Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Cutting
by Brian Boswell
Infrared Picture Showing Tool Tip
Temperature
Cutting Fluids
There are two main functions of cutting
fluid while machining, these are:
1. To remove heat generated in the cutting
and so limit the rise of temperature at the
tool cutting edge.
2. To lubricate the area of contact between
the tool rake face and the chip reducing
friction.
The Goal of Using Cutting Fluid:
250
Tool temperature ( C)
o
200 dry
150 wet
100
50
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Time (s)
Example of Heat Disposal From
Cutting Tool
• The power required to cut a material under certain
conditions is 1.97 W/mm3/s. A cut of 6.4 mm
deep, with a feed rate of 0.25 mm/rev at a cutting
speed of 25 m/min. The work is cooled by a flow
of 2.3 litres per min of coolant, specific heat
capacity 3.56 kJ/kg0C, which conducts away
approximately 90 of the heat produced. The
mass of 1 litre of coolant is 0.92 kg.
• Determine the rise in the temperature of the
coolant due to this cut.
• Volume of metal removed per second = 0.25 x 6.4 x 25 x
1000 / 60
= 667 mm3
• Power consumed in cutting = 667 x 1.97 = 1.3 kW
• Heat produced per min = 1.3 x 60 = 78 kW
• Weight of coolant supplied per min = 2.3 x 0.92
= 2.12 kg
• Temperature rise = 78 x 0.9 / 3.56 x 2.12 = 9.3 oC
m c Tc Pi m h Th Pi
S C
p ln R ln C
p ln R ln
m i Ti Pc m i Ti Ph
H c
COP
W
Tool tip temperature before
machining has commenced
Ch13 Ch14 Ch15 Cold nozzle teemp.
30
20
Tool tip temperature ( C)
o
10
0
0 10 20 30 40
-10
-20
-30
-40
Time (s)
Tool tip temperature during
machining
The Advantages Of Air Cooling
During Cutting
• Reduced tool temperature during machining
below that achieved by liquid coolant
• No environmental damage
Top rake face after 7 minutes machining
at a cutting speed of 190 m/min