IC 8251:

{ }
DO-D7 TXD

CS TX RDY
Transmitter section
Bus Interface Section RD TX EMPTY

WR

}
RXD

8251 RXRDY Receiver section

}
RTS

CTS
RTS (Request To Send) Handshake control
DSR(Data Set Ready) DSR interface section
DTR(Data Terminal Ready) DTR

CTS(Clear To Send)

Bus Interface Section:

Bus interface section is used to connect 8251 to a microprocessor.

The Receiver Section:

The receiver section is responsible for reading the several bit stream of data at the RXD
(Receiver date) and converting it in to parallel form.

The Transmitter Section:

The transmitter section does the opposite of receiver section it receive parallel character
data from up and convert it to serial form.

Handshake Control Interface:

When the terminal want to send data to up it will issue a request at its RTS.the RTS of
the terminal is applied to the DSR(data set ready) impact of up. In this way it tells to up that the terminal want to
transmitt data to it when the up is ready to recive data it acknolowledge this fact to the terminal by attracting the
DTR (data terminal ready) the signal to returned to CTS (clear to send )input of 8251 ansd tells the USART to start
outputting data on TXD.
Simplex Communication:

Terminal Terminal
Transmit
1 2

Example:

• Commercial radio broadcast (not walkie-talkies, etc.)

• Television broadcast
• Keyboard to CPU communication
• Bluetooth

Half Duplex Communication:

Terminal Terminal
1
Transmit/Recive 2

Example:

• walkie-talki

• yahoo messenser

Full Duplex Communication:

Transmit
Terminal Terminal
1 2
Recive

Example:
• Telephone

• Mobile Phone