 Pathophysiology

o A. schematic diagram

Modifiable factors:
 Inadequate access to toilet facilities
Non-modifiable factors:
 Avoidance of the urge to void
 AGE – UTI is a prevalent
 Urinary catheterization
disease among children
and elderly  Fistula between the intestine and
 SEX – it has a higher bladder
incidence rate with the  Inadequate fluid intake
female gender  Pregnancy, and DM

Bacterial invasion (i.e. E.coli)

Multiplication of the bacteria – causing

UTI in any part of the urinary tract

Interruption in the normal homeostatic

environment of the urinary tract

Immune response by the body (defense Increased

mechanism of the body to foreign bodies) WBC Change in urine
subsequent to color
pus formation
Cytokine and
prostaglandin release

Body induces the

action of the cytokines
and prostaglandins

A
 The body responds by Inflammation of the lining of Irritation of the lining of the
producing physiologic the urinary tract urinary tract
changes aimed at elevating
body temperature.
Narrowed urine passage
Urethritis Spasm of the
and dysuria bladder
Fever
Poor emptying of the
bladder
Urinary
incontinence
Frequent
urination and
urgency, and
nocturia