Genetics Test Review

•Know what meiosis is and how it is

related to genetics.
• Know who Mendel was and what
his contribution to genetic is. Be
very familiar with his experiments.
• Be able to define and explain the
vocabulary terms from the sections
we have covered in Chapter 16 and
17.
• Know the difference between
genes, alleles, and traits.
• Be able to explain how genes are
passed down.
• Understand Protein
synthesis, DNA bases and
base pairing, RNA bases
and base pairing, and the
roles and functions of
mRNA and tRNA.
• Be able to do autosomal and sex-linked Punnett squares.
• Know what “codominance” means and how it works.
• Know the difference between single gene traits, multiple alleles, and
polygenic traits (traits in which multiple genes are involved such as
height, skin color, etc)
• Be able to give the probability of specific genotypes in offspring given
the parents genotypes. Be able to give probabilities in percentage or
ratio form of phenotypes and/or genotypes.
• Know the genotypes for blood types and be able to predict blood types
using a Punnett square.
• Be able to read and interpret a pedigree. You should be able to give
possible genotypes for members depicted on a pedigree.
• Know how sex-linked and other genetic disorders are inherited. Be able
to give examples from the book.
• Know the stages and results of both mitosis and meiosis. How are
they the same? How are they different?
Practice
1. In humans, at the end of meiosis, there are __________ daughter cells, each with __________
chromosomes.
2. In humans, at the end of mitosis, there are __________ daughter cells, each with __________
chromosomes.
3. DNA replication occurs during what stage in both meiosis and mitosis?

4. If a unicorn has 88 chromosomes in a normal body cell, how many chromosomes would be in its sex
cells?
5. Venusians (that’s people from Venus) have 65 chromosomes in their gametes, how many
chromosomes are found in their body cells?

6. List the nitrogen bases DNA and RNA are made up of.

7. Based on the Punnett square to the right, what is the probability that the offspring will have the
dominant phenotype? ___________________% B=blue eyes; b = brown eyes

BB Bb

8. Will be a purebred?___________________%
Bb bb

9. The Martian gene for skin color (S) has two alleles, green and purple. Green is dominant. Show the
Punnett square cross for a heterozygous male Martian and a purple female.

10. In humans, at the end of meiosis, ________ (how many) daughter cells have been produced, each
having _________ (how many) chromosomes.

11. Any change that occurs in a gene or chromosome is called a _____________________.

12. The allele for the sickle-cell trait is (circle one) recessive dominant codominant

13. Hemophilia is caused by a (circle one) recessive dominant codominant allele on the X
chromosome.

14. If a woman is a carrier for hemophilia and she marries a man who is affected with hemophilia, what is the
probability that they will have a boy who will NOT be infected by this condition?

(Complete a Punnett Square) Answer: _____%

15. Joe Schmoe is heterozygous for B type blood. He knows his mom is type O blood, but is uncertain of his
dad’s blood type. What blood type(s) is NOT POSSIBLE for his dad? Circle all that apply.

Type A Type B Type AB Type O

16. Which of the following traits is controlled by multiple alleles? (Circle only one)

Straight hairline blood type widow’s peak smile dimples

17. A chart that tracks which members of a family have a particular trait is called a ___________.

18. Albinism is a recessive allele disorder that is not sex-linked. If a person who is a carrier for this trait marries a
homozygous dominant person, what is the probability of them having a child with the disorder?

(Complete a Punnett Square) Answer: ________%

19. If a person is homozygous for B type blood is crossed with a person who is O type blood, what is the
probability that they will have a child with O type blood? (You must show your work on a Punnett
Square)

Answer = ____________ %

Answer the questions about the Pedigree shown below:

20. How many children does the F1 generation have?

21. What is the term used to describe person # 4?

22. Is it possible for the F3 generation to have the

disease? SHOW PROOF.
Pedigree Practice
 
Draw a pedigree below the case study that shows all the family  Label the pedigree below with the genotypes of each family 
members.  Be sure to shade in the circles or squares to represent  member.  The trait being tracked is RECESSIVE but it is unknown 
the individuals who have the trait as well as any carriers.  Write the  whether it is sex‐linked or not. 
genotypes or possible genotypes and names of each family 
member on the pedigree. 

Case Study 1: Bam Bam and Pebbles

 
  • Bam Bam and Pebbles have a daughter named Ruby.   
  • Ruby has been diagnosed with hairy toe disease, a recessive 
  disorder. 
  • Bam Bam and Pebbles are both healthy. 
  • Pebble’s dad has hairy toe disease but her mom is healthy and 
  has no history of the disease in her family. 
  • Bam Bam’s parents are both healthy. 
  • Bam Bam’s brother, Granite, has hairy toe disease. 
 
Protein Synthesis:
 
Decode the message, making sure to fill in all the info for the mRNA and tRNA.

DNA Message:
 
ACG CTT GCG CTC CGG AAT TTT TAG GAC GAT CTC TCC TCG GAA TAG TTC AAA TAC TAT  
 
AAC TTT ACC TAT TGG GTG TCC TAA ACA CTT TTT GCA TAT AGG GGT TAC CTC TCG 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Complete the data tables below with information in Chapters 16 and 17 
 

HUMAN GENETICS 
Single Gene Traits  Multiple Gene Traits  Multiple Allele Traits  Sex‐Linked Traits  Codominant 
         
         
         
         
         
         
 
Word Bank – You may use words more than once, or not at all ☺ 
 
 skin color    hemophilia            eye color      widow’s peak   dimples 
 
height      blood type            hitchhikers thumb  tongue roller    hair color 
 
 
cleft in chin    attached/free earlobes      Red/Gr colorblindness   sickle cell    Down Syndrome 
 
 

HUMAN GENETIC DISORDERS 
Autosomal or   What are the 
Disorder  What causes it?  Is there a cure? 
Sex‐linked?  symptoms? 
       
Sickle Cell Anemia   
       
Down Syndrome   
       
Cystic Fibrosis   
       
Hemophilia