fr

.. 2553

2554


.. 2553

...

.
.
.

..
..

..
..
.
.
....

.
.

(.) (.)
(.)
1 2554

(.)
1168 22 . 10900
02-5115855 02-9392122
www.roadsafetythai.org
E-mail: info@roadsafetythai.org

.. 2553


(.) (.)
(.)





5 ( )
(..) 3 (..3)
9 (..9) ....



(.)
(.)


(GRSP)

(Land Transport Safety)
10
5
.
.

-
-
-
-

()


.. 2546


1.
3
2.


3.
()
4.

1.
/
.. 2546
()

2. .

.

3.

4. 1 3

6

100 .
6 .. 2549 - 2551
5.

6.

10

.. 2548
7. /


(
.. 2546 - 2552)
8. / .
.
10 !!!!

9.

10. .



()


.. 2553

11.
(
)


11

.. 2552 - 2553

8
9
11
13
17
21
24
27
29
33
35
37
41
42
50
57
69
78
84

11

11

1.
.. 2550 - 2552 4-5 1
2


1-3
(
.. 2543 )
.. 2547
124,530 14,000
1-1

84,806 .. 2552 4 ..
( 1-1)
2547 - 2549 .. 2550 - 2552)
4

1-3
10 (.. 2543 - 2552) 983,076

124,855 10
734,123 151,286

18,000
16,000
14,000
12,000
10,000
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000

140000

120000
100000
80000
60000
40000
20000
0

2536

2537

2538

2539

2540

2541

2542

2543

2544

2545

2546

2547

2548

2549

2550

2551

2552

2536-2552

2541

1-1 .. 2536 - 2552

:

180,000
160,000

140,000
120,000
100,000
80,000
60,000
40,000
20,000
0

2548

2549

2550

2551

2552

1-2 .. 2548 - 2552

:

0 - 250
251 - 500
501 - 750
751 - 1000
1001 - 2000
>2000

0 - 50
51 - 100
101 - 150
151 - 200
201 - 250
>250

()

()

1-3 .. 2550 - 2552

:

.. 2550 - 2552
1.
581
2.
402
3.
332
4.
229
5.
272
6.
238
7.
226
8.
220
9.
219
10.
214

.. 2547 - 2549
1.
736
2.
605
3.
350
4.
344
5.
321
6.
317
7.
291
8.
291
9.
284
10.
265
:

10

11

2.

100 (Severity
Index)
10.1 .. 2548 12.5 .. 2552
(Fatality Index)

3 .. (.. 2550 - 2552)

20

0.30

18
0.25

16
12

0.20

10
0.15

14

6
0.10

4
2
0

2536 2537 2538 2539 2540 2541 2542 2543 2544 2545 2546 2547 2548 2549 2550 2551 2552
2-1 2536 - 2552
:

11

0.00 - 12.99
13.00 - 24.99
25.00 - 36.00
36.00 - 48.99
49.00 - 60.99
>61.00

(Severity Index)

0.00 - 0.11
0.11 - 0.16
0.16 - 0.21
0.21 - 0.31
0.31 - 0.41
>0.41

(Fatality Index)

2-2 .. 2550 - 2552

:

12

11

3.
..

(.) ..
.. .. 2552 380 5,000
.. 2552 380 5,000
..
2
..
(.)
.. 2552 . 475
30,000
2

(Under-reporting)

.. .. 2551 - 2552
( 47 - 51) ( 27 - 29) ( 20 - 22)
70

13

700
600

500
400
300

200
100
0
2545

2546

2547

2548

2549

2550

2551

2552

40,000
35,000

30,000
25,000
20,000
15,000

10,000
5,000
0
2545

2546

2547

2548

2549

2550

2551

2552

3-1 ..
:

700
600

500
400
300

200
100
0
2547

2548

2549

2550

2551

2552

40,000
35,000

30,000
25,000
20,000
15,000

10,000
5,000
0
2547

2548

2549

2550

2551

2552

3-2
:

14

11

3%

22%

3%

29%

27%

49%

46%

21%

3-3 .. ( .. 2551 - 2552)

:

16%

77%

17%

2%

5%

73%

2%

8%

3-4 .. ( .. 2551 - 2552)

:

15

19 - 26
27 - 31
32 - 36
37 - 46
47 - 56
>56

13 - 22
23 - 29
30 - 37
38 - 45
46 - 52
>52

3-5 ( .. 2551 - 2552)

:

0 - 43
44 - 71
72 - 79
80 - 85
86 - 89
>89

0
1 - 61
62 - 75
76 - 85
86 - 90
>91

3-6 ( .. 2551 - 2552)

:

16

11

4.

()

100,000 /
10,000

100,000
10,000
100
1

30.0

0.6

25.0

0.5

20.0

0.4

15.0

0.3

100.

0.2

5.0

0.1

2536 2537 2538 2539 2540 2541 2542 2543 2544 2545 2546 2547 2548 2549 2550 2551 2552

4-1 .. 2536 - 2552

: 1) 2) 3)
4) 5)

4-1 ..
2536 - 2552 4




-


73 178
( )




3

17

39

37.1

33.2

29

25.3

23.6

23.4

20

19.6
18.3

16.8

16.5

16.2

16.1
15.1

13.9

13.5

12.8

12.6

12.1
9.6

7.8

18

7.5

5.4

5.2

4.8

4-2 .. 2549-2550
:

11

25
20
15
10
5
0

2536

2537

2538

2539

2540

2541

2542

2543

2544

2545

2546

2547

2548

2549

2550

2551

2552

8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0

4-3 100 - .. 2536 - 2552

:

100

0.039 - 0.150
0.150 - 0.148
0.148 - 0.578
0.578 - 0.704
0.704 - 0.885
>0.885

100 -.

0 - 0.40
0.40 - 0.70
0.70 - 1.00
1.00 - 1.30
1.30 - 1.80
>1.80

0.068 - 0.251
0.252 - 0.501
0.502 - 0.751
0.752 - 1.001
1.002 - 1.590
>1.600

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8

0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0

0 0.4

0.8 1.2

4-4 .. 2550-2552
: 1) 2)
3) 4)
19

 100
.. 2550 - 2552
.. 2547 - 2549
1.
1.13 1.
1.53
2.
1.05 2.
1.40
3.
1.02 3.
1.39
4.
0.99 4.
1.37
5.
0.98 5.
1.28
6.
0.97 6.
1.15
7.
0.95 7.
1.14
8.
0.95 8.
1.13
9.
0.94 9.
1.13
10.
0.94 10.
1.11
:

20

11

5.



4
15-24
.. 2552 23.5 342.8
( 5-2 5-3)

( 5-4)

2 4 4 ( 5-5)




.. 2548 - 2552
( 5-7)

100,000

40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
2541

2542

2543

2544

2545

2546

2547

2548

2549

2550

2551

2552

5-1
:

21

50
1,600

45
40
35
30
25
20
15

<15
15-24
25-34
35-64
>65

10
5
0

1,400
1,200
1,000
800
600
400
200
0

2543 2544 2545 2546 2547 2548 2549 2550 2551 2552

<15
15-24
25-34
35-64
>65
2548 2549 2550 2551 2552

5-3

:

5-2
:

200
180
160
140
120

120

100

100

80

80

60
40
20
0

2547 2548 2549 2550 2551 2552

5-4
10,000
:

22

60

40
20
0

2548 2549 2550 2551 2552

5-5

:

11

100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
10 - 70
71 - 105
106 - 125
126 - 150
151 - 200
>200
5-6
10,000 .. 2550-2552
:

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

40%

30%
20%
10%
0%

2548

2549

2550

2551

2552

5-7
:

10,000
331.46
303.78
260.28
203.78
191.55
179.87
177.59
176.65
175.00
174.06
:

23

6.
1

.. 2542 2552 15,000 - 17,294

19 ( 6-1)


.. 2544 - 2551
11,473 76

( 31) ( 25)
( 23) 6
( 85)

.. 2552 195,569
( 6-6)
10
1 8

( 6-7)


( 6-3)

20,000

4,000

18,000

3,500

16,000
3,000

14,000

12,000

2,500
2,000

25,000

30%

10,000

20,000

20%

8,000

15,000

15%

6,000

10.000

10%

4,000

1,000

5,000

5%

2,000

500

0%

2542 2543 2544 2545 2546 2547 2548 2549 2550 2551 2552
6-1
:

24

1,500

2544 2545 2546 2547 2548 2549 2550 2551

6-2
:

11

10
(/ 10 )
1.60

1.40

1.20

1.00

0.80

31%
25%
23%
5%

0.60

5%

5%

0.40

1%.

0.20

1%.

1%.

0.4%

0.3%

0.3%

2544 2545 2546 2547 2548 2549 2550 2551

6-3
:

0.1%

0.02%
0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

6-4
:
80%
25,000

60%

20,000
40%

15,000
10,000

20%

5,000
0%

6-5
: (2551)

..

..

.. .. ..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

6-5
: (2552)

25

75%

62%

64%

62%
0%

20%

40%

60%

90 ./.

80% 100%

75%

120 ./.

63%

73%

71%
0%

20%

40%

60%

80% 100%

6-7
: Road Safety Watch (2553)
47-55%
40-46%
31-39%
14-30%
0-13%

3%

15%

80

10%

km/h

4%
0%

20%

40%

60%

80% 100%

9%

27%

90

19%

km/h

21%
0%

20%

40%

60%

80% 100%

6-8
: Road Safety Watch (2553)

26

6-9

: Road Safety Watch (2553)

11

7.

.. 2542 - 2552 ( 7-1)
.. 2550 - 2552
10


//

( 7-2)

(Road Safety
Watch)
9 - ..
2553 37
3 21
( 7-4 7-5)

8%
7%
6%
5%
4%
3%
2%
1%
0%

2544 2545 2546 2547 2548 2549 2550 2551 2552

< 2%
2-4%
5-7%
8-10%
> 10%

7-1 .. 2542-2552
:

(..
2547 - 2550)
10
27

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

50
45
40
35
30
25
0

2548

2549

2550

2551

19%
12%
11%
9%
8%
8%
8%
8%
8%
7%

2552
:

7-2
:

18%
16%
14%
63%

12%

37%

10%
8%
6%

21%

4%

79%

2547
2548
2550

2%
0%

7-4

: Road Safety Watch (2553)

7-3
1
:

50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%

7-4

: Road Safety Watch (2553)
28

11

8.





.. 2553

20

30 ( 8-1)
90
90
(Herd Immunity)
( 90)

( 8-2)

( 8-1)
( 8-2)



(JICA)
30

29

11

15%
15-30%
31-45%
46-60%
61-75%
75%

15%
15-30%
31-45%
46-60%
61-75%
75%

8-1 .. 2553 (30 )

: (Road Safety Watch)

30

11

93%
69%
73%
66%
44%
55%
46%
39%
29%
58%
51%
39%
34%
80%
57%
45%
42%
44%
35%
52%
38%
52%
57%
47%
61%
50%
42%
55%
60%
39%

45%
17%
31%
10%
11%
10%
6%
8%
8%
20%
8%
13%
8%
25%
25%
16%
11%
21%
16%
11%
15%
30%
32%
24%
13%
5%
15%
5%
6%
3%

85%
69%
77%
67%
52%
46%
49%
38%
53%
42%
49%
37%
27%
69%
69%
71%
74%
48%
57%
44%
41%
40%
52%
45%
37%
24%
32%
30%
26%
26%

64%
45%
62%
39%
32%
27%
39%
15%
35%
19%
31%
20%
18%
42%
57%
46%
40%
33%
44%
26%
26%
29%
34%
31%
26%
8%
17%
11%
8%
16%

93%
29%

45%
3%

85%
24%

64%
8%

8-1 .. 2553 (30 )

: (Road Safety Watch)
31

50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%

19%

18%

17%
2%
2546

2548

16%
6%

6%

4%
2547

17%

2549

15%

15%
5%

2550

5%

4%
2551

2552

50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%

34%
22%
8%
2546

28%

27%

25%
11%
2547

7%
2548

29%

24%
10%

2549

9%

8%
5%
2550

2551

13%

2552

8-2
:

32

11

9.

8 (.. 2545 - 2552) ( 9-3)

.

. .

. 10 !!! ( 9-4)

. 7

(-.)

()
( 2531)
200

50

180

45

160

40

140

35

120

30

100

25

80

20

60

15

40

10

20

2543 2544 2545 2546 2547 2548 2549 2550 2551 2552

( 9-2)

50

9-2

3E
(Education) (Enforce- 10 97
ment) (En-
gineering)

. /



(
1584 )

10





(-)
( 9-1)

9-1 .. 2543 - 2552

: 1) 2)
3) 4)
33

460,000
450,000
440,000
430,000
420,000
410,000
400,000
390,000

380,000
370,000

2543 2544 2545 2546 2547 2548 2549 2550 2551 2552

4.00

180

3.50

170

3.00

160

2.50

150

2.00

140

1.50

130

1.00

120

0.50

100

0.00

2545 2546 2547 2548 2549 2550 2551 2552

9-2 () .. 2543-2552
:

9-3 .
:

1.60
1.40
1.20
1.35

1.00

0.93

0.80

0.78

0.85

0.60

2549
2550
2551
2552

0.40
0.20
0.00

0.13 0.09 0.08 0.09

.

9-4
:

34

11

10.

.. 2543 2.0
.. 2547 - 2549 2 - 3 ( 10-1)
16.7
.. 2552 62
4 1
( 70 - 80)
( 10-2)

2,500,000
2,000,000
1,500,000
1,000,000
500,000
2536 2538 2540 2542 2544 2546 2548 2550 2552
10-1 .. 2536-2552
:

35


5%

17%

16%

62%

10-2 .. 2552
:

100%
90%
80%
70%
60%

50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0% 2548

2549

2550

2551

2552

10-3 .. 2548-2552

36

11

11.


3 ()
.. 2549 2551
735 .. 2549 698 .. 2551
( 11-1)

100 .
60
( 11-2)


( 2
6.5) (Federal Highway Administration) .. 2553 9,795
23
.. 2551 40

.. 2549



()
1000
800

735 698

600
400

329 357

251 240

200
0

155 101
*

2549
2551

100 .
8
6
4

4.48 4.88
2.23 2.11

2
0

0.47 0.31

1.43 1.35

2549
2551

11-1 .. 2549 2551

:
* 1 2
37

 100 .

1 - 20
21 - 40
41 - 60
60

10
11 - 20
21 - 30
30

11-2 100 . .. 2551

:

38

11

10%

50,000
44,257

40,583

41,467

40,512

37,562

35,000
30,480

30,000

9%
8%
7%

31,329

6%

28,652

25,000

5%

20,000

4%

15,000

3%

10,000

2%

1,494.75
2543

1,381.86
2544

1,400
2545

5%

1,770

1,400
2546

1,645
2548

2547

1%

2,712

1,470
2552

1,168
2551

1,000
2550

775.07
2549

2553

0%

()
()

11-3
: .. 2553

12%

30,000
25,000
20,000

23,870

21,442
17,859

17,762

20,436

17,304

10%
8%

15,000

6%

10,000

4%

5,000
0

800
2548

1,150
2549

1,150
2550

1,150
2551

1,180
2552

1,280
2553

5,000

()

()

40,000

42,788

41,021

2%
0%

()
()

11-4
:

39

45,000

45,052

40

41


(1, 2)



(2)
.. 2546 2 1 3
2

(3-5)
60
1 4
(4-9)
(5)

(5) 1 2 5 (10)
15-24 .. 2546 11
18.61 1 4 11-19 15-19 6
10 (11)
(11-13)



(14)

42

Total
Beer
Spirits
Wine

Recorded adult per capita consumption (age 15+)

10
9

7
6
5
4
3
2
1
1961
1965
1969
1973
1977
1981
1985
1989
Sources: FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations), World Drink Trends 2003

1993

1997

2001

1 .. 1961-2001
: 4.5% 14% 42%

Trends of alcohol drink 1981-2000

20.0000
15.0000

10.0000

25
42

40
25

38
25

36
25

34
25

32
25

30
25

28
25

26
25

24

5.0000

25

Pure alc(ml.) per head

Litres of pure alcohol

2 .. 2524-2543

43

 4 (11)


1 2550 (Disease Burden)
1 5 2
.. 2542 (11)

200,000
(11, 15)

6.6 9.6
1,000,000 14,000 40 - 60 (11, 16, 17)

10,000 200,000 (14, 15, 18)
(19) 3
.. 2553

(20)
52.4 40.4
35.5
51.6 ( 2552 44.4)

20-24 47.9 15-19
30.4
18 30.5
( .. 2552 26.6 .. 2551 21.5)
15 12.8
18.00- 23.59 . (16, 20)

2.57 3.75 2552
9.63

44

70
60

50
40
30
20

10
0

2546

2547

2548

2549

2550

..
3 .. 2546 - 2550
: 28
25000

(..)

.. 2549 2553



20-25 4 5

4

20000
15000
10000

..49
..49
..49
..49
..49
..49
..51
..51
..51
..51
..51
..51
..52
..52
..52
..52
..52
..52
..53
..53

5000

100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0

4 ..

()
()
()

%
%
140000

30.0

120000

25.0

100000

20.0

80000

15.0

60000

10.0

40000

5.0

20000
0

2549

2551

2552

2553

5 . .. 2549 - 2553
: 5 (.)
..1 - ..9
.. .. 2549 - 2553

3,000
30,000 (17)
100,000 (10)

45

.. 2522 ... ...

2549
14
18 .. 2552 14 .. 2553

3 (11 )
15
2551 6 2553

486 ( 2551) 1009 ( 2553)

2552 31
50 2553

15
50 . .

. /
2 (.. 2542)
.

10 (2542 - 2544)
1,565 . 3
1.2 4.3 4-5 ?
(21)

.. 2547

(.) .. 2542
3 1
82
. 40

(.. 2548)
0.5-10 (24)
40 .
29 88
(22) ( 2552)
60 124
. (17)
(25)

.. 2547


(
.
6-12 )
9 3 3-5
2552 . - 40 15
1.9 6,285,902 (23) 18 (26)
46

50
20
Graduated driver licensing (GDL.)

+++
+++
+++ ()
++ ()

++

++

+++
++

+++
+++
+
++

++
+

... .. 2546 18 ... .. 2551

()
10

.. 2542 3
47




500

(.)
(27)
(28)


19 (29)

Disease Manager

.
3


/

( )

(Effectiveness)
/

. 5

(System Tracer)


48

1. McGovern PE. Ancient Wine: The Search for the Origins of

Viniculture. Princeton University Press. 2003
2. Vallee BL. Alcohol in the Western World. Scientific American
June 1998
3. Borges G, et al. A multicenter study of acute alcohol and
nonfatal injuries: data from the
WHO Collaborative Study on Alcohol and Injuries. Bulletin of
the World Health Organization. 2006;84
(6):453-60.
4. Cherpitel CJ. Drinking patterns and problems and drinking

in the event: An analysis of injury by cause among casualty

patients. . Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research
[serial on the Internet]. 1996; 20.
5. World Health Organization. The World Health Report 2004
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6. Bondy SJ. Overview of studies on drinking patterns and their
reported consequences
Addiction. 1996;91(11):1661-74
7. Borges G, et al. Acute alcohol use and the risk of non-fatal
injury in sixteen countries Addiction. 2006;101(7):993-1002.
8. Cherpitel CJ. The epidemiology of alcohol-related trauma.
Alcohol Health & Research World 1992;16:191-6.
9. Smith GS, Branas CC, Miller TR. Fatal non-traffic injuries
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10. .
. 2010.
11. .
.
2008.
12. Gajeena A, Ekachampaka P, Wattanamano S, Taverat
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13. World Health Organization. The cigarette smoking and
alcoholic drinking behaviour survey 2001. In: WHO Global
NCD InfoBase, World Health Organization. Geneva: National
Statistics Office, 2001.2001.
14. , , ,
, , , et al.

. 2548.
15. Thavorncharoensap M, Teerawattananon Y, Yothasamut J,
Lertpitakpong C, Thitiboonsuwan K, Neramitpitagkul P, et al.
The economic costs of alcohol consumption in Thailand, 2006.
BMC Public Health 2010;10(323):1-12.
16. .

5 (
).
. 2552;40(40):669-71.
17. Woratanarat P, Ingsathit A, Suriyawongpaisal P, Rattanasiri S, Chatchaipun P, Wattayakorn K, et al. Alcohol, illicit

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in Thailand: A case-control study. . Accident Analysis and
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admission in Songkhla, 1991. Patterns of drinking in Thai men.
Alcohol and Alcoholism. 2000;35(3):263-9.
19. , , ,
, . 10 .
.. 2541 2550. 2552 13
2552;40:142-4.
20. , , .

() .. 2553
29 2552 - 4 2553.
2553;41 (2):17-20.
21. , ,
. . 2544.
22. Kasantikul V, Ouellet J.V, Smith T, et al. The role of alcohol
in Thailand motorcycle crashes. Accident Analysis and Prevention 2005;37 357-66.
23. . [10
2553]; Available from: http://apps.dlt.go.th/statistics_web/statistics.html.
24. Tay R. The effectiveness of enforcement and publicity
campaigns on serious crashes involving young male drivers:Are
drink driving and speeding similar? . Accident Analysis and
Prevention 2005;37 922-9.
25. Havichit S. Analysis of Motorcycle Accidents in Khon Kaen.
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26. Stuster JW, Blowers P. Experimental Evaluation of Sobriety Checkpoint Programs: Final Report. In: US Department of
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27. . [Oct 10, 2010]; Available from: www.
cas.or.th.
28. . [Oct 10, 2010]; Available
from: http://www.thaihealth.or.th/node/6166.
29. Udoninfo. .
[10 2553]; Available from: http://www.udoninfo.com/
index.php/news-a-events/news/190-2010-07-24-03-02-24.
49


114 .. 1896 Mary
Ward [1]
1.2 50 [2]

32 ./. 112 ./
. 3.5 8 [3]
( 1)

32 ./.

6 6

48 ./.

64 ./.
80 ./.
96 ./.

80 ./. [4]
40 ./. 15
[5] 10 21
46 [6] 6

112 ./.

= 12

14

= 23
12
24
= 36
15
38
= 53
55
18
= 73
21
75
= 96

1 ( [7])
6

(Solomon, 1964)
(Solomon, 1964)
Cirillo (1968)
Harkey et al. (1990)
West and Dunn (1971)
Hauer (1971)

5 32 ./.
45 48 ./.
85 64 ./. [8]


(Delta V)

( 2)
Autobahn


2 - 4 [10]

Relative Involvement Rate

8.00
7.00
6.00
5.00
4.00
3.00
2.00
1.00
0.00
-22.5 -17.5 -12.5

-7.5

-2.5

2.5

7.5

17.5

22.5

2 [9]

1
..
2542 - 2552 17,294 15 - 35 [11]
1
11,473 70 - 79 [12] 1
68 [11]

10 1 8
50

12.5

Deviation from mean speed, mi/h

(Vicious Circle)

1.

2.

3.
6 8
4.

5.

30

(Laws)

.. 2522
.. 2535

.. 2535

1. 90

2.
60
3. 1,200

80
7
9 (
)
1. 1,200
100

2. 1
80

3. 1 2
120

.. 2522

1. 1,200

60
80
2. 1
1,200

45
60
3. 1 2

80
90

51

9 - 27 90 ./.
3 - 15 80 ./. 60

3
Elsewhere

Built-up Areas*
Single carriage ways

Motorways
Dual carriage ways

National speed limit applies

Type of vehicle

Cars and motorcycles

(including car
derived vans up to 2
tonnes maximum
laden weidht

./.

./.

./.

./.

48

96

112

112

80 ./.
[13]
50 ./. [14]
(80 ./.)



2 6
1 1
2




10 ./. 20 ./.

52

(Law Enforcement)

.. 2522 30

.. 2549
(Speed Camera) 45

3
42,304 [20]

45

(Automated Enforcement)

(Speed Management)

2
.. 1988 .. 1992
74 47
[15]

68 48 35 26
41
Autobahn A3 32 4 449
319 [21]
593 [16]
.. 2551
..1987 .. 1992
520


[17] 76 64 62 48
2 ..1990 - 1992 65 62 67
39
..1997 - 1998
20
90 86 75 73
[18]
84 75 98 91

Global Status Report
on Road Safety

( 7 10 )
9 2
10 [19]

53

20 ./.
3,400
1,750
4,500
3,250
3,600
200

40 ./.
6,750
5,000
10,500
4,250
10,500
400

GDP 2552 ()*

92,728,650
117,134,570
32,369,505
6,378,120
177,363,410
9,234,960

200 - 400
() 3

( 1)

16

6 - 37

( 32)
607 77
53 162 ./.
47 1 4 (101 /.)
( 10 (130 ./.) 25
) (
85) [25]
( 60)
[22]

1,364

( 64 - 77) (
58) West
(Rumble Strips)
98 ( 95)
( 81) (
74) [23]

(optimum)


54

88 ./
. 104 ./. 1. Fallon, I., and ONeill, D. (2005). The world's first automobile
fatality, Accident Analysis & Prevention, Volume 37, Issue 4,
15 [26]
Pages 601-603
2. World Health Organization (2004). World Report on Road

40 . 110 ./. Traffic Injury Prevention, Geneva

3.1 110 3. Directgov (2010). Control of the vehicle, The Highway
90 ./. 2.6 Code, Available Online at http://www.direct.gov.uk/en/
92 720 8,640
TravelAndTransport/Highwaycode/DG_070304
4. C. N. Kloeden, J. J. McLean, V. M. Moore and G. Ponte,
"Travelling Speed and the Risk of Crash Involvement," Report

No. CR 172, Federal Office of Road Safety, Canberra, Austra

lia, 1997.
5. H. C. Joksch, "Velocity Change and Fatality Risk in a Crash-A
... Rule of Thumb", Accident Analysis and Prevention, Vol. 25,


No. 1, 1993.
6. Vagverket. (2008). Swedish Road Administration. Retrieved
from http://www.vv.se
7. http://www.direct.gov.uk/prod_consum_dg/groups/
dg_digitalassets/@dg/@en/@motor/documents/digitalasset/
3 dg_188029.pdf

8. European Transport Safety Council, "Reducing Traffic Injuries Resulting From Excess and Inappropriate Speed", Brussels,
1995.
9. Traffic and Crash Data - Germany (Summary Statistics).
Bundesanstalt fr Straenwesen (BASt)

1 0 . ht t p : / / w w w . g e r m a n - a u to b a h n . e u / i n d ex .
asp?page=regulations
11. .. 2542 2552
12. .. 2544-2551
13. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speed_limits_by_country

14. World Health Organization (2009). Global Status Report

on Road Safety, Geneva
15. Lewis, S. (1996). Future system specifications for traffic
enforcement equipment. London: IEEE Explore.
16. Glauz, W. (1998). Review of automated technologies for
speed management and enforcement. Managing speed. Review
of current practice for setting and enforcing speed limits. TRB
Special report 254 , 359-390.
17. Zaidel, D., & Mkinen, T. (1999). Automation concepts and
technologies for improving traffic law enforcement. Research
report 482. VTT Communities and Infrastructure.
55

18. Nilsson, G. (1992). Trials with automatic speed surveillance 1990-1992. (Swedish language, with English summary).
VTI Report 378. Linkping: Swedish Road and Traffic Research
Institute.
19. World Health Organization (2009). Global Status Report
on Road Safety, Geneva
20. http://www.royalthaipolice.go.th/showdetial.php?news_
ID=1
21. Kulleab, S., S. Jirawak and K. Kaewkanya (2006). Model
development for traffic injury prevention by speed control on
Highway No. 2 in Khon Kaen province, Report No.147-200611, Khon Kaen Trauma and Critical Care Center, Khon Kaen
Hospital, Thailand.
22. Sontikul, S. (2009). Speeding drivers attitudes towards a
speed enforcement program, Master Thesis, Asian Institute of
Technology, Pathumthani, Thailand.
23. Yaktawong, W. (2008). Drivers attitudes towards speed
management, Masters Thesis, Asian Institute of Technology,
Pathumthani, Thailand.
24. Federal Highway Administration (2009), Engineering
Countermeasures for Reducing Speeds: A Desktop Reference of
Potential Effectiveness, Available online at: http://safety.fhwa.
dot.gov/speedmgt/ref_mats/eng_count/eng_count.pdf
25. Blain, L. (2007). EU to debate 101mph speed limit for all
new cars, Gizmag Automotive, Available online at: http://www.
gizmag.com/go/7550/
26. West, B. H., McGill, R., Hodgson, J. W., & Smith, D. (1999).
Development and Verification of Light-Duty Modal Emissions
and Fuel Consumption Values for Traffic Models. Tennessee:
Oak Ridge National Laboratory.

56

...
(Single Vehicle Crash)

(Roadside Hazards)

40-45

( )1
.. 2544 ( 1)
( 2)
10 100 10-12

0.14
0.12
50%

0.10

45%

0.08

40%

0.06

35%

0.04

30%

0.02

20%

2544 2545 2546 2547 2548 2549 2550 2551

1

0.00

2544 2545 2546 2547 2548 2549 2550 2551

2

57

100%

[1]





()
( 3)

90%
80%
70%
60%

50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%

2544

2545

2546

2547

2548

2549

2550

2551

3
:

()
(


)
()

( 4)

58

(Forgiving Roadside Concept)

[2]


Clear Zone

(..)
90

100
110

()

(.)

750-1,500
1,500-6,000
>6,000
750-1,500
1,500-6,000
>6,000
750-1,500
1,500-6,000
>6,000

6-7.5
7.5-9
8-10
8-10
10-12
11-13.5
8.5-11
10.5-13
11.5-14

(Clear Zone) [2]

12

1:4
1:4
5


2

6
7

59

 [3]

[4]

25, 6
1:3 (Critical Slope)

1:3

1:2
1:3 1:2
1.5




( 7 8)

60

10 .
( 9) 10 . [7]

61

 .. 2551 [8]

.. 2552 .. 2553 11

5 [2]
(Remove)
(Redesign)

(Breakaway Poles)

(Relocate)
(Shield)
(Guardrail) (Concrete Barrier)

(Delineation)

62

2 (Shield)
(Delineation)

14

2 (Flexible Barrier) (Semi-Rigid Barrier) (Rigid
Barrier)
(Flexible Barrier)






15
W-Beam
W-Beam 8
1 3
63

 (Semi-Rigid Barrier)

W-Beam ( 16) Block Out

Block Out

(Rigid Barrier)

(Flexible Barrier)

-
(Semi-Rigid Barrier) -

-
(Rigid Barrier)
-

-
-
-

- (
)

( 17)






64

(Deflection)

18


19
( 20)
2
( 21)

65

( 22)

1.

2.

3.

66

2-3
- (Crash Cushion)
Gore Area
Gore Area

( 23)


4

23

-



( 24)

67

1.
.. 2544-2551
2. AASHTO, Roadside Design Guide, American Association of
State Highway and Transportation Officials, Washington, D.C.,
USA., 2002
3.
.. 2551
4.

5. Urban Road design Guide: A Guide to the Geometric Design of
Major Urban Roads, Publication Number AP-G69/02, Austroads,
Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, 2002
6. Austroads, Rural Road Design: A Guide to the Geometric Design
of Rural Roads, Publication Number AP-G1/03, Austroads, Sydney,
New South Wales, Australia, 2003
7. AASHTO, A Policy on Landscape Development for the National
System of Interstate and Defense Highways, American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, Washington,
D.C., USA., 1961
8. :
.. 2551 http://www.roadsafetythai.
org/index.php?module=article&page=detail&id=23

68

2 - 3

69

5

2

2



( 1)

70

10 3 4
( 2)
..
2548 ( 3)

90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%

2542 2543 2544 2545 2546 2547 2548 2549 2550 2551 2552 2553
2 2542 - 2553
:

90,000

90%

80,000

80%

70,000

70%

60,000

60%

50,000

50%

40,000

40%

30,000

30%

20,000

20%

10,000
0

10%
0%

()

2506 08 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52
3 2506 - 2552
:

71



10


( 1) .. 2535 .. 2552
704 17
(943 )



. .

2535
2545
2552

()
50,457
64,095
66,495

()
4,623
4,880
5,327

()
74,798
55,748
46,978

1
:

...

10

() .
()

[1]
10
55 ?
. 3,000

.

( 4)
72

4
. 3,000 (
)

( 5 6)

6
: http://www.panoramio.com/photo/34171494
73

80

[3]



( 7)

[2]
48 .. 2548 2552
4

1. 7
20
2. 12 20 ( 8)

3.

4. 7 8

UNECE R66

(Single deck)

(Double Deck)

74

20

1-5

23%

27%

6-20

( )

27 .. 2552
17

50%

8
115,157 31 2551
:

( 9 10)

10

75

( 11)

( 12)



( 13)

76

13

1 - 2

20


( )

1.




/
2.

.
3.



50
4.

1. (2551) :

2. (2553)

3. (2550)
2 (
4),
5, 10 11 2550

77

50


5

2


(
)

78

(Public Hearing, Deliberative Democracy)

International Association for Public Participation
5
1.




2.

3.



4.

5.

1 http://cdd.stanford.edu/research/papers/2010/fishkin-bjps-china.pdf
79


Public Participation Spectrum

Inform

Consult

Involve

Collaborate

Empower

: http://www.pcd.go.th/info_serv/info_parti_pic01.html

.



.

80

.

-, -

.

.

1. Road Safety Watch (.. 2553).

.
2. . http://www.pcd.go.th/info_serv/
Info_parti.html ( 28 2553)
3. . http://www.thaipoliticsgovernment.org ( 28 2553)
4. (2550).
:
4 . (.)
5. . 25 .. 2547
27 9512 http://www.nidambe11.net/ekonomiz/2004q1/ article2004march25p4.htm
( 28 2553)
6. . http://www.
dhumma.net/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=317&Itemid=335 ( 28
2553)
7. . !?! 4 .. 2549
http://news.sanook.com/social/social_60615.php ( 28 2553)
81

.. 2552 - 2553

84
84

.. 2552 - 2553

(.. 2548 - 2551)

.. 2552
9

64 2 ..
2553 .. 2554 - 2563

10
.. 2563

.. 2552 - 2553
3
1.
2.
3.

85

1.

2
14.15 .. 2555
6 12 5


5E (

)




1.
2.
3 2
1 (
) 3.

-
100
-

-

(Road Safety Audit)

http://www.makeroadssafe.org/media/publishingImages
86

9 (
20-21 .. 2552)

(UN)


140
19-20 .. 2552

10 (.. 2554 - 2563)
3
1. (

)

2.

3.

.. 2552 - 2553

2.
1. 2.
3. (

) 500
40 30
2 .. 2551
(.)

24 .
2.1
4

2.1.1 365 6

365
--
40 1 .. 2551
10 2.1.3

(..3)



6 29
.. 2553

2.1.4
()

(GRSP)


.. 2552
. 10 .. 2552

120 2
1 3 1 .. 2553 - 31 60,000

.. 2555
1 4

2.1.2 GM GRSP
(Red Light Camera)

35
87

2.1.5
100%




2 (1 - 30 ..
2553) (1
.. 2553 - 1 .. 2554)
2.1.6

27


.. 2552- .. 2553

(Safety
Thailand)
2.1.8

2


20

50

.. 2552
5


3

2.2

2.2.1 1+1 = 0

1+1=0
1 +
2.1.7 / 1
0
()

()

(Honda Safety Driving Center)

.. 2537 .. 2552

88

.. 2552 - 2553

... .. 2522
100

2.3

3 .

- 5
- 27 .. 2553
1 - (
) 4
9
100% . (81.25%)
(20.83%)
3 27
(83.33%)
407 (32.29%)
- 17
(81.25%)
(40.63%)


4

Thai-RAP) 1 (24 .. 2552

- .. 2553)
(HAIMS)

2.4.2
(MIS)

/
1 .. 2552
30 .. 2553

/

309

2.4.3

15 .. 2552 - 15
.. 2553

2.4 (GIS)

2.4.1 (GIS)
Website





(Highway Accident
Information Management System: HAIMS)
(Thailand Road Assessment Program:
89

3.

.. 2552 - 2553
(.)

3.1

.. 2548 - 2552 17

/

(Knowledge Save Lives)

3.2

(.) 5

.. 2549 - 2551
- 60
20 5

90

.. 2552 - 2553

3.3

1 .. 2552 - 28
.. 2554 . .

3.4

(Bird Eye View)

(
)


1. 10
2.
3.
4. .

3.5

30 .. 2522
.. 2535



12
(4 .. 2552 - 3 .. 2553)

91