns/ fJBQ K d/ eoB Bkb jh T[ ; ~ ihtB-j[ b kok fwbdk j? .
sq ? r[ D tosfj ;rb ;z ; kok, jT[ w ? ftu gfs y' J h|
r[ o w[ f y j' t ? , uT[ E k gd[ uhB? , okw Bkfw ;[ y [ j' J h|
(;' o fm wL Á, gz B k ľÂ)
;q h r[ o { nwodk; ih c[ o wkT[ I d/ jB fe wkfJnk d/ fsz B r[ D ;ko/ ;z ; ko T[ s /
nkgDk gq G kt gkJh oyd/ jB, fiBQ K d/ n;o j/ m wB[ Z y jT[ w ? ftZ u c; e/ nkgDh
fJZ } s rtk p? m dk j? go fijVk wB[ Z y r[ o { dh FoB g? I dk j? T[ j u" E / gd (nkswe
 nt;Ek) ~ gSkD b? I dk j? fiE/ wkfJnk d/ fsz B / r[ D n;o BjhI gk ;ed/ ns/
gq w kswk d/ Bkw ftZ u fNe e/ T[ j nkswe nkBz d wkDdk j? .
29H gO F B L j/ m fbyhnK s[ e K d/ noE dZ ; ' <
1H ;G s/ tvk ;kfsr[ o [ BkBe[ , fifB eb okyh w/ o h|
2H X[ f o w;sfe b/ y fby/ jfo gkJh|
r[ o { BkBe[ s[ m k w/ b ? jfo GkJh| (gz B k ÅÁÀ)
3H gq r N GJh ;rb/ i[ r nz s fo,
r[ o BkBe eh tfvnkJh| (gz B k Ä¿¿)
4H r[ o [ BkBe[ fiB ;[ f Dnk g/ f ynk,
;/ fcfo roGkf; B gfonk o/ | (gz B k Ä¿À)
5H r[ o [ BkBe[ BkBe[ jfo ;' f J.. (gz B k ÆÄÂ)
T[ ^ so L 1H ;G s/ tvk ;kfsr[ o [ BkBe[ , fifB eb okyh w/ o h|
noE L w? ~ ;G s' I tZ v k r[ o { BkBe fwb fgnk j? , fi; B/ w/ o h bki oZ y bJh
s/ w? ~ s/ o / uoBK ftZ u i' V fdZ s k.
2H X[ f o w;sfe b/ y fby/ jfo gkJh..
r[ o { BkBe[ s[ m k w/ b ? jfo GkJh.. (gz B k ÅÁÀ)
noE L j/ GkJh! X[ o dorkj s' I (fi; wB[ Z y d/ ) wZ E / T[ s / gq G { - fwbkg dk
fbfynk b/ y T[ x Vdk j? , T[ ; T[ s / r[ o { BkBe gq ; z B j[ z d k j? ns/ T[ ; ~ gowkswk
fwbk d/ I dk j? .
3H gq r N GJh ;rb/ i[ r nz s fo,
r[ o BkBe eh tfvnkJh.. (gz B k Ä¿¿)
noE L j/ BkBe! r[ o { fJj n}ws ;ko/ i[ r K ftZ u jh gosZ y T[ x V ofjz d h j? .
4H r[ o [ BkBe[ fiB ;[ f Dnk g/ f ynk,
;/ fcfo roGkf; B gfonk o/ . . (gz B k Ä¿À)
noE L fiBQ K wB[ Z y K B/ r[ o { BkBe (d/ T[ g d/ F ) ~ ;[ f Dnk j?, r[o{ BkBe doFB
ehsk j?, T[j w[V ed/ iBw woB d/ r/V BjhI g? I d/ .
5H r[ o [ BkBe[ BkBe[ jfo ;' f J.. (gz B k ÆÄÂ)
noE L j/ GkJh! r[ o { BkBe T[ ; gowkswk dk o{ g j? .
30H gO F B L j/ m fbyhnK s[ e K d/ noE dZ ; ' .
fi; e/ f;o T{ g fo sz { ;[ n kwh, ;' d[ y e? ; k gkt? |
p' f b B ikD? wkfJnk wfd wksk,
woDk uhfs B nkt? | (gz B k ÅÂÇ)
T[ ^ so L fJj Fpd r[ o { noi[ B d/ t ih dk ;{ j h okr ftu do} j? . fJ; Fpd ftZ u r[ o {
;kfjp B/ gq G { d/ ;/ t e dk toDB ehsk j? . fJjBK s[ e K ftZ u r[ o { ;kfjp c[ o wkT[ I d/
jB, @@j/ w/ o / wkbe gq G { ! fi; wB[ Z y d/ f;o #s/ sz { jZ E oy/ I T[ ; ~ e' J h d[ Z y BjhI
ftnkgdk, T[ j wB[ Z y wkfJnk d/ BF/ ftZ u w;s j' e/ sK p' b Dk jh BjhI ikDdk, w" s
dk ;fjw th T[ ; d/ fuZ s ftZ u BjhI g? d k j[ z d k.
 nkw s" o #s/ eJh eEkeko fJjBK s[ e K d/ noE eoB t/ b / gfjbh s[ Z e d/ noE
sK mhe eod/ jB, goz s { d{ i h s[ Z e d/ noE eoB ;w/ I T[ j Ngbk yk iKd/ jB s/
fJ; s[ e ~ gq G { d/ ;/ t e T[ ^ s/ xNkT[ D dh EK fe;/ wkfJnk t/ V / wBw[ Z y T[ s / xNk
fdz d / jB. goz s { Fpd dhnK ;kohnK s[ e K ftZ u id' I ;/ t e dk toDB j? sK d{ i h s[ Z e
~ ;/ t e dh pikfJ fe;/ wBw[ Z y pko/ T[ u koh ;wMDk nfrnkBsk dk bykfJe j? .
31H gO F B L ;q h r[ o { rq z E ;kfjp ftZ u r[ o { s/ r pjkdo ;kfjp dh pkDh
fet/ I do} j' J h ;h id' I fe phV ;q h r[ o { noiB d/ t ih B/ fsnko eotkJh ;h<
T[ ^ so L ;q h r[ o { noiB d/ t ih B/ GkJh r[ o dk; ih gk;' I ;q h r[ o { rq z E ;kfjp dh nkfd phV
fsnko eotkJh ;h, fi; ftZ u B" t / I gksFkj dh pkDh do} BjhI j? . wro' I ;q h r[ o {
r' f pz d f;z x ih B/ dwdwk ;kfjp fty/ GkJh wBh f;z x ih gk;' I BthI phV fi; ~
@dwdwh phV# fejk iKdk j? fsnko eotkJh fi; ftu @nkfd phV# tkbh ;koh
pkDh ns/ ;q h r[ o { s/ r pjkdo ;kfjp dh pkDh th do} eotkJh. nZ i eZ b Q
r[ o d[ n kfonK ftZ u @dwdwh phV# dk gq e kF ehsk iKdk j? .
32H gO F B L @nkyfD i' o [ u[ g ? Bj i' o [ # gT[ V h dk eh noE Gkt j? <
T[ ^ so L fJ; gT[ V h dk Gkt fJj j? fe n;hI gq G { dh e[ d os dk gkoktko BjhI gk ;ed/ .
T[ ; p/ n z s wkbe dk nz s bGDk iht d/ t; dh rZ b BjhI. iht jo ez w bJh gq G { #s/
fBoGo j? , T[ j ;woE BjhI, ;woE gq G { j? . gq G { ;k~ ;G ez w eoB d/ ;woE
pDkT[ I dk j? .
33H gO F B L ofjDh oj? ;' J h f;Z y w/ o k. Uj ;kfjp w? T[ ; ek u/ o k. fJ; ouBk ftu eJh
gq u koe @;kfjp# bc} p' b d/ jB, eJh @mke[ o # bc} p' b d/ jB. mhe fejVk j? <
T[ ^ so L ;kfjp s/ mke[ o d' t / I jh mhe jB, fJBQ K dk noE fJe' jh j? fit/ I _
s/ o / etB etB r[ D efj efj rktk
s{ ;kfjp r[ D h fBXkBk..
s[ w oh wfjwk pofB B ;keT[
sz { mke[ o T{ u GrtkBk.. (;{ j h wL Â, gz B k ÅÁÃ)
@r[ o wfs ;[ X keo# (feq s GkJh ekBQ f;z x ) ftZ u fJj s[ e fJT[ I fbyh j' J h j? _
ofjDh oj? ;' J h f;Z y w/ o k, Uj mke[ o , w? I T[ ; ek u/ o k.
@nz f wq s ehosB# ftZ u fJj s[ e fJT[ I j? _
ofjDh oj? ;' J h f;Z y w/ o k, T[ j mke[ o w? T[ ; ek u/ o k.
@ykb;k ofjs gq e kF# (gz u ykb;k dhtkB) ftZ u fJT[ I fbfynk j' f Jnk j? _
ofjDh oj? ;' J h f;z x w/ o k. Uj ;kfjp w? T[ ; ek u/ o k.
;q H s/ i k f;z x (gq h s Bro) s/ j' o pj[ s ;ko/ fbykohnK B/ @;kfjp# jh fbfynk
j? . fJj s[ e K r[ o pkDh ftu' I BjhI jB, ;r' I GkJh d/ ; k f;z x d/ ofjsBkw/ ftZ u jB.
fJBQ K dh p' b h s/ F? b h ~ w[ Z y oZ y fdnK @;kfjp# Fpd tX/ o / Y[ e tK j? , fJ;
ofjsBkw/ dh e' J h g[ o ksB jZ E fbys ekgh BjhI fwbdh, fi; s' I fJ; pko/ nkyoh
fBoDk j' ;e/ .
34H gO F B L fiBQ K GZ N K dh pkDh ;q h r[ o { rq z E ;kfjp ftZ u do} j? , T[ B Q K d/ BK d;Z D dh feogk
eoBh ih.
T[ ^ so L T[ B Q K GZ N K d/ Bkw fJj jB _
(1) ebQ , fi;d/ d{ i / Bkw @eb;jko# ns/ @NbQ # jB.
(2) ikbg, fi;dk d{ i k Bkw @ibQ # j? .
(3) ehos (Â) fGZ y k (Ã) ;bQ (Ä) GbQ (Å) BbQ (Æ) r:z d (Ç) wEok (¿¾) pbQ
(¿¿) jfopz ;
eZ b ;jko fJBQ K dk iZ E / d ko ;h, fJj ;ko/ ob e/ r[ o { noiB d/ t ih d/ doFBK
~ nkJ/ ;B.
35H gO F B L r[ o pkDh ftZ u nkJ/ Fpd @BT[ - fBfX# s' I eh Gkt j? < fJ; pko/ r[ o wfs f;XKs eh
j? <
T[ ^ so L fBXh dk noE y}kBk iK XB d" b s j? . g[ o ksB rz q E K ftZ u B" I fBXhnK frDhnK
rJhnK jB, fiBQ K dk wkbe d/ t fsnK dk y}kBuh @e[ p / o # j? . frDsh fJ; gq e ko j?
_ gdw, wjKgdw, Fz y , weo, eZ S g, w[ e z d , e[ z d , Bhb s/ tou.
don;b fJj eJh gq e ko d/ ehwsh osB jB, fiBQ K dk w[ Z b p/ n z d k}
nBwkfBnk frnk j? . :' r ;kXBK eoB tkb/ ifrnk;{ fJj nk; eod/ jB fe jm-
sg Bkb f;Z X hnK s/ fBZ X hnK th fwb iKdhnK jB.
b/ f eB r[ o { ;kfjp B/ fJjh f;XKs fdZ s k j? fe gq G { dh :kd Bkb fJj XB ;z g dk
d/ ;ko/ XB gdkoE nkgD/ nkg gq k gs j' iKd/ jB_
gq G e? f;wofB fofX f;fX BT[ fBfX|
gq G e? f;wofB frnkB[ fXnkB[ ss[ p[ f X|
(rT[ V h ;[ y wBh wL Ã, gz B k ÀÄÀ)
BT[ fBfX nz f wq s [ gq G ek Bkw[ |
d/ j h wfj fJ; ek fp;q k w|
(gz B k ÀÇÁ)
r[ o f;Z y B/ sK e/ t b gq G { d/ Bkw dh jh wz r eoBh j? L
wz r Dk s ;u[ fJe[ , fi;[ s[ f ; d/ t ? nkfg|
fis[ ykX? wB[ fsq g shn? , BkBe ;kfjp dkfs| (gz B k ÁÀ¿)
37H gO F B L j/ m fbyhnK s[ e K ftZ u @;kXB# Fpd dk F[ Z X T[ u koD @;kXB, ;kX B, ;k XB# ftu' I
fejVk mhe j? <
(T) fJnkDh pkbh fenk eo/ , ik XB ez s B Gkt? |
eoD gbkj eo/ pj[ s / o / , ;k XB wjb[ B gkt? |
(fsbz r wL ¿, gz B k ÅÀÀ)
(n) ig[ sg[ ;z i w[ Xow[ B ewkfJnk|
;/ t k ;kX B ikfBnk jfo okfJnk|
(nk;k wL Ã, gz B k ÁÅÆ)
(J) ;z s B d[ y gkJ/ s/ d[ y h| ;[ y gkJ/ ;kX[ B e/ ;[ y h|
 (efp:' p ku p/ B sh, u" g Jh)
fJBQ K s[ e K d/ noE th dZ ; ' <
T[ ^ so L (T) fJBQ K s[ e K ftZ u ;kXB dk ;jh T[ u koD @;k XB# j? , fi;dk noE j? T[ j iht
fJ;sq h l fit/ I fe T[ g obh ;so ftZ u @ik XB# j? . d' B K s[ e K d/ noE fJT[ I jB _
nz R kD iht-fJ;sq h (fJnkDh pkbh) eh eo ;edh j? i/ T[ j iht fJ;sq h (;k
XB) y;w gq G { (ez s ) ~ uz r h jh Bk br/ < ni/ j h iht-fJ;sq h (;k XB) Gkt/ I fez B /
jh sob/ (eoD gbkj) gJh eo/ , T[ j gsh-gq G { dk wjb (xo) BjhI bZ G ;edh.
(n) fJBQ K gz r shnk ftZ u F[ Z X T[ u koD @;kX Bk# j? . fit/ I @Xow Bk ewkfJnk# fst/ I
jh @;/ t k ;kX Bk ikfBnk# T[ u koD eoBk j? . d' B K gz r shnk d/ noE jB _
j/ gq G { gksFkj (jfo okfJnk)! w? I e' J h ig BjhI ehsk e' J h sg BjhI ehsk,
e' J h ;z i w BjhI ;kfXnk, fJj' fijk e' J h j' o Xow th BjhI ehsk, w? I sK s/ o / ;z s
iBK (r[ o w[ y K) dh ;/ t k eoB dh iku Gh BjhI f;Z y h.
nrbhnK s[ e K (ej[ BkBe jw Bhu eoz w k.. ;ofD go/ eh okyj[ ;owk..) ftZ u
p/ B sh ehsh rJh j? fe w? I pVk wz d -eowh jK, FoB gJ/ dh w/ o h bki oZ y ' ih
(J) u" g Jh ftZ u mhe T[ u koD @;kX[ B # j? fi; dk noE j? ;kX{ n K, fJBQ K gz r shnK d/
noE jB_
i' ;z s K ~ d[ Z y fwbD s/ d[ y h j[ z d h s/ ;kX{ n K ~ ;[ Z y fwbD s/ ;[ y h j[ z d k j? .
bVh i' V B bJh nrbhnK d' s[ e K (J/ e J/ e eh gho gSkB? . . xN xN e/ gN gN eh
ikB? ) Bkb obkD Bkb pz d g{ o k j' iKdk j? ns/ gfjbhnK gz r shnK d/ noE j' o
T[ x V nkT[ I d/ jB. fJBQ K s[ e K d/ noE jB_
gq G { jo fJZ e dk dod (gho noEks ghV) wfj;{ ; eodk j? ns/ fdbK d/ r[ Z M /
G/ d ~ ikDdk j? .
38H gO F B L @r[ o wfs Xow[ Xhoi[ jfo BkfJ.. BkBe Bkw[ fwb? r[ D rkfJ..# fJ; s[ e dh
ftnkfynk eo' .
T[ ^ so L fJ; s' I gfjbh s[ e j? , @fpB r[ o rop[ B w/ f Nnk ikfJ.# fJBQ K fsz B K s[ e K dk noE
j? L
@r[ o { dh FoB g? D s' I fpBK jz e ko nz d o' I fwNkfJnk BjhI ik ;edk. fijVk
wB[ Z y r[ o { dh f;fynk XkoB eodk j? , T[ j Xhoi Xkodk j? , i' fe (Xhoi) pVk
T[ ^ uk Xow j? . j/ BkBe! r[ o { dh f;fynk #s/ s[ f onK jh gowkswk dk Bkw gq k gs
j[ z d k j? , s/ iht gowkswk dh f;cs ;bkj eodk j? .
39H gO F B L r[ o { rq z E ;kfjp ftZ u fez B / r[ o { ;kfjpkB, GrsK, GZ N K s/ f;Z y K dh pkDh do} j? <
T[ ^ so L r[ o { rq z E ;kfjp ftZ u r[ o { BkBe d/ t ih, r[ o { nz r d ;kfjp, r[ o { nwodk; ih, r[ o {
okwdk; ih, r[ o { noiB d/ t ih, r[ o { s/ r pjkdo ;kfjp (S/ r[ o { n K) dh pkDh do}
j? . gz d oK GrsK (Grs epho, Bkwd/ t , oftdk;, sob' u B, Xz B k, ;? B , i? d / t , ghgk,
;{ o dk;, cohd, gowkBz d , ;XDk, p/ D h, GhyD s/ okwkBz d ih) dh pkDh do} j? .
frnkoK GZ N K (eb;jko, ikbg, ehos, fGyk, ;bQ , GbQ , BbQ , r:z d , wE[ o k, pb s
 jopz ; ih) dh pkDh do} j? . fsz B f;Z y K (pkpk ;[ z d o, opkph ;Z s k s/ pbtz v ih)
dh pkDh do} j? .
i' ;b' e wodkBk ih d/ Bkw s/ T[ u koB ehs/ jB, T[ j r[ o { BkBe ;kfjp d/ jB.
GkJh wodkBk ih d/ BjhI.
40H gO F B L @r[ o f;y t[ V hnB, ;Bw[ y r' s / # dk eh noE j? <
T[ ^ so L fJj GkJh r[ o dk; ih dh ouBk j? . GkJh ;kfjp B/ ;ys skVBk eod/ j' J /
c[ o wkfJnk j? fe r[ o { d/ f;Z y Kdh e' J h r' s BjhI, fJe' r' s ;Bw[ y sk j? .
41H gO F B L @nkB o{ s h nkB p' J hn? cb[ B c{ b ? skfj#. gz B k ¿¾¾À s/ do} fJ; gz r sh d/ Gkt
noE eh jB< eh fJ; dk T[ u koB @@nkB o[ s hnk B p' J hJ/ cb[ B c{ b ? skfj## eoBk
gt/ r k<
T[ ^ so L fJ; s[ e dk ;jh T[ u koB @@nkB o{ s h, nkB p' J hn? , cb[ B c{ b ? skfj## j? fi;dk
noE j? fe i/ o[ Z s e' J h j' t / , phi e' J h j' o phi d/ J hJ/ sK T[ ; ~ Bk jh c[ Z b bZ r dk
j? ns/ Bk jh cb.
i/ n;hI fJ;dk T[ u koB @@nkB o[ s hnk B p' J hJ/ # # eoKr/ sK fJ; dk noE
pD/ r k _ @j' o o[ Z s K ftZ u Bk phihJ/ # ns/ fJ; Bkb ;ko/ Fpd d/ noE T[ b N g[ b N
j' ikDr/ .
T[ g o' e s s[ e dk Gkt noE fJj j? fe fJj wB[ Z y k ihtB gq w kswk dk Bkw
phiD bJh Y[ e tK ;wK j? . i/ fJ; ;w/ I ftZ u Bkw Bk phfink iK j' o e' J h phi
phfink (Gkt j' o nkjoK ftZ u br/ oj/ ) sK e' J h bkG BjhI j' t / r k.
42H gO F B L nkfd r[ o { rq z E ;kfjp ih d/ gz B k ¿¿ÇÁ T[ s / @wjb[ Ã..Á..¿..# dk eh noE j?
ih<
T[ ^ so L @wjb[ Ã# dk noE j? ;oho gz i tK, r[ o { BkBe dk gz i tK ;oho Gkt r[ o { noiB d/ t
ih dh T[ u koB ehsh j' J h pkDh. fJ;/ jh soQ K wjbk ¿ iK wjbk gfjbk dk noE
j? L r[ o { BkBe dk gfjbk ;oho Gkt r[ o { BkBe d/ t ih dh T[ u koh pkDh ns/ wjbk
d{ i k, shik, u" E k s/ B" t K dk noE j? r[ o { BkBe dk d{ i k ;oho (r[ o { nz r d d/ t ih),
r[ o { BkBe dk shik ;oho (r[ o { nwodk; ih), r[ o { BkBe dk u" E k ;oho (r[ o {
okwdk; ih) ns/ r[ o { BkBe dk B" t K ;oho (r[ o { s/ r pjkdo ih) Gkt d{ i / shi/ ,
u" E / s/
B" t / I r[ o { dh T[ u koh j' J h pkDh.
¿¿ÇÁ gz B / #s/ ;q h r[ o { noiB d/ t ih dh T[ u koB ehsh @p;z s eh tko# do} j?
fi; dhnK fsz B gT[ V hnK jB. jo gT[ V h d/ nz s ftZ u T[ ; dk Bz p o (nz e ) ¿, À, Á
fdZ s k j' f Jnk j? . fsz B Bz p o dk nz e ftZ u J/ e / (¿) s' I gq r N j[ z d k j? fe fJ; gq e ko
dh fJ; okr ftZ u fJe' jh ouBk j? , fJ; G/ d ~ ;wMD bJh nkU ¿¿ÆÀ gz B / s' I
F[ o { j[ z d / @;[ f D ;kyh wB ifg fgnko# tkb/ FpdK tZ b fXnkB d/ J hJ/ . @p;z s [ wjbk
à xo ¿ d[ s [ e hnk# d/ f;ob/ y j/ m nZ m K-nZ m K pz d K tkb/ fJj e[ b d' Fpd jB.
Fpd d/ jo pz d dk nz e fdZ s k j' f Jnk j? ns/ nz s ftZ u e[ Z b i' V fJT[ I j? _
..Æ..À.. fi; dk Gkt j? nZ m K pz d K tkb/ _ 2 Fpd.
43H gO F B L gz B k ÅÄÁ #s/ @wjbk à r[ D tz s h# tkbk Fpd j? . sseo/ ftZ u fJj fpd @wjbk ¿
euih# d/ f;ob/ y j/ m do} j? ns/ fJ; dk nz e ..Á.. j? fJ; dk eh Gkt j? .
T[ ^ so L sseo/ ftZ u @wjbk ¿ e[ u ih# d/ f;ob/ y j/ m fJ; bVh d/ fsz B Fpd (e[ u ih,
;[ u ih, r[ D tz s h) jB fiBQ K ftZ u gfjb/ d' Fpd wjbk gfjb/ d/ jB ns/ nz s bk s/
shik Fpd wjbk gz i tK dk j? . gz B k ÅÄÁ #s/ nz e ..Á.. fJBQ K FpdK d/ e[ b i' V ~
gq r N eodk j? .
44H gO F B L GkJh ihtB f;z x uso f;z x tb' I Skgh g[ ; se @eEk Fks ;kro# ftZ u ;[ y wBh
;kfjp d/ gfjb/ ;b' e @nkfd r[ o J/ Bwj.. i[ r kfd r[ o J/ Bwj.. ;fsr[ o J/ Bwj..
;q h r[ o d/ t J/ Bwj..# d/ noE fJ; soQ K jBL
@nkfd r[ o J/ Bwj _ :kBh ;q h r[ o { BkBe d/ t ih ~ Bw;eko. i[ r kfd r[ o J/ Bwj
_ r[ o { nz r d s/ nwodk; ih ~ Bw;eko. ;fsr[ o J/ Bwj _ r[ o { nwodk; ih ~
Bw;eko. ;q h r[ o d/ t J/ Bwj _ r[ o { okwdk; ih ~ Bw;eko.# eh fJj noE ;jh
jB< feq g k eoe/ ft;Eko Bkb ;wMkT[ ih.
T[ ^ so L fJj noE mhe BjhI jB. f;q F Nh d/ nkfd ftZ u nekb g[ o y nkg jh ;h fi;B/
fJZ e j[ e w d[ n kok ;koh d[ B hnK dk g;kok eo fdZ s k.
ehsk g;kT[ , J/ e ' etkT[ |
fs; s/ j' J / , by dohnkT[ | (ig[ ih)
i[ r K d/ w[ Z Y s' I T[ j h fJZ e nekb g[ o y (>) ;G s' I tZ v k j? . ;ko/ f;Z y r[ o {
;kfjpkB ny" s h ebi[ r noEks w" i { d k ;w/ I ftZ u jh j' J / jB ns/ ;ko/ jh BkBe
r[ o d/ t (;fsr[ o { BkBe d/ t ih) dh jh i' s jB.
;b' e dh gfjbh gz r sh ftZ u nekb g[ o y ~ Bw;eko ehsh rJh s/ d{ i h gz r sh
ftZ u @BkBe i' s # noEks ;fsr[ o { (r[ o d/ t ;fsr[ o { ) ~ Bw;eko j? . ;' fJ; ;b' e
d/ noE fJT[ I jB _ w/ o h T[ ; ;G s' I tZ v / nekb g[ o y ~ Bw;eko j? i' ;G dk
w[ Z Y j? ns/ i[ r K d/ w[ Z Y s' I j? . ;fsr[ o { ~ w/ o h Bw;eko j? , ;q h r[ o { ih ~ w/ o h
Bw;eko j? .
45H gO F B L r[ o pkDh ftZ u nkJh j/ m fbyh s[ e ftu' I @Sshj nz f wq s # d/ noE dZ ; ' <
Sshj nz f wq s fifB G' i B dhJ/ . |
nz s fo EkB mjoktB eT[ dhJ/ | (gz B k Ç¿Á)
T[ ^ so L Gkos d/ g[ o ksB rq z E K ftZ u SZ s h fe;w d/ G' i BK iK fpz i BK dk jtkbk fwbdk j? , i'
fe ;[ n kd d/ gZ y s' I pV/ jh o" u e ej/ rJ/ jB. Gkosh ftdtkB S/ o; wz B d/ jB _
fwZ m k, ;b{ D k, uNgNk, e;? b k, yZ N k s/ e" V k. fJBQ K S/ o;K ~ fJZ e -d{ i / Bkb fwbk e/
SZ s h fe;w d/ G' i B fsnko ehs/ iKd/ jB.
T[ g o' e s s[ e K d/ noE fJ; gq e ko jB L j/ GkJh! fi; gowkswk B/ s? ~ nB/ e K
fe;wK d/ ;[ n kdb/ ykD/ fdZ s / , fJBQ K ykfDnK ~ j}w eoB bJh s/ o / nz d o fwjdk
nkfde nz r pDkJ/ (T[ ; wkbe gq G { d/ uoB nkgD/ fuZ s ftZ u go/ oZ y .)
46H gO F B L ;q h r[ o { rq z E ;kfjp ftZ u gz r sh j? _ @gq E w/ wkyB[ gkS? d{ X [ . . w? b [ ehB' ;kp[ B [
;{ X [ . .# wZ y D gfjbK ns/ d[ Z X fgZ S ' I fet/ I j' ;edk j? ns/ w? b ~ ;kpD tKr F[ Z X
fet/ I ehsk ik ;edk j? <
T[ ^ so L T[ g o' e s s[ e r[ o { noiB d/ t ih d/ T[ u koB ehs/ j' J / Fpd ftZ u gz B k Ç00 T[ g o
do} j? . fJ; Fpd ftZ u gq G { d/ n;uoi ez w k dk toBD ehsk frnk j? . fJE/
wkyB, d[ [ Z X , w? b ns/ ;kpD ;z e / s e FpdK d/ s" o #s/ tos/ rJ/ jB. ;pz f Xs s[ Z e d/
noE fJ; soQ K jB L
j/ GkJh! gfjbK d[ Z X j[ z d k j? , T[ ; ~ foVfenK T[ ; d[ Z X dk sZ s wZ y D fgS' I I
fBebdk j? , go t/ y f;q F Nh dk sZ s -wZ y D (gq w kswk) gfjbK w" i { d j? ns/ d[ Z X
(T[ ; dk g;kok-irs) fgS' I pDdk j? . fJ;/ soQ K T[ j pZ u / bJh w? b (wksk d/ bj{ ) ~
;kpD (fuZ N k d[ Z X ) pDk fdz d k j? .
;ko/ Fpd ftZ u fJj f;XKs j? fe n? ; / ;woZ E gq G { dk ;k; frok; f;woB
eod/ oj' fi;d/ j[ e w d/ nXhB ;koh f;q F Nh dk eko ftjko ub fojk j? .
47H gO F B L @@r[ o ;/ t k s/ Grfs ewkJh.. sp fJj wkB; d/ j h gkJh..## (gz B k ¿¿ÃÇ) fJ; se
dk noE ft;Eko Bkb dZ ; ' <
T[ ^ so L fJj s[ e G? o T[ okr ftZ u T[ u koB ehs/ epho ;kfjp ih d/ Fpd ftu' I j? , fi; dh
ojkT[ tkbh s[ e , fi; d[ n kb/ ;ko/ Fpd T[ b hfenk j' f Jnk j? , fJT[ I j? _ Gij[
r' f pz d G{ f b ws ikj[ | wkB; iBw ek J/ j h bkj[ | ¿| ojkT[ |
;[ n kb tkbh s[ e ~ ;wMD tk;s/ nkU gfjbK ojkT[ tkbh s[ e d/ gkt noE
wB ftZ u t;k bJhJ/ L- epho ;kfjp efjz d / jB fe j/ GkJh! r' f pz d ~ f;wo' , fJj
rZ b G[ b k Bk d/ D h. fJj f;woB jh wB[ Z y k iBw dh yZ N h ewkJh j? .
;[ n kb ftubh s[ e Bkb nrbhnK gz r shnK @fJ; d/ j h eT[ f;wofj d/ t | ;'
d/ j h, Gi[ jfo eh ;/ t |¿|# Bkb obk e/ noE fJT[ I pDd/ jB_
j/ GkJh! i/ sz { r[ o { dh ;/ t k okjhI Grsh dh ewkJh eo/ I sK jh fJj wB[ Z y k d/ j h
fwbh ;wM. fJ; d/ j h (;oho) dh ykso d/ t s/ th sKxd/ jB. s? ~ fJj d/ j h fwbh
j? , fJ; okjhI Bkw f;wo, joh dk GiB eo.
48H gO F B L @@jfo j? yKv[ o/ s [ wfj fpyoh, jkEh u[ B h B ikfJ.. efj epho r[ f o Gbh p[ M kJh,
ehNh j' f J e? ykfJ..# (gz B k ¿ÁÅÅ) fJ; ;b' e ftZ u jkEh dk T[ u koD fet/ I eoBk
j? < fJE/ jkEh dk Gkt jZ E K Bkb j? iK tZ v k jkEh<
T[ ^ so L fJ; ;b' e ftZ u ;jh T[ u koD jkEh jh j? fijVk irs ftZ u ;G s' I tZ v k ikBto j? .
@@jkEh u[ B h B ikfJ## dk Gkt noE j? fe o/ s / ftZ u fyz v h j' J h yz v jkEh gk;' I BjhI
u[ D h ik ;edh. i/ n;hI jkEh dk noE jZ E K Bkb eod/ jK sK rbs j? feT[ I fe jZ E K
Bkb sK yz v d/ feDe/ u[ D jh BjhI ;ed/ jK. jkEh dk noE jZ E K Bkb eoB Bkb
;ko/ ;b' e dk noE Gkt jh pdb iKdk j? . ;jh T[ u koD @jkEh# eoB Bkb fJ;
;b' e d/ noE fJT[ jBL-
@gq G { dk Bkw, wkB' , o/ s / ftZ u fyZ b oh j' J h yz v j? , fijVh jkEh gk;' I BjhI u[ D h
ik ;edh. epho ;kfjp efjz d / jB fe g{ o / ;fsr[ o { B/ uz r h ;' M h fdZ s h j? fe wB[ Z y
 ehVh pD e/ fJj yz v yk ;edk j? . # Gkt tZ v h Fesh ns/ neko tkbk noEks
jz e koh iht gq G { d/ Bkw dh gq k gsh BjhI eo ;edk, rohph noEks jbhwh tkb/
;[ G kn tkbk pz d k jh Bkw f;woB eo ;edk j? .
49H gO F B L @;tZ J hJ/ wjb/ gfjb/ e/ ¿# ftZ u ¿ nz e gVQ B k ukjhdk j? iK BjhI<
T[ ^ so L fJE/ ¿ nz e gVQ D dh b' V BjhI. fJ;/ soQ K ;tJhJ/ wjb/ d{ i / e/ À, ;tJhJ/ wjb/
shi/ e/ Á ftZ u À ns/ Á nz e T[ u koB eoB dh b' V BjhI.
50H gO F B L ;q h r[ o { rq z E ;kfjp ih d/ gz B k ¿¿ÇÁ #s/ fbfynk j? _ @p;z s eh tko wjb[ Ã|#
fJE/ wjb[ dk noE ns/ T[ u koB eh j? <
T[ ^ so L wjb[ ns/ wjbk dk fJe' jh noE j? _ ;oho. fJ; bJh wjbk à iK wjb[ à dk
noE j? _ r[ o { BkBe d/ t ih gz i t/ I ;oho ftZ u , Gkt r[ o { noiB d/ t ih. @wjb[ #
dk T[ u koB nZ X e s' I fpBK @wjb# jh j' t / r k.
51H gO F B L ;q h r[ o { rq z E ;kfjp d/ gz B k ÁÂÆ T[ s / nk;k wjbk Â, ;' g[ o yHHH tkb/ Fpd ~ ;'
do[ d/ pknd fdsk frnk j? ns/ nz e |Ã|À| j? . fJE/ |Ã| sK gz u gd/ bJh j? go
|À| d/ pko/ ikDekoh fdT[ .
T[ ^ so L ;q h r[ o { rq z E ;kfjp ftZ u jo okr ftZ u fJj fB:w ngDkfJnk frnk j? fe gfjbK
xo ¿ d/ Fpd, fco xo À, xo Á, xo ¿Å d/ Fpd fdZ s / rJ/ jB.
@;' g[ o y[ # tkbk Fpd xo ¿ dk d{ i k Fpd j? fJ; bJh |À| nz e gkfJnk
j' f Jnk j? . fJ; s' I pknd xo À d/ gfjb/ Fpd d/ nz s ftZ u ..Â.. uT[ g d/ bJh j?
ns/ ..¿.. dk Gkt j? , fJ; okr ftZ u xo À dk gfjbk Fpd.
52H gO F B L j/ m fbyh s[ e dk F[ Z X T[ u koD dZ ; ' _
@jT[ wB[ nogh ;G[ sB[ nogh nogh ;fG d/ ; k|# nogh T[ s / fpz d h bkDh j? fe
BjhI< d/ ; k dk eh noE j? <
T[ ^ so L fJ; s[ e ftZ u nkJ/ FpdK dk F[ Z X T[ u koD ns/ noE Gkt ;wMD bJh nkU! gfjbK
d' t / I s[ e K ~ noX ftFokw fuBQ brk e/ fby bJhJ/ _
jT[ wB[ nogh, ;G[ sB[ nogh, nogh ;fG d/ ; k|
jT[ f;o[ nogh, fs;[ whs fgnko/ , i' gq G d/ f J ;d/ ; k|
(gz B k ÀÂÅ)
fJ; soQ K eoB Bkb ;jh T[ u koD ns/ noE nkgD/ nkg T[ ^ xV nkT[ I d/ jB.
nogh ~ fpz d h brk e/ p' b D Bkb @noghI# Fpd dk noE noG fdnK (G/ N eo
fdnK) ;kc }kjo j' iKdk j? . fJ;/ jh soQ K @jT[ # ~ fpz d h brk e/ @jT[ I # dk noE
j? @w? I #.
d/ ; dk pj[ s tuB d/ ; k j? . gz i kph T[ u koD d/ ; k jh j? go fjz d h, ;z ; feq s
T[ u koD @;# d/ g? o ftZ u fpz d h brk e/ p' b D Bkb d/ F s/ d/ F k pD iKdk j? . ;k~
F[ Z X gz i kph T[ u koD @;/ ; k# jh tosDk ukjhdk j? . fi; dk noE w[ b e j? , ;G d/ ; k
_ ;ko/ d/ ; (w[ b e) Gkt frnkB fJz d / . fJt/ I jh ;d/ ; k dk noE j? ;[ B / j k.
53H gO F B L ;q h r[ o { rq z E ;kfjp d/ gz B k ¿¾¿Ç #s/ @fi;[ frq f j pj[ s [ fs;? frq f j fuz s k# T[ g o
fbfynk j' f Jnk j? _ @wko{ wjbk à xo[ Æ nz i [ b hnk#. fJ; dk eh noE j? <
 T[ ^ so L wko{ wjbk à dk noE j? okr wko{ ftZ u gz i t/ I wjb/ noEks gz i t/ I BkBe ;q h r[ o {
noiB d/ t ih dh pkDh. xo[ Æ dk Gkt j? fe fJ; Fpd ~ nZ m t/ I ;P o gq ; sko
nEtk skb nB[ ; ko rkT[ D k j? .
nz i [ b h dk noE j? fgso d/ t sk nkfde ~ gkDh dh u[ b h noEks w' J / gq k Dh
bJh fsbKibh. ;fsr[ o { ih B/ fJ; ~ nftZ f dnk eow dZ ; e/ nkgD/ f;Z y K ~ nekb
g[ o y dk GkDk wz B D dh F[ G f;fynk d/ D bJh @nz i [ b h# d/ f;ob/ y j/ m wko{ okr
ftZ u Fpd T[ u koB ehs/ jB. gz B k ¿¾¾Å #s/ wko{ nz i [ b h wL à xo Å d/ f;ob/ y
j/ m @;z i ' r [ X[ o j[ jh j' n k# Bkb Fpd F[ o { j[ z d / jB id fe gz B k ¿¾¿Ç #s/ @fi;[
frq f j pj[ s [ fs;? frq f j fuz s k# nz i bh Fpd dk pj[ tuB j? fi; ftZ u @nK# s/ fpz d h
bk e/ nz i [ b hnK T[ u koD ehsk iKdk j? .
54H gO F B L Gkt/ I r[ o pkDh nB[ ; ko @fofX f;fX ntok ;kd# j? go i/ e' J h nkgD/ ;[ n kd tk;s/
fe;/ dh xo/ b { f}z d rh ftZ u }fjo x' b d/ t / , gq t ko d/ ihnK ~ phwkoh iK fJ; s' I
th fGnkBe vo d/ t / iK T[ ; dh o' } dh f}z d rh yokp eo d/ t / sK T[ ; ;Z i D ~
nkgD/ pukU bJh eh eoBk ukjhdk j? <
T[ ^ so L nkU fJ; gq F B dk T[ ^ so nkgD/ i[ r ' i[ r nNZ b ;fsr[ o { ;q h r[ o { rq z E ;kfjp s' I
g[ Z S hJ/ fe fJ; ;z p z X ftZ u T[ B Q K dk eh T[ g d/ / F j? < fpbktb okr ftZ u nz e s e[ M
FpdK dhnk j/ m fbyhnK s[ e K ~ ftukoB Bkb ;k~ ;jh ;/ X fwb iKdh j? _
(¿) d{ y [ B bkr? ed/ s[ X gkopq j w[ fusko/ |
iw ez e o[ B/ f V B nktJh, r[ o f;y fgnko/ | ¿| ojkT[ |
(À) okw Bkw[ i' iB[ ig? nBfdB[ ;d ikr? |
sz s [ wz s [ Bj i' j Jh, fss[ uky[ B bkr? | ojkT[ |
(gz B k Æ¿Å-¿Æ)
(Á) sksh tkT[ B brJh, gkopq j w ;oDkJh|
uT[ f rod jwko? okw eko d[ y [ br? B GkJh| (gz B k Æ¿Ç)
;fsr[ o { ;Z u / gksFkj ;kc-;kc efj oj/ jB fe n? fgnko/ r[ o f;Z y ! i/ sz { gq G {
~ nkgD/ fuZ Z s ftZ u t;kJh oZ y / I rk sK s? ~ ed/ th e' J h d[ Z y g' j Bjhi ;e/ r k. d[ Z y
sK fJZ e gk;/ oj/ iwd{ s th s/ o / B/ V / BjhI nkt/ r k. fijVk wB[ Z y gq G { dk Bkw igdk
ofjz d k j? T[ j jo t/ b / ftekoK tb' I ;[ u / s ofjz d k j? . e' J h ikd{ N{ D k (sz s [ wz s [ ) T[ ;
T[ s / n;o BjhI eo ;edk s/ e' J h G? V h B}o (uky[ ) T[ ; ~ BjhI bZ r ;edh. gq G {
dh FoB fgnk nkXhnK fpnkXhnK (wkBf;e s/ ;ohoe o' r ) dk ;/ e BjhI brdk.
r[ o { e/ f;Z y K d/ d[ n kb/ gq G { d/ Bkw dh fJZ e gq e ko dh beho j? fi; dh poes Bkb
e' J h d[ Z y B/ V / BjhI cNe ;edk.
i/ e' J h pz d k fe;/ #s/ ikd{ N{ D k eodk j? ns/ T[ ; d/ sz s q wz s q dk n;o
ep{ f bnk iKdk j? sK fJ; ftZ u ;kok e;{ o ;kvk jh j? . gfjbh rZ b sK fJj j? fe
n;hI f;Z y K tkbk G/ y jh pDkJh p? m / jK, r[ o f;Z y h tkbh e' J h rZ b ;kv/ ftZ u BjhI
j? . n;hI fBr[ o / jh nkgD/ nkg ~ f;Z y j' D dhnK vhrK wko oj/ jK. i/ nz f wq s th
Se fbnk j? sK th r[o{ eh eko (Bkw igDk) BjhI eod/, T[ ; d/ j[ e wK dh gq t kj BjhI
 eod/ . e[ o fjsK eod/ ;k~ Fow BjhI nkT[ I dh, gfss j' e/ th n;hI nkgD/ nkg ~
T[ ^ u/ r[ o f;Z y dZ ; d/ jK.
nkU! n;hI nkg/ jh gVu' b eohJ/ fe ;kv/ ftZ u eh T[ e kJh j? . ;fsr[ o {
pyfFz d j? , ;kv/ n" r [ D K ~ BjhI fustdk. b' V e/ t b wB ~ F[ Z X eoB dh j? ,
nkgDhnK G[ Z b K dh w[ n kch wz r e/ f;Z X / okj g? ikJhJ/ .
55H gO F B L @ip jh f;nko[ f;z x eT[ ykfJ.. c{ f b ojh ;rbh pBokfJ..# ftdtkBK B/ f;nko[
dk noE frZ d V ehsk j? , gq z s { frZ d V sK F/ o ~ yk BjhI ;edk. ;' fJ; d/ noE
;gZ F N eo' ih<
T[ ^ so L ;z p z f Xs s[ Z e ;q h r[ o { rq z E ;kfjp ih d/ gz B k ¿¿Ä¿ T[ ^ go ;[ F ' f Gs j? ns/ Grs
epho ih dh T[ u koB ehsh j' J h j? . fJE/ f;nko[ ns/ f;z x ;z e / s e FpdK d/ s" o #s/
tos/ rJ/ jB. f;nko[ dk noE j? fBwosk ns/ f;z x dk noE j? jz e ko. fJE/ fJj
dZ f ;nk frnk j? fe i/ ;kv/ nz d o jz e ko j' t / sK e' J h r[ D j[ z f dnK j' f JnK th jz e ko
dh bg/ N ftZ u nk e/ ysw j' iKdk j? ns/ i/ fBwosk nk ikt/ sK fJ; Bkb jz e ko
th ysw j' iKdk j? ns/ j' o r[ D th gq c [ b s j[ z d / jB.
T[ g obh s[ Z e s' I gfjbh s[ Z e fJ; gq e ko j? L ip br[ f;z x [ oj? pB wkfj| sp
br[ pB[ c{ b ? jh Bkfj|
fJBQ K d' j K s[ Z e K ~ fwbk e/ noE fJ; soQ K pDd/ jB _ id' I se fJ; fjod/
(o{ g iz r b) ftZ u jz e ko (F/ o ) ofjz d k j? se sZ e fJj fjodk_c[ b tkVh c[ Z b dh BjhI
(fjod/ ftZ u e' w b r[ D T[ x Vd/ BjhI). go id' I fBwosk (o{ g frZ d V) jz e ko (F/ o )
~ yk iKdk j? sK (fjod/ dh ;koh) pB;gsh ~ c[ Z b bZ r iKd/ jB.
56H gO F B L r[ o pkDh ftZ u wB dhnK soz r K dk f}eo nkT[ I dk j? . fJ; ;pz X ftz u j/ m fbyhnK
s[ e K d/ noE dZ ; D dh feq g kbsk eoBh ih_
(¿) T[ o fM ofjU fpfynk e? ;z r k|
wBfj fpnkgs nfBe soz r k|
(okr ;{ j h wL Ã, gz B k ÅÃÇ)
(2) g;foU nkfg j' f J nBs soz r |
by/ B ikfj gkopq j w e/ oz r |
(rT[ V h ;[ y wBh wL Ã, gz B k ÀÅÃ)
T[ ^ so L gfjbhnK s[ e K dk ;z p z X wB Bkb j? id' I fe ;[ y wBh ;kfjp tkbhnK s[ e K gq w kswk
dh ftnkgesk gq r N eodhnk jB. gfjbhnk s[ e K tkb/ Fpd ftZ u r[ o { noiB d/ t
ih wB ~ ;z p ' X B eod/ j'J/ efjzd/ jB fe j/ w/o/ wB! T[j g{oB gqwkswk fet/I bG/ < wB[ Z y
wkfJnk dh ;z r s ftZ u cf;nk ofjz d k j? , t[ ; d/ wB ~ b' G dhnK nB/ e K bfjoK
(soz r K) dpkJh oydhnK jB.
fJjBK s[ e K d/ Gkt noE dk ft;Eko eod/ j' J / r[ o { ;kfjp wB[ Z y dh dFk
fJT[ I fpnkB eod/ jB _
w' j wrB wfj ofjnk fpnkg/ |
nfs fsq ; Bk epj{ BjhI Xq k g/ | À|
 w' j dh wrBsk ftZ u dpkfJnk ofjz d k j? , jo t/ b / fJ; ~ wkfJnk dh pj[ s jh
fsq F Bk bZ r h ofjz d h j? , fe;/ t/ b / th fJ; dk wB oZ i dk BjhI.
p;fJ eo' X [ ;ohfo uz v kok|
nfrnkB B ;{ M ? wjk r[ p kok|Á|
fJ; d/ ;oho ftZ u uz v kb e' q ' X tf;nk ofjz d k j? , p/ ; wMh ekoB fJ;d/ ihtB-
;co ftZ u pVk jB/ o k ofjz d k j? fi; eoe/ fJ; ~ ;jh ihtB-o;sk BjhI ;[ Z M dk.
Gq w s fpnkgs io/ fetkok|
ikD[ B gkJhn? gq G dopkok|Â|
GNeDk ns/ wkfJnk dk d[ p kT[ , fJj d' fetkV (p{ j / ) jo t/ b / pz d ofjz d / jB
fi; ekoB fJj gq w kswk d/ dopko ftZ u gj[ z u BjhI ;edk.
nk;k nz d / ; k pz f X gokBk|
wjb[ B gkt? fcos fprkBk|Ã|
jo t/ b / wkfJnk dh nk;k ns/ fuz s k-fcoe d/ pz X B ftZ u fgnk ofjz d k j? gq G {
dh j}{ o h gq k gs BjhI eo ;edk, gq d / ; hnk tKr okj' I y[ z f Mnk j' f Jnk GNedk fcodk
j? .
;rb fpnkfX e? tf; eo dhBk|
fcos fgnk; fiT[ ib fpB[ whBk|Ä|
fJj wB[ Z y ;kohnK wkB;e phwkohnK d/ t; ftZ u nkfJnk ofjz d k j? fit/ I gkDh
s' I fpBK wZ S h sVcdh j? fst/ I fJj fsq F Bk dk wkfonk GNedk j? .
jK ih! wB[ Z y
T[ o fM ofjU fpfynk e/ ;z r k|
wBfj fpnkgs nfBe soz r k|HHHHHH
;rb fpnkfX e? tf; efo dhBk|
fcos fgnk; fiT[ ib fpB[ whBk|Ä|
;[ y wBh ;kfjp tkbhnK s[ e K_ @g;foU nkfg j' f J nBs soz r | by/ B ikfj
gkopq j w e/ oz r |# dk noE fJj j? fe ihtB dhnK p/ n s bfjoK pD e/ nekb
g[ o y nkg ;G EKJh w"i{d j?, T[; d/ y/bQ (ozr swkF/) fpnkB BjhI ehs/ ik ;ed/.
57H gO F B L @shB/ skg fBtkoDjkok d[ y jz s k ;[ y okf;| sk eT[ fpxB[ B e' T { bkr? , ik eh gq G
nkr? nodkf;| fsz B skg fejV/ jB< fJ; s[ e d/ noE ;wMkT[ .
T[ ^ so L (T) fsz B skg fJ; soQ k jB _ (1) nkfX _ wkB;e o' r (wB d/ o' r ), (2) fpnkfX
_ ;ohoe o' r , (3) T[ g kfX _ Mrv/ , mZ r h, co/ p nkfde (MrV/ Mz p / b / ) .
fJj s[ e ;q h r[ o { noiB d/ t ih d/ N' v h okr ftZ u T[ u koB ehs/ ns/ ;q h r[ o {
rq z E ;kfjp d/ gz B k Å¿Â T[ s / do} Fpd dh j? fijvk @jfo e/ uoB ewb wfB
fXnkT[ # dh gz r sh Bkb F[ o { j[ z d k j? . ;fsr[ o { ih c[ o wkT[ I d/ jB fe j/ GkJh! gq G { dk
Bkw wB[ Z y d/ nz d o' I nkfX, fpnkfX, T[ g kfX o{ g fsz B / jh skg d{ o eoB tkbk j? ,
;ko/ d[ Z y K dk Bk; eoB tkbk j? ns/ ;[ Z y K dh ok; (;owkfJnk) j? . fijVk wB[ Z y
 gq G { d/ do #s/ nodk; eodk ofjz d k j? T[ ; ~ nkgD/ ihtB gz X (o;s/ ) ftZ u e' J h
o[ e ktN BjhI nkT[ I dh.
58H gO F B L (1) BkBe s/ w[ y T[ i b/ e/ s h S[ N h Bkb.. (2) BkBe s/ w[ y T[ i b/ j' o e/ s h S[ N h
Bkfb.. d/ noE eh jB. ft;Eko ;fjs dZ ; D dh feogk eo' ih.
T[ ^ so L gfjbh gz r sh ;q h r[ o { BkBe d/ t ih dh T[ u koB ehsh j' J h pkDh @ig[ # ih d/ nz s b/
;b' e dh nz s bh s[ e dk nz s bk fjZ ; k j? ns/ d{ i h gz r sh okr wkM dh tko dh
nmkothI gT[ V h d/ ;b' e wL À dh nkyoh gz r sh j? ns/ ;q h r[ o { rq z E ;kfjp d/ gz B k
¿ÂÄ #s/ do} j? . g{ o h s[ e fJT[ I j? _
fiBh Bkw[ fXnkfJnk rJ/ w;efs xkfb| BkBe s/ w[ y T[ i b/ j' o e/ s h S[ N h
Bkfb| (wL À)
@ig[ # ih tkb/ ns/ wkM eh tko tkb/ ;b' e K ftZ u e[ M nZ y oK ns/ brK wksoK
dk jh nz s o j? id' I fe Gkt noE fJe' jh jB. _ j/ BkBe! fiBQ K wB[ Z y K B/ gq G { dk
Bkw f;wfonk j? T[ j nkgDh fwjBs ;cb eo rJ/ jB, gq G { d/ do #s/ T[ j ;[ o yo{
jB, t[ B Q K dh ;z r s ;dek j' o fez B / jh b' e K dk S[ N ekok j' iKdk j? .
59H gO F B L ;q h r[ o { rq z E ;kfjp ftZ u @w{ b wz s o# d/ fez B h tko doFB j[ z d / jB< f;oc fJeZ b /
@> # d/ fez B h tkoh doFB j[ z d / jB.
T[ ^ so L ;q h r[ o { rq z E ;kfjp dh pkDh @> # s' I jh F[ o { j[ z d h j? . w[ Z Y ftZ u w{ b wz s o j?
fijVk jo okr, BthI ekft tz B rh tkb/ FpdK$pkDh d/ F[ o { ftZ u g{ o B iK bx{ o{ g
ftZ u do} j? . fJ; dk t/ o tk fJT[ I j? _
1H > ;fsBkw[ eosk g[ o y[ fBoGT[ fBot? o [ nekb w{ o fs ni{ B h ;? G z
r[ o gq ; kfd..HHHHHHÁÁ tko
2H > ;fsBkw[ eosk g[ o y[ r[ o gq ; kfd..HHHHHHÆ tko
3H > ;fsBkw[ r[ o gq ; kfd..HHHHHÀ tko
4H > ;fsr[ o gq ; kfd..HHHH ÃÀÁ tko
5H > (g[ o ksB phVK ftZ u ) HHHHHH ¿ tko
i' V = ÃÄÅ tko
fJ; t/ot/ s'I fJj gqrN j[zdk j? fe gqsZy o{g ftZu @> # d/ ÃÄÅ tko tZ y -tZ y
gz f BnK #s/ doFB j[ z d / jB.
> dk T[ u koB fJZ e Unz e ko ehsk iKdk j? fijVk (fJZ e +Unz + eko) d/
pokpo j? . Unz e ko Fpd ~ w[ Z y oZ y e/ T[ u koB ehsh j' J h ;q h r[ o { BkBe d/ t ih
dh pkDh okwebh okr nz d o gz B k ÇÀÇ s' I nkoz G j[ z d h j? fi; ftZ u ;k~ Unz e ko d/
doFB j[ z d / jB. Unz e kfo Fpd gz B k Á¾, Á¾, ÆÆÃ, ¿¾¾Á #s/ th fbfynk
fwbdk j? .
60H gO F B L feogk eoe/ fJ; s[ e dk noE ft;Eko ;fjs dZ ; ' ih ns/ fJj th dZ ; ' fe fJj
fe; r[ o { ih B/ fbyh j? _ GrT[ s h ojs i[ r sk.. i' r h ejs w[ e sk.. sg;h sgfj
oksk..
 T[ ^ so L fJj s[ e ;q h r[ o [ noiB d/ t ih d/ T[ u koB ehs/ f;oh okr d/ Fpd ftu' I j? fijVk
;q h r[ o { rq z E ;kfjp d/ gz B k Å¿ #s/ do} j? . fJ; Fpd ftZ u r[ o { ;kfjp nB/ e
gq e ko dh Grsh eoB tkfbnK dk f}eo eod/ jB ns/ efjz d / jB fe fe;/ B/ th
nkgD/ nkg ~ d{ f inK Bkb' I xN BjhI nytkfJnk. ;ko/ fJj' jh efjz d / jB fe n;hI
oZ p ~ gk fbnk noEks bZ G fbnk j? . fJjBK s[ e K ftZ u r[ o { ;kfjp t? F Bt GrsK,
i' r hnK s/ sgZ ; hnK pko/ d;d/ jB fe t? ? F Bt Grs (GrT[ s h) tos oZ y D, s[ b ;h
wkbk c/ o B ns/ shoE fJFBkB nkfde ;z i wK ftZ u ofjz d / jB. i' r h efjz d / jB fe
n;hI w[ e s j' rJ/ jK ns/ sg eoB tkb/ ;kX{ (sgZ ; th) sg eoB ftZ u jh w;s
ofjz d / jB. ojkT[ tkbh s[ e ftZ u fJ; Fpd dk e/ I doh Gkt j? fJT[ I j? _
ikBT[ BjhI, Gkt? etB pksk|
wB, y' f i wkor[ | ¿| ojkT[ |
r[ o { ;kfjp ;k~ T[ g d/ F fdz d / j' J / efjz d / jB fe w? ~ ;wM BjhI fe gq G { ~
fejVh rZ b uz r h brdh j? . j/ w/ o / wB! T[ j wkor o;sk bZ G fi; T[ s / s[ f onK gq G {
gq ; z B j' ikt/ .
61H gO F B L fJe ;kyh nkw goubs j? fe id' I ;q h r[ o { noiB d/ t ih ;[ y wBh ;kfjp dh pkDh
T[ u koB eo oj/ ;B sK ¿Ä nFNgdhnK T[ u koB s' I pknd T[ j o[ e rJ/ feT[ I fe
nZ r ' I pkDh T[ s oBh pz d j' rJh ;h, fco pkpk ;q h uz d ih e' b rJ/ ns/ T[ j Bk B/
;skotK ;b' e T[ u koe/ nr' I pkDh F[ o { eotkJh. eh fJj ;Z u j? <
T[ ^ so L BjhI ih, fJj fpbe[ b M{ m ns/ wBxVs ;kyh j? i' fe nkw s" o #s/ T[ d k;h wZ s d/
gq u koeK tb' i pkpk ;q h uz d ih ~ ftykT[ D s/ r[ o { xo ~ BhtK ftykT[ D dh wkVh
Bh:s Bkb xVh rJh s/ gq u koh rJh j? . r[ o { rq z E ;kfjp dk gkm eoB tkb/ ;Z i D
ikDd/ jB fe ;G s' I tZ X pkDh r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp ftZ u pkDh d/ p' f jE/ r[ o { noiBd
;kfjp dh nkgDh j? . fJj' ijhnK wBxVs fBow{ b ;kyhnK f;Z y fJfsjk; ~
fwbr' G k eoB bJh s/ f;Z y h f;XKsK #s/ ;Z N wkoB bJh T[ d ' I gq u bs ehshnK rJhnK
id' i ;kv/ r[ o XkwK #s/ T[ d k;h wjz s K dk ep}k fojk ;h. ;[ y wBh ;kfjp dh ;koh
pkdh gz u w r[ o d/ t ih dh nkgDh T[ u koD ehsh j' J h, fJe' ;w/ I T[ u koh rJh pkDh
j? . fJ; bJh fe;/ G[ b / y / dk fFeko j' D dh b' V BjhI.
62H gO F B L eh @B;hjs Bkwk# i' eJh r[ n fenK ftu fbfynk fwbdk j? , r[ o pkDh j? <
T[ ^ so L BjhI ih, fJj r[ o pkDh BjhI j? .
63H gO F B L okwebh eh tko (gz B k ÇÂÅ) ftZ u eJh f;z x @tkj[ ;u/ gkfs;kj s{ ;uh BkJh..#
s[ e ~ jo fJe gT[ V h s' I pknd gVQ d / jB id' I fe t[ j jo fJe gT[ V h d/ nz s ftZ u
fbyh BjhI j' J h. eh fJz M eoBk mhe j? <
T[ ^ so L fJj s[ e gz B k ÇÂÅ T[ g o fJ; soQ K do} j? _ tkj[ tkj[ ;u/ gkfs;kj[ sz { ;uh
BkJh..¿.. ojkT[ . .
fJj s[ e gfjbh gT[ V h dh ;wkgsh s' I pknd j? s/ ojkT[ dh s[ e j? fi; s' I
Gkt fJj j? fe fJ; okwebh dh tko dh bz w h pkDh dk w[ Z y Gkt fJ; s[ e ftZ u j? .
fJj s[ e gfjbh gT[ V h dk fjZ ; k BjhI. gfjbh gT[ V h d/ nz s ftZ u nz e |¿| nkT[ D
 s' I pknd fJj ;[ s z s o s[ e nkJh j? fi;dk tyok nz e |¿|ojkT[ | fdsk frnk j? .
noE j? L j/ ;dk ekfJw ofjD tkb/ gkfsFkj! sz { n;uoi j? I , sz { n;uoi j? I .
s/ o h tfvnkJh ;dk ekfJw ofjD tkbh j? .
fJ; pkDh dk w[ y Gkt ;wMD bJh fJ; s[ e s' I nrtkJh fwwbdh j? , go fJ;
~ jo gT[ V h s' I pknd gVQ D dk e' J h ftXkB BjhI j? feT[ I fe @ojkT[ # dh s[ e ~
gkm eod/ ;w/ I jo Fpd d/ pknd pko pko BjhI gfVQ n k iKdk.
64H gO F B L ;b' e wL ¿| Xz B [ ;[ ekrd[ ebw Xz B [ H HH|¿| nkg/ gNh ebw nkfg T[ g fo b/ y [ fG
sz { | ¿| J/ e ' ejhn? BkBek d{ i k ekj/ e{ | (;b' e wL ¿, wbko eh tko wL ¿, gz B k
¿ÀÇ¿) T[ s w g[ ; se Gz v ko, BkBe;o tb' I Sg/ ojokf; d/ r[ N e/ ftZ u T[ g ob/
;b' e K d/ EZ b / j/ m fbyhnK s[ e K SghnK j' J hnK jB_
d{ i k ekj/ f;wohn? iz w ? s/ wo ikfJ|
J/ e ' f;woT[ BkBek, i' ifb Efb ofjnk ;wkfJ|
eh fJj s[ e K ;q h r[ o { rq z E ;kfjp ftZ u do} jB<
T[ ^ so L fJj s[ e K ;q h r[ o { rq z E ;kfjp ftZ u do} BjhI jB. fJBQ K d/ Gkt noE Bkb
fwbdhnK i[ b dhnK s[ e K ;q h r[ o { rq z E ;kfjp ftZ u do}{ jB, T[ j fJT[ I jB_
J/ e ' ;/ t j[ nto[ B e' f J|
fis[ ;/ f tn? ;dk ;[ y [ j' f J|
Bk Uj[ wo? B nkt? ikfJ|
fs;[ fpB[ nto[ ;/ t h feT[ wkfJ|
(p;z s wL Á, gz B k ¿¿ÅÂ)
J/ e ' ;/ t h ;dk fEo[ ;kuk| d{ i ? bkrk ;G[ ir[ ekuk|
r[ o wsh ;dk ;u[ ;kbkjh ;ku/ jh ;kfu gshi? j/ |
(wko{ wL Á gz B k ¿¾ÂÇ)
;/ t e ;u/ ;kj e/ ;/ J h gotkD[ |
d{ i k ;/ t fB BkBek ;/ gfu gfu w[ J / nikD|
(;b' e wL Ã, gz z B k Á¿Ã)
65H gO F B L fJ; s[ e d/ noE dZ ; ' _ fi;[ iB ngBk j[ e w[ wBkfJnk.. ;op E' e BkBe fsfB
gkfJnk..
T[ ^ so L fJj s[ e ;[ y wBh ;kfjp ftu' I bJh rJh j? ns/ r[ o { rq z E ;kfjp d/ gz B k ÀÄÆ T[ s /
nz f es j? . fJ; dk noE fJ; gq e ko j? _ fi; wB[ Z y s' I gq G { B/ nkgDk j[ e w
wBkfJnk j? , j/ BkBe! T[ ; wB[ Z y B/ wkB' d[ B hnK d/ ;ko/ gdkoE gq k gs eo bJ/ .
66H gO F B L r[ o pkDh ftZ u nkJ/ @ojkT[ # Fpd dk eh noE j? ? <
T[ ^ so L ojkT[ dk noE j? o[ e ' , N/ e , ;EkJh. T[ j gd i' rkT[ D t/ b / tko tko nz s o/ fgS' I
tofsnk ikt/ . ;q h r[ o { rq z E ;kfjp d/ Fpdk ftZ u i' ojkT[ Fpd (gd) nkT[ I dk j? ,
T[ ; dk fJjh Gkt j? .
ftdtkBK dk fJj ws j? fe ;ko/ Fpd dk f;XKs ns/
e/ I doh fynkb ojkT[ dh s[ e ftZ u j[ z d k j? . (wjkB e' F Åľ)
B' N L
 (1) FpdK ftu tos/ rJ/ ojkT[ gd s' I gfjbK @¿# nz e th nz f es fwbdk j? . fJj
@¿# fjz d ;k ojkT[ dh (nK) gz r sh (nK) dk fBy/ V e nz r j[ z d k j? . fit/ I FpdK d/
gfdnk d/ ;{ u e pkeh nz e d/ T[ u koD dk ftXkB BjhI, fJ;/ soQ K @ojkT[ # tkb/ gd/
Bkb nkfJnk nz e @¿# th T[ u koD ftu BjhI nkT[ I dk.
(2) nkw eoe/ @ojkT[ # dh (nK) gz r sh (nK) Fpd d/ gfjb/ gd/ wro' I nkT[ I dh
(nK) j? (jB) go e[ M FpdK ftu ojkT[ dh (nK) gz r sh (nK) Fpd d/ nkoz G ftZ u
th nkT[ I dh (nK) j? (jB).
(3) eJh bz w hnK pkDhnk ftu th @ojkT[ # nkT[ I dk j? . d/ y ' pktB nyoh, ;[ y wBh,
fEsh, gNh, f;X r' ; fN, Unz e ko, nkfd. tkoK ftu' I e/ t b d' tkoK ftZ u @ojkT[ #
nkT[ I dk j? . d/ y ' nk;k eh tko wjbk ¿ ns/ okwebh eh tko wjbk Á ns/ Sz s K
ftu' i e/ t b fJe Sz s ftZ u (e/ d kok wjbk Ã, nz e Â..¿..) th @ojkT[ # nkT[ I dk j? .
(4) e[ M FpdK ftZ u @ojkT[ d{ i k# th nz f es fwbdk j? . fJj Fpd dhnK nz s bhnK
s[ e K wro' I j[ z d k j? .
(5) eJh FpDK ftu ojkT[ fJe s' I f}nkdk tkoh th nkT[ I d/ jB, fit/ I _
f;ohokr[ wjbk ¿, nz e Â|ÁÁ| (gz B k ÀÃ) _ d' tkoh
rT[ V h wjbk ¿, nz e Ä|¿|ÀÁ| (gz B k ¿ÃÂ_¿ÃÃ) fsz B tkoh
f;ohokr[ wjbk ¿, nz e Â|Å| (gz B k ¿Ä_¿Å) uko tkoh
wkM wjbk Ã, nz e |¿|Æ| (gz B k ÇÄ_ÇÅ) uko tkoh
f;ohokr[ wjbk Â, nz e ¿| ojkT[ | ¿| (gz B k Æ¿_ÆÀ) S/ tkoh
XBk;oh wjbk ¿, nz e Â|¿| (gz B k Äľ) uko tkoh
B' N L ehosB eoB ;w/ I ojkT[ dh s[ e ~ ;EkJh pdkT[ D k r[ o wfs wo:kdk j? .
fijV/ okrh ojkT[ dh s[ e ~ ;EkJh BjhI pDkT[ I d/ ;r' I wB wo}h dh s[ e u[ D e/
;EkJh pDk b? I d/ jB, T[ j r[ o wfs dh wo:kdk s' I nBikD jB. nfijk eoB Bkb
ehosB dk we;d g{ o k BjhI j[ z d k s/ Fpd d/ e/ I doh Gkt dh ;' M h th BjhI j[ z d h.
67H gO F B L 161 gz B / s/ Fpd j? -
iesu kiljug mih krm Drmu n koeI ]
klI kw jnmu cMfwl kY Gir hoeI ]
fJ; ftZ u ebh fe;~ s/ uz v kb fe;~ fejk frnk j? < ft;Eko ;fjs dZ ; ' .
T[ ^ so L fJ; Fpd ftZ u @ebh# Fpd ebi[ r dk S' N k o{ g j? . @ebi[ r # e[ e ow dFk j? .
e[ e owh wB[ Z y ~ uz v kb fejk frnk j? s/ @xo# wB[ Z y dk fjodk j? . g{ o / noE fJT[ A
jB-
e[ e owh wB[ Z y d/ fjod/ ftZ u wkB/ ebi[ r nk iKdk j? .
(klI kw jnmu cMfwl kY Gir hoeI ])
fJ; efbi[ r , Gkt e[ e ow-dFk d/ gz i / ftu c;D Bkb e' J h eow-Xow S[ v k
BjhI ;edk. (iesu kiljug mih krm Drmu n koeI ])
nwnk nwm ibnw ko mukiq n hoeI ]4]
shi/ r[ o { nwodk; ih efjz d / jB fe gq G { d/ Bkw s' I fpBK e' J h wB[ Z y efbi[ r
(e[ e ow eoB dh jkbs) s' I ybk;h BjhI gk ;edk.
 fJ; Fpd d/ shi/ pz d ftu @Bkw# d/ ftjko ~ fJT[ A do;Kd/ jB-
iesu jug mih rwm nwim insqwrw ]
ivrlw ko pwey gur sbid vIcwrw ]
Awip qrY sgly kul auDwrw ] 3 ] (nz e ¿Ä¾)
fJ; wB[ Z y k iBw ftZ u nk e/ gq G { d/ Bkw dh okjhI jh gko T[ s kok j' ;edk j? .
e' J h ftobk jh r[ o { d/ Fpd ftu i[ V e/ fJj rZ b ftukodk j? . nfijk wB[ Z y nkg
;z ; ko ;w[ z d o s' I gko bz x iKdk j? ns/ nkgDhnK ;kohnK e[ Z b K ~ Gh gko bz x k b? A d k
j? .
68H gO F B L ;q h r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp ftu rT[ V h eh tko wjbk  ftZ u gz B k Á¿Ã s/ shih, ;sthI s/
frnkoth gz e sh #u gT[ V h Ã| dk eh Gkt j? < fJ; dk T[ u koB fet/ I eoBk j? <
T[ ^ so L tko fi; wjb/ dh j[ z d h j? , gT[ V hnK th T[ ; / wjb/ dhnK j[ z d hnK jB, fJ; bJh
gT[ V h d/ Bkb wjb/ dk ;z e / s BjhI d/ D k g? I dk. fJj tko  dh j? , fJ; ftu gT[ V h
s' I nZ r / e[ M gT[ V hnK gz i thI gksFkjh dhnK jB, i' fJBQ K gT[ V hnK d/ Bkb à nz e
fby fdZ s k frnk j? . fJ; bJh fi; gT[ V h Bkb @Ã# iK @wL Ã# fbfynk j' t / , T[ E /
gT[ V h @wjbk gz i tK# T[ u koB eoBk j[ z d k j? .
69H gO F B L wko{ okr ftZ u vZ y D/ dh p' b h feZ E ' I dh j? ns/ vyD/ s' I eh Gkt j? <
T[ ^ so L ;q h r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp ftZ u bfjz d h GkFk ftZ u fby/ ;b' e K ~ @vyD/# f;ob/y fdZsk frnk
j?. fJj w[bskB, ;kjhtkb d/ fJbke/ dh p'bh j?. fJ; ftZu @d# dh EK @v# tofsnk frnk j?.
n;b ftZ u @vZ y Dk# T{ m tkB iK Fs[ o tkB bJh tofsnk iKdk j? . fJ; bJh i' d' j o/
iK ;b' e T{ m K tkb/ j/ e K bk bk rkT[ I d/ ;B, T[ B Q K ~ vZ y D/ fejk ikD bZ r k. fit/ I
eoj/ (T{ m K) tkfbnK d/ rhs oki;EkBh ftZu @eojb/# ejkT[Id/ jB, fst/I fJj g/ I v{
Fs[ o tkBK d/ rhs @vyD/ # efjbkJ/ . fJ; s' I gq r N j? fe r[o{ ;kfjp B/ fJj ;b'e,
b'e-X[B d/ nkXko s/ T[ukoB ehs/.
70H gO F B L r[ o { BkBe d/ t ih B/ fJ;sq h ~ @Gz v # feT[ I fejk j? <
T[ ^ so L Gz v Fpd d/ eJh noE jB - fit/ I fe fJ;sq h - i' ;z s kB T[ s gz B eoB bJh F[ G
gksq j? , fBz f dnk eoBh (Gz v Dk), posB ns/ fBobZ i rZ b K eoB tkbk (GKv) nkfd.
r[ o { BkBe d/ t ih B/ nk;k dh tko ftZ u fJ;sq h ~ Gz v fJ;/ bJh fejk j?
feT[ I fe @Gz v # d/ eJh noEK ftu' I fJe noE @fJ;sq h # th j? .
71H gO F B L epho ;kfjp dh j/ m fbyh s[ Z e d/ noE d;' ih<
vrwr Skfv o/ wB pT[ o k|
np sT[ io/ wo/ f;fX gkJhn?
bhB' jkfE ;z X T[ o k| (nz e ÁÁÆ)
T[ ^ so L fJj s[ Z e ;q h r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp ih d/ gz B k 338 T[ s / nz f es j? . fJ; ftZ u Grs epho
ih B/ wB ~ ftF/ ftekoK nZ r / v' b D s' I pukT[ D bJh d' T[ d kjoDK ;kjwD/ oZ y hnK
jB, fJe ;{ o w/ (pjkdo) dh ns/ d{ i h ;sh dh.
fJE/ ;z X T[ o k dk noE j? - ;z X { f onk j' f Jnk Bkohnb.
g[ o ksB ;w/ I ftZ u ;sh j' D dh o;w fJj ;h fe i' fJ;soh gsh Bkb ;sh j' D
dk ;z e bg eodh ;h, T[ j fJe jZ E ftZ u Bkohnb b? e/ T[ ; T[ s / ;z X { o bk fdz d h ;h.
 fJ; ~ ;z X T[ o k efjz d / ;B. id' I sZ e T[ j ;z X T[ o k BjhI b? I dh ;h sK T[ j nkgDk
;z e bg w' V ;edh ;h go id' I fJe tkoh ;z X T[ o k b? bt/ sK T[ ; ~ }o{ o jh ;sh
j' D k g? I dk ;h.
T[ g obh s[ Z e s' I gfjbh s[ Z e j? -
(r[ o pkDh)
Gkt T[ j ;{ o wk eh j' f Jnk i' ;kjwD/ fd;dh oD-G{ w h s' I vo ikJ/ ns/ T[ j
;sh eh j' J h i' ;sh j' D ;w/ I xo d/ GKv/ ;KGD ftu br ikJ/ (Gkt j/ wB! s{ z th
;{ o w/ tKr ftF/ ftekoK dk Nkeok eoBk j? ns/ ;sh tKr nkgk-Gkt ;kVBk j? .
;z p z X s s[ Z e d/ noE fJ; soQ K jB -
j/ ewb/ wB! ve/ v' b / ykD/ SZ v . j[ D sK (;sh tKr) ;V e/ ns/ (;{ o w/ tKr)
wo e/ jh f;Z X h gq k gs j' ;edh j? , id' I fe j[ D s{ z ;sh tKr ;z X T[ o k jZ E ftZ u b?
jh fbnk j? . fst/ I jh j/ wB! s{ z id gq G { dh UN b? jh bJh j? sK j[ D ftF/ - ftekoK
d/ ;kjwD/ v' b Dk SZ v d/ , j[ D sK nkgk Gkt wkfonK jh fJj gq h s fBG/ r h.
B' N L fJBQ K s[ Z e K ftZ u Grs epho ih B/ ;sh dh o;w d/ mhe iK rbs j' D
pko/ e[ M BjhI fejk. f;oc ;sh dh ;V woB dh fdq V Q s k dh T[ d kjoD fdZ s h j? .
fJZ E / u/ s / oZ y Dk ukjhdk j? fe r[ o { nwodk; ih B/ ;sh dh o;w dh eoVh fto' X sk
ehsh ;h.
72H gO F B L @;[ X sk eh FkB j' # Fpd fe; rz q E ftu j? s/ fejV/ r[ o { ;kfjp dk T[ u koB ehsk
j' f Jnk j? < g{ o k Fpd fby' .
T[ ^ so L fJj Fpd ;q h r[ o { r' f pz d f;z x ih dh ouBk @nekb T[ ; sfs# ftu' I j? . g{ o k Fpd s/
noE j/ m K fdZ s / ik oj/ jB -
fBoi[ o fBo{ g j' fe ;[ z d o ;o{ g j' ,
fe G{ g B e/ G{ g j' fe dksk wjkdkB j' .
j/ nekb g[ o y! s[ ; hI no' r (fBoi[ o ) j' , no{ g j' , s[ j kvh j;sh ;[zdo j?,
okfinK d/ okik (o{g) j', dksk j', wjkdkBh j'.
gq k B e/ pZ u :k d{ X g{ s e/ HHHHHHHHHH
o' r ;' r e/ fwNZ : k feX/ wkBh wjk wkB j' .
nekb g[ o y ih! s[ ; hI gq k DK d/ ofyne j' , XB d" b s (d[ Z X ns/ g[ Z s o XhnK)
d/ D tkb/ j' , o' r s/ ;' r d/ fwNkT[ D tkb/ j' ns/ ;fseko ;fjs ns/ nkdo:' r j' .
fpd:k e/ fpuko j' fe ndP ? ntsko j' ,
fe f;Xsk eh ;{ o fs j' , fe ;[ X sk eh FkB j' .
nekb g[ o y ih! s[ ; hI ftfdnk d/ ftuko iK ndP ? s dk ntsko j' , iK gq f ;Z X h
(f;Xsk) dh w{ o s (;{ o s) ns/ iK gftZ s osk (;[ X sk) dh FkB j? .
i' p B e/ ikb j' , fe ekb j{ z e/ ekb j' ,
fe ;sq B e/ ;{ b j' fe fwsq B e/ gq k B j' .
nekb g[ o y ih! s[ ; hI i[ n kBh (i' p B) d/ Mo' y / (ikb) j' , ekb (w" s ) d/ th
ekb j' , t? o hnK (;sq B ) bJh B/ } k (;{ b ) j' , fwZ s oK d/ gq k D (ikB) j' .
73H gO F B L @@Grs Bt? goekok, gz f vs[ t/ d [ g[ e kok##
fJ; s[ e d/ noE dZ ; D dh feq g kbsk eoBh ih. Fpd ftZ u fJ; s[ e dk eh ;EkB
j? <
T[ ^ so L fJ; s[ e d/ noE ;wMD tk;s/ nkU ;ko/ Fpd ~ fXnkB Bkb gVQ h J/ -
isrIrwgu mhlw 5 Gru 5 ]
jwnau nhI BwvY kvn bwqw ]
mn Koij mwrgu ] 1 ]rhwau]
iDAwnI iDAwnu lwvih ]
igAwnI igAwnu kmwvih ]
pRBu ikn hI jwqw ] 1 ]
BgauqI rhq jugqw ]
jogI khq mukqw ]
qpsI qpih rwqw ] 2 ]
monI moinDwrI ]
sinAwsI bRhmcwrI ]
audwsI audwis rwqw ] 3 ]
Bgiq nvY prkwrw ]
pMifqu vydu pukwrw ]
igrsqI igrsiq Drmwqw ] 4 ]
iek sbdI bhu rUip AvDUqw ]
kwpVI kauqy jwgUqw ]
ieik qIriQ nwqw ] 5 ]
inrhwr vrqI Awprsw ]
ieik lUik n dyvih drsw ]
ieik mn hI igAwqw ] 6 ]
Gwit n ikn hI khwieAw ]
sB khqy hY pwieAw ]
ijsu myly so Bgqw ] 7 ]
sgl aukiq aupwvw ]
iqAwgI srin pwvw ]
nwnku gur crix prwqw ] 8 ] 2 ] 27 ]
(AMk 71)
ojkT[ tkbh s[ e (ikBT[ BjhI Gkt? etB pksk| wB y' f i wkor[ | ) fJ; Fpd dk
e/ I doh Gkt j? . r[ o { noiB d/ t ih B/ fJ; Fpd ftZ u gq G { dh gq k gsh tk;s/ ngDkJ/
iKd/ nB/ e wkor fpnkB ehs/ jB ns/ f;Z N k eZ f Ynk j? - ikBT[ BjhI, Gkt? etB
pksk| wB y' f i wkor[ . Gkt w? I BjhI ikDdk fe gq G { ~ fejVh rZ b uz r h brdh j? .
j/ w/ o / wB, gq G { ~ gq ; z B eoB dk o;sk bZ G . @@gq G { feB jh iksk## Gkt gq G { ~
fe;/ ftob/ B/ jh ikfDnk j? . @@xfN B feBjh ejkfJnk| ;G ejs/ j? gkfJnk|@@
Gkt nkgD/ nkg ~ fe;/ B/ th xZ N BjhI fejk, ;ko/ jh efjz d / jB fe n;hI gq G { ~
 gk fbnk j? . @@fi;[ w/ b / ;' Grsk##. r[ o { ih efjz d / jB fe T[ j h Grs j? fi; ~
tkfjr[ o { feogk eoe/ nkgD/ Bkb w/ b b? I dk j? . Fpd d/ nz s ftZ u r[ o { ih efjz d /
jB @@;rb T[ e fs T[ g ktk| fsnkrh ;ofB gktk| BkBe[ r[ o uofD goksk## Gkt
;G dbhbK s/ T[ g kT[ fsnkr e/ w? I FoB ftZ u fgnk jK s/ w? ~ r[ o { dh FoB gq k gs
j' J h j? .
fJ; Fpd ftZ u toDB ehs/ ns/ tZ y tZ y b' e K tZ b ' I w[ e sh gq k gsh eoB bJh
ngDkJ/ iKd/ Yz r nEtk wkor fJj jB -
1H fXnkBhnK dk fXnkB bkT[ D k.
2H frnkBhnK dk frnkB ewkT[ D k.
3H GrT[ s hnK (BZ u D NZ g D tkb/ Grs) dk BZ u Dk.
4H i' r hnK dk i' r ewkT[ D k.
5H sgZ ; thnK dk sg eoBk.
6H w' B hnK (u[ Z g ofjD tkb/ ) dk w' B XkoB eoBk.
7H ;z f Bnk;hnK (fsnkrhnK) dk fsnkr eoBk nEtk ;z f Bnk; b? D k.
8H pq j wukohnK dk pq j wuo: (fJz d q h nK ~ tZ ; eoBk) XkoB eoBk.
9H T[ d k;hnK dk d[ B hnK s' I T[ g okw (T[ d k;) ofjDk.
10H GrsK dk B" I gq e ko dh Grsh d/ Yz r ngBkT[ D / .
11H gz f vsK dk t/ d gkm eoBk.
12H rq f j;shnK dk rq f j;s (xo pko) XkoB eoBk.
13H e/ t b fJe' jh Fpd p' b D tkfbnK dk nbZ y nbZ y (n" b y n" b y) eoBk.
14H pj[ o { g hnK dk GKs d/ ;Kr T[ s koB/ Gkt G/ ; pdbD/ .
15H ethFoK s/ BkNe u/ N e eoB tkfbnK (eT[ s / ) dk eftsk rk e/ , ;P K r fdyk e/
b' e K ~ y[ F eoBk.
16H ekgVhnK (yk; soQ K dk u' b k iK e' J h j' o eZ g Vk gfjBD tkb/ ) dk ;' j D/ eZ g V/
gkT[ D k.
17H ikrd/ ofjD tkb/ (ikr[ s k) nEtk BhId d/ fsnkrhnK dk ikrd/ ofjDk.
18H shoE fJFBkBhnK dk shoEK #s/ fJFBkB eoBk.
19H fBokjko toshnK (fBokjko tos oZ y D/ tkb/ ) dk tos oZ y Dk.
20H nkgo;K (i/ fe;/ ~ S{ z j d/ BjhI) dk fe;/ ~ Bk S{ j Dk.
21H b{ e K (fSg/ ofjD tkb/ ) , doFB Bk d/ D k.
22H nkgD/ nkg ~ frnksk (frnkB tkb/ ) ;wMD tkfbnK dk fJ; nfGwkB ftZ u
c[ Z b / fcoBk fe w? ~ e[ Z M gsk j? nEtk w? I ;G e[ Z M ikDdk jK.
B" I soQ K dh Grsh fJj j? -
1H ;q t D (;[ D Bk)
2H ehosB.
3H f;woB.
4H uoB ;/ t k
 5H nouB (g{ i k)
6H pz d Bk (p/ B sh nodk;)
7H ;y: (fwZ s o Gko)
8H dk;: (dk; Gkt)
9H nkgDk nkg nogB eoBk.
@@Grfs Bt? goekok##tkbh s[ e dk Gkt th gq G { Grsh d/ ngDkJ/ iKd/ Yz r ~
dZ ; Dk j? fit/ I T[ g o fby/ pkeh Yz r dZ ; / rJ/ jB. fJ; Fpd okjhI ;k~ ;kohnK
rZ b K SZ v e/ ;fsr[ o { dh FoB ftZ u nkT[ D nEtk fBr[ o / s' A r[ o { pDB tkb/ pDB dh
f;Z f ynk fwbdh j? .
74H gO F B L fJe[ , fJe ns/ fJfe dk noE ns/ T[ u koB T[ d kjoDk d/ e/ ;wMkT[ .
T[ ^ so L fJe[ , fJe ns/ fJfe, fsz B k dk T[ u koD @fJe# jh j? .
fJe[ , fJe-tuB g[ f bz r bJh tofsnk iKdk j? .
fJe, fJe-tuB fJ;sq h -fbz r bJh tofsnk iKdk j? .
ns/ fJfe dk noE j? eJh (fJe dk pj[ tuB)
fJBQ K dhnK T[ d kjoDK j/ m K fdZ s hnK rJhnK jB -
fJe-tuB g[ f bz r -fJe[
- fJe[ ;z ; koh fJe[ Gz v koh fJe[ bkJ/ dhpkD|
- ;GBk ihnk ek fJe[ dksk ;' w? ft;fo B ikJh|
fJe tuB fJ;sq h fbz r -fJe
- ;j; f;nkDgk by j' f j
s fJe B ub? Bkfb
- wfs ftfu osB itkjo[ wkfDe
i/ fJe r[ o eh f;y ;[ D h|
pj[ tuB-fJfe
- fJeBk j[ e wh py;h;
fJfe j[ e wh ;dk GtkJhnfj|
- fJfe fcofj xB/ o / eofj rbk
rbh feB? B gkJhnk|
75H gO F B L j/ m fbyhnK s[ e K d/ eh noE jB -
1) nz f wq s ;o ftfu i' f s irkt? |
2) nz f wq s ;o[ ;fsr[ o [ ;fstkdh
fis[ Bks? eT{ n k jz ; [ j' j ? |
T[ ^ so L Bz L (1) tkbh s[ Z e GkJh r[ o dk; ih dh gfjbh tko dh 47thI gT[ V h ftu' I bJh rJh
j? .
fit/ I r[ o { nz r d d/ t ih B/ yv{ o ;kfjp ns/ r[ o { nwodk; ih B/ r' f Jz d tkb
;kfjp ~ gq u ko dk e/ I do pDkfJnk ;h, fJ;/ soQ K r[ o { okwdk; ih B/ r[ f onkJh
fwbD T[ g oz s nz f wq s ;o ~ Xow gq u ko dk w[ Z y e/ I do pDkfJnk ;h.
 T[ g o' e s s[ Z e ftZ u dZ f ;nk frnk j? fe r[ o { okwdk; ih B/ gq u ko okjhI
nz f wq s ;o ftu Bkw dh i' s irkJh.
(2) d{ ; oh s[ Z e r[ o { okwdk; ih dh fbyh j' J h j? ns/ r[ o { rz q E
;kfjp d/ gz B k ÂÇÁ T[ s / nz f es j? .
fJ; s[ Z e ftZ u nz f wq s ;o dk noE j? nz f wq s (Bkw) dk ;o' t o. fJE/ ;fsr[ o {
dh wfjwk dk toDB eofdnK ;fsr[ o { ~ Bkw dk ;o' t o dZ f ;nk frnk j? .
g{ o h s[ Z e d/ noE fJ; soQ K jB -
;dk fEo joh dk Bkw igD tkbk ;fsr[ o { nksfwe ihtB d/ D tkb/ Bkw-ib
dk ;o' t o j? , fi; ftZ u BQ k fsnK (nksfwe u[ Z G h bkfJnK) eK th jz ; pD iKdk jK
(Gkt ;dk ftekoK d/ rz d ftu y[ F ofjD tkbk wB[ Z y th joh-Bkw w' s h u[ r D eoe/
r[ o w[ y pD iKdk j? .
76H gO F B L s[ g e sVke, e? p o eVke| ;? j Eh ;Vke, S' j h SVke.
fJ;s' I eh Gkt j? <
T[ ^ so L T[ g o' e s Sz d pfusq BkNe ftu' I fbnk frnk j? . fJ; ftu j[ ; ? B h d/ iz r dk f}eo
ehsk frnk j? , i' fe 1695 ~ j[ ; ? B yK ns/ f;Z y K ftueko j' f Jnk ;h.
fJZ E / s[ Z g e s' I Gkt j? s' g K, e? p o dk noE j? sho. ;? j Eh, B/ i / ~ fejk frnk
j? ns/ S' j h, StQ h ~.
Sz d dk noE fJ; soQ K j? - s' g K dh sV-sV, sho ewkBK dh eV-eV,
pofSnK dh ;oo-;oo ns/ StQ h nK dh SV-SV j' ojh ;h.
77H gO F B L @@bky eo' o h pz X [ B go? | ##
;[ y wBh ;kfjp dh s[ Z e ftZ u F[ Z X gkm pz X B j? fe pz X B. fJ; d/ noE d;D dh th
feq g k eoBh ih.
T[ ^ so L r[ o pkDh dh fbykJh nz d o fJj fB:w tofsnk frnk j? fe fi; Fpd d/ nz s b/
nZ y o Bkb f;jkoh iK n" I eV bZ f rnk j' t / s/ T[ ; s' I nZ r / @B# nyo w[ e sk j' t / sK
@B# nZ y o T[ ; Fpd Bkb fwbk e/ BjhI gfVnk ik ;edk fit/ I
sj uz d [ B ;{ o i, gT[ D B gkDh| (nz e ÇÅÂ)
T[ u koB j? L uz d [ B.
bky eo' o h pz X [ B go? |
T[ u koB j? L pz X [ B.
goz s { fi; Fpd dk nz s bk nZ y o @B# j' t / s/ T[ ; Bkb f;jkoh n" e V (fB, B[ )
bZ r k j' f Jnk j' t / sK T[ j @B# nZ y o nvok BjhI gfVnk ik ;edk. T[ ; dk (B) Fpd
d/ Bkb jh T[ u koB ehsk ikDk ukjhdk j? fit/ I
e[ s / uz d B[ bkJhn? Gh ;' e[ s h Xks[ | (nz e ¿ÂÁ)
T[ u koB j? L uz d B.
ihn ek pz X B[ eow[ fpnkg? |
T[ u koB j? L pz X B
 T[ g o' e s fB:wK nB[ ; ko T[ g o' e s s[ e ftu pz X [ B dk F[ X T[ u koB pz X [ B jh
j? pz X B BjhI. s[ e dk noE j? , bZ y K eo' V K o[ g J/ ewk e/ th fsq F Bk ~ o' e BjhI
g? I dh.
78H gO F B L > d/ fsz B Gkr jB - ¿, U ns/ (eko). ~ eko feT[ I p' f bnk iKdk j? . fJj ()
fejVh fbgh ftu eko pDdk j? .
T[ ^ so L HHHHHHHHHH ;z ; feq s dk fJe fgS/ s o j? i' nkw s" o s/ BKt d/ nyho ftu tofsnk
iKdk j? . fJ; dk noE j? fJe o;, fi; ftu spdhbh Bk nkt/ s/ fJ; dk T[ u koB
j? @eko#.
79H gO F B L @@Bw' fBs BkokfJD/ eq { o eow/ | ## ikg ;kfjp dh s[ e ftZ u eq { o dk F[ X gkm eh j? <
T[ ^ so L eq { o dk F[ X gkm @@eo{ o ## j? .
80H gO F B L @@;j; f;nkDgk by j' f j s fJe B ub? Bkfb|## s[ e ftu @;j;# dk F[ X T[ u koB
dZ ; ' <
itkp L ;j; dk F[ X T[ u koD j? @;fj;#
81H gO F B L @@r' g kb s/ o k nkosk## s[ e d/ eh noE jB< eJh gq u koe fJ; Fpd okjhI fJj
dZ ; d/ jB fe Xz B / Grs B/ gowkswk dk nkosk T[ u kfonk j? . eh fJj rZ b mhe j? <
T[ ^ so L fJj s[ e @okr XBk;oh# ftZ u Grs Xz B k ih d/ Fpd @r' g kb s/ o k nkosk# dh gfjbh
s[ e j? . fJ; s[ e ftZ u @nkosk# dk noE b' V tz d , d[ y hnk iK wz r sk nkfd d/ jB.
@nkosk# Fpd dk nkosh d/ FpdK Bkb e' J h ;pz X BjhI j? . fJ; ftZ u Grs ih
efjz d / jB fe j/ fgq E th d/ gkbDjko gq G { ! w? I s/ o / do dk wz r sk jK. i' wB[ Z y s/ o h
Grs eod/ jB, s{ z T[ j BK d/ wB' o E g{ o / eodk j? I . @nkosk# Fpd ~ nkosh d/ Bkb
i' V Bk e/ t b nfrnkBsk jh j? .
82H gO F B L ;{ o i feofD fwb/ ib ek ib[ j{ n k okw|
i' s h i' f s obh ;z g { o B[ Ehnk okw|
fJjBK s[ e K d/ noE dZ ; D dh fegkbsk eoBh.
T[ ^ so L noE L j/ GkJh! fit/ I ;{ o i dh feoB Bkb fwb e/ poc s' I gkDh dk gkDh pD iKdk
j? . Gkt ;{ o i d/ fBZ x Bkb poc pD/ gkDh dh em' o sk ysw j' iKdh j? fst/ I
f;cs_;bkj dh poes Bkb iht d/ nz d o' I o[ Z y kgB w[ Z e e/ iht dh fiz d gowkswk
dh i' s Bkb fJe fwe j' iKdh j? s/ iht ;ko/ r[ D K d/ wkbe gowkswk dk o{ g j'
iKdk j? .
T[ g o' e s noEK d/ ;wMD s' I pknd ;k~ gsk brdk j? fe fJ; Fpd dh tos' I
fwq s e gq k Dh d/ Bfws n;hI nfrnkBsk tZ ; jh eoh iKd/ jK. id' I fe fJ; Fpd dk
;z p z X wB[ Z y dh ;[ u Z i h ihtB i[ r s Bkb j? .
83H gO F B L @BkBe Bhtk i' ub/ br? B sksh tkT[ . # eh fJj r[ o pkDh dh s[ e j? <
T[ ^ so L BjhI ih, fJj r[ o pkDh dh s[ e BjhI.
84H gO F B L ;G? , sP , Bw;sz , Bw;sQ z , frnkBz , ;opz , oz C fD dk F[ X T[ u koB @C# dh ntk} Bkb
eoBk j? @r# Bkb BjhI.
 itkp L nz s bh fNZ g h dh nktk} nz r iK nz C eoe/ p' b Dh j? . sP dk T[ u koB j? , st, oz C fD
dk T[ u koB @C# dh nktk} Bkb eoBk j? @r# Bkb BjhI.
85H gO F B L whB gefo cKfeU no[ ekfNU,
oKfX ehU pj[ pkBh|
yz v yz v efo G' i B ehB' ,
sT{ B fp;foU gkBh|
fJjBK tkeK d/ noE dZ ; ' .
T[ ^ so L fJj s[ e K Grs oftdk; ih dhnK ;q h r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp ftu gz B k 658 s/ okr ;' o fm
ftu doi jB. fJjBK ftu nekb g[ o y Bkb gq h s dk toBD ehsk frnk j? fe j/
gq G { ! n;kvk s/ o / Bkb fgnko th T[ j j? , i' wZ S h ~ gkDh Bkb j[ z d k j? . n;K wo e/
th s/ o h :kd BjhI SZ v Dh, fit/ I wZ S h ~ gkDh ftu' I cV e/ ckeK eo d/ J hJ/ , N' N / N' N /
eo d/ J hJ/ s/ eJh soQ K foz B Q bJhJ/ , fco osk osk eoe/ yk bJhJ/ , fco th T[ ;
wZ S h ~ gkDh BjhI G[ Z b dk Gkt fi; ykD tkb/ d/ g/ N ftu wZ S h iKdh j? , T[ ; ~ th
gkDh dh fgnk; brk fdz d h j? .
86H gO F B L nk;k dh tko d/ nyho ftZ u fbfynk @;[ X # gVDk ukjhdk j? iK BjhI<
T[ ^ so L @;[ X #, @;[ X ehu? # nkfd gd r[ o { ;kfjp tZ b ' I fbykoh ~ jdkfJs ti' I ;B i' nZ r ' I
T[ s ko/ ;w/ I Bkb jh fby/ iKd/ oj/ . n? ; / gd r[ o pkDh dk fjZ ; k BjhI jB, e/ t b
fbykoh ~ ;z e / s ;B. ;' BjhI gVQ / ikD/ ukjhd/ .
87H gO F B L G? ftfu ;{ o i[ G? ftfu uz d [ | e' j eo' V h ubs B nz s [ |
nk;k eh tko ftu nkJ/ T[ g o' e s ;b' e nB[ ; ko sK ;{ o i ubdk j? id fe fJe fJe
nNZ b ;Z u kJh j? fe ;{ o i fJe EK yVQ k j? < ;z ; k Bftos eoBk ih.
T[ ^ so L ;{ o i ubdk j? , fJe, nkgD/ jh e/ I do X[ o / d[ n kb/ , d{ i k nkgD/ tZ v / ;{ o i d[ n kb/
th. nZ i d/ y[ r ' b -ftfrnkBhnK th f;Z X eo fdZ s k j? fe ;kvk ;" o wz v b, fi; ftZ u
;kvk ;{ o i, Xosh s/ nZ m j' o rq f j jB, T[ g rq f jnK dh tZ v h rb? e ;h ;w/ s d[ Z X
Xkok dk Gkr j? . fJj ;kok ;" o wz v b, ;D/ j' o ;" o wz v bK d/ uZ e o bk fojk j? .
nfijhnK j' o eJh d[ Z X Xkok torhnK rb? e ;hnK fJe j' o tv/ o h fJekJh d[ n kb/
uZ e o bkT[ I dhnK jB s/ fJT[ I tZ v k pq f jwz v pDdk j? , fi;dk nz s BjhI bZ f Gnk ik
;fenk. ;kv/ tZ v / Gkr jB, r[ o { BkBe ;kfjp ih B/ nZ i s' I gz i ;" ;kb gfjbK jh
d; fdZ s k ;h fe ;{ o i th uZ b dk j? . y{ r ' b ftfrnkBhnK B/ sK fJ;/ ;dh ftZ u
y' f ink j? .
88H gO F B L @;G f;yB e' j[ e w j? , r[ o { wkBhU rz q E # Fpd feZ E ' bJ/ rJ/ jB<
T[ ^ so L r[ o { r' f pz d f;z x ih d/ j}{ o h f;Z y GkJh gq f jbkd f;z x d/ ofjsBkw/ ftu' I fJj
Fpd bJ/ rJ/ jB. g{ o k d' j ok fJ; soQ K j? -
nekb g[ o y e/ puB f;T[ gq r N ubk:' gz E |
;G f;yB e' j[ e w j? r[ o { wkBhU rz q E .
89H gO F B L r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp ih dhnK tkoK g[ o B" I X[ B hnK eh r[ o { jfor' f pz d ;kfjp B/
uVQ k JhnK ;B<
 T[ ^ so L BjhI ih, fJj X[ B hnK ;q h r[ o { noiB d/ t ih B/ jh uVQ k JhnK ;B. gq u Z f bs r[ o {
jfor' f pz d ;kfjp ih t/ b / j' J hnK, fiBQ K YkYhnK e' b ' I tkoK dk rkfJB eotkfJnk.
90H gO F B L eJh gq u koe fJj efjz d / jB fe r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp d/ ;' o fm okr ftZ u epho ih dh
fJe s[ e -
ej[ epho iB GJ/ ykb;/ gq / w Grs fiB ikBh.
ftu ykb;/ dh EK gfjbK ybk;/ gkm ;h, go r[ o { ebrhXo ih B/ gkm ykb;/ eotk
fdZ s k. eh fJj mhe j? <
T[ ^ so L BjhI ih! gfjb/ jh gkm @ykb;/ # ;h, fi; dk noE j? , T[ j @iB# fi; dk ;pz X
f;Z X k tkfjr[ o { Bkb j? . eoskog[ o tkbh phV ftu th gkm ykb;/ jh j? .
91H gO F B L r[ o w[ y ;[ D Bk ;[ o fs eo,
gz u ;pd r[ o ;pd nbkg/ .
GkJh r[ o dk; ih dh T[ g o' e s s[ e ftZ u gz u Fpd s' I eh Gkt j? .
T[ ^ so L ;z r hs ftu gz i soK d/ Fpd wz B / rJ/ jB.
1) sz s -sko ns/ sz d d/ tki/
2) ftq s -uz w d/ wVQ / j' J / tki/
3) xB-Xks d/ S? D / xz N / nkfde
4) Bkd-xVk nkfd.
5) ;[ f Fo-c{ e Bkb tikT[ D d/ tki/ .
ez B K ftZ u p[ i / d/ e/ xz N k, thDk, fwq d z r nkfde gz i tki/ fdwkr ftu ;[ D B/
f;Z y Xow ftZ u gq t kB BjhI. f;Z y Xow ftZ u @gz u Fpd# dk noE j? wB bk e/ r[ o {
dk Fpd ;[ D Bk. r[ o { d/ Fpd d/ ikg Bkb wB g{ o B fyVkT[ ftu nk iKdk j? .
92H gO F B L eVShnk fcoz f BQ ;[ n kT[ B ikfDBQ ;[ R hnk|
;/ J h w[ y fd;z f BQ BkBe os/ gq / w of;|
(tko r{ i oh, wjbk Ã, gz B k-ÃÀ¿)
noE dZ ; D dh feq g kbsk eoBh ih<
T[ ^ so L gq / w o;hnK s' I S[ N pkDh d/ gkmh ns/ eEZ e V eVSh s[ b jB, i' ;G o;K ftZ u fco
e/ th nkg o; BjhI b? ;edh.
93H gO F B L r[ o pkDh d/ gq u ko bJh r[ o pkDh ~ d{ i hnK p' b hnK ftZ u T[ b EkT[ D ;w/ I fe; rZ b dk
fXnkB oZ y Dk }o{ o h j? ? .
T[ ^ so L r[ o pkDh dh d{ i hnK p' b hnK ftZ u T[ b Ek eoB ;w/ I fJj fynkb oZ y Dk j? fe
r[ o pkDh d/ Fpd }ok th Bk pdb/ ikD, T[ u koD T[ j h oj/ , go nZ y oK d/ i' V T[ ;
GkFk nB[ ; ko j' D , fi; d/ nZ y oK ftZ u pkDh fbyh rJh j? fit/ I L-
frnkB dh EK Kku
eow dh EK deZ
94H gO F B L rbh n;h uz r hnk nkukoh p[ o hnkj| tke ftZ u @p[ o hnkj# dk T[ u koB fet/ I eoBk
j? <
T[ ^ so L fJj Fpd pj[ t uB j? . fJ; dk F[ Z X T[ u koB j? - p[ o hnKj. noE j? G? V hnK.
95H gO F B L @eoD gbkj eo/ pj[ s / o / , ;k XB wjb[ B gkt? # sZ [ e ftZ u gbkj dk T[ u koB gbKj
eoBk j? iK gbkj<
T[ ^ so L ;z ; feq s dk Fpd j? gq k b. fJ; ~ r[ o pkDh ftu gbkj eoe/ fbfynk frnk j? ,
noE j? L ehoB/ , tobkg, sob/ . T[ u koB j? - gbkj. u{ z f e fJj Fpd pj[ t uB BjhI,
fJ; bJh fJ; ~ gbkj fpz d h brk e/ gVQ B k nF[ X gkm eoBk j? .
96H gO F B L fwNh w[ ; bwkB eh g/ V ? gJh e[ f wQ n ko# tkb/ Fpd dk eh noE j? < }ok ft;Eko
Bkb dZ ; Dk.
T[ ^ so L fJj ;b' e nk;k eh tko ftu' I j? ns/ ;q h r[ o { BkBe d/ t ih dk T[ u koB ehsk
j' f Jnk j? . g{ o k ;b' e fJT[ I j? -
fwNh w[ ; bwkB eh g/ V ? gJh e[ f wQ n ko.
xfV GKv/ fJNk ehnk, ibdh eo/ g[ e ko.
ifb ifb o' t ? pg[ V h
MfV MfV gtfj nz f rnko|
BkBe fifB eos? ekoD[ ehnk
;' ikD? eosko[ |
fJ; ;b' e ftZ u ;q h r[ o { BkBe d/ t ih B/ c[ o wkfJnk j? fe wo u[ Z e / w[ ; bwkB
dh fwZ N h th eJh tko x[ f wnko d/ t; g? iKdh j? , feT[ I fe epoK dh fwZ N h uheDh
j' D ekoB x[ f wnko T[ ; fwZ N h d/ GKv/ s/ fJZ N K nkfd pDkT[ I dk j? . fJ; fefonk
ftZ u w[ ; bwkB dh fwZ N h ~ ;VBk g? jh iKdk j? , fi; s' I w[ ; bwkB b' e gfjbK
puDk ukj[ z d / ;B. (w[ ; bwkBK dk ftFtk; j? fe fwose ;oho ~ Xosh ftu dZ p
d/ D k pVk F[ G ez w j? ns/ ;kV d/ D k pVk G? V k. T[ B Q K d/ ws nB[ ; ko fenkws d/ fdB
oZ p ;G w[ ; bwkBK ~ epoK ftu' I T[ m k e/ T[ B Q K dk b/ y k eo/ r k ns/ j}os w[ j z w d
;kfjp nkgD/ g? o ' e koK dh rtkjh d/ D r/ ) x[ f wnko dh nkth ftu fJj fwZ N h ikD'
e{ e gq e ko eodh j? . ftukoh ;V ;V e/ o' I dh j? , id' I T[ ; ftu' I nz f rnko/ MV MV
jh fvZ r d/ jB.
n;b ftZ u w' J / ;oho ~ ;kVB iK dZ p D Bkb e' J h th nksfwe bkG iK jkBh
BjhI j[ z d h. ;q h r[ o { BkBe d/ t ih efjz d / jB fe fi; eosko B/ ;z ; ko dh wkfJnk
ouh j? , T[ j iht d/ ;ko/ uz r / wz d / ehs/ ez w K ~ ikDdk j? ns/ T[ B Q K nB[ ; ko jh
ihtK ~ cb G' r Dk g? I dk j? .
97H gO F B L ;q h r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp d/ gz B k ÁÂÁ s/ fbfynk j? -
pktB nyo i' o / nkfB|
;fenk Bk nyo[ J/ e [ gSkfB|
fJ;dk Gkt-noE dZ ; ' .
T[ ^ so L fJj s[ Z e Grs epho ih dh pkDh okr rT[ V h g{ o ph dh @pktB nZ y oh# ftu' I j? .
okr rT[ V h ftu ;q h r[ o { noiB d/ t ih B/ th @pktB nyohI# T[ u koB ehsh j? .
pktB nyoh dk Gkt j? ptz i k (52) nZ y oK d[ n kok T[ g d/ F .
 r[ o w[ y h fbgh d/ g? I sh nZ y o jB ns/ ;z ; feq s toDwkbk ~ pktB nZ y oh
nkfynk frnk j? . ;q h r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp ftZ u @pktB nyoh# BK j/ m doi pkDh
;z ; feq s toDwkbk dh ohsh nB[ ; ko fbyh rJh j? ns/ fJ;/ jh ekoB fJ; dk
@pktB nyoh# fbfynk frnk j? . noE j? irs B/ ptz i k nZ y o tos e/ g[ ; seK sK
fby fdZ s hnK jB go fJj irs fJBQ K g[ ; seK okjhI T[ ; fJe gq G { ~ BjhI gSkD
;fenk, i' Bk; ofjs j? .
98H gO F B L ;q h r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp d/ gz B k ¿¿¾Ã s/ @@epho ek ;pd[ okr[ wko{ pkDh Bkwd/ T [ ih
eh, > ;fsr[ o gq ; kfd.## ftu ;pd[ epho ek fbfynk j? , pkDh Bkwd/ T [ ih eh
fbyh j? . fJ; fJe Fpd ftZ u d' B ' I GrsK d/ Bkw fet/ I nk rJ/ < eh d' B ' I GrsK B/
fwbe/ fbytkfJnk j? id fe jo fJe tZ y o/ tZ y o/ Fpd ftZ u fJe dk jh BK j[ z d k
j? .
T[ ^ so L ;q h r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp d/ gz B k ¿¿¾Ã @> # ;fsr[ o gq ; kfd s' I nr/ gfjbK Fpd
Bkwd/ T [ ih dk j? ns/ d{ i k epho ih dk. FpdK d/ F[ o { ftu ;kc fbfynk j' f Jnk
j? -
epho ek ;pd[
okr[ wko{ pkDh Bkwd/ T [ ih eh|
Bkwd/ T [ ih dh pkDh Bkb obk e/ epho ;kfjp dk Fpd fdZ s k frnk j? . d' B ' I
GrsK d/ Fpd tZ y o/ tZ y o/ jB. fJ; ftZ u G[ b / y / tkbh e' J h rZ b BjhI.
cohd ;kfjp d/ ;b' e K ftZ u shi/ gkfsFkj d/ ;b' e jB. d/ y ' gz B k ¿Áƾ,
fJt/ I jh okwebh dh tko gz B k ÇÂÆ s/ epho ;kfjp dk ;b' e doi j? , fpjkrV/ dh
tko gz B k ÃÃà #s/ th epho ;kfjp dk ;b' e j? . r{ i oh eh tko Ã¾Ç #s/ th epho
ih dk ;b' e j? .
99H gO F B L okr[ wko{ pkDh oftdk; ihT[ eh. @@n? ; h bkb s[ M [ fpB[ eT[ B [ eo? # # tkb/ Fpd ftZ u
@@S' f s## dk noE dZ ; D dh feogk eoBh.
T[ ^ so L S' f s dk noE j? ngftZ s q s k. pq k jwDh ws nB[ ; ko i/ BhthI iks dk wB[ Z y nDtk
F{ d o, T[ ^ uh iks d/ wB[ Z y Bkb S{ j ikJ/ sK T[ ^ u ikshnK nkgD/ nkg ~ fGZ f Nnk
frnk ;wMdk j? . T[ B Q K d/ ws nB[ ; ko fJj fGZ N gkDh dk fSZ N k b? D Bkb iK
fJFBkB eoB s/ eZ g V/ pdbD Bkb d{ o j' J h ;wMh iKdh j? . go f;Z y Xow ftZ u
S{ s Sks ;' u fGN bJh e' J h EK BjhI.
100H gO F B L ;q h r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp d/ gz B k 1086 #s/ wko{ tko wL 3 ftZ u ;q h r[ o { BkBe d/ t ih s/
r[ o { nwodk; ih, d' B K ;kfjpK d/ ;b' e fet/ I nk rJ/ id fe jo Fpd fJe' jh
r[ o { ;kfjp dk fbfynk j[ z d k j? <
T[ ^ so L tko ftZ u gT[ V h d/ Gkt ~ T[ x / V B tk;s/ ;b' e fdZ s / iKd/ jB. fJj ;b' e tZ y ' tZ y
r[ o { ;kfjpkB d/ j[ z d / jB id fe tko i' gT[ V hnK s/ nXkos j[ z d h j? fJe' jh r[ o {
;kfjp dh T[ u koB ehsh j' J h j[ z d h j? . tkoK Bkb ;b' e K dh soshp ;q h r[ o { noiB
d/ t ih B/ ;q h r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp ih (g' E h ;kfjp) dh ;z g kdBk eod/ j' J / fdZ s h ;h.
 okwebh, fpjkrVk, r{ i oh, wko{ ns/ j' o okrK tkoK ~ ftuko bt' . wko{ okr dh
tko ftu gfjbh, d{ i h, shih, u" E h ns/ gz i thI gkfsFkjh d/ ;b' e doi jB.
101H gO F B L ;q h r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp d/ gz B k ¿¿¾¾ #s/ vyD/ wL Ã @@fvmh jG Yz Y ' f b## tkb/ Fpd
ftu @BkBe# Bkw BjhI j? . n? ; k feT[ I <
T[ ^ so L @BkBe# gd eJh ;b' e K ftu BjhI fbfynk j' f Jnk. ;b' e fe; gkfsFkj dk j? <
T[ j jo ;b' e d/ wZ [ Y ftu doi j? .
102H gO F B L ekbh e' f Jb s{ fes r[ B ekbh|
ngB/ gq h sw e/ jT[ fpoj? ikbh|
s[ e K dk noE dZ ; Dk ih.
T[ ^ so L fJj s[ e K okr[ ;{ j h pkDh F/ y cohd ih eh d/ Fpd @@sfg sfg b[ f j b[ f j jkE
wo' o T[ | ## ftu doi jB.
fJ; Fpd ftZ u gq G { s' I ftSVh o;K e;K ftu yfuZ s iht fJ;sq h e' f Jb ~
g[ Z S dh j? - j/ ekbh e' f Jb! Gbk w? I sK nkgD/ eowK dh wkoh d[ y h jK jh, s{ z Gh
feT[ I ekbh j' rJh j? I < e' f Jb Gh fJj T[ ^ so fdz d h j? , w? ~ s/ o / gq h sw d/ ftS' V / B/
;kV fdZ s k j? , fJ; eoe/ ftS' V / d/ d[ Z y ftu w? I ekbh j' rJh jK.
nkw eoe/ @okrh# fJBQ K s[ e K ~ @N/ e # pDk e/ fJj Fpd rkT[ I d/ jB, i' fe
ehosB dh r[ o wfs wo:kdk nB[ ; ko rbs j? . ehosB eod/ ;w/ I @ojkT[ # dhnK
s[ e K ~ N/ e (;EkJh) pDkT[ D dh r[ o wfs wo:kdk j? feT[ I fe ojkT[ ftu jh ;ko/
Fpd dk e/ I doh Gkt doi j[ z d k j? . fJ;/ Fpd dhnK ojkT[ dhnK s[ e K jB L
s? ;kfjp eh w? ;ko B ikBh|
i' p B[ y' f J gkS? gS[ s kBh|¿| ojkT[ |
go id' I @ekbh e' f Jb# tkbhnK s[ e K ~ N/ e pDk e/ okrh f;z x pko pko rkT[ I d/
jB sK fJ; soQ K bZ r dk j? fit/ I fJ; Fpd ftZ u e' f Jb dk jh f}eo j? , Fpd dk
nkFk fJ; soQ K b[ g s j' iKdk j? . fi; Bkb ehosB dk wB' o E g{ o k BjhI j[ z d k. r[ o {
noiB ;kfjp ih B/ @ojkT[ # dk pz d tyok doi eoe/ T[ ; nZ r / tZ y ok nz e |1| gk
e/ ;kvh nrtkJh ehsh j? , j[ D ;kvk co} j? fe n;hI fJ; nrtkJh ~ ep{ b hJ/ .
103H gO F B L ikg ;kfjp dhnK s[ e K @Bw' dkB dkB/ Bw' wkB wkB/ | Bw' o' r o' r / Bw;sz ;BkB/ # |
eJh r[ N fenK ftu gkm wkBz s/ ;BkBz j? eJh r[ N fenK ftu wkB/ s/ ;BkB/ . fJ;
dk eh ekoB j? <
T[ ^ so L d;w roz E dh phV r[ o { r' f pz d f;z x ih s' I 13 ;kb pknd ;z B 1721 ~ j' I d ftu
nkJh ;h. tZ y tZ y f;Z y K d/ :sB eoe/ tZ y tZ y phVK ftu gkmK d/ eJh G/ d T[ s gz B
j' rJ/ . gkmK d/ nfij/ j' o th eJh tyo/ t / I jB, i' s[ ; hI ekbi gk;' I @ikg[ ;kfjp
;Nhe# wz r tk e/ t/ y ;ed/ j' . ;' r[ N fenK dh ;[ X kJh fi; fe;/ ;z ; Ek iK ftdtkB
B/ fi; phV s' I ehsh j? , T[ ; nB[ ; ko jh gkm nz f es ehsk j? . noEK ftu e' J h
coe BjhI g? I dk go gkm dh gq w kfDesk s/ fJe;kosk bJh e/ I doh f;Z y iE/ p z d hnK
~ T[ g okbk }o{ o eoBk ukjhdk j? .
104H gO F B L @fiB fBoGT[ fiB jfo fBoGT[ fXnkfJnk ih fsB ek GT[ ;G rtk;h# s[ e ftZ u
fXnkfJnk s' I pknd gkm @ih# F[ X j? iK @ihT[ # <
T[ ^ so L @ih# gkm jh F[ X j? . ofjok; d/ gkm ftZ u @ih# jh T[ u koB eoBk j? , ihT[ BjhI.
105H gO F B L @@;z s k wkBT[ d{ s k vkBT[ # , fJ; dk eh noE j? <
T[ ^ so L fJj g{ o h s[ e r[ o pkDh dh fJ; gq e ko j? -
;z s k wkBT[ d{ s k vkBT[ fJj e[ N tkoh w/ o h|
fdt; o? f B s/ o / gkT[ gb' ; T[ e/ ; uto efo c/ o h|
fJj s[ e Grs epho ih dh okwebh okr ftZ u T[ u koB ehsh j' J h j? s/ ;q h r[ o {
rz q E ;kfjp ih d/ gz B k ÇÄÏ Ç Ï T[ g o doi j? . fJ; d/ noE ;wMD bJh fJ; Fpd
dh ojkT[ dh s[ e d/ noE gfjb/ eoB/ }o{ o h jB. ojkT[ dh s[ e j? L
jw e{ e o s/ o / dopkfp|
GT[ e fj nkr? pdB g;kfo|
Grs epho ih c[ o wkT[ I d/ jB, j/ gq G { w? I s/ o / do #s/ p? m k j' f Jnk fJe e[ Z s k
jK s/ w{ z j nrKj tXk e/ G" I e fojk jK, Gkt s/ o / do s/ w? I i' s/ o h f;cs-;bkj eo
fojk jK, fJj nkgD/ ;oho ~ fteko-e[ Z f snK s' I pukT[ D bJh j? fit/ I fJe e[ Z s k
fe;/ gokJh rbh d/ e[ Z f snK s' I nkgD/ nkg dh okyh eoB bJh G" I edk j? . j[ D
gfjbh s[ e d/ noE fJ; gq e ko jB L nkgD/ fJ; ;oho-o{ g h Ffjo dh okyh eoB
bJh w/ o k co} fJj j? fe w? A Gb/ r[ D K (;z s K) ~ ih nkfJnk nkyK s/ ftekoK
(d{ s K) ~ wko eZ Y K. fdB oks, j/ gq G { ! s/ o / uoB go;K ns/ nkgD/ e/ ; K dk u" o
s/ o / T[ s / M[ b ktK.
B' N L fJ; Fpd s' I ;kc ;gZ F N j? fe Grs epho ih e/ ; kXkoh ;B. feT[ I fe
fi; wB[ Z y d/ nkgD/ f;o T[ s / e/ ; j' D r/ , T[ j h fJj w[ j ktok tos ;edk j? . wB[ Z y
dh p' b h T[ ; d/ o' } kBk ihtB nB[ ; ko jh tosh iKdh j? .
106H gO F B L ikg ;kfjp ftZ u nkJ/ Fpd nfdq ; ? , nfeq ; ? , nfeq s k, nfwq s k nkfd dk T[ u koD dZ ; '
ih<
T[ ^ so L F[ X T[ u koD j? - ndfo;? , nefoZ s k. f;jkoh @o# Bkb j? .
107H gO F B L sfi nkB ;oD rjh|
sfi nkB esfj B ikfj| (nz e ÆÁÅ)
s[ e K d/ fp;q k w d;' ih.
T[ ^ so L fJjBK d' j K s[ e K ftZ u S' N / fp;q k w yk; fXnkB wz r d/ jB. gfjbh s[ e ftZ u @nkB#
s/ fp;q k w j? , fi; dk noE j? fe j' o BK ~ SZ v e/ s/ o h FoB geVh j? . d{ i h s[ e
ftZ u F[ X fp;okw, @sfi# s' I pknd j? , noE j? fe j/ tkfjr[ o { s? ~ SZ v e/ , n;hI
j' o fes/ BjhI iKd/ . i/ eo d' j K s[ e K d/ fp;q k w nkg; ftu pdb fdZ s / ikD dk
noEK dk nBoE j' ikt/ r k.
108H gO F B L j' t ? f;cfs y;z w dh,
B{ o [ @no;j[ s/ @e[ o ;j[ # MNhn? | (nz e ÇÄÅ)
s[ e ftu no;j[ s/ e[ o ;j[ dk T[ u koB dZ ; ' ih.
 T[ ^ so L no;j[ dk T[ u koD j? , noF' I . noph d/ Fpd noF dk noE j? nekF s/ e[ o ; dk
r' b fNeh uz d , ;{ o i Gkt JhFtoh wz v b.
109H gO F B L r[ o pkDh ftu Fpd @Grfs# nkT[ I dk j? . fJ; dk T[ u koD Grs eoBk j? iK Grsh.
T[ ^ so L Grfs dk noE j? @Grsh# go T[ u koD j? @Grs#. fit/ I
s/ o h Grfs s/ o h Grfs Gz v ko ih,
jfo nfBe nB/ e nBz s k.
s/ o / Grs, s/ o / Grs ;bkjfB s[ X ih,
jfo nfBe nB/ e nBz s k|
@Grs ftu tuB fJ;sq h fbz r BKt j? go @Grs# g[ f bz r Bkt j? .
110H gO F B L eJh gkmh efjz d / jB fe r[ o pkDh ftu fiZ E / fpz d h BjhI bZ r h, T[ E / fpz d h brk e/
gkm BjhI eoBk ukjhdk. fJ; pko/ eh ftuko j? <
T[ ^ so L r[ o pkDh ftu fpz d h dh tos' I j' J h j' J h j? go eJh EktK s/ fpz d h BjhI th brh
j' J h. nZ X e dh tos' I r[ o pkDh ftZ u feXo/ BjhI ehsh rJh. g? o hI fpz d h dh tos' I th
BjhI j? . go i/ :' r EktK #s/ fpz d h, g? o hI fpz d h s/ nZ X e dh tos' I Bk ehsh ikt/ sK
F[ X gkm BjhI j' ;edk. fit/ I j/ m fbyh s[ e ~ fpBK fpz d h nZ X e s' I gfVQ n k BjhI
ik ;edk.
by y[ ; hnk gks;kjhnk i/ ;fsr[ o [ Bdfo eo/ f J|
by ~ bZ y nXe brk e/ gVQ D k gt/ r k. y[ ; hnk ~ y[ F hnK s/ gks;kjhnK ~
gksFkjhnK fpz d h brk e/ gVQ B k gt/ r k. fJ; ;pz X h j' o fB:w s/ ft;Eko ftu
gVQ D bJh f;Z y fwFBoh ekbi b[ f XnkDk iK fdZ b h f;Z y r[ o d[ n kok gO p z X e ew/ N h
gk;' I @r[ o pkDh dk F[ X T[ u koD# g[ ; se wz r tk e/ gVQ ' ih.
111H gO F B L GkJh r[ o dk; ih dhnK tkoK ftu @tkfjr[ o { # Fpd dh ftnkfynk tkbh gT[ V h, fi;
ftZ u ttk-ftF~ jkjk-joh, rz r k-r' f pz d , okok okw nkfd fbfynk j? . eh mhe j? <
T[ ^ so L f;Z y ftdtkBK B/ fJ; ftnkfynk ~ gq t kB BjhI ehsk feT[ I fe fJj ftnkfynk f;Z y h
f;XksK s/ fJfsjk;e gq ; z r nB[ ; ko ]oh BjhI T[ s odh. pj[ s ftdtkB fJ; gT[ V h
~ GkJh ;kfjp ih dh ouBk BjhI wz B d/ s/ ;wMd/ jB fe fit/ I fJfsjk; ftZ u
fwbktN j' J h j? fst/ I jh GkJh ;kfjp dh ouBk ftZ u th feXo/ feXo/ fwbktN j' J h
j? .
112H gO F B L @gosfy r[ o { fB;sko/ # dk wsbp gq s Z y r[ o { jh (d/ j Xkoh r[ o { ) jh sko ;edk j? <
fJ; s[ e d/ noE g{ o h soQ K y' b Q e/ ;wMkD dh feogk eoBh ih.
T[ ^ so L r[ o pkDh dh fJj s[ e ;q h r[ o { okw dk; ih d/ @@BN## okr ftu T[ u koD ehs/ rJ/
Fpd ftu' I j? , fijVk ;q h r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp d/ gz B k-ÇÆÀ #s/ doi j? . fJ; s[ e ~
fp;okw fuz B Q (,) brk e/ gVQ B Bkb noE nkgD/ nkg jh T[ ^ xV nkT[ I d/ jB. nkU
gfjbK gkm tZ b fXnkB d/ J hJ/ L
pkDh r[ o { r[ o { j? pkDh ftfu pkDh nz f wq s [ ;ko/ |
r[ o [ , pkDh ej? , ;/ t e[ iB[ wkB? , gosfy r[ o { fB;sko/ |
fJ; d/ noE j[D ;fji/ jh ;wM nk iKd/ jB, i' fJT[I jB L
pkDh r[ o { - r[ o pkDh jh r[ o { j? .
(r[ o pkDh o{ g r[ o { ) .
r[ o { j? pkDh - r[ o { , pkDh ftZ u w" i { d j? .
(r[ o { o{ g pkDh)
ftfu pkDh nz f wq s [ ;ko/ - pkDh ftZ u nksfwe ihtB d/ D tkbk Bkw ib j? , fi;~
f;Z y ;KG (;ko/ ) e/ oZ y dk j? .
(nz f wq s puB ;fsr[ o eh pkDh,
i' p' b ? ;' w[ f y nz f wq s gkt/ . ) (gz B k ÂÏ Ç Â)
r[ o pkDh ej? - i' r[ o { pkDh efjz d k j? (T[ u kodk j? ) .
;/ t e[ iB[ wkB? - r[ o { dk ;/ t e (f;Z y ) T[ ; pkDh ~ wz B dk j? (FoXk Xkodk j? ) .
gosfy r[ o { fB;sko/ - r[ o { T[ ; ;/ t e ~ :ehBh s" o s/ ;z ; ko ;w[ z d o s' I gko bz x k
fdz d k j? .
ekBVk okr ftZ u ;q h r[ o { okwdk; ih d/ Fpd ftu th fJ; s[ e Bkb fwbdh
i[ b dh s[ e nkT[ I dh j? i' fJT[ I j? -
- ;fsr[ o puB, puB j? ;fsr[ o
gkXo[ w[ e fs iBkt? r ' | (gz B k ¿Á¾Ç)
(fijVk wB[ Z y ;dk r[ o { d/ puBk (pkDh) Bkb fbt i' V e/ oZ y dk j? , nEtk wrB
ofjz d k j? , r[ o { dk T[ g d/ F T[ ; ~ ybk;h dk f;Z X k o;sk dZ ; dk ofjz d k j? .
@pkDh r[ o { , r[ o { j? pkDh# tkbh s[ e ftZ u @gosfy r[ o { fB;sko/ # d/ noE T[ b N
eoe/ gyz v h b' e G' b h Gkbh iBsk ~ nkgD/ wro bk b? I d/ jB. gosfy dk noE j?
:ehBB (;u/ noEK ftZ u ) ns/ fB;sko/ dk noE j? pz d ybk;h eotk d/ D h, e? d
ftu' I S[ N ekok fdtk d/ D k, ekwkfde t? o hnK ekw, e' q X , b' G w' j jz e ko s' I S[ N ekok
fdtk d/ D k. @gosfy r[ o { fB;sko/ # dk Gkt j? L r[ o { T[ ; ;/ t e dk :ehBh s" o s/
fB;skok eotk fdz d k j? . @gosfy r[ o { fB;sko/ # d/ Gkt ~ ;wMD tk;s/ @r[ o { pkDh
ej? , ;/ t e[ iB[ wkB? # d/ noEK ~ wB t;kU, @gosfy r[ o { fB;sko/ # d/ noE nkg
;wM g? ikDr/ . r[ o { pkDh T[ u kodk j? , r[ o { dk ;/ t e T[ ; pkDh T[ s / FoXk Xkodk
j? . r[ o { T[ ; ;/ t e dk :ehBh s" o #s/ fB;skok eok fdz d k j? .
r[ o d[ n ko/ , ;kv/ ;fsr[ o { (Fpd r[ o { , ;q h r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp ih) sys s/
fpokiwkB j[ z d / jB ns/ pkeh ;z r s coF s/ ftShnK dohnK #s/ p? m dh j? . ;ko/
f;Z y fJe ;wkB j[ z d / jB, e' J h T{ u -Bhu BjhI, r[ o { ;kfjp t/ b / r[ o { BkBe d/ t ih
s' I b? e/ d;w gkfsFkj ;q h r[ o { r' f pz d f;z x ih se th fJT[ I jh ;h. id' I g' E h
;kfjp (;q h r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp) dk gq e kF ;q h jfowz d o ;kfjp fty/ j' f Jnk sK pkpk
p[ Z Y k ih nkgD/ ;h; s/ g' E h ;kfjp oZ y e/ fbnkJ/ ;B. gz u w gkfsFkj ;q h r[ o {
noiB d/ t ih g' E h ;kfjp wro u" o eod/ j' J / okw;o s' I jfowz d o ;kfjp tZ b
nkJ/ ;B. g' E h ;kfjp ;[ y -nk;D ;w/ I e' m k ;kfjp fbnKdh iKdh ;h. g' E h
@go/ w ;o ek EkB# ;wM e/ r[ o { ;kfjp nkg coF s/ ;" I d/ ;B ns/ g' E h ;kfjp
gbz x #s/ fpokiwkB j[ z d h ;h.
 pkpk p[ Z Y k ih, GkJh wBh f;z x , pkpk dhg f;z x ih Fjhd nkfd T[ ^ u e' N h d/
r[ o f;Z y K B/ sK nkgD/ nkg ~ r[ o { BjhI ;dtkfJnk, ;koh T[ w o dk;B dk; pD e/
gz E dh ;/ t k ehsh, go nz r o/ } K d/ oki ;w/ I po;ks dhnK y[ z p K tKr gyz v h r[ o {
T[ ^ rD/ F[ o { j' rJ/ ns/ ;oekoh ;ogq ; sh j/ m v/ o / iwk bJ/ . ;Z u / ;fsr[ o { (Fpd
r[ o { ) dh oh;/ eZ u fgZ u p' b D tkb/ r[ o pkDh dhnK s[ e K ~ wo' V so' V e/ G' b h Gkbh
iBsk ~ r[ z w okj eoe/ nkgDh f;Z y h ;/ t eh ekfJw eoB bZ r gJ/ . f;Z y ;z r sK ~
nfij/ dz G h r[ o { n K s' I ypodko ofjDk ukjhdk j? ns/ j/ m fby/ puBK ~ jw/ F K
:kd oZ y Dk ukjhdk j? L
nkfrnk GJh nekb eh,
sph ubkfJT[ gz E .
;G f;yB e' j[ e w j? ,
r[ o { wkBhU rz q E .
113H gO F B L @@s{ ;[ b skB[ ejk jT[ whnk s/ o h etB tvkJh## fJ; dh ft;Eko ;fjs ftnkfynk
eoBh ih. fJ; ftZ u whnK Fpd dk eh Gkt j? <
T[ ^ so L w[ ; bwkB nkg s' I tZ v / wB[ Z y ~ @@whnK ih## efj e/ p[ b kT[ I d/ jB. whnK dk noE
j? u" X oh. wkB:' r , j;shnK ~ whnK d/ Fpd Bkb ;fsekfonk iKdk j? . fit/ I
d[ n kp/ ftZ u @GkJhnk ih#, wkbt/ ftZ u @pkJh ih# ns/ g' m ' j ko ftu @Gkgk ih#
nkgD/ fgsk iK nkg s' I tZ v / ~ efj e/ p[ b kfJnk iKdk j? , fst/ I jh w[ ; bwkB b' e
nkg s' I tZ f vnK tk;s/ @whnK# Fpd tosd/ jB.
@s{ z ;[ b skB[ ejk jT[ whnk# fpbktb[ okr d/ gfjb/ Fpd dh gfjbh s[ e j? .
fJj Fpd ;q h r[ o { BkBe d/ t ih dk T[ u koB ehsk j' f Jnk j? ns/ ;q h r[ o { rz q E
;kfjp d/ gz B k 795 #s/ nz f es j? .
fJ; s[ e dk Gkt ;wMD tk;s/ ;k~ Fpd d/ e/ I doh Gkt nEtk ojkT[ tkbh
s[ e tZ b fXnkB d/ D k gt/ r k. ojkT[ tkbh s[ e fJT[ I j? -
s/ o / r[ D rktk d/ f j p[ M kJh|
i? ; / ;u wfj ojT[ oikJh|1| ojkT[ |
;q h r[ o { BkBe d/ t ih efjz d / jB fe j/ gq G { ! w? ~ fJj rZ b ;wMk fdT[ fe w? I
s[ j kv/ r[ D jh rkT[ I dk ojK ns/ o}k d/ wkbe! w? I s/ o / ;u ftu jh fNfenk ojK.
r[ o { ;kfjp fJ; Fpd ftu gq G { dh f;cs ;bkj eoB dk nkd/ F d/ oj/ jB.
T[ j c[ o wkT[ I d/ jB fe j/ gq G { s{ z s/ pkdFkj (;[ b skB) j? I s/ w? I s? ~ fBok whnK
(u" X oh) efjz d k jK. fJ; ftu s/ o h fejVh tfvnkJh j' rJh< fit/ I fe;/ pkdFkj
~ whnK nkyD Bkb T[;dh tfvnkJh s[ZS wkso jh gqrN j[zdh j? fst/I jh r[ o { ;kfjp efjz d /
jB fe w? I s/ o h tfvnkJh fpnkB eodk j' f Jnk pj[ s jh xZ N dZ ; dk j? .
r[ o { ;kfjp efjz d / jB fe w? I eh eoK< fiz B k fe s[ ; hI w? ~ nkgD/ nkg (;o{ g )
dk frnkB fdZ s k j? , w? I T[ j ' e[ Z M efj fdz d k jK. w? I nz R kD (p/ ; wM) jK. w? E ' I s/ o h
;koh tfvnkJh ejh BjhI iKdh.
Fpd dh gfjbh g{ o h s[ e fJT[ I j? L
 s{ ;[ b skB ejk jT[ whnk s/ o h etB tvkJh|
i' s{ d/ f j ;[ ejk ;[ n kwh w? w{ o y ejD[ B ikJh|¿|
114H gO F B L nkg/ d; nm toB T[ g kfJnB[
nkfg pq j w[ nkfg oki bfJnk|
(tko fpjkrVk, wL Â gz B k-ÃÃÁ)
fJ; s[ e ftZ u fejV/ nmkoK (d; nZ m ) toBk dk f}eo ehsk frnk j? <
T[ ^ so L fjz d { ws ftZ u iksgks d/ nkXko #s/ nkw s" o s/ uko toB jh gq f ;Z X jB. go fJj
uko F[ Z X toB jB, fJ; s' I nZ r / fJBQ K dhnK eJh fe;wK jB. fw;kb d/ s" o #s/ i/
pq k jwD dh n" b kd pq k jwDh s' I j' t / sK fJj pq k jwD ejkT[ I dh j? go i/ pq k jwD dh
n" b kd ysq k Dh s' I j' t / sK fJj Bk pq k jwD ejkT[ I dh j? Bk ysq h . fJjh fB:w pkeh
F[ Z X toBK d/ ;pz X ftZ u j? . fjz d { ws dhnK f;wq s hnK nB[ ; ko nmkoK toB fJj jB
-
pq k jwD, ysq h , t? F , ;{ d o - fJj uko F[ Z X toB jB. pq k jwD dh n" b kd ysq k Dh
s' I , pfDnkDh s' I ns/ F{ d oK s' I , ysoh dh n" b kd pfDnkDh s/ F{ d oK s' I , t? F dh
n" b kd F{ d oK s' I - fJj S/ toB nB[ b ' w i ej/ iKd/ jB. fJ;/ soQ K F{ d o dh n" b kd
pq k jwDh s' I , ysokDh s' I ns/ pfDnkDh s' I , t? F dh n" b kd pq k jwDh s/ ysokDh s' I ,
yZ s oh dh n" b kd pq k jwDh s' I - fJj S/ toB gq f sb' w i ej/ iKd/ jB.
fpBQ K ftnkjh ez f Bnk d/ roG s' I T[ g ih ;z s kB, i/ nkgD/ s' I Bht/ I toB okjhI
j? sK @ekBhB# ejkT[ I dh j? ns/ i' nkgD/ s' I T[ g ob/ toB okjhI j? sK @nz s :i#
ejkT[ I dh j? .
fJ; soQ K fJj nmkoK toB pDd/ jB, fiBQ K dk f}eo T[ g obh s[ e ftZ u ehsk
frnk j? .
115H gO F B L r[ o pkDh ftZ u eJh EktK #s/ pphj/ (ukfsq e ) dk f}eo nkT[ I dk j? . fJ; pko/ fejk
iKdk j? fe fJj w{ z j T[ ^ go eoe/ po;ks dh p{ z d ~ T[ v hedk ofjz d k j? . feogk
eoe/ fJj dZ ; ' fe id fJj gkDh ftu jh ofjz d k j? sK sbkp iK BdhI ftu' I jh
gkDh feT[ I BjhI gh b? I dk<
T[ ^ so L e[ d os B/ fJ; iht d/ rb/ ftZ u fJZ e ;[ o ky pDk ofynk j? . id fJj iht w{ z j EZ b /
eoe/ sbkp tr? o k ftu' I gkDh ghD bZ r dk j? sK T[ ; ;[ o ky okjhI gkDh pkjo fBeb
iKdk j? ns/ fJj iht fgnk;k ofj iKdk j? . id' I fJ;dk w{ z j T[ ^ go tZ b j' t / ns/
y[ Z b k j' t / sK po;ks dh p{ z d fJ; d/ nZ v / j' J / w{ z j ftZ u ' I f;Z X h fJ;d/ nz d o ubh
iKdh j? , fi; Bkb fJ;dh fgnk; p[ Z M iKdh j? .
116H gO F B L T[ m [ cohdk T[ i { ;kfi, ;[ p j fBtki r[ i kfo|
cohd ih d/ fJ; ;b' e ftu T[ i { s' I eh Gkt j? < fJ; s[ e s' I fJz i gq s hs j[ z d k j?
fe cohd ih T[ i { eoB bJh go/ o oj/ jB, go Grs epho ih B/ j/ m fbyh s[ Z e
ftu T[ i { dk yz v B ehsk j? L
fenk T[ i { gke[ ehnk w[ j [ X' f Jnk|
feq g k eoe/ fJj Fz e k d{ o eo' ih|
 T[ ^ so L w[ ; bwkB b' e fBwk} s' I gfjbK w{ z j jZ E X' I d/ , e[ o bh eod/ , w;se s/ gkDh d/ fSZ N /
wkod/ s/ pkjtK s/ g? o th X' I d/ jB. fJ; ;koh fefonk ~ @T[ i { # efjz d / jB.
w[ ; bwkBK dk fynkb j? fe nfijk eoB Bkb gftZ s q s k jk;b j[ z d h j? .
cohd ih dk ;z p z X s ;b' e g{ o k fJ; soQ K j? -
T[ m [ cohdk, T{ i [ ;kfi, ;[ p j fBtki r[ i kfo|
i' f;o[ ;KJh Bk fBt? , ;' f;o[ efg T[ s kfo|
fJ;d/ noE fJ; soQ K jB - j/ cohd! T[ ^ m, T[ i { eo s/ ;t/ o dh fBwki gVQ .
i' f;o wkbe nZ r / BjhI fBz t dk, T[ j f;o eZ N e/ bkj d/ .
;' fJ; ;b' e ftu T[ i { eoB #s/ }' o BjhI fdZ s k frnk, ;r' I gq G { dh pz d rh
eoB s/ }' o fdZ s k frnk j? .
Grs epho ih dh ;pz X s s[ Z e g{ o h fJ; soQ K j? -
fenk T[ i { gke[ ehnk w[ j [ X' f Jnk,
fenk w;hfs f;o[ bkfJnk|
iT[ fdb wfj egN[ fBtki[ r[ i koj[ ,
fenk ji ekp? ikfJnk| (gz B k ¿Áþ)
epho ih efj oj/ jB fe i/ fdb ftZ u mZ r h j? , sK T[ i { eoB, w;hs ftZ u
;idk eoB, fBwki gVQ B ftu jZ i eoB dk th e' J h nksfwe bkG BjhI. ;' fJE/
epho ih B/ yk; s" o #s/ T[ i { dk yz v B BjhI ehsk, pbfe fJ; rZ b #s/ }' o fdZ s k j?
fe gq G { dh pz d rh eofdnK fdb ftZ u egN BjhI j' D k ukjhdk.
117H gO F B L shoE[ sg[ dfJnk ds[ dkB[ | i/ e' gkt? fsb ek wkB[ |
fJj gz r sh ;q h ig[ i h ;kfjp dh j? , fJ; d/ noE ft;Eko Bkb ;wMkT[ .
T[ ^ so L fJ; gz r sh d/ noE fJT[ I jB L
shoE :ksok, sgK dh ;kXBk, ihnK s/ dfJnk eoBh, fdZ s k j' f Jnk dkB, fJBQ K
eowK d/ pdb/ i' fe;/ wB[ Z y ~ e' J h tfvnkJh fwb th ikJ/ sK fsb wkso (osk
fiz B h) jh fwbdh j? . fJ; gz r sh d/ Bkb nrbh gz r sh obkfJnK g{ o h rZ b pDdh
j? . nkU j[ D nrbh gz r sh ~ thukohJ/ -
;[ f Dnk wz f Bnk wfB ehsk GkT[ |
nz s orfs shofE wfb BkT[ |
fJ; gz r sh ~ gfjbh Bkb obk e/ noE eohJ/ sK rZ b ;wM g? ikt/ r h. shoE,
sg, dfJnk, dkB dk cb sK fsb wkso jh j? go fi; wB[ Z y B/ tkfjr[ o { Bkw ~
;[ D e/ wB t;k fbnk ns/ T[ ; Bkb wB ftu fgnko gk fbnk, T[ ; wB[ Z y B/ wkB'
nkgD/ nz d ob/ shoE s/ wb wb e/ fJFBkB eo fbnk j? , Gkt tkfjr[ o { Bkb i[ V e/
nkgD/ wB dh w? b bkj bJh j? .
118H gO F B L @tkj tkj[ pkDh fBoz e ko j? H HHH# r[ o pkDh dh gz e sh ftu tkj[ tkj[ dk F[ Z X T[ u koB
eh j? <
 T[ ^ so L @tkj tkj[ # dk F[ Z X T[ u koB @tkj tkj# eoBk j? . n" e V r[ o pkDh ftnkeoB nB[ ; ko
bZ r h j? , i' @tkj tkj# ~ ftF/ F D j' D k do;kT[ I dh j? . fJ; n" I eV dk ftnkeofDe
B/ w K nB[ ; ko T[ u koB Bkb e' J h ;pz X BjhI j? .
119H gO F B L fwmk efo e? ykfJnk fgnko/ , fsfB sfB ehsk o' r |
eT[ V k j' f J gfs;fNnk fgnko/ , fs; s/ T[ g fink ;' r [ |
fJ; s[ Z e ftZ u @gfs;fNnk# dk F[ X T[ u koB eh j? ns/ fJ; s[ Z e d/ noE th dZ ; ' .
T[ ^ so L gfs;fNnk ~ gfs-;fNnk iK g-fs;fNnk gd-S/ d eoBk nF[ Z X gkm j? . fJj
bc} gfs;N s' I pfDnk j? ns/ fJ;dk T[ u koB fpBK gd-S/ d ehfsnK @gfs;fNnk#
jh j? ns/ fJ; dk noE j? fNe frnk g{ o h s[ Z e d/ noE fJ; soQ K jB -
j/ GkJh! wB[ Z y B/ (;koh T[ w o d[ B hnK d/ gdkoEK ~) fwZ m / wz B e/ ykXk, T[ ;
fwZ m / B/ (T[ ; d/ ) ;oho ftZ u o' r g? d k eo fdZ s k. T[ j o' r d[ y dkJh j' e/ ;oho ftZ u
gZ e k fNe iKdk j? ns/ T[ ; s' I fuz s k rw g? d k j[ z d h j? .
120H gO F B L @@s/ o k J/ e ' Bkw[ wz i hmVk## ftu wz i hmVk s' I eh Gkt j? <
T[ ^ so L wz i hmVk dk Fpdh noE j? - ;' j Dk wihm. fJj fJe fe;w dk r{ V Q k gZ e k bkb oz r
j? i' fe wihm Bkw dh t/ b ftZ u ' I fsnko ehsk iKdk j? . fJ; pko/ gq f ;Z X j? fe
fJj X' D Bkb T[ s odk BjhI. fJ; d/ w[ e kpb/ s/ e;[ z G / dk oz r eZ u k j[ z d k j? , i' fe
S/ s h bfj iKdk j? . fJ; bJh @gq G { - fgnko# ~ wihm d/ oz r Bkb s[ b Bk fdZ s h rJh
j? ns/ @irs w' j # ~ e;z [ G / Bkb. r[ o { ;kfjp Bkw ~ wihmh oz r efj e/ fJT[ I
;bkj[ z d / jB -
s/ o k J/ e ' Bkw[ wz i hmVk osk w/ o k u' b k ;d oz r Y' b k|
121H gO F B L r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp dhnK tkoK ftu B" X[ B K fe; B/ uVQ k JhnK ;B<
T[ ^ so L ;q h r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp dh pkDh fiZ E / okrK nB[ ; ko fbyh j? , fJE' I Bkb jh pho o;
g? d k eoB bJh goT[ g ekoh ;{ o pho, g[ o FK d/ BktK dhnK tkoK s/ Yz r go rkT[ D
bJh ;q h r[ o { noiB
d/ t ih B/ B" X[ B K uVQ k JhnK jB. go npd[ b BE/ s/ j' o YkvhnK gk;' I rtkJhnK
whoh ghoh d/ wkbe S/ t / I gkfsFkj B/ jB, fiBQ K f;Z y gz E ~ ;{ o phosk s/ ;z s
f;gkjh j' D dh r[ V sh fdZ s h. B" X[ B K fJ; gq e ko jB L
1) tko wkM eh sEk ;b' e wL ¿, wbe w[ o hd sEk uz d q j Vk ;' j hnk eh X[ B h rktDh
2) rT[ V h eh tko wL Ã, okfJ ewkbdh w' i dh eh tko eh X[ f B.
3) nk;k eh tko wL ¿, N[ z v / n; oki? eh X[ B h.
4) r{ i oh eh tko wL Á, f;ez d o fpokfjw dh X[ B h.
5) tvjz ; eh tko wL Â, bbK pfjbhwK eh X[ f B.
6) okwebh eh tko wL Á, i' X ? tho? g{ o pkDh eh X[ B h.
7) ;koz r eh tko wL Â, okfJ wjw/ j;B/ eh X[ f B.
8) tko wbko eh wL ¿, okD/ e? b k; sEk wkbd/ eh X[ f B.
9) ekBV/ eh tko wL Â, w{ ; / eh tko eh X[ B h.
122H gO F B L @w' j B s/ o / T{ u / wz d o wjb ngkok# Fpd ftu eh pkpk w' j B ih i' sh;o/ gkfsFkj
r[ o { nwodk; ih d/ ;g[ s o ;B, dh T[ ; sfs ehsh rJh j? <
T[ ^ so L BjhI, fJ; Fpd ftu @w' j B# bc} gq w kswk bJh tofsnk frnk j? . r[ o pkDh ftu
fe;/ ftnesh dh T[ ; sfs BjhI ehsh rJh ;r' I gq G { dh T[ ; sfs jh ehsh rJh j? .
123H gO F B L @nkfd ;u[ i[ r kfd ;u[ | j? Gh ;u[ , BkBe j' ; h Gh ;u[ | # ig[ i h d/ ;b' e Bkb
fpbe[ b fwbdk ;b' e @;[ y wBh ;kfjp# dh ;skothI nFNgdh s' I gfjb/ doi j? ,
fi; ftZ u @Gh# dh EK @fG# doi j? . eh fJ; wksok pdbD pko/ e' J h ;kyh pkpk ;q h
uz d ih Bkb ;pz X s f;Z y fJfsjk; ftu doi j? <
T[ ^ so L BjhI, n? ; h e' J h gq w kfDe fJfsjkf;e ;kyh f;Z y fJfsjk; ftu doi BjhI j? . i'
;kyhnK ;[ D kJhnK ik ojhnK jB, T[ j fBo' b wB' ebfgs jB. d' j K ;b' e K d/ noEK
ftu e' J h nz s o BjhI j? .
124H gO F B L nBz d ;kfjp dh pkDh ftZ u nyho s/ nkJ/ Fpd nBd dk F[ X T[ u koB eh j? <
T[ ^ so L nBd dk F[ X T[ u koB j? L nBz d . r[ o pkDh ftu pj[ s ;ko/ Fpd n? ; / jB,i' fJe EK
s/ fNZ g h brk e/ fby/ jB s/ d{ i h irQ k fNZ g h s' I fpBK. ;' fNZ g h bZ r / FpdK s' I ;/ X
b? e/ fpBK fNZ g h bZ r / FpdK ~ fNZ g h brk e/ gVQ D k jh F[ Z X T[ u koB j? .
125H gO F B L @dhtkbh dh oks dht/ pkbhnfB|# tkb/ Fpd s' I fJz i brdk j? fit/ I fJ; ftu
dhtkbh dh oks ~ dht/ pkbD bJh fejk frnk j? . fJ; dk noE ;wMkT[ .
T[ ^ so L ehosB eod/ ;w/ I ojkT[ tkbh s[ e ~ ;EkJh pDkT[ D dh wfo:kdk j? feT[ I fe ojkT[
tkbh s[ Z e ftu ;ko/ Fpd dk e/ I doh Gkt j[ z d k j? . GkJh r[ o dk; ih dhnK tkoK ftu
gfjbK e[ Z M T[ d kjoDK j[ z d hnK jB ns/ nyhobh s[ e ftu T[ ; gT[ V h dk e/ I doh Gkt
j[ z d k j? . fJ; bJh GkJh r[ o dk; ih dhnK tkoK rkT[ I fdnK ;z p z X s gT[ V h dh nkyoh
s[ e ~ ;EkJh pBkT[ D k ukjhdk j? . go nkw s" o s/ okrh f;z x nkgDh wBwo}h dh
s[ e b? e/ ;EkJh pDk b? I d/ jB, fi; Bkb fJe sK e/ I doh Gkt ;gZ F N BjhI j[ z d k,
d{ i / eJh tkoh T[ j s[ e rbs noEK dk ;z e / s fdz d h j? ns/ fJ; soQ K eoB Bkb
wo:kdk th Gz r j[ z d h j? . ;ko/ okrh f;z x K ~ fJ; gk;/ T[ u / u k fXnkB d/ D k ukjhdk
j? ns/ gz E e wo:kdk ftZ u fJe;[ o sk dk gq r Nktk eoBk ukjhdk j? .
@dhtkbh dh okfs dht/ pkbhnfB|# GkJh r[ o dk; ih dh 19thI tko dh S/ t h
gT[ V h j? . fJE/ th ;z p z X s okrh B/ gfjbh s[ e ~ ;EkJh pDk e/ rbs noEK dk
;z e / s fdZ s k j? . fJ; gT[ V h dh nkyoh s[ e @r[ o w[ f y ;[ y cb dkfs ;pfd
;wQ k bhnfB|# ~ ;EkJh pDkT[ D k ukjhdk ;h. fJ; gT[ V h ftu ftuko fdZ s k frnk j?
fe i' nksfwe ;[ Z y Fpd dh dks gq w kswk d/ f;woB okjhI gq k gs j[ z d k j? , T[ j
r[ o w[ y jh ;z G kbd/ jB, T[ j jh ;EkJh ;[ y j? . pkeh ;G d[ f Bnkth ;[ y E' V Q fuo/
jB. fJ; gT[ V h d/ g{ o / noE j/ m K fdZ s / ik oj/ jB-
dhtkbh dh oks ~ xoK ftu dht/ pkb/ iKd/ jB. fJ;/ soQ K oks ~ S' N / tZ v /
sko/ n;wkB ftu uwed/ jB go fdB uVQ d / jh nb' g j' iKd/ jB. pkrK ftu soQ K
soQ K d/ c[ Z b fyVd/ jB go e[ M d/ o pknd jh T[ j u[ D u[ D e/ s' V bJ/ iKd/ jB.
:ksohnK d/ N' f bnK d/ N' b / shoEK s/ iKd/ nyhI d/ y hd/ jB go S/ s h jh shoEK g[ o
 T[ j BK dk w[ F e BjhI ofjz d k. jfouz d T[ o h tKr ;z ; ko ftu nB/ e K BrohnK dh Mksh
(fdykt/ wkso) fd;dh j? s/ ysw j' iKdh j? , t;dh s/ T[ i V iKdh j? . fJ;/ gq e ko
fJj irs E' V Q / fuo dk nBz d j? . n;b ftu nksfwe nBz d (i' fe ;dhth j? )
Fpd dh dks okjhI, r[ o w[ y K ~ gq k gs j[ z d k j? .
126H gO F B L @;' j z # Fpd dk eh noE j? <
T[ ^ so L r[ o pkDh ftu ;' j z Fpd d' noEK ftu tofsnk frnk j? . fJ; dk gfjbk noE j?
- @T[ j w? I jK#. fit/ I fe j/ m fbyhnK s[ Z e K ftZ u j? -
;' j z nkg gSkDhn? ;pfd G/ f d gshnkfJ| (gz B k ľ)
;' j z ;' , ik et[ j? ikg|
ikeT[ fbgs B j' f J g[ z B no[ gkg| (gz B k ¿¿ÄÀ)
;' j z dk d{ ; ok noE j? - F' G dh j? , fit/ I fe j/ m fbyh s[ Z e ftZ u j? -
o;Bk okw ejs r[ D ;' j z | (gz B k ¿À¿¿)
127H gO F B L @eS{ n e# Fpd d/ noE ns/ T[ u koB pko/ dZ ; ' <
T[ ^ so L eS{ n e dk noE j? - E' V Q k pj[ s , e[ Z M Bk e[ M . fJ; dk F[ Z X T[ u koB j? @eS{ n e#.
r[ o pkDh dk c[ o wkB j? -
wB ;wMktB ekoB/ , eS{ n e gVhn? frnkB|
128H gO F B L w/ o h w/ o h e? o T[ eos/ , d[ o i' X B ;/ GkJh|
pkoj i' i B Ssq ub? Ek, d/ j h froMB ykJh|
eh fJ; s[ Z e ftu @froMB# dk gkm @froM B# eoBk mhe j? <
T[ ^ so L eJh ;Z i D @froM B# gkm gd S/ d eoe/ eod/ jB, i' fe F[ Z X gkm BjhI j? . F[ Z X
gkm froMB j? , i' gd S/ d ehs/ fpBK jh eoBk j? . fJ;dk noE j? - froMK B/ .
froMB pj[ tuB j? . g{ o h s[ Z e d/ noE fJ; soQ K jB-
fiBQ K e" o tK d/ d[ o :' X B tor/ pbh Gok ;B, T[ j w/ o h
w/ o h dk jz e ko eod/ j' J / efjz d / ;B fe ;kvh gksFkjh j? . e[ o e[ F / s o dh iz r t/ b /
48 e' j K ftu T[ B Q K dk g;kok ;h, go nkfyo T[ B Q K dhnK b' E K ~ froMK B/ ykXk.
129H gO F B L gkjo{ n ok Sfp u' o [ B bkr? | fJ; s[ Z e ftu @gkjo{ n ok Sfp# ns/ @gkjo{ n okSfp#
ftZ u ' I fejVk gkm F[ Z X j? < fJ; s[ Z e d/ noE th dZ ; ' <
T[ ^ so L @gkjo{ n ok Sfp# gkm F[ Z X j? . gkjo{ n ok dk noE j? - gfjo/ d ko, gq w kswk ns/ Sfp
dk noE j? - s/ i , uwe, gq e kF. fJE/ gKv/ ~ ;zp'XB eoe/ fejk frnk j? fe nkgD/
nzdo gqG{-oky/ dk s/i gqekF eo, fco e'Jh ekwkfde u'o s/o/ B/VQ/ BjhI nkt/rk.
130H gO F B L @@;kps ;{ o fs d;skok f;ok## s' I eh Gkt j? < eh fJj r[ o { rq z E ;kfjp ftu doi
j? <
T[ ^ so L fJj ;q h r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp d/ gz B k 1084 T[ s / doi j? . go fJj fJe s[ e dk nZ X k
fjZ ; k j? , g{ o h s[ e fJ; soQ K j? -
Bkgke gke[ efo jd{ f o jdh;k,
;kps ;{ o fs d;sko f;ok|
 fJE/ @;kps ;{ o fs# s' I Gkt j? ;oho ~ fiT[ I dk fsT[ I oZ y Dk, e' J h nz r S/ d B
Bk eoBk. @d;sko f;ok# dk noE j? - f;o T[ s / d;sko, Gkt fJ}s nkdo dk
t;hbk. jd{ f o jdh;k dk noE j? oZ p h Foj dh g[ ; se. g{ o h s[ Z e d/ noE fJ;
soQ K jB L
j/ nZ b k d/ pz d / ! ftekoK ftZ u wbhB j' oj/ wB ~ gftZ s o eoB dk :sB eo,
fJjh j? oZ p h fwbkg g? d k eoB tkbh Foj dh feskp. nkgDh Feb ~ fiT[ I dk
fsT[ I oZ y , fJj b' e gq b ' e ftu nkdo gq k gs eoB dk t;hbk pD iKdk j? .
131H gO F B L eJh ;Z i D Grs epho ih ~ t? F Bt ws dk d; e/ T[ B Q K d/ eJh eowK s/ ftukoK dk
r[ o wfs Bkb w/ b BjhI fbyd/ . fJ; d/ gq w kD bJh T[ j j/ m fbyh s[ e dZ ; d/ jB-
Gkt? bKp/ e/ ; eo[ Gkt? xofo w[ v kfJ|
T[ j efjz d / jB fe s[ j kv/ ;q h r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp ftu i/ fJj fbfynk j? sK s[ ; hI e/ ;
feT[ I oZ y d/ j' <
T[ ^ so L @Gkt? bKp/ eo[ # epho ;kfjp dk gZ u htK ;b' e j? , i' fJT[ I j? -
epho gq h fs fJe f;T[ ehJ/ , nkB d[ f pXk ikfJ|
Gkt? bKp/ e/ ; eo[ Gkt? xofo w[ v kfJ| (gz B k ¿ÁÄÃ)
fJ; ;b' e ftu epho ;kfjp c[ o wkT[ I d/ jB fe fJe nekb g[ o y Bkb gq h s
eo' , fi; ;dek d[ f uZ s h d{ o j' iKdh j? . fJe dh gq h s fpBK Gkt/ I iNK tXk bt/ s/
Gkt/ I f;ow{ z j w[ B k e/ x' B w' B j' ikt/ , d[ f pXk ftu jh c;/ oj/ r ' . epho ;kfjp
c' e N eowK s/ G/ y K dk yz v B eod/ jB Bk fe f;o w[ B kT[ D dk nkd/ F fdz d / jB.
c' e N eowK ns/ G/ y K pko/ r[ o { BkBe d/ t ih wbko eh tko ftZ u fJT[ I fpnkB
eod/ jB-
fJfe tD yz f v p? ; fj ikfJ, ;d[ B d/ t jh|
fJfe gkbk eeo[ Gz f B, ;hsb[ ib[ j/ I tjh|
fJfe G;w uVktfj nz f r, w? b [ B X' t jh|
fJfe iNk fpeN fpeokb, e[ b [ xo[ y' t jh|
fJfe BrB fcofj fdB[ okfs, BhId B ;' t jh| (gz B k ¿ÀÆÂ)
fJ;/ jh tko dh nrbh gT[ V h ftZ u i? B hnK dh dFk fpnkB eod/ jB. i? B h Gh
nkgDk f;o oVk gZ N e oZ y d/ jB. T[ j f;o d/ tkb e? I uh iK T[ ; so/ Bkb BjhI ;kc
eod/ ;r' I fJeZ b k fJeZ b k tkb fyZ u e/ g[ Z N d/ jB sK i' w[ V e/ T[ ^ r Bk gt/ . r[ o {
;kfjp efjz d / jB-
jEh f;o y' j kfJ, B Gd[ eokfJnk|
e[ f ub ojfj fdB okfs, ;pd[ B GkfJnk| (gz B k ¿ÀÆÃ)
epho ;kfjp th fJe nekb g[oy dh nokXBk dk nkd/F fdz d / jB ns/ r[ o { BkBe d/ t
ih dk th fJj' jh T[ g d/ F j? . r[ o { BkBe d/ t ih s/ Grs epho ;kfjp d/ c' e N
eowK ns/ G/ y K pko/ th ;w fynkb jB. T[ j jT[ I -w? I (jT[ w ? ) ftu wZ s / ;{ o i o{ g h
r[ o wfs ~ jT[ w ? I o{ g h dhtk (nkgDh wB-wZ s ) fdyk e/ G' b / Gkb/ b' e K ~ r[ z w okj
 eoB bJh nkgDk fNb bkT[ I d/ ofjz d / jB, go ;Z u h r[ o wfs nr/ T[ B Q K dhnK j[ Z i sK
s[ Z S jh jB.
f;o s/ e/ ; n;hI BjhI oZ y / , fJj sK ;oho dk nz r jB. r[ o { e/ f;Z y dks/ dh
dks ~ fgnkoh ikD e/ fJ; dh ;fseko ;fjs gkbDk eod/ jB Bk fe nkgDh wZ s
~ T[ ^ uh ;wMe/ ;oho o{ g h febQ / d/ w[ B ko/ nkgD/ jZ E hI Yfj Y/ o h eo fdz d / jB.
132H gO F B L j/ m fbyh gz r sh d/ noE dZ ; ' L
ej[ BkBe w/ o / g{ o / wB' o E ;kX ;z f r sfi bpj{ z |
(d/ j rz X koh wL Ã, gz B k ÃÀÇ)
fJj th dZ ; Dk fe ;jh gkm @;kX ;z f r sfi bpj{ z # j? iK @;kX ;z r fs fi bpj{ z #.
T[ ^ so L g{ o h s[ e fJT[ I j? -
;[ y [ nkfJU, G? Gow fpBk;/ , feq g kb j{ J / gq G ipj{ |
ej[ BkBe w/ o / g{ o / wB' o E, ;kX ;z f r, sfi bpj{ z |
i/ fJ; s[ e ~ T[ g o fdZ s / fp;okw fuz B (,) brk e/ ftukfonk ikJ/ sK ;jh
noE nkgD/ nkg T[ ^ xV nkT[ I d/ jB. gz u w gksFkj r[ o { noiB d/ t ih c[ o wkT[ I d/
jB fe id' I gq G { ih feq g kb (fdnkb) j' rJ/ sK ;[ Z y fwb frnk ns/ vo (G? ) Gow
fpB;, d{ o j' rJ/ . j/ BkBe! w/ o / wB' o E (wB' GktBk, ekoi) g{ o / j' rJ/ id' I
wkfJnk dh fsq F Bk si e/ (SZ v e/ ) ;kX ;z r s ehsh.
F[ Z X gkm @;kX ;z f r sfi bpj{ z # j? Bk fe @;kX ;z f rs# e' J h Fpd BjhI. ;jh
Fpd @;z r fs# j? fit/ I fJj ;z ; feq s ftu' I nkfJnk j? . sZ s / ~ f;jkoh fJ; Fpd d/
fJ;sq h fbz r j' D dk gq r Nktk eodh j? . @;kX ;z f r# dk noE j? Gb/ g[ o FK dh ;z r s
Bkb. @sfi# d/ iZ i / ~ f;jkoh j' D ekoB fJ; d/ noE pDd/ jB, si e/ (SZ v e/ )
fit/ I @Xfo soki{ s' b hn? # ftu Xfo d/ noE jB Xo e/ .
133H gO F B L j/ m fby/ FpdK d/ noE ft;Eko Bkb dZ ; D dh feq g kbsk eoBh-
1H nk;D[ b' f J b' f J Gz v ko|
i' feS[ gkfJnk ;[ J/ e k tko|
2H ws[ e' ikD? ikfJ nr? gkfJ;h|
i/ j / eow ewkfJ s/ j k j' f J;h|
T[ ^ so L nk;D[ b' f J b' f J Gz v ko| ig[ i h ;kfjp ih fJeZ s thI gT[ V h j? , fi; dk g{ o k gkm
fJT[ I j? -
Awsxu loie loie BMfwr ]
jo ikCu pwieAw su eykw vwr ]
kir kir vyKY isrjxhwru ]
nwnk scy kI swcI kwr ]
Awdysu iqsY Awdysu ]
Awid AnIlu Anwid Anwhiq jugu jugu eyko vysu ] 31 ]
fJ; gT[ V h d/ noE fJT[ I jB-
tkfjr[ o { B/ jo/ e b' e ftZ u nk;D iwkfJnk j' f Jnk j? ns/ jo/ e GtB ftZ u
T[ ; d/ Gz v ko/ uZ b oj/ jB. T[ ; B/ i' e[ M fJBQ K Gz v kohnK ftu gkfJnk j? , fJe' tko
 gk fdZ s k j? . f;q F Nh dk f;oiDjko tkfjr[ o { ihtK ~ g? d k eoe/ T[ B Q K dh ;z G kb
tkbh eko eo fojk j? . j/ BkBe! ;dk fEo ofjD tkb/ nekb g[ o y dh f;q F Nh dh
;z G kb tkbh fJj eko ;dk nZ N b j? . ;' , T[ ; tkfjr[ o { ~ gq D kw eo' i' ;G dk w[ Z Y
j? , i' F[ Z X ;o{ g j? , fi;dk e' J h w[ Z Y BjhI bZ G ;edk, i' Bk; ofjs j? ns/ i' ;dk
jh fJe' fijk ofjz d k j? .
(n) @ws[ e' ikD? ikfJ# okr ;{ j h ftZ u T[ u koB ehsk j' f Jnk Fpd ;q h r[ o { BkBe
d/ t ih dk j? . g{ o k Fpd fJT[ I j? -
sUhI mhlw 1 ]
BWfw hCw soie jo iqsu BwvsI ]
BWfw Aiq mlIxu Doqw hCw n hoiesI ]
gurU duAwrY hoie soJI pwiesI ]
eyqu duAwrY Doie hCw hoiesI ]
mYly hCy kw vIcwru Awip vrqwiesI ]
mqu ko jwxY jwie AgY pwiesI ]
jyhy krm kmwie qyhw hoiesI ]
AMimRqu hir kw nwau Awip vrqwiesI ]
cilAw piq isau jnmu svwir vwjw vwiesI ]
mwxsu ikAw vycwrw iqhu lok suxwiesI ]
nwnk Awip inhwl siB kul qwrsI ]1]4]6]
(nz e ÅÁ¾)
s[ e eq w nB[ ; ko fJ; Fpd d/ noE fJT[ I jB-
1) T[ j hU fjodk (GKvk) uz r k j? , fijVk oZ p ~ Gkn iKdk j? .
2) fijVk fjodk pj[ s w? b k j' frnk j? , T[ j shoEK nkfd T[ ^ s/ X' D Bkb nZ S k
BjhI j' ;edk.
3) r[ o { d/ d[ n ko/ ikD Bkb nZ S / j' D dh ;' M h fwb iKdh j? .
4) r[ o T[ g d/ F Bkb wB dh w? b T[ s oB Bkb jh fjodk F[ X j[ z d k j? .
5) w? b / ns/ nZ S / dk fBoDk tkfjr[ o { nkg jh eodk j? .
6) fe;/ ~ fJj BjhI ;wMDk ukjhdk fe fpBk ewkJh ehfsnK nr/ ik e/ e[ M gk
bJhdk j? , feT[ I fe
7) fij' fij/ e' J h eow eodk j? , T[ j ' fijk T[ j T[ E / ;wfMnk iKdk j? .
8) nkgDk nz f wq s Bkw th tkfjr[ o { nkg jh fdz d k j? .
9) fi; ~ T[ j Bkw fdz d k j? , T[ j wB[ Z y nkgDk iBw ;cb eoe/ fJ}s Bkb iKdk
j? ns/ T[ ; dh tfvnkJh dk vz e k tkfjr[ o { tiKdk j? .
10) nkgD/ nkg ftu wB[ Z y ftukok e[ Z M th BjhI go tkfjr[ o { nkgDh feogk ;dek
T[ ; dh F[ j os dk vz e k fsz B K b' e K ftZ u tiKdk j? .
11) r[ o { BkBe d/ t ih efjz d / jB fe nfijk wB[ Z y nkg nBz d ftZ u ofjz d k j? ns/
nkgDh e[ b ~ th sko b? I dk j? .
 f;Zy ofjs wfo:kdk ;pzXh ;tkb itkp

1H gO F B L f;Z y ofjs wfo:kdk ftu nkJ/ Fpd fynkj, f;yk, ;{ s , GZ d D, g[ S Dk, ;[ y Dk s' I
eh Gkt j? <
T[ ^ so L fJj Fpd nBwZ s hnK d/ eow-eKvk d/ jB, i' f;Z y K ~ BjhI eoB/ . noE j/ m fby/
nB[ ; ko jB L
fynkj L gq k Dh d/ woB d/ fdB (fsph s/ ) FokX eokT[ D k.
f;yk L p/ d h
;{ s L iB/ T {
GZ d D L w[ z v B (f;o wBkT[ D k)
g[ Z S Dk L pq k jwD $ gho $ i' s Fh gk;' I fe;/ ez w d/ nkoz G s' I gfjbK T[ ; d/ uz r / $
wkV/ n;o pko/ g[ Z S Dk.
2H gO F B L uko e[ o fjsK fejVhnK-fejVhnK jB<
T[ ^ so L 1H e/ ; K dh p/ n dph.
2H e[ Z m k ykDk (T[ j wk; i' w[ ; bwkBh sohe/ Bkb fsnko ehsk j' t / .
3H go fJ;soh iK go g[ o F dk G' r Dk.
4H swke{ dk tosDk.
fJjBK ftu' I e' J h e[ o fjs j' ikt/ sK gz i K fgnkfonK d/ g/ F j' e/ , dz v b[ n k e/
nz f wq s SeDk }o{ o h j? . nkgDh fJZ S k fto[ Z X nBG' b jh e' J h e[ o fjs j' ikJ/ sK dz v
e' J h BjhI.
3H gO F B L ;q h r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp s' I @tke# b? D dh eh wfo:kdk j? <
 T[ ^ so L ;G s' I gfjbK f;Z y jZ E g? o ;kc eoe/ , FoXk s/ gq / w Bkb r[ o { ;kfjp dh skfpnk
;Z i ikJ/ . fco gq / w Bkb w{ b wz s o dk gkm eo/ . T[ g oz s r[ o { T[ g wk iK r[ o { nr/
p/ B sh dk e' J h fJe ;b' e iK Fpd wz r bkuoB ti' I gVQ / . T[ g oz s ndp Bkb o[ w kbk
u[ Z e e/ j[ e w b? D bZ f rnK yZ p / gz B / d/ T[ s b/ gkf;T[ I gfjbk Fpd i' ikoh j? , w[ Z Y
s' I gVQ B k ukjhJ/ . i/ Fpd dk fgSb/ gz B / s' I F[ o { j[ z d k j? sK gsok gos e/ gVQ B k
F[ o { eoBk b' V hJ/ s/ ;kok Fpd gVQ B k ukjhdk j? . i/ @tko# j' t / sK gT[ V h d/ ;ko/
;b' e ns/ gT[ V h gVQ B h ukjhJ/ . Gkt/ I nFNgdh j' t / , Gkt/ I Sz s ;' b j/ , fiE/ Fpd d/
nz s ftZ u @BkBe# Bkw nk ikt/ , T[ ; s[ e s/ G' r gkfJnk ikt/ . i/ @tke# Grs pkDh
ftu' I nk ikt/ sK Fpd d/ nz s ftu fiZ E / @Grs# dk Bkw nk ikt/ , T[ E ' I se gVQ D k
j? .
nfrnkBh g[ o FK dk fJj efjDk fe ;t/ o / , d[ g fjo/ s/ Fkw ~ tke b? D d/ tZ y
tZ y Yz r jB, i' fe wo:kdk d/ fto[ Z X j? . eJh nfrnkBh fe;/ tke ~ eoVk, fe;/
~ ;' j Dk wz B d/ jB. n? ; k efjDk r[ o pkDh dh p/ n dph eoBh j? .
tke fbnk ik fojk j' t / sK Bkb Bkb BjhI p' b Dk, Gkt/ I Fpd fe;/ ~ }pkBh
:kd j' t / . j' o th uz r k j? fe i/ @tke# dk r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp dk gz B k s/ gfjbh s[ Z e ,
;q h dopko ;kfjp nz f wq s ;o j[ e w b? D tKC, T[ ^ uh dZ ; fdZ s k ikJ/ .
d'tK gkf;nK s'I r[o{ rzqE ;kfjp d/ gzB/ b? e/ fco fBy/V e/ tke b? D k r[ o wfs dh
wo:kdk BjhI. fJj @ckb# gkT[ D h j? , i' fJ;bkwh XkoBk j? . tke dk Gkt j? r[ o {
T[ g d/ F ~ ;[ D e/ fdq V Q eoBk. fJ; ~ @gz S h gq F B# tkbh XkoBk BjhI wz B Dk.
4H gO F B L r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp T[ g o uVQ k J/ ikD tkb/ o[ w kb/ T[ g o eh nBwsK d/ fuz B Q Skg/ iK
eYkJh eoe/ pDkJ/ ik ;ed/ jB<
T[ ^ so L BjhI, r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp T[ g o uVQ k J/ ikD tkb/ o[ w kb/ T[ g o fe;/ nBws dk e' J h
fuz B Q T[ b hfenk, eYtkfJnk iK Skfgnk BjhI ik ;edk. n? ; k o[ w kbk r[ o { rz q E
;kfjp T[ g o BjhI uVQ k fJnk ik ;edk. r[ o d[ n ko/ ftu e/ t b f;Z y Xow d/ n;{ b K
#s/ f;Z y wfo:kdk dh wjkBsk s/ ;ot' s wsk j? .
5H gO F B L eh f;Z y bJh ;okXK ftu ftnkj eokT[ D k tofis j? <
T[ ^ so L f;Z y h dk ;okXK Bkb d{ o dk th ;pz X BjhI. f;Z y ;okXK ftu ftnkj eo/ e' J h o' e
BjhI, ;r' I jo uh} t;s ;" y h fwb iKdh j? , feT[ I fe nBwshJ/ fJjBK fdBK ftZ u
ftnkj BjhI eod/ . ;okXK ftu ftnkj Bk eoBk nfrnkBsk s/ tfjw gq ; sh dk
fFeko j' D k j? .
6H gO F B L id' I nyz v gkm j' fojk j' t / sK T[ E / ehosB j' ;edk j? <
T[ ^ so L BjhI, fJe tes ;z r s ftZ u fJe' rZ b j' D h ukjhJ/ gkm, eEk iK ehosB. i/ gkmh
gkm eo/ r k ns/ ehosBhJ/ f;z x ehosB eoBr/ sK d' j K dh nktk} obrv j' t / r h s/
e[ M gb/ n BjhI g? ;edk. i/ gkmh gkm p' b e/ Bk ;[ D kt/ sK gkmh dh fposh ehosB
dh ntk} Bkb gkm ftu BjhI bZ r ;edh. gkm s/ ehosB e/ t b o;w g{ o sh bJh
BjhI ;r' I nksfwe nkBz d b? D bJh eoBk j? . i/ gkm ;[ D e/ nksfwe nBz d fwbdk
j? sK Bkb ehosB eoe/ nBz d ~ feT[ I ftrkfVnk ikt/ .
7H gO F B L eh r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp ih dh skfpnk f;oc roz E h f;z x jh p? m ;edk j? , e' J h j' o
BjhI<
T[ ^ so L f;Z y ofjs wo:kdk nB[ ; ko n? ; k e' J h ftXkB BjhI fe e/ t b roz E h f;z x iK e/ t b
nz f wq s Xkoh f;z x jh skfpnk p? m / < jo r[ o f;Z y i' r[ o { roz E ;kfjp ~ nkgDk
fJFN wz B dk j' t / s/ r[ o { d/ ;fseko ~ fB:s wfo:kdk nB[ ; ko fBGkn ;edk j' t / ,
T[ j skfpnk p? m ;edk j? .
8H gO F B L ofjok; ;kfjp dk gkm fejVk eoBk mhe j? <
T[ ^ so L gz E gq t kfDs f;Z y ofjs wfo:kdk nB[ ; ko ofjok; ;kfjp dk gkm ;' d [ o s/ o k
e/ j kHHHHs' I b? e/ H HHHsB wB Eht? jfonk se eoBk :' r j? .
9H gO F B L fe;/ ofjsBkw/ ftZ u fJj gfVQ n k ;h fe Xow;kbhnk (rz q E h) ish ;sh j' t / Gkt fe
frq ; sh Bk j' t / , eh fJj mhe j? <
T[ ^ so L ish ;sh dk Gkt nkgD/ nkuoD ~ T[ ^ uk oZ y D s' I j? . fJ; dk noE @frq j ;sh Bk
j' D k# BjhI. frq j ;E Xow ~ f;Z y h ftu ;G s' I T[ s w wz f Bnk frnk j? .
10H gO F B L eJh irQ k s/ nyz v gkm d/ Bkb fJe X{ g hnk fpmkfJnk iKdk j? , i' X{ g X[ y kT[ I dk
ofjz d k j? s/ ig[ i h ;kfjp dk gkm eodk ofjz d k j? , eJh EktK #s/ e[ z G BbhJ/ o
oyd/ jB s/ i' s th irkJh iKdh j? . eh n? ; k eoBk mhe j? <
T[ ^ so L f;Z y ofjs wfo:kdk nB[ ; ko fJj ;kok e[ M eoBk wBws j? . fJj fBo' b pq k jwDh
ws dh Beb j? . id' I r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp dk gkm j' fojk j[ z d k j? sK fco ig[ i h
;kfjp dk j' o tZ y ok gkm fe; noE<
11H gO F B L eh nz f wq s Xkoh f;z x gbk;fNe iK fe;/ j' o Xks dk ez x k oy ;edk j? <
T[ ^ so L ez x k bZ e Vh dk jh j' D k ukjhdk j? . tZ y tZ y soQ K d/ ez x / oZ y D Bkb ty/ t K tZ X dk j? .
12H gO F B L eh nz f wq s Xkoh bJh e/ t b nz f wq s Xkoh gfotko d/ jZ E ' I SeDk jh :' r j? <
T[ ^ so L n? ; h e' J h Fos ofjs wfo:kdk ftu BjhI bkJh rJh. fJj }o{ o h j? fe G' i B
;ckJh, gftZ s osk s/ ;[ n Z S sk d/ fB:wK ~ w[ Z y oZ y e/ fsnko ehsk ikJ/ .
nz f wq s Xkoh j' D dh gq / o Dk d/ D h uz r h rZ b j? .
13H gO F B L bVe/ d/ iBw ;w/ I xoK d/ pkjo FohIj pz f BQ n k iKdk j? , T[ ; dh eh wjkBsk j? <
T[ ^ so L fJj o;w nBwshnK d/ o;w' fotki d/ x/ o / ftZ u nkT[ I dh j? . f;Z y h d/ gZ y s' I
fJ;dh e' J h wjkBsk BjhI j? . r[ o f;Z y K ~ n? ; hnK o;wK dk fsnkr eoBk ukjhdk
j? .
14H gO F B L eJh b' e pZ u / d/ iBw T[ g oz s gfjbk u' b k nkgD/ ;z s K wjz s K s' I jh g[ n kT[ I d/ jB.
fJ; pko/ r[ o wfs dk gZ y eh j? <
T[ ^ so L pZ u / d/ iBw T[ g oz s T[ ; dk ;oho YZ e D bJh, i' eZ g V/ gkJ/ iKd/ jB, T[ j jh
gfjbk u' b k j[ z d k j? . fJ; s' I fpBQ K u' b / nkfd dh e' J h j' o T[ u / u h o;w f;Z y h ftZ u
BjhI j? .
15H gO F B L fe;/ fwose gq k Dh d/ ;;eko T[ g oz s b' e xo nk e/ e/ ; K
;w/ s fJFBkB eod/ jB s/ eJh sK p;so th T[ s ko e/ X' I d/ jB. eh n? ; k eoBk
r[ o f;Z y K bJh :' r j? <
 T[ ^ so L nfrnkBh b' e fwq s e gq k Dh d/ ;;eko T[ g oz s fJ; bJh fJFBkB eod/ , p;so X' I d/
iK w{ z j #s/ gkDh dk fSZ N k wkod/ jB, feT[ I fe T[ j ;{ s e gkse d/ tfjw dh fGZ N ~
wz B d/ jB. fe;/ gq k Dh d/ iz w D s/ ;{ s e, s/ woB s/ gkse dh fGN tfjwh b' e wz B d/
jB. r[ o { ;kfjp B/ ;{ s e gkse d/ tfjw ~ f;Z y K ftu' I eZ Y D bJh nk;k dh tko
ftu T[ u / u / ;b' e doi ehs/ jB.
@;G' ;{ s e Gow j? d{ i ? br? ikfJ.#
nfrnkBh b' e d{ ; fonK dh t/ y k t/ y h ni/ th fJ; tfjw Gow ftu c;/ j' J / jB.
r[ o f;Z y K ~ n? ; h fGZ N fpbe[ b BjhI wz B Dh ukjhdh s/ Bk jh fJ; Gow d/ nXhB
fJFBkB eoB iK p;so jh X' D / ukjhd/ jB.
16H gO F B L eh ;q h r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp dk gq e kF fdB ftu fJe s' I tZ X tkoh th ehsk ik ;edk j? <
T[ ^ so L gq ' r okw iK gkm nkfd dh b' V nB[ ; ko n? ; k ehs/ ikD ftu e' J h ntZ f rnk BjhI.
17H gO F B L i/ e/ ; eZ N D/ gq w kswk d/ n;{ b d/ fybkc jB sK @Bj[ z # eZ N D/ feT[ I fybkc BjhI<
T[ ^ so L id' I n;hI @Bj[ z # dh ;ckJh eod/ jK Bj[ z dk w[ o dk Gkr jh eZ f Nnk iKdk j? . i/ edh
fiz d k Bj[ z eZ f Nnk ikt/ sK pj[ s sebhc j[ z d h j? . fJ;/ soQ K e/ ; K dh ;ckJh ;w/ I
id' I n;hI ez x k eod/ jK sK @w[ o dk# e/ ; K d/ pkjo nkT[ D Bkb e' J h sebhc wfj;{ ;
BjhI j[ z d h. i/ fiz d k e/ ; K ~ g[ Z f Nnk ikt/ sK pj[ s sebhc j' t / r h. e/ ; r[ o { dh
w' j o jB s/ f;Z y dh gfjukD jB. e/ ; f;Z y iE/ p z d h dk fFz r ko jB. fJ; bJh
B" i [ n kBK ~ e/ ; K dh wjZ s sk ~ ;wMDk ukjhdk j? s/ nBwshnK dhnK Y[ Z u oK dk :' r
T[ ^ so d/ D k ukjhdk j? .
18H gO F B L fJe fgz v d/ r[ o d[ n ko/ dk rz q E h gz f vs j? , i' T[ d k;h ;kX{ n K ftu' I j? . r[ o d[ n ko/
fBFkB ;kfjp uVQ k T[ D dk gq ' r okw pfDnk sK gz f vs B/ i[ n kp fdZ s k fe v/ o / fty/
fBFkB ;kfjp BjhI uVQ ;edk. eh eoBk ukjhdk j? <
T[ ^ so L r[ o { ;kfjpkB B/ f;Z y ;z r sK dh ekfJwh d/ Bkb Bkb r[ o d[ n ko/ ekfJw ehs/ jB.
r[ o d[ n ko/ dh gSkD jh fBFkB ;kfjp s' I j[ z d h j? , i' fJ; rZ b dk gq s he j? fe fJE/
nkT[ D tkb/ ~ ;ohoe s/ nksfwe G' i B fwb/ r k s/ nkokw eoB bJh EK fwb/ r h.
fBFkB ;kfjp s' I fpBK r[ o d[ n kok j' jh BjhI ;edk. fJ; bJh fgz v dh gz u kfJs ~
fJeZ m / j' e/ f;Z y ;z r sK dh nrtkJh ftu r[ o d[ n ko/ fty/ fBFkB ;kfjp M[ b kT[ D k
ukjhdk j? . ;z r sK ~ rq z E h dh ;/ t k gz f vs dh EK fe;/ fsnko po fsnko nz f wsXkoh
r[ o f;Z y ~ ;" I gDh ukjhdh j? . i/ e o ;EkB gz f vs dh nkgDh wbehns j' t / sK fgz v
tk;hnK ~ BtK r[ o d[ n kok ekfJw eoBk ukjhdk j? s/ @gz f vs# d/ n;EkB dk w[ e z w b
pkJhekN eoBk ukjhdk j? . r[ o d[ n ko/ f;Z y h d/ gq u ko s/ gq ; ko bJh ekfJw ehs/ rJ/
jB, wBws d/ gq u koeK bJh r[ o d[ n ko/ ftu e' J h EK BjhI j' D h ukjhdh.
19H gO F B L eh fwose ;z ; eko ;w/ I fwq s e gkDh d/ nz r hm/ ftu eVkj gq F kfd dk SKdk gkT[ D k
mhe j? <
T[ ^ so L BjhI, n? ; k eoBk fBo' b wBws j? .
20H gO F B L eh fJe irQ k r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp dk ;fji gkm eoe/ , d{ ; oh irQ k phV s/ gkm dk G' r
gkfJnk ik ;edk j? <
 T[ ^ so L n? ; k eoB ftu e' J h joi BjhI. wjkBsk ftuko ;fjs gkm eoB dh j? . @phV# dh
ndbk pdbh Bkb gkm dh wjkBsk ftu e' J h coe BjhI g? I dk.
21H gO F B L eh r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp dh j}{ o h ftu fe;/ ftnesh ~ jko gkJ/ ik ;ed/ jB<
T[ ^ so L BjhI, r[ o { ;kfjp dh j}{ o h ftu n? ; k eoBk wBws j? .
22H gO F B L eh ftnkj FkdhnK ;w/ I dj/ i d/ D k, pkoks dh whN-Fokp Bkb ;/ t k eoBh ikfJ}
j? <
T[ ^ so L r[ o f;Z y gfotko ~ nBz d ekoi ;kdrh Bkb s/ r[ o wfs nB[ ; ko eoB/ ukjhd/ jB,
fi; Bkb d{ ; ohnK e" w K #s/ th uz r k gq G kt gt/ . ftnkj FkdhnK ;w/ I dki dk
ftyktk s/ whN Fokp dh tos' I r[ o f;Z y gfotkoK ~ F' G k BjhI fdz d h.
23H gO F B L eJh xoK ftu fSZ e g? D #s/ ez w s/ ikDk, s/ oks ~ e/ ; K ~ ez x k eoBk uz r k BjhI
;wfMnk iKdk. eh fJj rZ b K mhe jB<
T[ ^ so L fJj tfjw s/ Gow jB, fiBQ K B/ ;wki ~ rq f ;nk j' f Jnk j? . d/ y k d/ y h f;Z y
gfotko th fJjBK tfjwK GowK dk fFeko j' iKd/ jB. @fSZ e # nkT[ D h fJe
e[ d osh fefonk j? , fJ; dk fe;/ ez w #s/ ikD, Bk ikD Bkb e' J h ;pz X BjhI. f;Z y
~ fJj tfjw fpbe[ b BjhI eoBk ukjhdk. ez w #s/ ikD bZ f rnK ekoi dh ;cbsk
bJh @nodk;# eoBk jh f;Z y h dk ftXkB j? . oks ~ e/ ; K ~ ez x K eoBk tfjw BjhI
;r' I io{ o h j? . r[ o { r' f pz d f;z x bJh ;t/ o / s/ Fkw ez x k eoB dk j[ e w
ofjsBkfwnK ftZ u fdZ s k j' f Jnk j? . r[ o { ;kfjp d/ j}{ o h f;Z y GkJh Bz d bkb ih
fbyd/ jB L
ez x k d' B ' tes eo gkr u[ B / eo pKXJh.
24H gO F B L eh wz r btko e/ ; X' D k s/ thotko eZ g V/ X' D / rbs rZ b j? <
T[ ^ so L fJj fBo' b tfjw j? s/ wBws j? . ;G fdB nkekb g[ o y d/ pDkJ/ j' J / jB s/ ;G
uz r / jB. e[ Z M fdBK ~ wkVk s/ e[ Z M ~ uz r k ;wMDk f;Z y h n;{ b K d/ fto[ Z X j? .
25H gO F B L b' j Vh dk f;Z y Xow Bkb eh ;pz X j? <
T[ ^ so L b' j Vh dk f;Z y Xow Bkb d{ o dk th ;pz X BjhI. r[ o wfs gq u ko dh xkN ekoB nZ i
pj[ s / f;Z y gfotko th d{ f inK dh d/ y k d/ y h, fJ; fsT[ j ko s/ pj[ s ohM/ j' J / B}o
nkT[ I d/ jB. e' J h nkgD/ eke/ dh gfjbh b' j Vh wBk fojk j? . fe;/ d/ bVe/ d/
ftnkj dh gfjbh b' j Vh j? . i/ b' j Vh wBkT[ D tkfbnK ~ fJ; fsT[ j ko dk fgS' e V
g[ Z f Snk ikJ/ sK nZ r ' I T[ j e' J h itkp BjhI d/ ;ed/ . fJj sK @ubs/ gkS/ ir ub/ #
tkbh rZ b j' ojh j? . n;b ftZ u b' j Vh fjz d { n K dk fsT[ j ko j? , fiBQ K d/ Fk;soK
ftu :Z r K d[ n kok nrBh d/ t s/ dh g{ i k eoBh dZ ; h rJh j? . r[ o { xo ftu Bk nrBh
dh g{ i k dk e' J h ftXkB j? ns/ Bk jh f;Z y Xow dk :Z r K Bkb e' J h ;z p z X j? .
r[ o f;Z y e/ t b fJe nekb g[ o y dk g[ i koh j? . fJ; bJh r[ o f;Z y K ~ pZ u / d/ iBw
ns/ ftnkj nkfd, y[ F h d/ w" f enK ~ nBwsK d/ fsT[ j ko Bkb ;KMk BjhIeoBk
ukjhdk. ;r' I nekb g[ o y dh N/ e b? e/ r[ o { roz E ;kfjp dk gkm oytk e/ eEk
ehosB dk nBz d wkDd/ j' J / r[ o f;Z y K ~ xo p[ b k e/ , gq h sh G' i B (r[ o { ek bz r o)
Sek e/ r[ o { dhnK y[ F hnK gq k gs eoBhnK ukjhdhnK jB. fJ; soQ K eoB Bkb jh
 f;Z y e" w dk nZ v ok ;Z f Gnkuko ;[ o Z f yns ofj ;edk j? . fi; pko/ ebrhXo ih dk
c[ o wkB j? L
ip br ykb;k oj/ fBnkok|
sp br s/ i dhT[ w? ;kok|
ip fJj rj? fpgoB eh ohs|
w? B eoT[ fJB eh goshs|
26H gO F B L eh nBwshJ/ d/ pZ u / dk Bkw f;Z y wfo:kdk nB[ ; ko r[ o { roz E ;kfjp dk j[ e w b?
e/ gfjb/ nZ y o s' I oZ f ynk ik ;edk j? <
T[ ^ so L f;Z y ofjs wfo:kdk f;Z y K T[ s / bkr{ j[ z d h j? , nBwshnK T[ s / BjhI. f;Z y ofjs
wfo:kdk ftub/ iBw ns/ Bkw ;z ; eko d/ f;ob/ y j/ m i' n;{ b doi jB, T[ j BK
nB[ ; ko pZ u / d/ Bkw Bkb f;z x ns/ pZ u h d/ Bkw Bkb e" o bkT[ D k io{ o h j? . f;z x
ns/ e" o Fpd f;Z y K d/ pZ f unK bJh jh brkJ/ ik ;ed/ jB, i' fe e/ ; kXkoh j[ z d /
jB. jK, i/ e o e' J h nkgD/ pZ u / ~ f;Z y ;ikT[ D dk gq D eo/ , T[ ; dk Bkw f;Z y
ofjs wfo:kdk nB[ ; ko oZ f ynk ik ;edk j? , d{ ; fonK dk BjhI.
27H gO F B L eh r[ o { roz E ;kfjp s' I j[ e wBkwk ;[ D e/ xo ik e/ wB wo}h Bkb pZ u / dk Bkw
oZ y Dk f;Z y wfo:kdk nB[ ; ko :' r j? <
T[ ^ so L BjhI ih. f;Zy ofjs wfo:kdk ftu iBw s/ Bkw ;z;eko j/m pZ u / d/ Bkw dh ;z r s s' I
gq t kBrh b? D h ns/ T[ g oz s nodk;k eoBk }o{ o h j? . j/ m K f;Z y ofjs wfo:kdk ftu' I
iBw s/ Bkw ;z ; eko dk g{ o k t/ o tk fdZ s k ik fojk j? , sK i' roz E h f;z x K ns/ f;Z y
;z r sK ~ pZ f unK d/ Bkw oZ y D dh f;Z y wfo:kdk dk ;jh gsk bZ r ;e/ . fJj ofjs
wfo:kdk nekb sys dh gz E gq t kfDs wfo:kdk j? . fi; ~ Fq ' w Dh r[ o d[ n kok
gq p z X e ew/ N h B/ gq e kFs ehsk j? , i' f;Z y fwFBoh ekbi gk;' I th gq k gs ehsh ik
;edh j? .
iBw s/ Bkw ;z ; eko
(T) f;Z y d/ xo pkbe dk iBw j' D wro' I id wksk T[ m D p? m D s/ fJFBkB eoB d/
:' r j' t / sK (fdBK dh e' J h frDsh w[ e Z o o BjhI) NZ p o s/ ;pz X h r[ o d[ n ko/
eVkj gq F kfd b? e/ ikD iK eokT[ D ns/ r[ o { ih d/ j}{ o @gow/ ; fo fdsk pz B k
(;' o m wL Ã) @;fsr[ o ;ku? dhnk G/ f i# (nk;k wL Ã) nkfd y[ F h s/ Xz B tkd
tkb/ Fpd gVQ B . T[ g oz s i/ e o ;q h r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp ih dk gkm oZ f ynk j' t / sK
gkm dk G' r gkfJnk ikt/ . fco tke fbnk ikt/ . tke d/ noz G d/ Fpd dk i'
gfjbk nZ y o j' t / , T[ ; s' I roz E h f;z x pZ u / dk BK sith} eo/ ns/ ;zrs dh
gqtkBrh b? e/ Bkw gqrN eo/. bVe/ d/ BkT[ A fgZ S / @f;z x # Fpd ns/ bVeh d/ Bkw
fgZ S / @e" o # Fpd brkfJnk ikt/ . T[ g oz s nBz d ;kfjp (S/ gT[ V hnK) wro' I pZ u /
d/ Bkw - ;z ; eko dh y[ F h dk :' r FpdK ftu nodk; eoe/ eVkj gq F kfd
toskfJnk ikt/ .
(n) iBw d/ ;pz X ftu ykD ghD ftu e' J h ;{ s e dk Gow BjhI eoBk feT[ I fe
-
 iz w D[ woDk j[ e w[ j? GkD? nkt? ikfJ|
ykDk ghDk gftsO j? fds'B[ foie[ ;zpkfj| (nz e ÂÅÀ)
(J) ;q h r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp ih d/ o[ w kb s' I u' b k pDk e/ gkT[ D k nkfd wBws j? .
28H gO F B L eh bkV/ ~ ftnkj t/ b / f;jok pz B Dk f;Z y ofjs wfo:kdk nB[ ; ko mhe j? <
T[ ^ so L BjhI ih. f;Zy ofjs wfo:kdk ftu @nBzd ;z;eko# d/ f;ob/y j/ m fJj Fpd doi jB -
(;) f;jok, w[ e N iK rkBk pz B Dk, fgso, g{ i D/ , eZ u h bZ ; h ftu g? o gkT[ D k, p/ o h
iK iz v h tZ Y Dh, xV' b h GoBh, o[ ; e/ ikDk, Sz d gVQ B / , jtB eoBk, t/ d h rZ v Dh,
t/ ; tk dk Bku, Fokp nkfd wBws j? .
29H gO F B L ;kv/ fgz v ftZ u pZ u / d/ iBw dh y[ F h ftZ u oZ y / nyz v gkm d/ G' r ;w/ I roz E h f;z x
tZ b ' I pZ u / d/ wZ E / #s/ fjz d { n K tKr{ z fsbe bkT[ D dh o;w ndk ehsh rJh. eh
r[ o wfs nB[ ; ko fJ; soQ K eoBk mhe j? <
T[ ^ so L fsbe brkT[ D dh f;Z y Xow ftu ;ys wBkjh j? . fjz d { b' e wZ E / iK ;oho d/ j' o
nz r K T[ s / }ks-gks d/ fBFkB brkT[ I d/ jB, fi; ~ fsbe fejk iKdk j? . fJj
e/ ; o, ;[ n kj, uz d B nkfd dk j[ z d k j? . t? F BtK d/ pkoQ K fsbe wz B / rJ/ jB go f;Z y
Xow dk f;XKs dZ ; d/ j' J / GkJh r[ o dk; ih d;d/ jB L
pkoj fsbe fwNkfJe?
r[ o w[ y fsbe Bh;kD uVkfJnk.
r[ o { ih d/ wkor #s/ uZ b Dk s/ pZ u / ~ r[ o { dh f;Z f ynk dk nkfrnkekoh pBkT[ D k
jh n;b fsbe j? . ;' f;Z y ;Z f Gnkuko ~ fBnkok oZ y D dk :sB eoBk ukjhdk j? .
j' o Bk dh d/ y k-d/ y h nfij/ fsbe nkfd bkT[ D / f;Z y Xow ftZ u wBQ K jB.
30H gO F B L eh r[ o d[ n ko/ ftZ u ;[ Z y / dk @BFk# x' N Dk s/ tosDk ikfJ} j? <
T[ ^ so L id' I f;Z y bJh fe;/ fe;w dk BFk tosDk jh tofis j? sK fco x' N Dk s/ tosDk
T[ j th r[ o d[ n ko/ ftZ u fe;/ gq e ko th ikfJ} BjhI. i' b' e r[ o { r' f pz d f;z x ih
Bkb ;pz X i' V e/ @;[ Z y k# tosD dhnK ejkDhnK ;[ D kT[ I d/ jB, T[ j ;G wBxVs
jB. d;w/ F fgsk edh th ykb;/ ~ BfFnK d/ nkdh BjhI ;B pDk ;ed/ . fJ; rZ b
dh g[ F Nh ykb;k gz E d/ ofjsBkw/ Gbh gq e ko eo fdz d / jB.
31H gO F B L ;kv/ fJbke/ eFwho ftu fJj ohs gq u Z f bs j? fe fwose d/ xo gfjb/ ;s fdB
;z f Xnk t/ b / s' I b? e/ v/ Y d' xz N / sZ e iBw ;kyh u' I ;kyhnK ;[ D kJhnK iKdhnK jB
s/ T[ g oz s @nbkjDhnK# dk gkm ehsk iKdk j? . eh fJj wfo:kdk gz E gq t kfDs j? <
T[ ^ so L gz E gotkfDs f;Z y ofjs wfo:kdk i' ;q h nekb sys tZ b ' I gq t kfDs j? , ftZ u
@iBw;kyh# d/ gVQ B pko/ feXo/ f}eo BjhI j? . ;jh wfo:kdk fJj fe fwose dk
;;eko eoB T[ g oz s xo nk e/ iK B/V/ d/ r[od[nko/ ftZu @;fji gkm# oZfynk ikt/. oks ~
r[ o pkDh dk ehosB j' t / T[ g oz s ;' f jb/ dk gkm eoe/ nodk; ehsh ikt/ . ;fji
gkm dk G' r d;t/ I fdB iK nkgDh ;" y ~ w[ Z y oZ y fdnK fdB xZ N tZ X eoe/ gkfJnk
ikt/ . jo f;Z y ~ gz E e ofjs wfo:kdk nB[ ; ko jh ;ko/ ;z ; eko eoB/ eokT[ D /
ukjhd/ jB. i/ n;hI r[ o f;Z y K B/ jh f;Z y ofjs wfo:kdk ~ BjhI wz B Dk sK j' o
wBwsK d/ pz f dnK s/ n;hI f;Z y h dk gq G kt fet/ I gk ;ed/ jK, nkg jh BthnK gz E e
 ofjs wfo:kdktK s' o BhnK gz E e J/ e sk ~ y/ o { z y/ o { z eoB tkbh Bkgke joes j? , i'
edh th podkFs BjhI ehsh ik ;edh.
32H gO F B L nodk; ;w/ I eJh b' e nodk;hJ/ f;z x d/ nZ r ' I dh bz x iKd/ jB, fJ;/ soQ K ftnkj
wj{ o s iK Bkw oZ y D nkfd ;wkrwK ;w/ I nodk; eod/ j' J / f;z x ~ o' e e/ Bkw
dZ ; D bZ r iKd/ jB. eh n? ; k eoBk mhe j? <
T[ ^ so L nodk; ;w/ I nodk;hJ/ f;z x ns/ ;z r sK ~ nkgDk fXnkB r[ o { tZ b fJekro eo e/
oZ y Dk ukjhdk j? . fJ; bJh jo fJe dk fJj co} j? fe nodk; ;w/ I T[ j fiZ E / th
j' t / , ;ktXkB j' e/ jZ E i' V e/ yVQ k j' ikt/ . nodk;hJ/ f;z x ~ nodk; eod/ ;w/ I
N' e Dk iK e' J h rZ b efjDh fpbe[ b F' G k BjhI fdz d k. i/ e[ Z M efjDk j' t / sK nodk;
eoB s' I gfjbK jh efj d/ D k ukjhdk j? iK fby e/ d/ D k ukjhdk j? . eJh ;Z i D
nodk;hJ/ f;z x dh w[ Z m h ftZ u nodk; d/ d" o kB G/ N ti' I o[ g JhJ/ cVk fdz d / jB. n? ; k
eoBk th r[ o wfs d/ T[ b N j? . f;Z y Xow ftu nodk; G/ N Bkw dh e' J h wfo:kdk
BjhI j? .
33H gO F B L eh r[ o f;Z y K ~ wVhnK-w;kD g{ i D, Btokso/ s/ tos nkfd oZ y D dh y[ b Q j? <
T[ ^ so L BjhI ih! n? ; k eoB tkbk r[ o { dk f;Z y BjhI nytk ;edk. fJj ;G e[ M r[ o pkDh
dh f;Z f ynk d/ T[ b N j? . r[ o { ;kfjp dk c[ o wkD j? -
- d[ f pXk B gVT[ jfo fpB[ j' o [ Bk g{ i T[
wV? w;kfD B ikJh| (nz e ÄÁÂ)
- S' v fj nz B [ eofj gkyz v |
Bk ;' j krfB B T[ f j oz v | (nz e ÆÅÁ)
34H gO F B L eh fJe irQ k d' nyz v gkm j' ;ed/ jB< Gkt fJe gZ s ok fJe gkmh s/ d{ i k gZ s ok
d{ i k gkmh phV #s/ gVQ ;edk j? <
T[ ^ so L f;Z y ofjs wfo:kdk nB[ ; ko fJe n;EkB s/ fJe' ;w/ I e/ t b fJe jh nyz v gkm
j' ;edk j? , d{ ; ok BjhI. feT[ I fe i/ e o fJe irQ k s/ fJe' ;w/ I fJe s' I tZ X nyz v
gkm j' D r/ sK ;G gkmhnK dh nktk} nkg; ftZ u obrZ v j' ikt/ r h, fi; Bkb
;o' f snK ~ e' J h ;wM BjhI nkt/ r h. i/ e o gkmh u[ Z g ukg gkm eoBr/ sK n? ; / gkm
dk ;o' f snK ~ e' J h bkG BjhI j' t / r k. pkeh fit/ I nkg ih B/ fbfynk j? fe fJe
gZ s ok fJe gkmh s/ d{ i k gZ s ok d{ i k gkmh d{ i h phV s' I gVQ / , fJj pVh BikfJ}
joew j? .
35H gO F B L eJh tkoh id' I nyz v gkm noz G ehsk iKdk j? sK eJh wkJhnK phphnK @ghVQ / # d/
gkftnK Bkb ;Z s -tz B h dk Xkrk pz B Q fdz d hnK jB s/ efjz d hnK jB fe i/ e o fe;/ ~
e' J h fpwkoh bZ r h j' t / sK fJj Xkrk pz B Q D Bkb mhe j' iKdh j? . eh fJj thuko
mhe j? <
T[ ^ so L fJj rZ b e/ t b Gow o{ g j? s/ nkfrnkBsk dh gq s he j? . @nyz v gkm# eokT[ D dk
we;d r[ o pkDh dk bkjk b? D k j? , fJj' fij/ GowK ftZ u g? D k BjhI. fJj Gow o{ g
eow ;G pq k jwDh ws dh d/ D jB, fiBQ K dk r[ o wfs Bkb d{ o dk th ;pz X BjhI.
36H gO F B L eh nBz d ekoi d/ w" e / s/ bVe/ bVeh ~ tZ y ok rd/ b k ftSk e/ T[ ; T[ g o fpmkT[ D k
r[ o wfs nB[ ; ko mhe j? <
T[ ^ so L f;Z y h f;XksK nB[ ; ko ;q h r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp dh j}{ o h ftu fe;/ th gq k Dh dk rd/ b k
ftSk e/ p? m Dk wBwfs j? . ;z r s ftu pokpoh dk n;{ b f;Z y Xow B/ Bhns ehsk
j? . bVek ns/ bVeh B/ nBz d ekoi ;w/ I ;q h r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp ih nZ r / fBz w q s k ;fjs
nodk; eoe/ frq j ;s wkor dh ;cbsk bJh ikuBk eoBh j? , go i/ ;[ G kr i" V h
;z r s ftu pokpoh d/ n;{ b ~ fSZ e / #s/ Nz r / s / r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp d/ ;fseko ~ m/ ;
gj[ z u kT[ D bJh rd/ b / s/ p? m D tkbh e' M h eko eo/ sK fco ;[ G kr i' V h T[ s / r[ o { ih
dh ns/ r[ o { ih dh ;z r s dh gq ; z B sk fet/ I j' ;edh j? < rd/ b / s/ p? m Dk jz e koh
fposh dk gq r Nktk j? , fBz w osk dk BjhI.
37H gO F B L eh dkjVk oz r Dk f;Z y Xow ftZ u gq t kD j? <
T[ ^ so L BjhI ih. f;Z y ofjs wfo:kdk nB[ ; ko dkjVk oz r D tkbk r[ o f;Z y @sBykjhnk# j? .
nfij/ sBykjhJ/ ~ gz i K fgnkfonK d/ ;Bw[ Z y g/ F j' e/ sBykj (dz v ) b[ n kT[ D h
g? I dh j? . sBykj b[ n kT[ D s/ G[ r skT[ D d/ pknd jh n? ; k f;Z y , ykb;k iE/ p z d h ftZ u
obkfJnk ik ;edk j? .
@dkjVk oz r D# d/ fgZ S / i' GktBk ez w eodh j? , T[ j fJj j? fe w? I i[ n kB B}o
nktK. go r[ o pkDh dZ ; dh j? fe e' J h pz d k fez B k th }' o bk bt/ , p[ Y kg/ B/ fJe
fdB nk jh ikDk j? s/ p[ Y kg/ d/ nZ r / i' p B B/ jko ikDk j? . ;' n;bhns T[ ^ s/
gVQ d k gkT[ D dk eh bkG< pDktN ftZ u ' I fiz d rh BjhI bZ G h ik ;edh. nfijh fiz d rh
e/ t b X' y k j? , j' o e[ Z M BjhI.
38H gO F B L r[ o pkDh dh ftnkfynk eod/ ;w/ I eJh frnkBh, Fpd dh T[ E kBek ti' I e' J h ;kyh
iK ejkDh ;[ D kT[ I d/ jB. eh n? ; k eoBk mhe j? <
T[ ^ so L i/ T[ E kBek Fpd iK fe;/ xNBk d/ Bkb ;pz X oZ y dh j? ns/ r[ o wfs n;{ b K s/
:[ e fs d/ fto[ Z X BjhI, T[ ; d/ ;[ D kT[ D s/ wz B D ftZ u e' J h jo} tkbh rZ b BjhI,
fit/ I irBBkE ik e/ r[ o { ;kfjp B/ @rrB w? Ekb# tkbk Fpd T[ u kfonk, r:k
shoE s/ @fgz v gsfb w/ o h e/ ; T[ # Fpd d[ n kok gKfvnK ~ T[ g d/ F fdZ s k. go pj[ s /
FpdK dh T[ E kfBek w{ b ' I jh n;z r s j? , fit/ I @;[ y h p;? w;ehBhnk nkg[ fBtkfo
sb? # dh T[ E kfBek xVh j? fe w;ehBhnk Bkw dk gfjbtkB T[ g eko tk;s/ wZ b
nykV/ ftu Yfj fgnk. fJ;/ soQ K @ehVk Ekfg d/ f J gks;kjh# dh T[ E kfBek xVh j?
fe r[ o { BkBe d/ t ih ehN Bro rJ/ , T[ E / ehfVnK dk oki ;h, fJe oki/ dh ;koh
c" i ehfVnK B/ gskb' I }fjo fbnk e/ wko w[ e kJh nkfd. fJj' fijhnK T[ E kBeK
fsnkrD :' r jB. GkJh ekBQ f;z x ih BkGk @r[ o wfs wkosz v # ftu fbyd/ jB fe
;z g q d kJh frnkBhnK B/ wB' ebfgs T[ E kfBek roz E fbye/ , T[ ; d/ eosk r[ o { noiB
d/ t ih ns/ d;w/ F ih ~ wz f Bnk j? , no GkJh r[ o dk; ns/ GkJh wBh f;z x ih
jZ E hI T[ E kfBeK dk fby/ ikDk ebfgnk j? go fJj rZ b w{ b ' I jh rbs j? .
 ;ko/ FpdK dh T[ E kfBek fsnkrD :' r BjhI, eJh T[ E kfBeK nfijhnK jB fe fiBQ K
d/ ikD fpBK Fpd dk Gkt uz r h soQ K BjhI ;wfMnk iKdk. ;' ftukotkBK ~ ftt/ e
p[ f X Bkb :' r ns/ n:' r T[ E kfBek dk fBoDk eo b? D k ukjhdk j? .
39H gO F B L ;k~ HHHHHHtkb/ nz f wq s SekT[ D t/ b / ny" s h T[ u ikshnK ns/ ny" s h F{ d oK ~ nZ v
nZ v gz r sK ftZ u tZ y o/ tZ y o/ pkN/ ftu' I nz f wq s gkB eotkT[ I d/ jB. T[ j fJj th
efjz d / jB fe e' J h th ny" s h BhthI iks tkbk nz f wq s Xkoh f;z x d/ r BjhI tosk
;edk. eh fJ; soQ K dh ;' u Dh r[ o wfs nB[ ; ko mhe j? <
T[ ^ so L ;k~HHHHHH dh wfo:kdk pko/ sK gsk BjhI fe T[ j fet/ I nz f wq s SekT[ I d/ jB. go
fJe rZ b ;gZ F N j? fe e' J h th iEk, i' gz E e ofjs wfo:kdk d/ T[ b N e' J h
ekotkJh eodk j? sK T[ j rZ b r[ o wfs BjhI j' ;edh. nz f wq s SekT[ D dk wB' o E
}ks gks d/ G/ d -Gkt ~ iV' I ysw eoBk j? . nz f wq s SeD T[ g oz s fe;/ dh e' J h
}ks gks BjhI ofj iKdh, ;G ykb;k ;Z i iKd/ jB. fJ; bJh }ks-gks dhnK
tz v hnK gk e/ nz f wq s SekT[ D k fe;/ bJh th :' r BjhI j? . nz f wq s dk pkNk e/ t b
fJe jh j' ;edk j? , d' iK fsz B BjhI. ;k~ fJj th ;[ D B ftZ u nkfJnk j? fe eJh
EktK #s/ fJ;sohnK ~ tZ y o/ pkN/ ftu' I feogkB dk nz f wq s SekfJnk iKdk j? , i'
fe r[ o wfs fto' X h eow j? . nz f wq s e/ t b T[ j h j? , i' f;Z y ofjs wfo:kdk nB[ ; ko
fsnko po fsnko gz i fgnko/ r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp dh j}{ o h ftu fsnko eoB.
40H gO F B L f;Z y fe; ~ efjz d / jB<
T[ ^ so L @f;Z y ofjs wfo:kdk# nB[ ; ko i' fJ;soh iK g[ o F fJe nekb g[ o y, d; r[ o {
;kfjpkB (;q h r[ o { BkBe d/ t ih s' I b? e/ ;q h r[ o { r' f pz d f;z x ;kfjp sZ e ), ;q h r[ o {
rz q E ;kfjp ns/ d; r[ o { ;kfjpkB dh pkDh s/ f;Z f ynk ns/ d;w/ F ih d/ nz f wq s
T[ s / fB;uk oZ y dk ns/ fe;/ j' o Xow ~ BjhI wz B dk, T[ j f;Z y j? .
41H gO F B L f;Z y Xow ftu fBr[ o k fe; ~ efjz d / jB<
T[ ^ so L f;Z y Xow nB[ ; ko i' fJ;soh iK g[ o F gz i fgnkfonK gk;' I yz v / pkN/ dk nz f wq s
gkB eoe/ ;q h r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp dh f;Z f ynk nB[ ; ko ihtB YkbD dk gq D eodk j? ,
T[ j r[ o { tkbk j? . fi; B/ fJj gq D BjhI ehsk, T[ j fBr[ o k j? . r[ o pkDh dk c[ o wkB
j? L fBr[ o / ek j? BkT[ p[ o k.
42H gO F B L sBykjhnk fe; ~ fejk iKdk j? < eh sBykjhnk ;q h nekb s]s ;kfjp eko ;/ t k
eo iK eotk ;edk j? <
T[ ^ so L ykb;k Xow d/ fB:wK s/ f;Z y gz E dh fto' X sk eoB tkbk sBykjhnk Gkt @dz v dk
Gkrh# ;wfMnk iKdk j? . T[ j f;Z y th sBykjhnk j? , i' ofjs ftZ u G[ Z b eodk j? .
i' f;Z y , r[ o { gz E d/ d' y hnK Bkb fwbtosB eoe/ ykb;k iE/ p z d h ~ ;Z N wkodk j? ,
T[ j th sBykjhnk j? , fit/ I fe r[ o { ;kfjpkB d/ ;w/ I s' I b? e/ nZ i sZ e whfDnK,
w;z d K, XhowbhnK, nkfde gz E fto' X hnK Bkb tosD tkbk sBykjhnk ;wfMnk
iKdk j? .
sBykjhnk r[ o { ;z r s ftu gz i K fgnkfonK d/ ;Bw[ y g/ F j' e/ nkgD/ ehs/
e;{ o dh wkch wz r dk s/ gFukskg eodk j? . gz i fgnko/ ;z r s ftu T[ ; ~ dz v
 bkT[ I d/ jB, fi; ~ @sBykj bkT[ D k# fejk iKdk j? . sBykj nkw s" o #s/ fe;/
fe;w dh ;/ t k yk; eoe/ i' jZ E K Bkb ehsh ik ;e/ , fit/ I i' f VnK dh ;/ t k eoBh,
bz r o d/ i{ m / posB wKiDk, MkV{ d/ D k nkfd dh bkJh iKdh j? . i' sBykjhnk f;Z y
nkgDh rbsh Bk wz B / , G[ Z b Bk pyFkt/ sK T[ j gz E ftu' I ykoi eo fdZ s k iKdk j? .
nfij/ f;Z y ~ @gfss# efjz d / jB.
T[ g o fdZ s h thuko s' I ;gZ F N j? fe eko ;/ t k eoB dk nfXeko sBykjhJ/ f;Z y ~
jofr} BjhI fdZ s k ik ;edk, fiBQ K fuo T[ j G[ b pyFk e/ dz v b[ n k e/ , dz v dh
g{ o sh BjhI eo b? I dk. @eko ;/ t k# fJe pj[ s tZ v h f}z w / t koh s/ ;BwkB tkbh ;/ t k
j? . # f;Z y ofjs wfo:kdk nB[ ; ko sysK d/ yk; n;EkBK T[ s / e/ t b ofjstkB
nz f wq s Xkoh (f;z x iK f;z x Dh) jh uVQ ;ed/ jB. sysK T[ s / gfss s/ sBykjhJ/
f;Z y s' I fpBK jo fJe gq k Dh wkso f;Z y r? o -f;Z y dh nodk; j' ;edh j? . fJ; s' I
Gbh_GKs ;wfMnk ik ;edk j? fe fi; sys s/ sBykjhJ/ s/ gfss dh noek;
sZ e BjhI j' ;edh, T[ ; sys dh eko ;/ t k fJe sBykjhnK s/ f;Z y h s' I ykoi ehsk
pz d k fet/ I eotk ;edk j? .
43H gO F B L r[ o wsk eh j? <
T[ ^ so L r[ o wsk dk nkyoh noE j? , @r[ o { dk j[ e w, c? ; bk (nkd/ F ) nkoz G ftZ u r[ o { r' f pz d
f;z x ih d/ ;w/ I sZ e r[ o ws/ dk noE fJ; gq e ko fbnk iKdk ;h, T[ j c[ o wkB fi;
ftZ u @r[ o { ;kfjp dk j[ e w# (nkd/ F ) j' t / .
nkoz G s' I jh ;ko/ r[ o { ;kfjp fJ; rZ b #s/ }' o fdz d / oj/ fe Gkt/ I T[ j BK dk
;oho nbZ r j? go T[ j BK nz d obh i' f s fJe jh j? . id' I r[ o { r' f pz d f;z x ih i' s h
i' f s ;wkJ/ sK T[ j BK B/ r[ o rZ d h r[ o { rz q E s/ r[ o { gz E ~ ;" I g fdZ s h. r[ o { rz q E
;kfjp r[ o { ih dh i' f s j? s/ r[ o { gz E r[ o { dk ;oho.
;' fJ; s' I r[ o wsk dk noE ;gZ F N j? fe r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp dh j}{ o h ftZ u r[ o {
gz E dk c? ; bk (i' r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp dh f;Z f ynk d/ nB[ e { b j' t / ) .
;zB 1716 ftZu pkpk pzdk f;zx pjkdo dh Fjhdh d/ ;w/I s' I jh f;Z y K T[ g o ;z e N dk
;wK nkoz G j' frnk. f;Zy ;w/I ;w/ I w[ r bK s/ ncrkBk d/ Nkeo/ bJh ftT[ s K xVQ B
dh oDBhsh fsnko eoB bJh ;q h nekb sys ;kfjp T[ g o fJeZ m / j[ z d / ;B. fJ;
fJeZ m ~ @;opZ s ykb;k# fejk iKdk. ;ko/ gz E e w;b/ r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp dh j}{ o h
ftu j[ z d / ns/ f;Z y (fw;bK d/ iE/ d ko nkfd) y[ b Q h ;' u ftuko wro' I c? ; b/ eod/
;B.
r[o{ rzqE ;kfjp ih dh ji{oh ftu u[D/ j'J/ @gzi fgnko/# fiz B Q K c? ; fbnK ~ gq t kBrh
fdz d / ;B. ;kok gz E T[ ; c? ; b/ ~ @r[ o { d/ c? ; b/ # ti' I gq t kB eo b? I dk ;h.
@w? b ew# nkgDh g[ ; se @;e? u nkc dh f;y;# ftu r[ o ws/ pko/ fbydk j? fe
id' I th f;Z y fe;/ rz G ho gz E e w;b/ T[ g o ftuko eoB bJh ;q h nekb sys ;kfjp
fJeZ s o j[ z d / sK nkgD/ ftneshrs MrV/ s/ wsG/ d ysw eo fdz d / . r[ o ws/ ;z p z X h
ehsh iKdh ftuko ftu iksh iks-G/ d s/ ftneshrs ftyo/ t / I bJh e' J h EK BjhI
;h j[ z d h. gz E e fjsK bJh nkgD/ ftneshrs tyo/ t / I e[ o pkB eo fdZ s / iKd/ ;B.
 T[ j BK d/ wBK ftZ u e/ t b f;Z y oki d/ ;z e bg s' I fpBK j' o e[ M BjhI ;h j[ z d k.
j[ e wBkwk fbnk iKdk, d/ r toskJh iKdh s/ ykb;k-gz E ~ iE/ d ko @r[ o wsk# d/
Fpd ;[ D kT[ I dk, i' gz i K fgnkfonK B/ r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp dh ji{ o h ftu ;ops ;z r s
d/ thuko ;[ D B T[ g oz s fBoDk fbnk j[ z d k ;h.
44H gO F B L @r[ o wsk# eoB dk nfXeko fe; ~ j? <
T[ ^ so L r[ o wsk e/ t b r[ o { gz E dk u[ f Dnk j' f Jnk Fq ' w Dh iEk iK r[ o { gz E dk gq s hfBX
fJeZ m jh eo ;edk j? . f;Z y gZ E ftu' I ykoi ehs/ ftneshnK, sBykjhJ/ f;Z y K,
f;Z y gz E d/ fto' X hnK, iK r? o f;Z y K ~ @r[ o wsk# eoB dk nfXeko BjhI j? . r[ o {
gz E s' I fpBK fe;/ j' o dkehsk wsk, f;Z y gz E #s/ bkr{ BjhI j' ;edk. r[ o wsk eoB
bJh ;q h nekb sys ;kfjp d/ iE/ d ko ~ p/ B sh eoBh j[ z d h j? , i' :' r ikD e/
;opZ s ykb;k dk fJeZ m p[ b kT[ I dk j? . r[ o ws/ ;pz X h ehs/ ikD tkbk n? b kB e/ t b
;q h nekb sys ;kfjp dk iE/ d ko jh eo ;edk j? .
45H gO F B L eh nodk;hJ/ f;Z y ~ @nodk; eokJh dh G/ N k# fdZ s h ik ;edh j? <
T[ ^ so L GkJh ekBQ f;z x ih BkGk tZ b ' I ou/ r[ o wfs wkosz v d/ gz B k 38 T[ g o fJ; soQ K doi
j? L
@nodk;hJ/ f;Z y ~ Nek, o[ f gnk nkfde nodk; eokJh dh G/ N k d/ D h f;Z y Xow dh
wfo:kdk d/ fto[ Z X j? . #
nodk; dh T[ i os dk r[ o wfs ftu ftXkB BjhI.
46H gO F B L eJh f;Z y nkgD/ pZ f unK d/ BZ e ez B ftz B Q fdz d / jB. eh fJ; soQ K eoBk mhe j? <
T[ ^ so L pZ f unK d/ BZ e , ez B ftz B Q D / fttofis jB. f;Z y ofjs wfo:kdk s/ ofjsBkfwnK
ftZ u BZ e , ez B S/ d D dh wBkjh ehsh rJh j? . GkJh d:k f;z x ih nkgD/ ou/ j' J /
ofjsBkw/ ftu ;fsr[ o K dk j[ e w fJ; soQ K gq r N eod/ jB.
p/ X / ekB B Bke e' , ;fsr[ o [ eh wo:kd|
47H gO F B L n? ; / fejV/ ofjsBkw/ jB, fiBQ K ftu ]kb;/ ~ F;soXkoh j' D k fdq V Q eokfJnk
frnk j? <
T[ ^ so L r[ o { ;kfjp B/ ;P ? - oZ f ynk ns/ ykb;k gz E dh uVQ d h ebk bJh F;so XkoB eoBk
jo f;Z y bJh ftXkB Bh:s j? . @ofjsBkwk gq F B T[ s o GkJh Bz d bkb f;z x ih ek#
ftu doi j? L
F;sq j hB fJj epj[ Bk j' J h.
ojstz s ]kfb; j? ;' J h|
@ojsBkwk GkJh d:k f;z x ih dk# ftu doi j? L
x' V / n" o F;sq dh ;ko oy/ .
r[ o fpbk; gksFkjh 10, nfXnkfJ 23 ftZ u ;q h d;w/ F ih dk ;z r s ~ ehsk
T[ g d/ F fJ; soQ K doi j? L
g[ B z ;z r ;ko/ gq G { ih ;[ B kJh.
fpBk F;sq e/ ; z Boz G/ v ikB' .
rj/ ekB ske' fes/ b? f;XkB' .
 fJj? w' o nkr:k ;[ B ' j/ fgnko/ .
fpBk e; s/ r z fdt' B fddko/ .
fJj? w' o p? B k wz B ? r k ;[ i' J h.
fs;? fJZ S g{ o h ;G? ikB j' J h.
@ojsBkwk GkJh d/ ; k f;x# ftu doi j? L
@r[ o gq s kg ;{ o : o[ s 3, nfXnkfJ 23# ftu @ebrhXo gkfsFkj dk ]kb;/ ~
T[ g d/ F # doi j? L
F;sq B e/ nXhB j? oki. i' B Xofj, fs; fprofj eki.
:Ks/ ;op ]kb;k ;[ B hnfj. nk:[ X Xop/ T[ ^ sw rBhnfj.
ip jwo/ doFB e' nktj[ . pB ;[ u / s sB F;sq ;iktj[ .
ewoe;k eo d/ j [ fdykJh. jwoh ][ F h j' J h nfXekJh.
48H gO F B L eJh fBjz r f;z x @;[ y / # (Gz r ) ~ Fjhdh d/ r efjz d / jB. eh fJj rZ b mhe j? <
T[ ^ so L r[ o { ;kfjp ih B/ jo gq e ko d/ BF/ s' I f;Z y K ~ tofink j? . e' J h th BFk @f;Z y
Xow# ftZ u gq t kB BjhI. @gq / w ;[ w kor# ftu fbfynk j? nwb e/ t b gq F kd/ dk
oZ y Dk. @;[ y fBXkB# d/ pko/ GkJh ekBQ f;z x ih BkGk @r[ o wfs wkosz v roz E # ftu
fJ; soQ K fbyd/ jB L
@sKfsq e K d/ cz d / c;/ n;kv/ Gz r V GkJhnK ~ bZ i k eoBh ukjhJ/ , i' wfs-Gz r -
eosk Gz r ~ @;[ y fBXkB# gdth fdz d / jB ns/ Gz r dh fwZ m h FodkJh ~ @Fjhdh
d/ r # nkyD' ;z e ' u BjhI eod/ no nodk; eoe/ Gz r dk G' r r[ o { ~ ebgBk wksq
btkT[ I d/ jB. :' r : j? fe T[ j r[ o pkDh d/ FpdK #s/ ftuko eod/ j' J / fBz f ds t;s{
dk fsnkr eoe/ tk;st ;[ y fBXkB dk frnkB jk;b eoB. :Ek L
;[ y fBXkB[ g q G J/ e [ j? nfpBk;h ;[ f Dnk| (nz e Á¿Ç)
wB sB nz s fo uoB fXnkfJnk|
jfo ;[ y fBXkB BkBe dkf; gkfJnk| (nz e ÄÆÂ)
;' , ;[ y fBXkB sK gq G { jh j? . Gz r dk BFk @;[ y fBXkB# BjhI ;r' I @d[ y fBXkB#
j? .
49H gO F B L nodk; eoB ;w/ I @G' r br/ # efjDk mhe j? iK @nkg ih ~ gq t kB j' t / @efjDk#
mhe j? <
T[ ^ so L @@nkg ih dh ji{ o h ftu eVkj gq F kfd dh d/ r fsnko j? , nkg ih d/ do #s/ gq t kB
j' t / # #, fJj efjDk jh mhe j? . G' r sK w{ o shnK ~ bZ r dk j? .
50H gO F B L w? I okwdk;hnk iksh Bkb ;pz X oZ y D tkbk r[ o f;Z y nz f wq s Xkoh s/ r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp
dk nkyz v gkmh jK. w/ o / gk;' I eJh iZ N s/ fiz w hdko gq F kd BjhI b? I d/ , nfijk
feT[ I <
T[ ^ so L gfjbh p/ B sh n;hI nkg ih eoBh j? fe s[ ; hI id' I nz f wq s jh Se fbnk sK fco
g[ o kDh iks gks sK ysw j' rJh. f;Z y Xow iks gks ~ wz B dk jh BjhI j? s/ fJ;/
tfjw Goh phwkoh ~ ysw eoB bJh ;z r s, gz r s, ;o' t o fJFBkB s/ nz f wq s
 SekT[ D dh wfo:kdk f;Z y Xow ftZ u pDkJh rJh j? . ;' nkg ih nkgD/ nkg ~
owdk;hnk f;Z y efj e/ d{ ; o/ nz f wq s Xkoh f;z x K Bkb' I tyo/ t K g? d k Bk eo' .
d{ ; oh p/ B sh n;hI iZ N K s/ fiwhdkoK, nkgD/ r[ o f;Z y K GoktK ~ eoBh ukj[ z d /
jK fe n;hI r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp ~ nkgDk r[ o { wz B d/ jK sK r[ o { pkDh d/ c[ o wkD
nB[ ; ko iks gks d/ ftseo/ g{oB o{g ftu fsnkr d/JhJ/. r[o{ ;kfjp efjzd/ jB L
ikfs ek rop[ B efo w{ o y rtkok|
fJ;[ rop s/ ubfj pj[ s [ fteko;| (nz e ¿¿ÀÅ)
nfij/ GoktK ~ :kd oZ y Dk ukjhdk j? fe r[ o { ;kfjp B/ fiBQ K gz i K fgnkfonK
~ ;G s' I tX wkD fdZ s k ;h, T[ j BK ftu' I uko ejhnK iKdhnK iksK ftu' I jh ;B,
go r[ o { ;kfjp B/ iks gks ~ e' J h EK BjhI fdZ s h. fJ; bJh nfij/ ftseo/ eoB/
SZ v fdT[ , fJ;/ ftu jh f;Z y e" w dk Gbk j? .
51H gO F B L eJh f;Z y nz f wq s Se e/ fBsB/ w BjhI eod/ , feq g kB T[ s ko fdz d / jB s/ phphnK dh
pj[ s h frDsh sK nz f wq s Se e/ th rkso/ tkbh feogkB XkoB BjhI eodh, T[ j BK
tk;s/ r[ o { ;kfjp dk eh j[ e w j? <
T[ ^ so L nz f wq s Xkoh f;z x ns/ f;z x Dh bJh gz i K eekoK dh ofjs oZ y Dk, fBsB/ w dk gkm
eoBk ns/ r[ o d[ n ko/ ik e/ r[ o f;Z y K dh ;z r s eoBh nsh }o{ o h j? . feogkB rkso/
tkbh jh eeko j? . Xkr/ ftu gq ' e/ rZ b ftZ u gkJh fBZ e h feq g kB dh Beb eeko
BjhI nytk ;edh. i' r[ o f;Z y (f;z x iK f;z x Dh) fBsB/ w BjhI eodk, T[ j
sBykjhnk j? , T[ ; ~ gz i K fgnkfonK gk;' I G[ b pyFk e/ sBykj b[ n k e/ , fsnko
po fsnko j' D k ukjhdk j? , i' fJ; soQ K BjhI eo/ r k. T[ ; ~ r[ o { ;kfjp edh th
w[ n kc BjhI eoBr/ ns/ fi; nkF/ s/ T[ d / F dh g{ o sh bJh nz f wq s Sfenk ;h, T[ j
nkFk s/ T[ d / F g{ o k BjhI j' t / r k, feT[ I fe ofjsK s' I d{ o h, r[ o { s' I d{ o h j? s/ r[ o { s' I
d{ o h gq w kswk s' I d{ o h j? . gowkswk s' I d{ o h nktkrT[ D d/ uZ e o ftu gk fdz d h j? s/
wB[ Z y i{ B K ftu GNedk uZ e o bkT[ I dk y[ n ko j[ z d k j? . fJ; soQ K w[ e sh BjhI j[ z d h s/
gowkswk ftu fBtk; BjhI j[ z d k. ;' nz f wq s Xkoh r[ o f;Z y d/ ihtB ftu fe;/ fe;w
dh fYZ b BjhI nkT[ D h ukjhdh.
52H gO F B L eh nz f wq s Xkoh r[ o f;Z y bJh w{ o sh g{ i k eoBh, w{ o sh dk uoBkfwq s b? D k s/ wZ E / #s/
fNZ e k b[ n kT[ D k, nrBh d/ c/ o / b? D k T[ f uZ s j? <
T[ ^ so L f;Z y Xow ftu w{ o sh g{ i k dh wBkjh j? s/ e/ t b fJe nekb g[ o y d/ f;woB dk
ftXkB j? . fJ; bJh r[ o f;Z y ~ w{ o sh g{ i k eoBh, uoBkfwq s b? D k, nrBh g{ i k
eoBh s/ fNZ e k brkT[ D k F' G k BjhI fdz d k. fJj eow wBws d/ jB r[ o ws d/ BjhI.
53H gO F B L f;o' g kT[ pyfFF eoBk rz q E h f;z x d/ nfXeko y/ s o ftZ u j? iK gq p z X e ew/ N h d/ <
T[ ^ so L fe;/ :' r r[ o f;Z y ~ f;o' g kU pyfFF eoBk rz q E h f;z x d/ nfXeko y/ s o ftZ u j? .
54H gO F B L eh r[ o { BkBe gq e kF fdt; s/ fBFkB ;kfjp dk u' b k pdbDk }o{ o h j? <
T[ ^ so L fBFkB ;kfjp dk g[ F kek id' I th wZ X w g? ikt/ , oz r fcN ikt/ sK T[ ; / ;w/ I pdb
d/ D k ukjhdk j? . fit/ I n;hI sB d/ p;so w? b / j' D iK cN ikD s/ gkJh BjhI oZ y d/
feT[ I fe uz r / BjhI
 bZ r d/ . fJ; bJh ;kb ftZ u fiz B h tkoh th u' b k pdbDk gt/ , pdbDk ukjhdk j? .
u' b k pdbD bJh r[ o g[ o pK d/ w" e / #s/ fJj ;/ t k fBGkT[ D Bkb T[ s Fkj tkbk wkj" b
g? d k j' iKdk j? . fJ; bJh Xkofwe fJeZ m ftu fJj ;/ t k fBGkT[ D h uz r k T[ s Fkj
pyFdh j? s/ ;/ t kdko th nk;kBh Bkb fwb iKd/ jB. T[ I M fJj e' J h gZ e h wfo:kdk
BjhI fe nZ r / fgZ S / u' b k pdfbnk jh BjhI ik ;edk.
55H gO F B L eh nz f wq q s Xkoh f;z x p? b N d/ Bkb bNekJh ikD tkbh yz v k NkJhg feq g kB gfjB
;edk j? <
T[ ^ so L e" w h vf;gbB fJ; rZ b dh wz r eodk j? fe ;G r[ o f;Z y rkso/ Bkb feq g kB XkoB
eoB. fJ; s' I fJbktk j' o fiz B / th FFso jB, fit/ I th ukj' XkoB eo ;ed/ j' .
56H gO F B L eVkj gq F kfd dh d/ r fsnko eoe/ eh ;P Z S GKv/ ftu r[ o { ;kfjp dh j}{ o h ftu
fbik ;ed/ jK iK e/ t b eVkjh ftu jh fbikDh }o{ o h j? <
T[ ^ so L fi; eVkjh ftu d/ r fsnko ehsh iKdh j? , T[ ; ftu jh d/ r gk e/ dhtkB ftu b?
ikDk F' G k BjhI fdz d k. uz r k sK fJjh j? fe d/ r mz v h eoe/ fe;/ ;[ z d o goks iK
fe;/ j' o ;P Z S GKv/ ftZ u dhtkB ftu fbikJh ikt/ . GkJh ekBQ f;z x ih BkGk B/
r[ o wfs wkosz v rz q E ftu d/ r fbikD dh wfo:kdk pko/ fJ;/ rZ b #s/ }' o fdZ s k j? .
57H gO F B L i/ eo fe;/ nkdwh ~ ;koh oks ez w eoBk g? I dk j' t / sK T[ j ;' f jb/ dh pkDh fe;
;w/ I gV/ < eh r[ o d[ n ko/ ;' f jb/ dh pkDh ;[ D nkT[ D s/ xo nk e/ d[ p kok gVQ B h
}o{ o h j? .
T[ ^ so L f;Z y ofjs wfo:kdk ftu ;' f jbk dh pkDh gVQ B dk ;wK oks ;" D t/ b / dk fbfynk
j? . i/ fe;/ B/ ;koh oks nokw BjhI eoBk j? sK T[j @ofjok;# d/ gkm T[gozs ;'fjb/ dh
pkDh gVQ bt/. r[ o d[ n ko/ gkm T[ g oz s ;' f jb/ dh pkDh gVQ bt/ . r[ o d[ n ko/ gkm ;[ [ D
nkT[ D s' I pknd xo nk ;' f jb/ dk gkm eo b? D k uz r h rZ b j? . fJ; f;Z y d/ fBZ s B/ w
dk fjZ ; k j? s/ fJ; #s/ e' J h ;wK th pj[ s k BjhI bZ r dk. gkm ~ o; s/ nkBz d dk
ftFk pDkT[ . w}p{ o h s/ bkukoh tZ b fbik e/ eow eKv dk o{ g Bk fdT[ .
58H gO F B L csfj p[ b kT[ D bZ f rnK eJh tho @;q h # Fpd dh tos' I eod/ jB, eh fJj mhe j? <
T[ ^ so L csfj dk n;b ;o{ g j? @tkfjr[ o { ih ek ykb;k| tkfjr[ o { ih eh csfj|# fJ;
ftu tkX xkN eoBh F' G k BjhI fdz d h.
59H gO F B L ;kv/ fJE/ r[ o d[ n ko/ ftu i' s irkJh iKdh j? . eh fJj mhe j? <
T[ ^ so L r[ o d[ n ko/ ftZ u i' s K irkDhnK f;Z y ofjs wfo:kdk nB[ ; ko wBQ k jB.
60H gO F B L eh nkyz v gkm ;w/ I nkosh eoBh :' r j? <
T[ ^ so L f;Z y ofjs wfo:kdk ftu nkosh eoB dk e' J h ftXkB BjhI j? .
61H gO F B L gkm eoB bJh xo ftu ;q h r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp ih dhnK ;? I uhnK EK #s/ oZ y D dh eh
wo:kdk j? <
T[ ^ so L ;? I uhnK ~ ;fseko Bkb o[ w kb/ uVQ k e/ fe;/ nbwkoh iK ;fseko tkbh EK #s/
oZ y Dk ukjhdk j? s/ gkm eoB ;w/ I ;fseko Bkb o/ j b s/ ;? I uh oZ y e/ o' } gkm
eoBk ukjhdk j? .
62H gO F B L i/ eo e' J h nz f wq s Xkoh f;z x nkgDh feogkB T[ s ko d/ t / sK eh T[ ; ~ d[ p kok
nz f wq s SeDk g? I dk j? <
T[ ^ so L e/ ; K s' I fpBK pkeh eekoK ;pz X h G[ b eoB tkb/ ~ f;Z y ofjs wfo:kdk ftu
@sBykjhnk# fbfynk j' f Jnk j? . nfij/ sBykjhJ/ ~ gz i fgnkfonK d/ j}{ o g/ F
j' e/ sBykj (dz v ) b[ n kT[ D h g? I dh j? s/ G[ Z b pyFkT[ D h g? I dh j? .
63H gO F B L FfBuotko eJh r[ o d[ n kfonK ftu Fkw ~ S' f bnK dk gq F kd jh j[ z d k j? < feT[ I <
T[ ^ so L @FBh d/ t s/ # d/ Bkw #s/ b' e K ftu eJh tfjw Gow ;wkJ/ j' J / jB. fJjBK tfjwK
GowK dk d/ y k d/ y h eZ u / fgZ b / f;Z y K T[ s / th gq G kt fgnk j? s/ T[ ; dk jh gq r Nktk
fJj FBhtko tkb/ fdB T[ u / u / s" o #s/ fsnko eoe/ fbnKdk S' f bnK dk gq F kd j? .
eJh f;Z y fJ; tfjw j/ m k sK BjhI t? ; / jh d/ y h d/ y h fJj gq F kd FBhtko fsnko
eoe/ b? iKd/ jB. go e[ M th j' t / @f;Z y ofjs wo:kdk# s/ r[ o pkDh edh th fJj
nkfrnk BjhI fdz d h fe f;Z y e" w ikD/ iK nDikD/ ftu fe;/ Gow G[ b / y / iK tfjw
dk fFeko j' t / . ;' r[ o f;Z y K ~ S' f bnK d/ gq F kd dh EK @eVkj gq F kfd# dh d/ r i'
f;Z y ofjs wfo:kdk nB[ ; ko fsnko ehsh rJh j' t / , r[ o d[ n ko/ b? e/ ikDh ukjhdh
j? . f;Z y Xow ftu ;G tko fJe' fij/ jB, e' J h pj[ s k uz r k iK wkVk BjhI. fJ;
bJh fe;/ tko ~ F[ G s/ fe;/ ~ nF[ G wz B Dk f;Z y h n;{ b K s' I nfrnkBsk dk
bykfJe j? . ;' fe;/ Gow eoe/ T[ u / u / FfBuotko tkb/ fdB gq F kd b? e/ ikDk f;Z y
~ F' G k BjhI fdz d k. gq F kd jo o' } r[ o d[ n ko/ j' D k ukjhdk j? Gkt/ I f;Z y nkg' nkgDh
tkoh pz B Q b? D , go eVkj gq F kfd dh d/ r jh j' t / , j' o e' J h gq F kfd BjhI.
64H gO F B L e[ M b' e fwq s e dh noEh fgZ S / @u" o # p[ b kT[ I d/ jB. eh n? ; k eoBk mhe j? <
T[ ^ so L u" o M[ b kT[ D tkbk ;fseko e/ t b ;q h r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp bJh jh okytK j? , fe;/ pz d /
T[ g o u" o BjhI M[ b kfJnk ik ;edk. fwq s e gq k Dh d/ fgZ S / u" o M[ b kT[ D tkb/ , wo
u[ Z e / tZ v / tv/ o / dk fJz i eoe/ nkgD/ tZ b ' I ;fseko eod/ jB go fJj n;b ftu
T[ j BK dh nkfrnkBsk j? .
65H gO F B L nyz v gkm dk G' r 48 xz N / ftZ u jh g? D k ukjhdk j? iK ;wK tZ X th bZ r ;edk j? <
T[ ^ so L @nyz v gkm# dh wfo:kdk ftu ;gZ F N fbfynk j? fe pkDh gq / w Bkb w{ z j ' I p' b e/ ,
;fseko Bkb gVQ D h j? , i' ;[ D B tkb/ ~ uz r h soQ K ;wM nk ;e/ . ;wK Gkt/ I fez B k
th tZ X bZ r ikt/ , fJ; dk e' J h joi BjhI. ;w/ I dh wjkBsk BjhI, r[ o pkDh gVQ D s/
;wM ;wMk ;eD dh wjkBsk j? . u[ Z g rV[ Z g gkm, B}oK c/ o B tkbk gkm ekjbh
ekjbh dk gkm, ;ghvK u[ Z e D tkbk s/ ibdh ibdh G' r gkT[ D tkbk gkm, f;Z y
ofjs wfo:kdk nB[ ; ko gq t kB BjhI. n? : k eoBk gkm dh p/ n dph j? . n;hI eJh
tko t/ y d/ jK fe id' I G' r gkT[ D k j' t / ns/ gkm tX/ o / ofjz d k j' t / sK gkmh ;Z i D
s/ } s/ } gkm eodk j? , fi; dh ;wM BjhI nkT[ I dh j? , jK T[ u koB dk gsk bZ r dk
j? , pZ ; fJjh fdZ ; dk j? fe gkmh r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp T[ g o B}oK c/ o h iKdk j? . n? ; k
eoBk r[ o pkDh dh fBokdoh j? . gkm oZ y D oytkT[ D tkfbnK ~ ;[ u / s j' D dh b' V
j? .
66H gO F B L nkBz d ekoi d/ ;w/ I b' e h u" E h bkt t/ b / bVe/ bVeh s/ c[ Z b K dh toyk eod/ jB.
eh fJj mhe rZ b j? <
T[ ^ so L r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp dh j}{ o h ftu fe;/ th ftnesh T[ g o c[ Z b K dh toyk eoBh wBws
j? . fJ; Bkb r[ o { d/ ;fseko ftZ u coe g? I dk j? . fJ;/ bJh fJj o;w BjhI j' D h
ukjhdh. i/ c[ Z b K dh toyk }o{ o h eoBh jh j? sK nkBz d ekoi j' ikD T[ g oz s
r[ o d[ n kok ;kfjp s' I pkjo nk e/ ehsh ik ;edh j? s/ p/ b ' V k MZ ; g{ o k ehsk ik
;edk j? .
67H gO F B L eh f;z x DhnK r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp dk gq e kF eo ;edhnK jB s/ nz f wq s SekT[ D ;w/ I
gz i K fgnkfonK ftZ u Fkwb j' ;edhnK jB<
T[ ^ so L f;Z y Xow ftu f;z x ns/ f;z x Dh ~ pokpo d/ nfXeko fdZ s / rJ/ jB. f;Z y ofjs
wfo:kdk ftZ u ;gZ F N fbfynk j? fe f;z x DhnK nz f wq s SekT[ D ;w/ I gz i K fgnkfonK
ftZ u Fkwb j' ;edhnK jB. r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp gq e kF eo ;edhnK jB. gz i
fgnkfonK dk rZ c k f;z x DhnK ~ th fdZ s k ik ;edk j? . ;kvh fJj gq u ko dh ewh j?
fe n;hI edh f;z x DhnK ~ Fkwb BjhI ehsk, fi; ekoB f;Z y fJ;sohnK ftu
nz f wq s SeD s/ SekT[ D dk g{ o k ukn g? d k BjhI ehsk ik ;edk.
68H gO F B L eh fe;/ d/ Bfws oZ f ynk ;fji gkm nZ X k fJe r[ o d[ n ko/ s/ nZ X k d{ i / r[ o d[ n ko/
fty/ ehsk ik ;edk j? <
T[ ^ so L r[ o wfs ftZ u @Bfws# gkmK bJh e' J h EK BjhI. r[ o pkDh dk gkm eoB tkb/ s/ ;[ D B
tkb/ d/ fjod/ ~ mz Y gkT[ I dk j? . fJe dk ehsk gkm d{ i / gq k Dh ~ BjhI gj[ z u ;edk
feT[ I fe r[ o pkDh ftu jh Bk gj[ z u D pko/ fbfynk j? L
BkBe nr? ;' fwb? fi yN/ xkb/ d/ f J|
wjkBsk r[ o pkDh d/ gkm eoB dh j? , Gkt/ I T[ j fe;/ th irQ k s/ ehsk ikJ/ .
r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp ;G r[ o d[ n kfonK ftu fJe' jh jB. fe;/ irQ k th ik e/ gkm ehsk
ikJ/ , fJ; Bkb e' J h coe BjhI g? I dk. go gkmh f;z x eh eod/ jB, b' e K d/ oykJ/
gkm fJe r[ o d[ n ko/ ftu fJe gkmh s/ d{ i / ftZ u d{ i k gkmh gz B / tz v e/ eo b? I d/
jB. fJj wBws j? . jo f;Z y ~ gkm nkg eoBk ukjhdk j? iK gkmh f;z x e' b ' I
;[ D Bk ukjhdk j? . feokfJnk d/ e/ m/ e / s/ gkm eokT[ D k f;Z y h wfo:kdk d/ fto[ Z X
j? . T[ I i gkm ;[ D kT[ D tkb/ gkmh f;z x dk fiz B k th ;fseko ehsk ikJ/ , eoBk
ukjhdk j? .
69H gO F B L ofjs pfjs ftZ u G[ Z b eoB tkb/ ~ dz v bkfJnk iKdk j? s/ fejk iKdk j? fe
sBykj bkJh j? , n? ; k feT[ I <
T[ ^ so L f;Z y ofjs wfo:kdk fto[ Z X eow ns/ Xow dz v dk BkT[ I @sBykj# ;Z d hdk j? . fJ;
Fpd dk w{ b fJj j? fe fi; t/ b / gz i kp d/ w[ ; bwkB jkewK B/ nwB ekfJw eoB
bJh f;Z y K Bkb }kfjok w/ b eo fbnk ns/ fesB/ f;Z y K ~ wke{ b sBykj d/ e/
;oekoh B" e ohnK d/ fdZ s hnK sK nDyhb/ f;z x K B/ nkgD/ GkJhnK dk fJj eow
fxq D k:' r ikD e/ B" e o f;Z y K dh nZ b @sBykjhJ/ # Ekg fdZ s h. e[ Z S ;wK gk e/ Xow
 ns/ wfo:kdk fto[ Z X eow eoB tkb/ dk Bkw sBykjhnK gZ e frnk. gz E e p' f bnK
ftZ u th sBykj Fpd tofsnk iKdk ;h.
70H gO F B L eh r[ o d[ n kok ;kfjp fty/ n" o sK dk x[ z v eo e/ p? m Dk mhe j? <
T[ ^ so L BjhI ih. @@f;Z y ofjs wfo:kdk## ftZ u @r[ o d[ n ko/ # d/ f;ob/ y j/ m fJT[ I fbfynk
j' f Jnk j? -
;z r s ftZ u iK ;fsr[ o K d/ gq e kF ;w/ I fe;/ f;Z y ~ Bz r / f;o BjhI p? m Dk ukjhdk.
;z r s ftZ u f;Z y fJ;sohnK bJh godk eoBk iK x[ z v eZ Y Dk r[ o wfs fto[ Z X j? .
71H gO F B L f;Z y gz E jo o' } ;t/ o ns/ Fkw nodk; eoB t/ b / @@oki
eo/ r k ykb;k## tkbk d' j ok gVQ d k j? . s[ j kv/ fynkb nB[ ; ko T[ j fejVk ykb;k j?
ns/ ykb;k oki ed' I j' t / r k<
T[ ^ so L T[ j ykb;k T[ j h j? , fi; pko/ ;q h r[ o { r' f pz d f;z x ih B/ fbfynk j? -
ikrs i' f s ig? fB; pk;[ o
J/ e fpBk wB B? e B nkB? |
g{ o B gq / w gq s hs ;i?
pq s r' o wVQ h wN G{ b B wkB? |
shoE dkB dfJnk sg ;z i w
J/ e fpBk Bfj J/ e gSkB? |
g{ o B i' s ir? xN w?
st ykb;k skfj Bykb; ikB? |
Gkt r[ o f;Z y fdB oks Bkw ig/ , fJZ e nekb g[ o y s' I fpBK fe;/ j' o ~ Bk
wz B / , gq / w Gkt oZ y ' , pos, epoK, wVhnK, wZ m K ~ G[ Z b e/ th Bk wz B ' . shoEK s/
GNed/ fcoBk, dkB eoB? , dfJnk gkbDh, X{ D hnK nkfd sgk e/ sg eoB/ , ;z i w
gkbD/ nkfd c' e N eowK tZ b fXnkB Bk d/ t / . fJ; okj #s/ ubd/ j' J / id' I r[ o { e/
f;Z y d/ ;oho nz d o gq G { dh i' f s gq r N j' ikt/ noEks nkswk gow-nkswk Bkb
fJZ e -fwZ e j' ikt/ sK T[ ; ~ fBo' b ykb;k ikD' .
nfij/ f;Z y K d/ oki dh d;w r[ o { ih B/ ebgBk ehsh ;h, feT[ I fe oki-Fesh
s' I fpBK nZ f snkukoh okfinK e' b ' I Xow ~ pukT[ D k ;z G t BjhI ;h ns/ f;Z y bfjo
d/ Xkofwe, ;wkfie ns/ f;nk;h wB' o EK dh gq k gsh oki s' I fpBK BjhI j' ;edh.
J/ ; / bJh ;kv/ p}[ o r th fJ; XkoBk d/ ftFtk;h ;B fe -
@oki fpBK Bk Xow ub/ j? |
Xow fpBk ;G db? wb? j? I |
pkpk pz d k f;z x d/ ;w/ I s' I jh w[ r bK B/ f;Z y Fesh ~ sfj; Bfj; eoB dk
jo :sB eoBk nkoz G eo fdZ s k ;h, fi;d/ cb-;o{ g j}koK f;z x K B/ n;fj s/
nefj eFN ;jkofdnK j' f JnK FjhdhnK gq k gs ehshnK. n? ; / ;w/ I th f;Z y K dk
fJj ftFtk; ;h fe r[ o { ;kfjp e/ puB g{ o / j' D r/ s/ ykb;/ dk oki ntZ F j' t / r k.
nkgD/ Xkofwe nehd? ns/ okiBhse fBFkB/ ~ :kd oZ y D bJh f;Z y o' } ;t/ o / Fkw
fJj d' j ok nodk; d/ wro' I gVQ d / ;B. fdq V Q fJokd/ d/ wkbe f;Z y K B/ brksko 60
 ;kbK d/ ;z x oF wro' I fw;bK d/ o{ g ftu nkgDk oki-Gkr ekfJw eo fbnk ;h.
fco wjkokik oDihs f;z x dk FeshFkbh
oki j' I d ftZ u nkfJnk. fJz M d;w r[ o { ih d/ ;[ g B/ ;keko j' rJ/ . nZ i th fJj
d' j ok ;k~ oki;h Fesh dh b' V dk nfj;k; eokT[ I dk j? ns/ gz E dh nk}kd j;sh
~ ekfJw eoB dk
;[ B / j k fdz d k j? .

72H gO F B L nz f wq s SeDk pj[ s }o{ o h ;wfMnk iKdk j? go d;t/ I r[ o { s' I gfjbK fe;/ B/ th
nz f wq s BjhI Sfenk. fJj gq E k sK d;t/ I gkfsFkj B/ F[ o { ehsh j? . gfjb/ B" I r[ o { n K
B/ nz f wq s BjhI Sfenk sK j[ D jo f;Z y bJh nz f wq s SeDk feT[ I }o{ o h j? <
T[ ^ so L GkJh ekBQ f;z x ofus r[ o wfs wkosz v nB[ ; ko B" I ;fsr[ o K t/ b / ns/ ;z w s 1756
s' I gfjbK d;w r[ o { d/ nfXeko ftZ u th uoBkfwq s (uoD-gkj[ b ) d/ D dh ohs ;h.
d;w gkfsFkj B/ 1 t? ; ky, ;z w s 1756 (;z B 1699) ~ yz v / pkN/ dk nz f wq s (yz v /
dh gkj[ b ) fgbk e/ ;{ o pho ykb;k ofunk ns/ uoDkfwq s
d/ D dh wfo:kdk ;dk bJh pdb fdZ s h.
GkJh r[ o dk; ih B/ th nkgDh gfjbh tko d/ s/ J hthI gT[ V h ftZ u fbfynk j? -
;[ D h g[ e ko dksko gq G [ r[ o { BkBe ir wkfj gmkfJnk.
uoB X' f J ojokf; efo uoDkfwq s f;yK ghbkfJnk.
fJBQ K jtkfbnK s' I gsk bZ r dk j? fe nz f wq s SekT[ D dh ohs gfjb/ ;fsr[ o {
r[ o { BkBe d/ t ih s' I jh ukb{ ;h. d;w gkfsFkj B/ sK e/ t b uoD gkj[ b ~ yz v /
dh gkj[ b ftZ u jh pdfbnk j? . gfjbK th nz f wq s SeD tkb/ ~ ;fsr[ o { ih Bkw dh
dks fdz d / ;B noEks Bkw fdq V Q eotkT[ I d/ ;B ns/ j[ D th gz i fgnko/ ;q h r[ o { rz q E
;kfjp dh skfpnk Bkw fdq V Q eotkT[ I d/ jB. ;' , gfjb/ B" I r[ o { n K d/ ;w/ I th r[ o -
dhfynk b? D bJh f;Z y Xow nz d o nz f wq s SeDk bk}wh (}o{ o h) ;h s/ nZ i th.
73H gO F B L eVkj gq F kfd jh d/ r wz B h rJh j? . feT[ I < j' o e' J h gq F kfd feT[ I BjhI<
T[ ^ so L f;Z y K dh fBih s/ e" w h f}z d rh bJh ftF/ F fB:w fBoXkfos ehs/ rJ/ jB, fiBQ K d/
;z r q f j ~ @f;Z y ofjs wfo:Kdk# fejk iKdk j? .
ofjs wfo:kdk ftu @gq F kd# e/ t b eVkj dk jh ;theko ehsk frnk j? . e" w h
vf;gbB dh gkbDk eofdnK j' f JnK ;z r sK ftu e/ t b eVkj gq F kfd jh toskfJnk
ikDk ukjhdk j? . j' o fe;/ th uh} dk gq F kfd BjhI j' D k ukjhdk.
S' f bnK dk gq F kfd SfBZ u o d/ t s/ ~ y[ F eoB bJh, FfBuotko ~ pq k jwDh Xow tkb/
tz v d/ jB. f;Z y e/ t b tkfjr[ o { dk g[ i koh j? , j' o fe;/ dhBh-d/ t s/ ~ BjhI wz B dk.
fJ; bJh S' f bnK dk gq F kfd (s/ j' o gq F kfd) g{ o h soQ K fttofis j? .
74H gO F B L f;Z y pokdoh ftu nkgDh foFs/ d koh ftZ u ftnkj eoB dh fJ}k}s j? ik BjhI,
Gkt/ I y{ B dk foFsk j' t / iK d[ Z X dk foFsk< nro wBkjh j? sK feT[ I <
T[ ^ so L gz E gq t kfDs @f;Z y ofjs wfo:kdk# ftZ u @nBz d ;z ; eko# d/ f;ob/ y j/ m fJT[ I
fbfynk j' f Jnk j? -
 (T) f;Z y f;Z y Dh dk ftnkj fpBQ K }ks, r' s ftuko d/ j' D k ukjhJ/ . ftnkj fez B /
B}dheh foFs/ ftZ u eoBk j? . fJj rZ b Xkofwe n;{ b K Bkb' I ;wkfie n;{ b K ns/
f;js$;z s kB d/ Gb/ Bkb tX/ o / ;z p z X oZ y dh j? . nkT[ D tkbh B;b d/ Gb/ dh ykso
bVek ns/ bVeh B}dheh foFs/dkoh ftZu'I BjhI j'D/ ukjhd/.
75H gO F B L pj[ s ;ko/ r[ o f;Z y thoK tZ b ' I fJj fejk iKdk j? fe f;Z y gz E dh d[ o dFk dk ekoB
;q h r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp dh pkDh i' gfjbK bVhtko ;o{ g ftZ u ;h, ~ gd S/ d eoe/
fbyDk j? . eh fJj mhe j? <
T[ ^ so L r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp dh pkDh f;Z y bJh ftuko e/ gVQ B ns/ fco T[ ; #s/ nwb eoB
tk;s/ j? . id' I pkDh bVhtko ;o{ g ftZ u fbyh rJh ;h. T[ d ' I fbyD dk fJjh Yz r
gq u Z f bs ;h ns/ b' e n? ; h fbys ~ ;fji/ jh ;wM th b? I d/ ;B. go nZ i ;w/ I dh
b' V w[ s kfpe i/ gd fBy/ V e/ fby/ iKd/ jB sK fJj ;wMD ftZ u p[ o kJh tkbh e' J h
rZ b BjhI j? .
;kv/ ftuko nB[ ; ko sK f;Z y gz E d/ gSV/ j' D dk ekoB fJj j? fe r[ o { rz q E
;kfjp dh pkDh ~ j[ D sZ e ;z ; ko dhnK ;kohnK p' b hnK ftZ u soiwK eoe/
ftnkfynk ;fjs Skfgnk BjhI frnk.
76H gO F B L n;hI nz f wq s SeDk ukj[ z d / jK. dZ ; ' n;hI fe; iE/ e' b ' I nz f wq s SehJ/ <
T[ ^ so L nz f wq q s fe;/ iE/ p z d h dk BjhI ;r' I r[ o { dk j? . ;q h nekb sys ;kfjp ih dh dZ ; h
wfo:kdk nB[ ; ko fiZ E / th gz i fgnko/ ftXh g{ o te nz f wq s SekT[ I d/ j' D , SZ e b? D k
:' r j? . nz f wq s ~ iE/ p z d hnK dh tz v ftZ u gkT[ D k :' r BjhI j? .
77H gO F B L nz f wq s SeD bJh gq / f os eoB s/ eJh b' e efjz d / jB fe ni/ tkfjr[ o { dh fwjo
BjhI j' J h. id' I fwjo j' t / r h, nkg/ nz f wq s Se btKr/ . eh jo/ e fJB;kB ~ fJjh
;' u b? D k ukjhdk j? iK nkg th e' f FF eoBh ukjhdh j? <
T[ ^ so L n? ; hnK c' e hnK dbhbK nz f wq s Bk SeD bJh e/ t b pjkB/ p k}h s' I tZ X e[ Z M BjhI.
gq w kswk B/ wB[ Z y ~ nkgD/ p[ o / Gb/ dh goy eo ;eD tkbh p[ Z X h dh pyfFF eoe/
;kohnK i{ B K s/ ;odkoh pyfFF ehsh j? , i/ e' J h gq k Dh fJ; p[ Z X h dh :' r tos' I
BjhI eodk sK T[ ; ftZ u s/ pkeh i{ B K (ikBtoK nkfd) ftZ u eh nz s o j' f Jnk<
n;hI fJj sK edh BjhI nkyd/ fe gq w kswk ;kvh G[ Z y fwNkT[ D bJh o' N h iK fgnk;
p[ M kT[ D bJh gkDh nkg/ ;kv/ w{ z j ftZ u gk d/ t / r k, ;r' I n;hI nkgDh ;ohoe b' V dh
g{ o sh bJh nkg T[ ^ dw eod/ jK. mhe fJ;/ soQ K nksfwe b' V dh g{ o sh bJh
nz f wq s SeD bJh th ;k~ nkg T[ ^ dw eoB dh b' V j? .
78H gO F B L eh f;Z y ;q h r[ o { rq z E ;kfjp ih s' I fJbktk j' o fe;/ ~ wZ E k N/ e ;edk j? < i/ e o
BjhI sK j/ m fby/ r[ o tke dh ftnkfynk eoe/ ;wMkU ih-
i' dh;? r[ o f;yVk fs;[ fBft fBft bkrT[ gkfJ ihT[ |
T[ ^ so L ;q h r[ o { BkBe d/ t ih d/ nkrwB ;w/ I Gkos ftZ u fjz d { s/ w[ ; bwkB d' w[ Z y ikshnK
;B. fjz d { n K ftZ u g? o hI g? D iK wZ E k N/ e D dk fotki ;h ns/ w[ ; bwkB @n;bkwk
b? e w, tk b? e w n;bkw## fJZ e d{ i / ~ fwbD ns/ ftSVD ;w/ I efjz d / ;B. f;Z y
r[ o { n K B/ fjz d { n K ~ r[ b kwK tkbh }bkbs s' I S[ N ekokfdtkT[ D tk;s/ @;fs Xow# dk
 okj ubkfJnk, fijVk d[ B hnK ftZ u @ykb;k gz E # d/ BK Bkb ikfDnk ikD bZ r k.
w[ ; bwkBh eZ N Vsk d/ }[ b w j/ m gh;h ik ojh nkw iBsk ~ f;o T[ ^ uk eoe/ uZ b D
dh iku f;ykT[ D bJh r[ o { ;kfjpkB B/ }[ b w nZ r / vND dh tz r ko gkJhI ns/ r[ b kwh
tkbhnK oj[ - ohsK ~ pdb e/ fBowb (ykb;k) gz E ubkfJnk. fJBQ K ohsK ftZ u
iD/ _ yD/ d/ g? o K #s/ fvZ r D s' I b' e K ~ tofink. fJZ e d{ i / ~ fwbD s/ ftSVD t/ b /
@tkfjr[ o { ih ek ykb;k, tkfjr[ o { ih eh csfj.# p[ b kT[ D dk nkd/ F fdZ s k-
nkr/ nkts f;z x i[ gkt? ,
tkfjr[ o { eh cs/ p[ b kt? . (ofjsBkwk GkJh d/ ; k f;z x ih)
nkgD/ fJFN s' I fpBK j' o fe;/ n? o / - r? o / nZ r / f;o M[ e kT[ D dh wBkjh ehsh
go r[ o f;Z y K nEtk ;fs Xow d/ gKXhnK Bkb nfs fBwosk tkbk fttjko oZ y D dk
nkd/ F fdZ s k-

(r[ o pkDh)
fJ; r[ o tke ftZ u ;fsr[ o { ih nkgD/ f;Z y K ~ nkg/ ftZ u dk;B dk; pD e/
nEtk nfs jbhwh ftZ u ofjD dk T[ g d/ F fdz d / jB. wZ E k n;hI nkgD/ fJFN (;q h
r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp) ~ jh N/ e Dk j? , iD/ - yD/ d/ g? o hI jZ E bk e/ n;hI jT[ w ? I dk o' r
BjhI g? d k eoBk, ws e' J h nkgD/ nkg ~ wjkg[ o y ;wM e/ ;fsr[ o { dk Fohe pD
p? m / .
79H gO F B L Grs oftdk; ih Bkb ;z p z f Xs n;EkBK #s/ tZ y ok fBFkB ;kfjp feT[ I j[ z d k j? <
T[ ; T[ ^ s/ yz v / uZ e o dh pikfJ @@;' j z # # bc} fe; ;z d oG ftZ u fbfynk j[ z d k j? <
T[ ^ so L tZ y oh GKs d/ fBFkB ;kfjp s' I f;Z X j[ z d k j? fe Grs oftdk; ~ wz B D tkb/ nfij/
pz d / nkgD/ nkg ~ ykb;k gz E Bkb' I nbZ r ;wMd/ jB ns/ T[ j nkgDk tZ y ok gz E
ubkT[ D d/ :sB ftZ u jB.
80H gO F B L fBsB/ w ;k~ w{ z j ftZ u eoBk ukjhdk j? iK p' b e/ sK i' n;hI g{ o k bkG b? ;ehJ/ <
T[ ^ so L fBZ s B/ w eofdnK ;kvh ;[ o fs Fpd Bkb i[ V Bh ukjhdh j? , pkDh gVQ h ;[ D h dk sK jh
bkG j? . wB ~ fNek e/ , ;fji ftZ u ofj e/ , jbeh jbeh nktk} ftZ u pkDh gVQ B
dk tX/ o / bkG j? go i/ wB SVZ g / wko/ sK E' V Q k T[ ^ uh p' b e/ gkm ehsk ik ;edk j? .
81H gO F B L nZ i eZ b r[ o d[ n kfonK ftZ u nkw d/ y D ~ fwbdk j? fe ;z r sK ;q h r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp
ih d/ tZ y tZ y gk;/ ns/ ;[ y -nk;B n;EkB #s/ th ftF/ F o{ g ftZ u wZ E k N/ e dhnK
jB. r[ o wfs nB[ ; ko nfijk eoB :' r j? <
T[ ^ so L nfijk eoBk :' r BjhI, feT[ I fe n? ; k eoB Bkb r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp dh j}{ o h ftZ u
i[ V hnK ;z r sK dk fXnkB T[ y Vdk j? . nfijk eoB tkbhnK ;z r sK FoXk tZ ; jh
n? ; k eodhnK jB. wo:kdk nB[ ; ko r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp d/ ;Bw[ Z y wZ E k N/ e e/ , r[ o {
o{ g ;z r s d/ doFB eoe/ , ;fji bkb @tkfjr[ o { ih ek ykb;k, tkfjr[ o { ih eh
csfj# p[ [ b k e/ ;z r s ftZ u p? m ikDk ukjhdk j? . r[ o d[ n ko/ d/ nB[ F k;B ~ g{ o h soQ K
ekfJw oZ y Dk jo FoXkb{ dk co} j? .
82H gO F B L i/ e o fe;/ g[ o kDh w;hs tkbh fJwkos ftZ u r[ o d[ n kok pfDnk j' t / sK eh T[ E /
fBFkB ;kfjp s' I fJbktk r[ z p d T[ ^ s/ fJ;bkw dk fuz B Q joh Mz v h bfjokJh ik ;edh
j? ns/ thotko tkb/ fdB dhftnK ftZ u s/ b gkfJnk ik ;edk j? <
T[ ^ so L f;Z y ofjs wfo:kdk nB[ ; ko fi; n;EkB #s/ ;q h r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp ih dk gq e kF
j' t / , T[ E / e' J h nBws dk fuz B Q , r[ o wfs s' A fto[ Z X e' J h ohsh iK ;z ; eko BjhI j' D k
ukjhdk. T[ e s nB[ ; ko r[ z p d s/ joh Mz v h iK thotko tkb/ fdB dhftnK ftZ u s/ b
gkT[ D k :' r BjhI j? , r[ o wfs s' I T[ b N j? .
83H gO F B L eh r[ o d[ n ko/ dh ;N/ i s/ f;nk;h GkFB eoB/ :' r jB<
T[ ^ so L f;Z y Xow nz d o Xow ns/ okiBhsh dh ;KM j? . go fJ; d/ Bkb Bkb fJj rZ b
:kd oZ y Dh }o{ o h j? fe f;Z y Xow dh okiBhsh ;Z u s/ nXkfos j? ns/ r[ o d[ n ko/
dh ;N/ i T[ ^ go e/ t b ;Z u dh okiBhsh dhnK rZ b K jh eoBhnK :' r jB.
r[ o d[ n kfonK ftZ u jo T[ j wkwbk nk ;edk j? , i' ;Z u , fBnK ns/ T[ g eko dh wz r
eodk j? . MrV/ tkb/ T[ j BK ;G ;tkbK ~ Gkt/ I T[ j Xkofwe j' D s/ Gkt/ I oki;h,
fiBQ K s' I r[ o d[ n kfonK d/ tk:{ _ wz v b dh FKsh, ndp s/ rz G hosk ftZ u coe g? I dk
j' t / , r[ o d[ n kfonK nz d o pfj; dk ftFk BjhI pDB fdZ s k ikDk ukjhdk.
84H gO F B L eh r[ o d[ n ko/ nz d o iK SZ s s/ g[ b h; p{ N K$i' f VnK ;w/ s gfjok d/ ;edh j? <
T[ ^ so L f;Z y ofjs wfo:kdk ftZ u fJ; ;z p z X ftZ u @r[ o d[ n ko/ # f;ob/ y sfjs ;gZ F N
jdkfJs j? fe @r[ o d[ n ko/ nz d o ikD bZ f rnK i' V / pkjo bkj e/ uoB X' e/ ;k\
;[ E ok j' e/ ikDk ukjhJ/ . # fJ; fB:w ftZ u fe;/ ~ e' J h S' N BjhI fdZ s h ik ;edh.
Gkt/ I T[ j nkw FoXkb{ j' t / iK ;oekoh w[ b k}w. r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp d/ ;fseko ns/
r[ o d[ n ko/ FoXkb{ n K bJh jB Bk fe g[ f b; d/ gfjok d/ D bJh. r[ o d[ n kok
nB[ F k;B ~ ekfJw oZ y Dk r[ o d[ n kok gq p z X e ew/ N h d/ nfXeko y/ s o ftZ u nkT[ I dk
j? , g[ f b; d/ y/ s o ftZ u BjhI.
85H gO F B L ;q h r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp d/ j[ e w (tke) s' I ;z r s dh gq t kBrh b? e/ , nodk; eoB s' I
pknd, eh pZ u / d/ Bkw ftu spdhbh ehsh ik ;edh j? <
T[ ^ so L BjhI ih, f;Z y ofjs wfo:kdk nB[ ; ko fJZ e tkoh ;z r s ftZ u Bkw oZ y D s' I pknd
Bkw ftZ u spdhbh BjhI j' ;edh ns/ Bk jh ;k~ n? ; k eoBk ukjhdk j? . i/ e o
n;hI n? ; k eod/ jK sK n;hI ;q h r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp d/ j[ e w, ;z r s ns/ nodk; dh
p/ n dph eoB d/ d' F h pD iKd/ jK.
86H gO F B L nkw eoe/ r[ o d[ n kok ;kfjp fty/ o[ w kfbnK dh frDsh pj[ s f}nkdk j' iKdh j? .
eJh fgz v K ftZ u fJE' I sZ e th B" p s nk iKdh j? fe wBw[ y rz q E h f;z x fJBQ K
o[ w kfbnK ~ t/ u fdz d / jB iK eZ g V/ ;tk b? I d/ jB. n;hI ew/ N h tZ b ' I ftuko eo oj/
jK i/ e o fgz v ftZ u fe;/ d/ xo ;fji gkm iK nyz v gkm j' t / sK xo tkb/ p}ko' I
BtK o[ w kbk yq h dD dh irQ k r[ o d[ n kok ;kfjp s' I jh e[ M fBFfus G/ N k d/ e/ o[ w kbk
b? b? D iK fJj fe o[ w kbk BtK jh yohfdnk ikt/ < fJ; gq s h s[ j kvh eh okJ/ j? <
T[ ^ so L nZ i ebQ fJZ e BjhI, nB/ e K r[ o d[ n kfonK ftZ u o[ w kfbnK dh pj[ s Ks j' rJh j? ns/
;KGD dh ;wZ f ;nk g? d k j' rJh j? ns/ eJh tko o[ w kb/ t/ u D dhnK xNBktK th
 ;kjwD/ nkT[ I dhnK jB. nfijk fJ; bJh j' fojk j? , feT[ I fe n;hI f;o\ d/ y k
d/ y h jh fpBK ;' u / ftuko/ ohshnK ngDkJh iKd/ jK, fit/ I r[ o pkDh c[ o wkD j? -
#d/ y k d/ y h ;G eo/ wBw[ f y p{ M B gkfJ|# id' I fe f;Z y ofjs wfo:kdk ftZ u
;gZ F N fBod/ F j? fe @G' r ;w/ I ;q h r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp dh b' V nB[ ; ko o[ w kb, u" o ,
ukBDh nkfd dh G/ N k ns/ gz E e ekoiK bJh :Ek-Fefs wkfJnk nodk; eokJh
ikt/ . # ofjs wfo:kdk d/ fJ; c[ o wkD tZ b fXnkB Bk d/ D ekoB d/ y k d/ y h e/ t b
o[ w kbk G/ N eoBk jh o[ w kfbnK dh frDsh b' V ' I tZ X j' D dk ekoD pDdk j? . b' V j?
fe ;z r sK ~ fJ; gq s h ;[ u / s ehsk ikt/ fe G' r ;w/ I iK j' o Xkofwe ;wkrwK ;w/ I
d/ y h d/ y h o[ w kbk jh uVQ k T[ D dh gq u Z f bs ohsh dh irQ k r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp ns/
r[ o d[ n ko/ dh b' V ~ w[ Z y oZ y e/ t;s{ G/ N k ehsh ikJ/ . n? ; k Bk eoB eoe/ eJh
r[ o d[ n kfonK ftZ u o[ w kb/ sK pj[ s f}nkdk iwQ K j[ z d / jB, go ;[ Z y nk;D bJh :' r
eZ g Vk BjhI, ukBDh mhe BjhI, u" o dh jkbs mhe BjhI, fJfsnkfde rZ b K d/ y D ~
fwbdhnK jB, i' fe;/ soQ K th :' r BjhI jB. ;q h r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp ih dh G/ N k ehs/
o[ w kb/ d[ p kok uVQ k T[ D bJh ofjs wfo:kdk d/ j[ e w s' I gfjok fdz d / j' J / b' V tkbh
t;s{ } G/ N k eoB dh ohsh gq u Z f bs ehsh ikJ/ .
87H gO F B L nodk; eoB s' I pknd fejVk d' j ok gVQ B k ukjhdk j? <
T[ ^ so L nodk; eoB s' I pknd @nkfrnk GJh nekb eh# tkbk d' f jok @ytko j' f J ;G
fwb/ I r/ pu/ FoB i' j' f J|# sZ e gVQ B k ukjhdk j? , sK i' fJ; ;z p z X ftZ u gz E e
fJe;kosk ekfJw oj/ .
88H gO F B L r[ o d[ n kok ;kfjp dk Bkw fe; Bkw #s/ oZ f ynk ik ;edk j? <
T[ ^ so L r[ o d[ n kok ;kfjp dk Bkw fe;/ ftnesh iK fe;/ pokdoh d/ Bkw #s/ BjhI oZ f ynk
ik ;edk. eJh gq p z X e r[ o d[ n kfonK d/ Bkw fe;/ ftnesh d/ Bkw #s/ oZ y fdz d /
jB, eJh pokdohnK d/ Bkw s/ oZ y fdz d / jB fit/ I r[ o d[ n kok fwz N r[ w oh, r[ o d[ n kok
;or' X k pokdoh, r[ o d[ n kok g' m ' j ko, okwrVQ h nk r[ o d[ n kok nkfd, n? ; k eoBk
r[ o wfs nB[ e { b BjhI j? . feT[ I fe f;Z y Xow ftZ u iks gks s/ pokdoh bJh e' J h EK
BjhI. r[ o d[ n kok jo wB[ Z y wkso bJh ;KMk j? s/ @J/ e fgsk J/ e ; e/ jw pkfoe#
d/ f;XKs ~ fdq V eokT[ D bJh j? . sK fco fgz v K ftZ u r[ o d[ n kok oftdk;hnK,
r[ o d[ n kok iNK nkfd dk ty/ t K fet/ I gq t kB ehsk ik ;edk j? < n;b ftu
r[ o d[ n ko/ dk wz s t fBo' b r[ o wfs dk gq u ko eoBk j? . id' I ;z B 1873 ftu f;z x
;Gk bfjo uZ b h ;h sK ikfrq s h nkJh ;h s/ r[ o d[ n kfonK d/ Bkw f;z x ;Gk d/ Bkw
T[ g o oZ y / rJ/ ;B. fJ; s' I gq / o Dk b? e/ jo r[ o d[ n ko/ dk Bkw ;q h r[ o { f;z x ;Gk
Bkb Bro fJbke/ dk Bkw i' V e/ j' D k ukjhdk j? . fijV/ r[ o d[ n ko/ fJfsjk;e
BjhI, T[ j BK dk Bkw r[ o { ;kfjp d/ Bkw T[ g o oZ y Dk :' r BjhI j? .
89H gO F B L ;[ y nk;B ;w/ I d{ ; o/ n;EkB #s/ r[ o { roz E ;kfjp b? iKd/ ;w/ I fejV/ Fpd gVQ B /
ukjhd/ jB<
T[ ^ so L fiBQ K FpdK ftZ u r[ o { dh T[ ; sfs do;kJh rJh j' t / . fit/ I @fiE? ikfJ pj? w/ o k
;fsr[ o { ;' EkB[ ;[ j ktk okw oki/ # nkfd.
90H gO F B L r[ o d[ n ko/ ikD s' I gfjbK irQ k b' e g? o X' I d/ jB, eJh b' e T[ ; irQ k s' I gkDh ghId/
jB. eh fJ; soQ K eoBk :' r j? <
T[ ^ so L nz B Q h FoXk t; eJh b' e K ~ nfijk eod/ d/ f ynk iKdk j? . eJh fJj e[ M fJ; bJh
th eod/ jB fe r[ o f;Z y K dh uoB X{ V gq k gs eoe/ fBwq s k ftu ofj ;eD. r[ o wfs
ftu fiE/ FoXk dh b' V j? , T[ E / frnkB dh th T[ s Bh jh }o{ o s j? . r[ o f;Z y K dh
uoB X{ V j' D dk Gkt, r[ o f;Z y K gq s h fgnko s/ fBwq s k ~ XkoB eoB s' I j? . u[ p Z u /
ftubk gkDh e/ t b jZ E g? o ;k\ eoe/ T[ ^ ib/ eoB bJh jh j? . i/ i? B hnK ~
r[ o pkDh ftZ u e[ u hb ofjD s/ nbwb ykD s' I tofink frnk j? sK fco f;Z y K bJh
th fJj' T[ g d/ F j? . FoXk tZ ; nfijk eoB tkb/ r[ o f;Z y K ~ fgnko ;fseko Bkb
;wMkT[ D k ukjhdk j? sK fe T[ j r[ o pkDh nB[ ; ko uoB X' X' e/ ghD dk ;jh noE
;wM ;eD. r[ o pkDh gq u ko dh xkN ekoB jh eJh d/ j Xkoh r[ o { - vz w Q h nkgD/
u/ f bnK ~ g? o X' X' e/ fgnkJh ik oj/ jB.
91H gO F B L nodk; ftZ u f}eo nkT[ I dk j? @fiBQ K r[ o f;Z y K B/ g[ Z m hnK yZ b K b[ j kJhnK# eh yZ b
g[ Z m h T[ ^ so ;edh j? <
T[ ^ so L i/ gz E gq t kfDs @nodk;# f;Z y ofjs wfo:kdk ftu doi j? , T[ ; ftZ u @r[ o f;Z y K#
d/ uoyVhnK s/ uVQ / ikD# dk sK f}eo j? go g[ Z m hnK yZ b K b[ j kT[ D dk fpbe[ b
BjhI. wB[ Z y dh g[ Z m h yZ b BjhI T[ s o ;edh.
92H gO F B L eJh f;Z y efjz d / jB fe oks ~ ;[ y nk;B j' D s' I pknd pkpk ih (r[ o { roz E
;kfjp) ;" I rJ/ jB s/ nyz v gkm t/ b / pkpk ih ikrd/ ofjz d / jB. eh fJ; soQ K dh
;' u Dh mhe j? <
T[ ^ so L r[ o { rz q E ;kfjp ;kvk Fpd r[ o { j? . ;" D k ikrDk wB[ Z y h feq n ktK jB, i' ;oho (d/ j )
Bkb ;pz X oZ y dhnK jB. r[ o { dk Fpd (X[ o eh pkDh) wB[ Z i h ihtB dh nrtkJh
bJh j? . ;[ y nk;B eoBk e/ t b ;fseko ~ w[ Z y oZ y e/ jh j? . @Fpd r[ o { # T[ g o
;odh, rowh, ;" D k ikrDk nkfd jkbsK bkr{ BjhI j[ z d hnK.
93H gO F B L eh @;[ y wBh ;kfjp# dk gkm Fkw t/ b / th ehsk ik ;edk j? < s/ eh ;[ y wBh ;kfjp
s' I pknd @fEsh rT[ V h# dk e' J h ;b' e gVQ B k }o{ o h j? <
T[ ^ so L @f;Z y ofjs wfo:kdk# nB[ ; ko nz f wq s t/ b / fBsB/ w dhnK pkDhnK gVQ D dk ftXkB
j? , Fkw ~ @;' do[ ofjok;# s/ ;" D t/ b / @;' j bk# dh pkDh gVQ / ikD dk fB:w j? .
j' o pkDhnK fiz B hnK th fdb eo/ ;t/ o / , Fkwh, oks ~ iK id' I th ;wK fwb/ gVQ h nK
ik ;edhnK jB, e' J h o' e BjhI j? .
@;[ y wBh ;kfjp# dh pkDh nkgD/ nkg ftu fJe ;z g { o B pkDh j? . @fEsh rT[ V h#
d/ ;b' e K dk T[ ; Bkb e' J h ;z p z X BjhI. go i' ;[ y wBh ;kfjp d/ gkm s' I pknd
e' J h r[ o f;Z y ;[ s z s o o{ g ftZ u @fEsh rT[ V h# d/ ;b' e gVQ d k j? sK fJj T[ t / I jh j?
fit/ I fJe pkDh s' I pknd d{ i h pkDh dk gkm eoBk.
94H gO F B L HHHH r[ o d[ n kok ;kfjp fty/ ;q h r[ o { jfofeFB ;kfjp s/ r[ o { noiB d/ t ih d/ p[ Z s
pDkJ/ j' J / jB. eh fJj ;jh j? <
 T[ ^ so L ;k~ fJ; pko/ ikDekoh BjhI, go i/ nkg ih d/ efjD nB[ ; ko n? ; k j? sK fJj
fJe tZ v h Gkoh wBws j? , fik;~ o' f enk ikDk ukjhdk j? . f;Z y ofjs wfo:kdk
ftu r[ o d[ n ko/ d/ f;ob/ y j/ m fJT[ I fbfynk j' f Jnk j? L-
(e) HHHH r[ o d[ n kfonK ftZ u w{ o shnK (p[ Z s ) pDkDhnK iK oZ y DhnK, r[ o { ;kfjp iK
f;Z y p}[ o rK dhnK s;thoK nZ r / wZ E / N/ e D/ , fJj' fij/ eow wBws jB.
95H gO F B L f;Z y Xow nz d o i/ iks pokdoh fbyDh wBQ K j? sK fco iZ ; k f;z x okwrVQ h nk feT[ I
fbfynk iKdk j? < okwrVQ h nk Fpd iks pokdoh dk ;{ u e jh sK j? . ft;Eko ;fjs
dZ ; Dk ih<
T[ ^ so L okwrVQ h nk Fpd iks - pokdoh dk ;{ u e BjhI. fJj fJZ e gdth j? , i' ;q L iZ ; k
f;z x Jhu' f rbhJ/ s/ T[ ; d/ ;kEhnK ~ T[ ; ;w/ I fdZ s h rJh, id' I who wz ~ d/ j[ e w
Bkb ndhBk p/ r dh c" i (fi; ftZ u ;q L iZ ; k f;z x Jhu' f rbhJ/ dk c" i h d;sk th
Fkwb ;h) B/ nz f wq s ;o ftZ u f;Z y K d/ feb/ @okw-okT[ D h# ~ x/ o / ftZ u b? fbnk.
brGr uko wjhB/ dh brksko x/ o kpz d h ekoB nz d o okFB ysw j' D ns/ pkjo' I
wZ d d gj[ z u D dh nk; Bk ofjD s/ feb/ nz d ob/ f;Z y K B/ feb/ ftZ u ' I pkjo fBeb e/
d[ F wD Bkb bVQ k Jh bVB dk c? ; bk ehsk. f;Z y h dh nkB ns/ FkB d/ gq s hfpz p
fJe' - fJe feb/ ~ yso/ ftu ikD e/ ;q L iZ ; k f;z x nkgD/ ;kEhnK ;w/ s ndhBk p/ r
dh c" i dk ;kE SZ v e/ feb/ ftZ u ik tfVnk ns/ feb/ dh oZ f ynk dk Gko nkgD/
f;o #s/ u[ Z e fbnk. feb/ nz d ob/ f;Z y K d/ j" I ;b/ p[ b z d j' rJ/ . ;q L iZ ; k f;z x B/
nkgD/ n;o o;{ y Bkb dhtkB e" V k wb okjhI f;Z y K s/ bkj" o ;oeko ftZ u ;wM" s k
eotk e/ feb/ dk x/ o k u[ e tk fdZ s k. fJ; xNBk s' I pknd @okw-okT[ D h# dk Bkw
pdb e/ okwrVQ oZ y fdZ s k frnk. gz E dh nd[ Z s h ;/ t k ;w/ I f;o ehsh ;jkfJsk ns/
;wK g? D #s/ r[ o { gz E bJh fJsBh tZ v h e[ o pkBh eoB s/ ;q L iZ ; k f;z x ~ @okwrVQ #
dk feb/ d ko Ekfgnk frnk. fJ; ekoB ;q H iZ ; k f;z x ns/ T[ ; d/ ;kEh @okwrVQ h J/ #
dh gdth Bkb fBtki/ rJ/ . fw;bK d/ ;w/ I ;q H iZ ; k f;z x dk iEk @okwrVhnk
fw;b# d/ Bkw Bkb gq f ;Z X j' f Jnk.
96H gO F B L d;sko fez B h T[ w o d/ pZ u / ~ s/ fez B h bz p h ;ikT[ D h :' r j? <
T[ ^ so L id' I pZ u k d;sko ;z G kbD s/ :' r j' ikt/ s/ fiz B h bz p kJh dh T[ j ;z G kb ;e/ ,
;ikT[ D h :' r j? . S' N h T[ w o d/ pZ f unK ~ S' N h d;sko ;ikT[ D k :' r j? sK fe Bz r /
f;o Bk ofj ;eD. 9-10 ;kb dh T[ w o ftZ u pZ u k d;sko ;z G kbD :' r j' iKdk j? .
97H gO F B L w? I fJj ys o' I d/ j' J / fby fojk jK. w? I G? V h ;z r s ftu g? e/ e/ ; eNk fdZ s / ;B,
j[ D w/ o h nkswk w? ~ fXq e ko ojh j? s/ woB ~ fdb eodk j? . s[ ; hI dZ ; ' fi; Bkb
w/ o / e/ ; ibdh s' I ibdh bz p / j' ikD.
T[ ^ so L s[ ; hI rbsh eoe/ ;Z u / fdb' I gSsktk eo fbnk j? , j[ D s[ ; hI r[ o { xo ftu pyFD
:' r j' rJ/ j' . wB ftu' I fBok;sk eZ Y fdU. e/ ; K B/ e[ d osh s" o #s/ bz p / j' jh
ikDk j? . djhI Bkb e/ ; h fJFBkB eo' . ibdh bz p / j' ikDr/ . g" F fNe y[ o ke ykU,
;h; s/ d;sko ;ik e/ oZ y ' , ;Z u k gFukskg jh r[ o { dh pyfFF dh fBFkBh j? .
98H gO F B L eJh f;Z y jZ E ftu w[ z d oh fi; s/ > iK tkfjr[ o { fbfynk j[ z d k j? gkT[ I d/ jB go
T[ j BK jZ E K Bkb jh wz d / eow th eod/ jB<
T[ ^ so L ;fsBkw tkfjr[ o { ~ fjod/ s/ fbyDk j? sK fe gq G { dk G? s/ GT[ fjod/ ftu tZ ;
ikt/ , fi; Bkb wz d / eow j' jh Bk ;eD.
99H gO F B L pZ f unK Bkb rZ b pks gz i kph ftZ u eoBh ukjhdh j? . fJj f;Z y h ;fGnkuko j? . mhe
j? , go i/ e o fe;/ ~ gz i kph BjhI nkT[ I dh eh T[ j f;Z y BjhI<
itkp L i' f;Z y h n;{ b K nB[ ; ko ubdk j? s/ f;Z y ofjs wfo:kdk dk XkoBh j? , T[ j f;Z y
j? , go fJjBK n;{ b K s/ f;Z y ofjs wfo:kdk ftZ u fJe n;{ b fJj th j? fe
r[ o f;Z y ~ ukjhJ/ fe nkgDh ;z s kB ~ r[ o w[ y h nZ y o io{ o f;ykt/ feT[ I fe r[ o { rz q E
;kfjp dh pkDh s/ f;Z y fJfsjk; Bkb ;KM T[ s Bk fuo BjhI g? ;edh, fisBk fuo
r[ o w[ y h (gz i kph) BjhI nkT[ I dh. i/ pZ u / r[ o w[ y h BjhI ikDBr/ sK T[ j gkm fet/ I
eoBr/ . f;Z y fJfsjk; dh ikDekoh d/ fpBK e' J h f;Z y fet/ I ejk ;edk j? < wksk-
fgsk ~ ukjhdk j? fe T[ j pZ f unK ~ nkg gz i kph f;ykT[ D .
100H gO F B L eh fwose gq k Dh d/ ;z ; eko ;w/ I nodk; eoB tkb/ r[ o f;Z y dk e' J h B[ e ;kB j'
;edk j? < eh fJj }o{ o h j? fe e/ t b roz E h f;z x jh n? ; / ;w/ I nodk; eo/ < i/
fwose phwko j' e/ wfonk j' t / sK T[ ; fdB d[ Z X ghD s' I th wBQ K eoB tkbhnK
wksktK d/ doFB j' iKd/ jB. r[ o wfs dk okj dZ ; Dk ih.
itkp L B[ e ;kB j' D tkbh rZ b e/ t b tfjw j? . jo fJe f;Z y ~ fJj nfXeko j? fe T[ j
nodk; eo ;edk j? . fJj io{ o h BjhI fe T[ j nodk; e/ t b roz E h f;z x jh eo/ .
T[ ; fdB d[ Z X ghD Bkb th e[ Z M BjhI j[ z d k. fJj ;G tfjw Gow nBgVQ gq u koeK s/
nfrnkBh ;kX{ n K d/ c? b kJ/ j' J / jB sK fe tfjwK GowK ftu c;hnK wksktK T[ j BK
dh ;/ t k eodhnK ofjD s/ T[ j BK dk jbtk wz v k pDdk oj/ . r[ o pkDh gVQ B , ;wMD
s/ thukoB Bkb fjod/ ftZ u sZ s r[ o wfs dk gq e kF j[ z d k j? . s/ ;G tfjw Gow
ysw j' iKd/ jB.