TOUCH SCREEN TECHNOLOGY

A TECHNICAL SEMINAR
PRESENTED BY

M.V.S.S.PRADEEP
(07A91A0543)
 CONTENTS
1. Introduction
2. History
3. Technologies
4. Construction
5. Development
6. Ergonomics and usage
7. Comparison of touch screen technologies
8. Screen protectors
9. Conclusion
 1.Introduction
 A touch screen is an electronic visual display that can
detect the presence and location of a touch within the
display area.

 The term generally refers to touching the display of the

device with a finger or hand. Touch screens can also sense
other passive objects, such as a stylus.
 2.History
 In 1971, the first "Touch Sensor" was developed by
Doctor Sam Hurst while he was an instructor at the
University of Kentucky.

 In 1974, the first true touch screen incorporating a

transparent surface was developed by Sam Hurst and
Elographics.

 In 1977, Elographics developed and patented five-wire

resistive technology, the most popular touch screen
technology in use today.
 The HP-150 from 1983 was one of the world's earliest
commercial touch screen computer.

 Until recently, most consumer touch screens could only

sense one point of contact at a time, and few have had the
capability to sense how hard one is touching.

 Historically, the touch screen sensor and its

accompanying controller-based firmware have been made
available by a wide array of after-market system integrators,
and not by display, chip, or motherboard manufacturers.
 3.Technologies
There are a variety of Touch-screen technologies. Some of
them are,

1. Resistive
2. Surface acoustic wave
3. Capacitive
4. Infrared
5. Optical Imaging
6. Dispersive signal Technology
7. Acoustic pulse recognition
Resistive touch screen

Infrared touch screen

 4.Construction
There are several principal ways to build a touch screen.
there are typically four layers,

1. Top polyester layer coated with a transparent metallic

conductive coating on the bottom
2. Adhesive spacer
3. Glass layer coated with a transparent metallic conductive
coating on the top
4. Adhesive layer on the backside of the glass for mounting.
 5.Development
 Virtually all of the significant touch screen technology
patents were filed during the 1970s and 1980s and have
expired.

 The development of multipoint touch screens facilitated

the tracking of more than one finger on the screen.

 With the growing acceptance of many kinds of products

with an integral touch screen interface, the marginal cost of
touch screen technology is routinely absorbed into the
products that incorporate it and is effectively eliminated.
 6.Ergonomics and Usage
The different ergonomics due to usage of touch screens are,

1. Finger stress
2. Finger nail as stylus
3. Finger prints
4. Combined with hap tics
5. Gorilla arm
 7.Comparision of touch screen
technologies
We can compare different touch screen technologies based
on the following factors,
1. Durability
2. Stability
3. Transparency
4. Response time
5. Touch
6. Intense light resistant
7. Monitor option
8. Water proof
 Technology 4-Wire Resistive Surface Acoustic Wave 5-Wire Resistive Infrared Capacitive

Durability 3 year 5 Year 5 Year 5 Year 2 Year

Stability High Higher High High Ok

Transparency Bad Good Bad Good Ok

Installation Built-in/Onwall Built-in/Onwall Built-in/Onwall Onwall Built-in

Touch Anything Finger/Pen Anything Finger/Pen Conductive

Intense light-resistant Good Good Good Bad Bad

Response time <10ms 10ms <15ms <20ms <15ms

Following Speed Good Low Good Good Good

Excursion No Small Big Big Big

Monitor option CRT or LCD CRT or LCD CRT or LCD CRT or LCD CRT or LCD or LED

Waterproof Good Ok Good Ok Good

 8.Screen protectors
 Its very important to take protection on screens while
using touch screens.

 Some touch screens, primarily those employed in smart

phones, use transparent plastic protectors to prevent any
scratches that might be caused by day to day use from
becoming permanent.
 9.Conclusion
 This paper presents the importance, history, different
technologies and different aspects in using the touch
screens.

 Although touch screens provide a natural interface for

computer novices, they are unsatisfactory for most
applications because the finger is such a relatively large
object.
…THANK YOU…