Waste

&
I
This booklet is part of a Series of 6 Booklets on
Environmental Sustainability with a special focus
on Climate Change. Each booklet aims to motivate
individuals to take action to mitigate global warming
by providing basic information in an easy to under-
stand manner.
Waste
&
I
Copyright © 2008
Centre for Environmental Research and Education (CERE)

ISBN 978-81-901929-9-6

PUBLISHER - Centre for Environmental Research

and Education (CERE)

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be

copied, transmitted or reproduced in a retrieval
system in any form or by any means without prior
permission of the Publisher.

This booklet is printed using environmentally-friendly

materials. The inks used are vegetable oil-based inks and
the paper is wood-free and chlorine-free.
 MY RELATIONSHIP
WITH WASTE

I consume natural resources and

create waste every single day
of my life.

The more I consume, the more I need

and the more waste I generate.

3
I consume resources...

Canned Packaging
Food
drinks & plastic

Electronic Styrofoam/
items Thermocol

Rubber
Paper (tyres etc)
products Clothes
DID YOU

KNOW...
All these products come from a
limited store of natural
resources found on Earth.

4
 ...I produce waste!

Packaging
waste
Empty Kitchen
cans waste

Styrofoam
Electronic waste
waste

Waste
Waste Waste rags rubber
paper

On an average, each individual produces 500g T

of waste every day. Urban India produces FAC
1,20,000 tonnes of waste each day;
Delhi: 7,405 tonnes, Mumbai: 7,025 tonnes,
Chennai: 3,500 tonnes, Kolkata: 3,200 tonnes.

5
 WHERE DOES
MY WASTE GO?

Waste, garbage, rubbish, trash, kachra,

kudda is here to stay and everywhere.

Throwing out garbage, taking waste to a

dumpsite, burning rubbish, tossing trash
into creeks and water bodies, burying
kachra under the land - try as we might, we
can never make it disappear. We may throw
it away but there is NO AWAY and the
waste just goes somewhere else.

The time waste takes to degrade:

Vegetables/fruits: 2 - 3 weeks
Paper bag: 1 month
Wood: 10 - 15 years FAC
Aluminium: 200 - 300 years
T
Plastic bags: 300 - 400 years
Thermocol, glass: Never

6
 Life Cycle of Waste

Pollution,
Resource Loss
Left in dumpsite

g Resources Co
lin n
c

su
cy

mp
Re

Rag

tio n
pick
ers

Dumpsite Waste
I r r e s p onsible dis

Muncipal
Collection
posal

Environmental
Pollution

7
 Most urban household waste reaches
either a dumpsite or a landfill.
Dumpsite: It is an area where waste is
thrown untreated. Most dumpsites in India
are well beyond their holding capacities and
mountains of waste can be seen. The waste
from these dumpsites easily contaminates
the immediate soil and also leaches
hazardous chemicals into the surrounding
surface and ground water. These sites are
also easily accessible to birds, rats and other
vectors which may spread disease. Since the
waste is dumped in layers, it gets isolated
from air and does not decompose quickly.

8
Landfill: A more sustainable and hygienic
alternative to dumpsites are well-constructed
landfills that are lined with a synthetic
geo-textile or a layer of clay that prevents
the waste from coming in contact with the
underlying soil. In such landfills the toxic
chemicals and liquid wastes are drained
away and treated, and methane gas which is
released from most landfills is collected and
used to generate energy instead of being
allowed to escape into the air.

9
 WASTE ACCUMULATES
& IS SOON EVERYWHERE
We are generating large amounts of waste
and it keeps accumulating over the years,
polluting every part of our environment
including our land, air and seas.

Air Pollution: Waste

particles in the form of carbon
and heavy metal dust are in
the air we breathe. This is due
to burning of garbage and
excessive use of chemical
sprays, which include lead-
based paints in car garages
and insecticide / pesticide
solutions.
DID YOU

KNOW...
Incineration of waste releases dioxins, which
cause cancer, neurological damage and disrupt the
reproductive, thyroid and respiratory systems.
Air pollution killed 72,000 persons across
36 Indian cities in 2005 - a 38% increase
from the 1990s.

10
 Water Pollution: Today
every sea, river, lake,
creek, pond and water
body in India is polluted
with waste. Several
tonnes of untreated
sewage waste, muncipal solid waste,
construction debris and toxic industrial
wastes are pumped into our water ways
everyday. This affects the overall health of the
environment, while killing and harming
many marine organisms.
Melbourne Zoo

Humans are also affected

as water pollution helps
spread many diseases
including jaundice,
typhoid and cholera.
DID YOU

KNOW...
There are over 46,000 pieces of plastic litter
floating on every square mile of ocean
today, which kills about 1,00,000 marine
mammals and turtles every year.

11
 Land Pollution:
Waste covers vast areas of
our urban and rural land. It
is on our roads, along our
railway lines and even
around our homes, schools
and offices. This waste
remains in the land for a
long time, contaminating
the soil and ground water.

Today, heaps of waste are

scattered even on the FACT
highest slopes of Mt.
Everest and in the sacred
Ganga and Yamuna rivers.
DID YOU

KNOW...
Around 4.5 trillion cigarette butts or 76,54,37,124
kg of cigarette filter, are littered every year around
the world. That is more than 8,40,000 tonnes of
litter containing potent carcinogens and
poisonous chemicals of which some 1,52,000
tonnes will be washed into our waterways.

12
 OTHER TYPES OF WASTE
There are many other types of waste that
growing megapolis cities, like Mumbai,
Delhi, Bangalore and many more, generate
in large quantities.

Palm Beach Reef Rescue/Marine Photobank

Sewage: is liquid waste
from households and
industries. It includes
faecal matter, washing
water, chemicals and
everything flushed into
drains.

Most of Mumbai’s
sewage is pumped
directly into the sea
without treatment.
DID YOU

KNOW...
India’s sewage treatment plants treat only
13.5% of the country’s sewage. As a result,
India’s 14 major, 55 minor and several hundred
small rivers receive millions of litres of sewage,
industrial and agricultural wastes.

13
Hazardous Waste: includes
chemicals such as household
toilet cleaners, aerosols like
spray paints, pesticides like
cockroach repellents and
any chemical that is harmful
to humans or the environment. Hazardous
wastes poison the environment where they are
disposed. Exposure to it has been known to
cause chronic diseases, including cancers and
respiratory illnesses.

Hazardous Waste needs

specialised disposal and
cannot just be mixed with
household waste in a
garbage bin.

Hazardous waste also includes

automotive fluids, beauty FACT
products (like nail polish
remover), garden care products
and mercury-based items such
as thermometers and tubelights.

14
 Biomedical Waste: is infectious
waste generated from healthcare
establishments like hospitals and
diagnostic centres. Small
quantities are also generated in
our homes in the form of tablet
strips, medicine bottles, and
soiled bandages. Most of the
city’s biomedical waste is mixed
with household waste and ends
up in our dumpsites.
E-Waste or Electronic Waste: is
made up of electronic machines,
goods and appliances. They
contain metals like mercury, lead
and arsenic that are very harmful
to humans. Most E-waste ends up
in dumpsites after recyclers or
ragpickers have stripped off the
recyclable plastic casing.
DID YOU

KNOW...
About 30,000 litres of water is needed to make
just one computer and all its components!

15
 HOW DOES WASTE
AFFECT ME?
Land, water, air and visual pollution:
Waste pollutes our water ways, the air we
breathe and the land on which we grow crops.
Diseases: Waste creates breeding grounds
for rats, mice, fleas and spreads diseases like
jaundice, cholera, plague, asthma and many
more.
Floods: Waste clogs our drainage systems
and rivers and does not allow rainwater to
flow into the sea, causing floods.
Wastage of Resources: All materials come
from natural resources. Paper comes from
trees, metals and glass come from mineral ores
and plastic comes from petroleum extracts.
When we throw things away, we are really
throwing away precious natural resources that
are mined from the Earth. Consequently, more
energy is spent to manufacture the resources
again when it could have been recovered from
the waste through recycling.
16
 WASTE AND
CLIMATE CHANGE
Dumpsites release a cocktail of toxic gases
like carbon dioxide, sulphur oxides and
methane for many years as the waste slowly
degenerates. These greenhouse gases
(GHGs) contribute significantly towards
global warming that drives climate change.

FA
For every tonne of C T
paper recycled, we
save 17 trees and
2,250 litres of oil.
DID YOU

KNOW...
Recycling of paper produces the greatest overall
reduction in the emission of greenhouse
gases, which trigger global warming. This is
because decomposing matter in landfills
causes the emission of methane gas, which is
a major greenhouse gas.

17
 WHAT CAN I DO
ABOUT WASTE?

Yes, waste is a problem facing everyone.

However, there are many solutions,
several of which can be practised at home
or in the office.

18
 I can segregate waste: Waste is made of
wet or organic waste and dry or inorganic
waste that must be separated. Everyone loses
when we mix our dry and wet waste. The dry
waste gets soiled by the wet waste and
cannot be recycled. Similarly, the wet
organic waste cannot be composted once it
gets mixed with the inorganic dry waste.
Thus, it is crucial that we segregate our
waste.

WASTE

Dry or Wet or
inorganic organic
waste for waste for
recycling composting

19
 DRY
cardboard
books & magazines
paper
glass bottles
aluminium foil
cans & tins
plastic products
clothes/rags

Clean dry waste: It is important that we clean

our dry waste before disposing it. Ensure that
there are no food particles left in packaging
materials, including milk bags and Tetra Paks.
This ensures that the dry waste can be
recycled with no loss of quality.
Sell dry waste for recycling: Sell your
recyclable waste to your local raddiwala or
kabadiwala, who in turn sells our waste to
large recycling factories across India. Not only
do you get money for it, but it also ensures that
the material gets recycled and re-used.
DID YOU

KNOW...
The waste recycling industry has an
annual turnover in excess of Rs. 900 crores.

20
 WET
fallen leaves
vegetables peels
fruit peels
floor waste
hair
wood shavings
ash
meat/bones

Clean wet waste: It’s important that no

inorganic material contaminates our wet
waste, whether or not it is composted.
Compost wet waste: It is a natural process in
which micro-organisms like fungi and
bacteria convert degradable organic waste
into compost. We can all develop a compost
pit in our building compounds - in fact,
municipal corporations are actively
encouraging it. Vermicomposting is one
method of composting where earthworms are
added to the organic matter.
DID YOU

KNOW...
About 40% to 62% of India’s waste is
biodegradable or compostible wet waste.

21
 I can be a responsible consumer: Another
practical step that we can take is to be a
responsible consumer by reducing the
amount of waste we produce. Buy products
such as household provisions like rice, wheat,
sugar, pulses, biscuits, tea, coffee, soaps and
washing powders in bulk, which come with
less packaging. This will help pressurise
companies to reduce packaging material and
use more environmentally friendly packaging
as per consumer demand.

According to the Central

Pollution Control Board
packaging material
constitutes 52% of plastic
consumption. FACT

22
 I can reduce the use of plastic bags:
Plastic is a petroleum by-product that does
not degrade and remains in the environment
forever. Therefore, it is vital to reduce the
amount of plastic carry
bags each of us use and if
possible, refuse to use it
all together. Use cloth
bags instead, which are
easily available in the
market or can be made from old clothes, can
be repaired and are biodegradable. Many hill
stations, pilgrimage sites, national parks and
towns in India have become ‘Plastic Carry
Bag Free Zones’.

BRain TEASE S
R

Pick the least recyclable material:

Plastic Glass Metal

be recycled over and over without loss of quality

times, at most 4 to 5 times, while glass and metal can
Plastic can be recycled only a limited number of

23
REDUCE WASTE QUANTITY
The waste that we generate can be lowered
by the waste mantra of the 4 R’s namely,
Reduce, Reuse, Repair and Recycle.

Reduce the use of plastics, insecticide and

pesticide sprays, canned foods and
electronic items.

Reuse paper, plastic, glass and cloth

products as many times as possible before
selling it for recycling. This will optimise the
use of available resources before they are
recycled and keep them away from dumpsites.

Dumpsites in Mumbai
cover an area of 318.77
hectares of land with the
FACT largest being Deonar
covering 132 hectares.

24
 Repair mechanical, electrical and
electronic goods like toasters, irons,
television sets, radios, music systems,
computers, microwave ovens and washing
machines. We need to become a less
consumer-oriented market that buys and
throws as per changing fashion trends.

Recycle newspapers, writing paper,

envelopes, books, magazines, cardboard boxes,
glass bottles, metallic cans and tins,
aluminium foil, plastic containers and Tetra
Paks.

If our dry waste is managed by the 4 R's and

our wet waste composted, each of us will
have reduced our waste quantity drastically
and our Zero Waste Goal will be
achieveable. If every person does this, the
municipal corporations will no longer need
huge dumpsites and valuable resources will
be saved!

25
 Waste Champions

Ragpickers form
the backbone of
the informal
recycling sector
in India and they
handle between
9% to 15% of
the solid waste. Ragpickers work several
hours a day collecting recyclable material
from dumpsites and along roads and railway
lines. The collected waste is then sold to
small-scale raddiwalas or kabadiwalas who
in turn sell to bigger junk dealers. Finally, it
ends up at recycling factories.

Scavenging through garbage is a risky

business. Ragpickers often get cuts, allergies,
dog-bites and diseases. They face
stigmatisation and discrimination from
society but continue providing invaluable
service in the waste sector.

26
 BECOME A
PROACTIVE CITIZEN
Learn more about waste and spread
awareness on waste issues in your
residential building, locality and among
friends and family. Work with others in your
locality to form an Advanced Locality
Management (ALM) group to ensure...

...each building in the area is given information

on waste management for its flat owners.
…every building in the locality should make
it compulsory for its members to segregate
their waste everyday.
...wet waste is composted in a common pit.
...dry waste is either sold or disposed off
during municipal waste collection.
...streets are kept clean and green.
...coordination with the municipality on
civic matters pertaining to your locality.

27
28
 DON’T LITTER OR SPOIL
PUBLIC PROPERTY
In India, we have little respect for public
property and throw waste on the road, use
street corners as open toilets and scribble
graffiti on historic monuments. Do not
throw waste on streets or outside the
window. If waste is littered in the street, it
will invariably end up in our drainage
system or in our waterways. It takes a
little effort but we must carry our waste to a
waste bin from where it will be properly
disposed - recycled (if it is dry waste) or
composted (if it is wet waste).
DID YOU

KNOW...
Spoiling public property is an offence by law
with heavy fines and penalties. The fines
imposed as per the BMC Bye-laws (2006) for
some common offences are as follows -
(a) littering = Rs. 200/-, (b) spitting = Rs. 200/-,
(c) urinating or defecating = Rs. 200/-,
(d) washing vehicles = Rs. 1,000/-,
(e) burning of waste = Rs. 100/- and
(f) throwing debris on roads = Rs. 20,000/-.

29
HELP YOUR MUNCIPALITY
ENFORCE ITS WASTE
MANAGEMENT LAWS
The Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation
(BMC) has laid down strict laws pertaining to
waste management. As responsible citizens,
we can help the BMC enforce these laws and
implement a more effective waste
management system to improve our own
locality and city. More and more cities across
India are following Mumbai in enforcing
strict waste management laws.

BMC spends more than Rs. 450

crores annually and hires 1 lakh
people to handle the city’s
waste. There are also more than
4 lakh ragpickers in the city
scavenging for dry waste. FACT

NOTE: Neither all this money nor this army of people

are able to manage the mountains of waste we
produce. Each of us has an important role to play!

30
 SHIFT DOWN

This newly emerging term refers to becoming

more resource literate and attaching a
greater value to nature, time and quality,
instead of focussing on consumerism and
environmentally-unsustainable lifestyles. It
encourages us to become conscious of the
impact our consumption patterns are having
on nature and the world we are leaving behind
to our future generations.

31
 A BUSINESS IN WASTE
Take your pick of jewellery, bags or furniture
all made from waste !

Jewellery and bags all made

with waste juice cartons by
a women’s cooperative in
the Phillipines.
(http://www.doybags.com)

Fancy interlocking pavers and

bricks for your garden all made
with construction waste or debris.
(http://cidcoyuvabuildingcentre.org)

32
In the slums of Delhi, ragpickers
collect discarded plastic and
recycle them into trendy bags
and accessories made from
pressed plastic bags.
(http://www.ragbag.nl)

Doors, furniture and cabins are

all made from recycled Tetra
Paks.
(http://www.ecolinkindia.com)

33
BUY RECYCLED PRODUCTS
- HELP CREATE A DEMAND!
Make a conscious decision to buy products
made from recycled materials. This helps
create a market demand for recycled
products and encourages recycling of waste.

Some recycled products currently available:

Recycled paper products like writing
pads, note books, brown paper carry bags,
envelopes etc.

Buy chipboards, bags and jewellery made

from recycled materials.

Bajaj Automobile has

FA replaced plywood as a base
C T
for their seats in all
scooters and autorickshaws
with chipboards made from
recycled Tetra Paks.

34
 HANDY TIPS

This section has some down-to-earth and

practical tips to manage ‘waste’ that each of
us can easily adopt in our everyday lives.

35
 AT HOME IN THE KITCHEN
Participate in your local recycling program.
Place kitchen scraps in a compost pile.
Use cloth napkins instead of paper napkins.
If you use paper napkins, compost them.
Use reusable plates and utensils instead
of disposable ones made of thermocol.
Use reusable containers to store food
instead of aluminum foil and cling wrap.
Reduce your use of household
products that are hazardous or toxic.

ELSEWHERE IN YOUR HOME

Install water-saving devices, which are
easily available in stores, on your
showers, faucets and toilets.
Turn off the tap while brushing your teeth.
Use rechargeable batteries.
Reuse packaging cartons and shipping
materials. Old newspapers also make
excellent packaging materials.
Reduce the amount of unsolicited mail
you receive.
36
 WHEN SHOPPING
Carry your own cloth bag instead of
using a paper or plastic bag.
If you buy only one or two items, tell the
cashier that you don't need a bag.
Purchase products in bulk.
Buy items like liquid washing detergent
and fruit juices in concentrate form.
Avoid products with several layers of
packaging when only one is sufficient.
About 33% of our waste is packaging.
Avoid disposable products. Buy products
that have a longer life or can be reused
over and over again.
Here is a list of recycled content products
you can buy for your school or office:
(a) Copier and printer paper
(b) Legal pads, notepads, envelopes
(c) Pencils, pens, rulers
(d) Transparencies
(e) Remanufactured toner cartridges
(f) Bulletin boards
(g) Remanufactured office furniture
(h) Rechargeable Ni-Cd batteries
37
 WHEN TRAVELLING
Walk or ride a bicycle whenever possible.
Keep your car tuned and check the air in
your tyres for better fuel efficiency.
Car pool whenever possible. It helps
keep the air clean by reducing emissions.
Use public transport whenever possible.
Use litter and recycling bags in your car.
Recycle your used oil, filter, motor oil
bottles, tyres and car batteries.

SUCCESS STORY
Maharashtra Nature Park
in Dharavi, Mumbai used
to be a garbage dump a
few years back. Thanks to
the dedication and belief of
a few people, it is today a
world famous nature park. It is a good example
of how nature can recover, if given a chance. It
is no longer smelly and dirty. In fact, it is now
home to 38 species of butterflies and more than
80 species of birds. There are more than 200
tree species in the park, many of which were
planted naturally by birds and insects.

38
 AT SCHOOL & WORK
Copy and print on both sides of the paper.
Reuse items like envelopes, folders and
paper clips.
Use mailer sheets for inter-office mail
instead of an envelope.
Use a bulletin board for memos instead of
sending a copy to each employee.
Use e-mail instead of paper correspondence.
Ensure all electrical equipment is shut
off in the evening to save energy.
Encourage your school/company to use
recycled paper.
Encourage your school/company to have
documents printed using soy-based inks,
which are less toxic. If you have a print
shop, ask them to make this an option.
Make use of discarded paper by using it
as rough paper.
Set up a school or office recycling program.

39
 WHEN ON VACATION
When staying in hotels insist that your bed
sheets and towels are not changed everyday.
The same goes for all toiletry items.
In hotels, if you do open the little shampoo
or conditioner bottles, keep them in your
travel kit for future use.
Encourage the hotel to set up a recycling
program. Tell them you would like to see it
the next time you stay with them.

SUCCESS STORY
Fifty years ago, Nek
Chand, a transport officer
in Chandigarh decided to
do something about the
garbage he saw around
him. He cleared a small
patch to make a small garden. He then picked
up waste material and used it to make figures of
human beings and animals. When government
officials discovered the garden, they rewarded
Nek Chand for helping Chandigarh by recycling
and reusing their waste. Thus was born the
famous Rock Garden of Chandigarh.

40
 SUMMARY OF WASTE LAWS
The Greater Mumbai Cleanliness and Sanitation
Bye-Laws came into effect from 12 December 2007.

Schedule I (Schedule of Fines)

Bye-law 4.1: Littering, Creating Nuisance and Clean Aangan

Bye-law Description Fine

1 No. 4.1 Littering on roads/streets Rs. 200
to 4.4
2 No. 4.5 Spitting Rs. 200
3 Creating Bathing Nuisance Rs. 100
4 Urinating Rs. 200
5 Defecating Rs. 100
6 Feeding animals/birds in Rs. 500
non-designated areas
7 Washing vehicles Rs. 1,000
8 Washing utensils / clothes /
any other object
9 No. 4.6 For not maintaining Clean Aangan:
(a) for owners / occupiers of
single premises Rs. 1,000
(b) for others Rs. 10,000

41
Bye-law 5: Segregation, Storage, Delivery and Collection

Bye-law Description Fine

10 No. 5.1 For delivering waste that is not
& 5.2 segregated and stored as specified
in separate bins
(a) individual Rs. 100
(b) bulk generator Rs. 500
11 No. 5.3 For not delivering
bio-degradable waste in a
segregated manner as specified Rs. 100
12 No. 5.5 (a) For not delivering individual
specified hazardous waste in a
segregated manner as specified Rs. 1,000
(b) For not delivering bulk
specified hazardous waste in a
segregated manner as specified Rs. 10,000
13 No. 5.6 For not delivering biomedical
waste in a segregated manner
as specified Rs. 20,000
14 No. 5.7 For not delivering construction /
demolition waste in a segregated
manner as specified Rs. 20,000
15 No. 5.8 For not delivering dry waste
in a segregated manner as
specified Rs. 100
16 No. 5.9 For not delivering garden waste
and tree trimmings as specified Rs. 100
17 No. 5.10 For disposal of waste by
burning Rs. 100

42
 Bye-law 7: Specific categories / Situations

Bye-law Description Fine

18 No. 7.2 For not delivering
(non-household) fish, poultry
and meat waste in a segregated
manner as specified Rs. 1,000
19 No. 7.3 (a) For a vendor/ hawker
without a container/waste basket Rs. 500
(b) For a vendor / hawker who
does not deliver waste in a
segregated manner as specified Rs. 500
20 No. 7.4 For not keeping a house
gully clean Rs. 200
21 No. 7.5 For littering by pet / owned
animal Rs. 500
22 No. 7.6 For not cleaning up after public Forfeiture
public events within 4 hours of cleanli-
ness deposit
23 No. 7.8 Uncleanliness due to car/
vehicles parked on the road at
the sweeping time Rs. 500
24 No. 7.10 Sticking of posters, banners
and hoardings Rs. 500 to
Rs. 5,000

43
 IMPORTANT RESOURCES

WEBSITES:
http://www.chintan-india.org
An informative website that focuses on sustainable
consumption and environmental, social justice and waste
management.

http://www.almitrapatel.com
A website dedicated to solid waste management across
India.

http://www.exnorainternational.org
It focusses on achieving environmental sustainability by
mobilising and empowering communities.

http://toxicslink.org
It focusses on collecting and sharing information on the
sources and dangers of poisons in the environment.

http://www.foe.co.uk/campaigns/waste
This website focusses on recycling and waste reduction
as viable strategies to manage waste.

http://www.cleanindia.org
This website focusses on the various issues of waste
management and covers several strategies to address them.

44
 IMPORTANT RESOURCES
ORGANISATIONS:
Solid Waste Mgt: National Solid Waste Association of India
Tel: +91-22-29251088 / 29251088
E-mail: nswai@envis.nic.in
Website: http://www.nswai.com

Plastic Recycling: Indian Centre for Plastics in the Environment

Tel : +91-22-2282 0451, Fax: 22641468
Email: icpe@vsnl.net
Website: http://www.icpenviro.org, www.envis-icpe.com

Composting: FORCE
Tel: +91-22-25546172 / 30931656
Email: poonam_rh@rediffmail.com

Ragpickers Association: Stree Mukti Sanghatana (SMS)

Tel: 9820224529 / 9867724529
Website: http://www.streemuktisanghatana.org

Recycled Chipboards: Deluxe Recycling India Pvt Ltd

Tel: +91-22-2201 8595, 2201 8291
Website: http://www.ecolinkindia.com

For information, contact:

Centre for Environmental Research and Education
Email: cere_india@yahoo.co.in
Website: www.cere-india.org

45
This Series of 6 Information Booklets on
Environmental Sustainability includes the titles:

Waste & I
Water & I
Energy & I
Biodiversity & I
Citizenship & I
Climate Change & I

The Centre for Environmental Research and

Education (CERE) is a Mumbai-based non-profit
organisation that works to promote environmental
sustainability.
 REDUCE
REUSE
RECYCLE
REPAIR
RETHINK

Waste

ISBN 978-81-901929-9-6

PRICE Rs. 50/-

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