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Differences between Needham’s 5-phase and 5e’s

Apsects Needham’s 5 E’s


Proposed by Richard Needham (1987) Roger Bybee (1989)

Teaching and Teacher–student centered Student-centered


Learning Activities  Teacher will facilitates and  Students will involve
encourages students to actively in learning
participate in learning activities with little
activity. guidance from the
 Teacher must prepare an teacher.
interactive learning so that  Students are doing
students can interact with the inquiry-based
others and conversation learning activity and
occurs among themselves exhibit curiosity
(questioning
techniques)

Teacher’s role  Engage learners in the  Observer


discovery of knowledge  Act as Facilitators
and provide them that give open-ended
opportunities to reflect their question and
own perspective based on encourage students
their experiences to investigate and
find the solution to
solve the problems

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