Smart Grid

&
Integration
of
Renewable Energy Resources
 What is Smart Grid ?

 The Smart Grid is a combination of hardware,

management and reporting software, built atop an
intelligent communications infrastructure.
 In the world of the Smart Grid, consumers and utility
companies alike have tools to manage, monitor and
respond to energy issues.
 The flow of electricity from utility to consumer
becomes a two-way conversation, saving
consumers money, energy, delivering more
transparency in terms of end-user use, and
reducing carbon emissions.
 What is Smart Grid ?
 Modernization of the electricity delivery system so
that it monitors, protects and automatically
optimizes the operation of its interconnected
elements – from the central and distributed
generator through the high-voltage network and
distribution system, to industrial users and
building automation systems, to energy storage
installations and to end-use consumers and their
thermostats, electric vehicles, appliances and
other household devices.

 The Smart Grid in large, sits at the intersection of

Energy, IT and Telecommunication Technologies.
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 Pillars of Smart Grid
 Transmission Optimization

 Demand Side Management

 Distribution Optimization

 Asset Optimization
5
Technology Integration & Grid Management

Need for development of Smart Grid having

features like-
 Phasor Measurement Technique
 Wide Area Measurement (WAM)
 Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS)
 Adoptive Islanding
 Self healing Grids
 Probabilistic and Dynamic Stability Assessment
 Distributed and autonomous Control
6
 Benefits of PMU

 Time synchronized sub-second data

 Dynamic behavior observing
 Directly provides the phase angles
(State Estimation to State Measurement)
 Improve post disturbance assessment
 High data rates and low latency due to
computation

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 SCADA Vs PMU

SCA
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milli E
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Network model
State Estimator

• Traditionally developed for • Made possible for all round

accommodating old development in technologies
information technology
regime (Slow
communication, data
without time stamp)
LD&C_SCADA
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Overview of Smart Grid

9
 Smart Grid in Power Sector
•Asset
Management
•HVDC and
UHVAC etc.

 Transmission
•Advance
Metering
Infrastructures
•Asset
 Distribution Management etc.

•Self Healing Grids

 System Operations •WAMS

•Adaptive Islanding
etc.
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Smart Grid
in
Distribution
 Smart Grid in Distribution

 Distribution Automization

 Demand Optimaization - Selective Load Control

 Operation –Islanding of Micro-grids

Distribution Automization/Optimization

 Managing Distribution Network Model

 Outage management and AMI Integration

 DMS & Advanced Switching Applications

 Integrated Voltage / VAR Control

 Demand Optimization

Demand Response – Utility

Demand Response – Consumer

Demand Response Management System

In Home Technology enabling

 Demand Optimization
 Smart Metering –
 Automatic, Time of Use, Consumer Communication &
Load Control

 Communications : Automated Metering Infrastructure

(AMI) – LAN, WAN, HAN

 DRMS (Demand Response Management)

 In Home enabling technology

– Demand in three category:
• Immediate, Deferrable, Storable
– Customer aggregation & De-aggregation required for
Peak shifting
Demand Optimization: Advanced Web Portal

 Energy Usage Information

 Utility Communication

 Consumer Enrollment in DR programs

 In Home Technology- Availability & Purchase ,

Device Provisioning
 Control Center with Service Oriented
Architecture (BUS)
 Having
– GIS (geo-spatial Information Systems),
– AMI,
– SAP (ERP),
– OMS (Outage management System),
– DMS (Distribution Management System),
– EMS (Energy Management System),
– DRMS (Demand Response management System).

 Model manager synchronizes GIS data with OMS,

DMS & EMS.
Expectation of Technology & Solution
Partners
 To associate and collaborate with Smart Grid players
in other parts of globe

 Develop local expertise to manufacture and provide

support services

 Development of CIM

 Application Development in India Power Sector

Context.
 Why Smart Grid?
 Integrate isolated technologies : Smart Grid
enables better energy management.
 Proactive management of electrical network
during emergency situations.
 Better demand supply / demand response
management.
 Better power quality
 Reduce carbon emissions.
 Increasing demand for energy : requires more
complex and critical solution with better energy
management
 Drivers of Smart Grid
 Increasing demand:
 High Aggregate Technical & Non Technical, Losses:18%-
62%
 Ageing assets…transformers, feeders etc.,
 Grid to carry more power: Need for, Reliability and greater
Security
 Billing and collections: Profitability of distribution
companies
 Energy mix: Need for Renewable to reduce carbon footprint
 Implementation leads to …..

 Deliver sustainable energy

 Increased efficiency
 Empower consumers
 Improve reliability
 Smart Grid
 New Technologies for…..

 Energy Storage to support a Resilient Smart Grid

(Comparing & evaluating cost competitiveness of:
Compressed air, pumped hydro, ultra capacitors, flywheels,
battery tech, fuel cells.)

 Smart Grid & Electric Vehicle Integration

(How can electric Vehicle optimize the use of renewable
energy resources, improve efficiency)
Wind Generation Potential
in
INDIA
Wind Power Potential

The wind power

potential on a national
level, base data
collected from 10
states considering only
1% of land availability,
is around 46,092 MW.

Wind Speed: 6.0 m/s

Wind Speed: 6.4 m/s

Wind Speed: 7.0 m/s

Wind Speed: 7.5 m/s

Wind Speed: 8.0m/s

 Estimated Wind Power Potential India
State Gross Potential
(MW)
Andhra Pradesh 9063
Gujrat 7362
Karnatka 7161
Kerala 1026
Madhya Pradesh 4978
Maharashtra 4519
Orissa 1520
Rajasthan 6672
Tamil nadu 4159
West Bengal 32
Total 46092
Map showing the solar radiation
across India
 Solar Power Potential
 If tropical India were to convert just 1% of the 5,000
trillion kilowatt-hour of solar radiation (or, simply,
sunlight) it receives a year into energy, the country will
have enough to meet its energy needs.

 In most parts of India, clear sunny weather is

experienced 250 to 300 days a year. The annual global
radiation varies from 1600 to 2200 kWh/sq.m. The
equivalent energy potential is about 6,000 million GWh
of energy per year.

 The highest annual global radiation is received in

Rajasthan and northern Gujarat.
 Challenges Faced by Smart Grid
 Present Infrastructure is inadequate and requires
augmentation to support the growth of Smart Grids.
 Most renewable resources are intermittent and can not
be relied on (in its present form)for secure energy supply
 Regulatory Policies to deal with consequences of Smart
Grid; like off peak, peak tariffs and other related matters.
 Grid Operation : Monitoring & control
30
 POWERGRID’s Initiative towards
Smart Grid
 Pilot Project in Northern Region

 Intelligent Monitoring & Control of the

Interconnected Electric Power Grid
Using Wide Area Measurements (WAM)
for Western Region
 NR Pilot Project
PMUs (Phasor Measurement Units ) with GPS system to
be installed at four substations of Northern Region and PDC
at NRLDC, Delhi.
(PMU Locations: Moga- 400 KV, Kanpur- 400 KV S/s,
Vindhyachal- HVDC, Dadri- HVDC )

To use Phasor Measurements data for better situational

awareness and technology evaluation using minimal
hardware & software

Use of existing fibre communication link

 Project implementation plan: 4 Month from date of award

 Status of Project

 The Project is awarded to M/s SEL on

11/01/10

 The completion is likely by May’2010

Intelligent Monitoring & Control of the
Interconnected Electric Power Grid Using
Wide Area Measurements (WAMs) for
Western Region
 Intelligent Monitoring & Control of WR Electric
Power Grid Using Wide Area Measurements (WAMs)

 The Project is approved by CSIR & Funded by CSIR

(Council of Scientific and Industrial Research) under New
Millennium India Technology Leadership Initiative
(NMITLI)

 Along with POWERGRID other members of the consortium

are:-
– TCS-Leader
– IIT Mumbai
– Tata Power Company Limited (Tata Power)
 Wide Area Measurements (WAM)
Project Highlights

 Project Duration – 3 Years

– Implementation Completion 2 Years and
testing in last one year.
 Integration of Renewables
 Net Zero – Energy / Water / Waste
 Green Community – Self Sufficient & Reliant
 Judicial Mix of various Technologies and Options for
different use
– Use or Supply
– Draw or Store
– Storage Options
 Type of Use
– Heating /Cooling
– Illumination / Ventilation
– Machine Operations
– Appliance Powering ( Computers / Printers / Copiers /
Faxes)
– Domestic Appliances
 Integration of Renewables
 Chioce of Current
– AC or Dc
– AC – DC
– DC – AC
– DC – DC
 Switches and Disconnectors
 Availability of Domestic DC Appliances - Power
Packs
 Connectivity to Grid – Size of Plant, Distance to
Consumers
 Control Strategy and Methodology – availability
of softwares