FIGURE INDEX

Figure Number
Figure 1: Figure 2: Figure 3: Figure 4: Figure 5 Figure 6: Figure 7: Figure 8: Figure 9: Modes of an antenna Radiation pattern of a generic directional antenna HPBW pattern Measuring bandwidth from plot of reflection co-efficient A linearly (vertically) polarized wave Circular polarization Vertical and horizontal liner polarization field regions of antenna Typical configurations of dual-fed circularly Polarized microstrip antennas:(a)circular patch and (b) square patch Figure 10: Figure 11: Figure 12: Figure 13: Figure 14: Figure 15: Figure 16: Figure 17: Figure 18: Figure 19: Figure 20: Figure 21: Figure 22: Figure 23: Figure 24: Figure 25: Figure 26: Flowchart for solution of models in HFSS Schematic view Wilkinson power divider in ADS Layout view of Wilkinson power divider in ADS Design Flow Radius of circle Concept of power divider Schematic view Layout view 3dB power divider Substrate view Ground circular patch view after uniting power divider & circular patch Wave port Circularly Polarized Microstrip Patch Antenna Excitation state of circular patch Excitation state of boundary of microstrip patch antenna 24 27 28 30 32 33 34 35 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40

Figure

Page No
2 5 6 8 9 9 10 12 20

Figure 27: Figure 28: Figure 29: Figure 30(a): Figure 30(b): Figure 31:

Return Loss Gain Radiation pattern Simulated polar plot 3D Radiation Pattern of Single element Simulated axial ratio

42 43 44 45 46 47

APPENDIX FIGURES
Figure A1(a): Figure A1(b): Figure A1(c): Figure A1(d): Figure A1(e): Figure A1(f): Figure A1(g): Structure of a Microstrip Patch Antenna Common shapes of microstrip patch elements Microstrip line Electric field lines Microstrip Patch Antenna Top View of Antenna and, Side View of Antenna Charge distribution and current density creation on the microstrip patch Figure A1(h): Figure A1(i): Figure A1(j): Figure A1(k): Figure A1(l): Figure A2(a): Microstrip line feed Probe fed Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna Aperture-coupled feed Proximity Coupled Feed Effect of substrate thickness on bandwidth,efficiency Linear & Circular Polarization 63 64 65 66 71 75 54 55 56 56 57 58 60