September, 2008

.......................
Compiled and commented by the Political Defiance Committee (PDC)
National Council of the Union of Burma (NCUB)

ppu
uf w
f wb
bF mF mv
v--22000088

t
trrssd Kd K;;o omm;;''D rD rd k ud k uaa&&ppD t
D tzzG J @G J @ccssKKyyf Ef ES iS if h jf h jyyn
nf w
f wG iG if ;f ;t
twwd k u
d k uf t
f tccH t
H tiif t
f tmm;;ppk rk rssmm;;..
v
v_ y_ yf &f &S mS m;;rr_ r_ rssmm;;

ppppt
ft
f pp;kd ;kd &&EEiS iS hf hf t
tzz@JG c@JG csKsyKyw
fw
f @kd .
@kd . q
quuq
fq
f aH aH &&;;t
taajjcct
taaee
etzppftpd;k &onf jrefrmEdik if o H dk@ a&muf&v dS maom ukvor*~vl@tcGit fh a&;ud, k pf m;vS
m;vS,f Tomas
Ojea Quintana ukvor*~ taxGaxGtwGi;f a&;rSL;csKyf. txl;ud, k pf m;vS,f Mr. Ibrahim Gambari
wdk@udk tzGJ@csKyfacgi;f aqmifrsm;ESifh rv$rJ a&Smifom awG@qHkciG afh y;cJah omfvnf; tzGJ@csKyfvw G af wmfu, dk pf m;vS,f
wcsKd @ tygt0if tzGJ@csKyfygw0D ifrsm;ESifh tzGJ@csKyfvil ,frsm;udk zrf;qD;xdr;f odr;f r_rsm; ydrk jdk yKvkyv f monf@tjyif zrf;
qD;cHae&aomtzGJ@csKyfygwrD sm;ESifh Edik if aH &;v_y&f mS ;wufºuGorl sm;udv k nf; tusO;f enf;jzifph pfaq;I ESp&f n S af xmif
'%frsm; csrw S af ea=umif; awG@&&dS onf?
tzGJ@csKyf CEC rsm;ESifh Mr. Tomas Quintana udk =o*kwv f (6)&ufae@wiG f jr&dyn f Kd a[mfw,fY
awG@qcHk iG jfh yKcJo
h nf? tzGJ@csKyf CEC (5)OD;ESifh Mr. Ibrahim Gambari wdk@uv dk nf; =o*kwv f (20)&ufae@
ae@vnfyidk ;f wGif &efuek +f rdK@ pdr;f vJu h efom tpd;k &{nf@a*[mY awG@qcHk iG jfh yKcJo h nf? odk@aomf awG@qcHk sed rf mS tvGef
wdak wmif;+yD; *rfbm&D &Si;f jyonfrsm;udo k m em;axmifc&Jh a=umif;/ jyefvnfaqG;aEG;cGirfh &ojzifh tzGJ@csKyftaejzifh
auseyfrr_ &daS =umif;/ tzGJ@csKyfajyma&;qdck iG &fh o dS l a'guw f m0if;Edik u
f xdak e@wiG f xkwaf z:ajymqdck o Jh nf? a':atmif
qef;pk=unfuvnf; xdak e@wifGif *rfbm&DEiS fh tpd;k &{nf@a*[mY awG@qaHk qG;aEG;&ef jiif;qdck aJh =umif; od&&dS onf?
*rfbm&Du pma&;ay;ydk@caJh omfvnf; a':atmifqef;pk=unfu vufrcHojzifh etztm%mydik rf sm;u xdpk mudk a':
atmifqef;pk=unf. aetdr+f cHpnf;&d;k Y !Syx f m;cJo
h nf? a':atmifqef;pk=unfu *rfbm&DESEiS afh wG@q&Hk ef jiif;qdck Jh
jcif;onf usrmR a&;a=umifrh [kwyf J Edik if aH &;rauseyfcsuaf =umifh jzpfEikd o f nf[k tzGJ@csKyfjyef=um;a&;tzGJ@0if OD;
Om%f0if; u =o*kwv f (21)&ufae@wiG f xkwaf z:ajymqdck o Jh nf?
rpPwm*rfbm&Donf =o*kwv f (22)&ufae@wiG f tzGJ@csKyf CEC (5)OD;ESifh 'kw, d t}udrf xyfraH wG@qcHk Jh
onf@twGuf txdu k tf av#muf auseyfr&_ adS omfvnf; *rfbm&Du =o*kwv f (20)&ufae@wiG f csjycJo h nf@ etz
xHwifjyrnf@ 4if;.tpDtpOf (5)&yfuo dk m xyfraH qG;aEG;cJo h nf[k ajymcGi&fh yk*K~d vf a'guw f m0if;Edik f u ajymqdck Jh
onf? =o*kwv f (22)&ufae@wiG f etztm%mydik rf sm;u *rfbm&D. vufaxmuf(2)OD;ESit fh wl a':atmifqef;
pk=unf. aetdr+f cH0if;tjyifbufrS avmfpyDumjzifh atmf[pfI xyfrzH w d =f um;cJah omfvnf; a':atmifqef;pk
=unf u wpHw k &m wkef@jyefcjJh cif;r&d[
S k od&onf?
etzonf ,Qiv f rsm;twGi;f a':atmifqef;pk=unfudk rnf rno f El iS rfh # awG@ciG rfh ay;cJah omfvnf; =o*kwv f
twGi;f ukvor*~ txl;ud, k pf m;vS,rf sm; jrefrmEdik if u H dk vma&mufrnfjzpfI vqef;ydik ;f rSp+yD; a':atmifqef;pk
=unfudk olr.a&S@ae OD;=unf0if;/ rdom;pkq&m0ef a'guw f m wifrsKd ;0if; wdk@EiS fh jyefvnfawG@qcHk iG afh y;cJo h nf? a&Sa&S@
ae OD;=unf0if;ESifh =o*kwv f (8)&ufae@EiS fh (17)&ufae@rsm;wGif awG@qcHk iG jfh yKcJ+h yD; a'guw f mwifrsKd ;0if; ESiv fh nf;

P DC Ne ws C o mm e nt ar y ~ Se pt e m be r , 2 0 08 P ag e 1 o f 1 0
=o*kwv f (17)&ufae@wiG f awG@qcHk iG jfh yKcJah =umif; od&&dS onf? ,QKESpf Zefe0g&v D rSpI awG@qcHk iG rfh ay;awmhonf@
a'guw f mwifrsKd ;0if;udv k nf; =o*kwv f rSp+yD; vpOf yxrywf =umomyaw;ae@widk ;f yHrk eS af wG@ciG afh y;awmhrnf[k
OD;=unf0if;u ajymqdck o Jh nf?
rpPwm*rfbm&DEiS fh awG@q&Hk efjiif;qdck o Jh nf@tay: a':atmifqef;pk=unfudk =o*kwv f (23)&ufae@ etz
&kyjf rifo=H um;ESifh (24)&ufae@xw k f etzowif;pmrsm;Y jyif;jyif;xefxef xef a0befc=Jh uonf? xdak 0befajymqdck suf
yg tcsut f vufrsm;onf r[kwrf rSeaf =umif; OD;Om%f0if;u (24)&ufae@wiG f ajymqdck o Jh nf? a':atmifqef;
pk=unfonf jyifyrS ay;ydk@aeonf@tpm;taomufrsm;udk jiif;qdck o Jh nfrmS (9)&uf&+dS yD[k tzGJ@csKyf (vGwaf jrmuf
e,fajr)u =o*kwv f (25)&uf
(25)&ufae@wiG f owif;xkwjf yefco Jh nf? a':atmifqef;pk=unf. xdv k yk &f yfonf olrESifh
twlaexdik o f l a':cif0if;rdom;trdtay: etzu uef@owfxm;r_rsm;udk rauseyfI qENjyaejcif;jzpfaomfvnf;
tpmiwfcq H ENjyjcif;[k r,lqa=umif; OD;Om%f0if;u =o*kwv f (27)&ufae@wiG f ajym=um;cJo h nf? jrefrmhta&;
*rfbm&D. }udK;yrf;vkyaf qmifrr_ sm;onf tvkyrf jzpfa=umif; =o*kwv f (29)&ufae@wiG f tzGJ@csKyfu a=ujimcsuf
xkwjf yefco Jh nf? 'Dru dk a&pDEiS v fh l@tcGit fh a&;rsm;udk av;pm;vdu k ef m&efjyXmef;cJah om tmqD,yH ËdnmOfpmcsKyfudk
}udKqdak omfvnf; xdpk mcsKyfudk tm%modr;f etzppftpd;k &u jrefrmjynfu, dk pf m; vufrw S af &;xd;k cJjh cif;udk vuf
rcHEidk af =umif; tzGJ@csKyfu =o*kwv f (6)&ufae@wiG f xkwaf z:ajymqdck o Jh nf?
etzu tzGJ@csKyfygw0D ifrsm;udk wd;k csJ@zrf;qD;v#u&f &dS m =o*kwv f (8)&uf &Spaf v;vH;k ae@Y &cdik jf ynfe,f
awmifuw k +f rdK@Y zrf;qD ;qD;cHc&Jh ol (48)OD;teuf (43)OD;udk aemufwae@wiG f jyefvw $ af y;cJah omfvnf; tzGJ@csKyfygwD
0if udrk ;dk Edik pf ;dk / udo k ef;vGi/f udak rmifarmifouf/ udck spaf rmifarmifEiS fh reDeaD rjrifh wdk@ (5)OD;udrk l qufvufzrf;qD;
xm;cJ+h yD; oHwaGJ xmifodk@ ydk@aqmifcaJh =umif; tzG tzGJ@csKyf awmifuw k +f rdK@e,fpnf;tzGJ@0if OD;oef;azu =o*kwv f (12)
&ufae@wiG f ajym=um;cJo h nf? &cdik jf ynf *G+rdK@e,f tzGJ@csKyfOuUX ESifh v$waf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,f OD;nDyk ESifh {&m0wD
wdik ;f yef;waemf trSw(f 1)rJqENe,frS tzGJ@csKyfvw $ af wmfu, dk pf m;vS,f a'guw f mwifrif;xGËf wdk@uv dk nf; =o*kwf
v (12)&ufae@ reufapmapmwGif etzu zrf;qD;ac:aqmifomG ;cJo h nf? +idr;f csr;f pGm vrf;av#mufqENjycJah om
awmifuw k +f rdK@e,frS tzGJ@csKyfvil ,f(5)OD;udk zrf;qD;axmifcscrJh t _ ay: tzGJ@csKyf &ckid jf ynfe,f pnf;aumfrwDu jyif;
xefpmG &Hc_ sa=umif; =o*k =o*kwv f (18)&ufae@wiG f a=ujimcsuf xkwjf yefco Jh nf?
Edik if aH &;vkyo f jzifh zrf;qD;cHc&Jh olrsm;udk &mZ0wfjypfrr_ sm;ESit fh a&;,ljcif;onf Edik if aH &;t&*k%o f u d mQ
usqif;ap&ef jyKvkyaf ejcif;jzpfI vl@tcGit fh a&;a=ujimpmwrf;ESiq fh ef@usiaf eojzifh &H_@csuef@uu G af =umif; =o*kwf wf
v(13)&ufae@wiG f tzGJ@csKyfu a=ujimcsux f wk jf yefco Jh nf? =unf@jrifwidk +f rdK@e,f tzGJ@csKyfvil ,f ud&k efEidk x f eG ;f udk
=o*kwv f (14)&ufae@nwGif etzu zrf;qD;ac:aqmifomG ;cJh+yD; aemufwae@reufwiG f vlrmS ;zrf;jcif;jzpfonf[k
qdu k m jyefvw $ af y;cJo h nf? &cdik jf ynfe,f *G+rd +rdK@e,f &[dik *f iG ;f aus;&GmrS tzGJ@csKyfygw0D if Edik rf sKd ;aZmf/ aZmfrif;pd;k ESifh
cspx f ;l Edik f wdk@onf etz. zGJ@pnf;yHt k ajccHOya' jynfv;Hk u|wq f ENc, H yl u GJ dk uef@uu G &f efvy_ &f mS ;r_jzifh zrf;qD;cHc&Jh
aomfvnf; etzw&m;&H;k u yk'rf 6§1 jzifh w&m;pGq J cdk +Jh yD; oufaor&d aor&db S J axmif'%f(2)ESpcf pGJ D csrw S cf o Jh nf?
etzu t=urf;zufErSd ef if;r_rsm;udk wd;k csJ@jyKvkyaf eaomfvnf; jynfov l x l .k rauseyfcsurf sm;rSm vH;k 0 aysmuf
uG,o f mG ;rnfr[kwaf =umif; =o*kwv f (19)&ufae@wiG f tzGJ@csKyfEiS fh ausmif;om;vli,frsm;u ajymqdck =Jh uonf?
csw d yf wd cf x H m;&aom rauG;wdik ;f awmifwiG ;f }uD; +rdK@e,ftzGJ@csKyf&;Hk rS qdik ;f bkwu f dk jzKwfcsc+Jh yD; &H;k twGi;f &dS
AD'rdk sm;twGi;f odr;f qnf;xm;aom pm&Gupf mwef;rsm;/ ydpk wmrsm;/ yef;csu D m;rsm;ESifh "gwyf rHk sm;udk &H;k tjyifY jzef@
usx J m;onf@tay: +rdK@e,ftzGJ@csKyfpnf;aumfrwDu +rdK@e,fa&G;aumufyaGJ umfr&Six f H =o*kwv f (14)&ufae@wiG f
pma&;wdik =f um;cJo h nf@tjyif vuf&}dS uHKawG@ae&aom Edik if aH &;/ pD;yGg;a&;/ vlra_ &;/ tusyt f wnf;rsm;udk ajz&Si;f Edik f
a&;twGuf jynfol@vw $ af wmfudukd tjrefq;Hk ac:,lus usi;f yay;&ef
yay;&ef =o*kwv f (21)&ufae@wiG f etzudk xyfraH wmif;qdk
cJo
h nf? a':atmifqef;pk=unfEiS fh Edik if aH &;tusO;f om;rsm;vGwaf jrmufa&; v_y&f mS ;r_rsm;wGif yg0ifc=Jh uonf@ vdi_ f
om,m+rdK@e,f tzGJ@csKyfrS udo k ef;Edik /f OD;wif,/k rvSvaS rmf/ udpk ;dk rif;rif;ESifh =unf@jrifwidk +f rdK@e,f tzGJ@csKyfrS ud&k ef
Edik xf eG ;f wdk@uv dk nf; etzu =o*kwv f (27)&ufae@ naeydik ;f wGif zrf;qD;cJo h nf?
etzppftpd;k &rSm zGJ@pnf;yHt k ajccHOya' (2008)udk wzufowf twnfjyKcJ+h yD;csed rf pS I tzGJ@csKyftygt0if
twdu k tf cHtm;vH;k udk jyif;jyif;xefxef ydrk Edk ySd u f yG af eojzifh tzGJ@csKyfEiS fh etz. qufqaH &;rSm tqd;k qH;k tajc
taeudk a&muf&v dS mae+yD[k oH;k oyfygonf?

P DC Ne ws C o mm e nt ar y ~ Se pt e m be r , 2 0 08 P ag e 2 o f 1 0
ppppt
ft
f pp;kd ;kd &&EEiS iS hf hf w
wikd ikd ;f ;f &ⅈf ;f o
omm;;t
tzz@JG t
@JG tppn
n;f ;f rrsmsm;; q
quuq
fq
f aH aH &&;;t
taajjcct
taaee??
etzu typf&yftzGJ@rsm;udk zdtm;ay;+yD; vufeufcscidk ;f v#u&f o dS nf? etz. zdtm;ay;r_rsm;a=umifh
=o*kwv f (3)&ufae@wiG f OD;wmuv,f acgi;f aqmifaom &vvz tzGJ@onf vufeufcsc&Jh a=umif; od&&dS onf?
&yc 'kwidk ;f rSL; Adv k rf LS ;csKyf cspOf ;D ESifh p&z t&m&dS Adv k rf LS ; 0if;bdk wdk@. trdef@jzifh &Sr;f jynf awmifyidk ;f qDqidk +f rdK@e,f
aemifaxmf aus;&Gmtajcpdu k f &vvzA[dXk mecsKyfudk cr& (426) ESifh cv&(250) ppfa=umif;rsm;u 0dik ;f 0ef;
ydwq f dk@I twif;tuswf vufeufcscidk ;f cJjh cif;jzpfa=umif; od&&dS onf? etz u &vvz xHrS vufeufrsKd ;pHk (62)
vufudk odr;f ydu k cf o Jh nf? &vvz tzGJ@taejzifh vmrnf@ 2010 a&G;aumufyw GJ iG f yg0if ,SO+f ydKif&ef OD;pd;k atmif
vGiEf iS fh OD;pdeaf &$wd wk@d acgi;f aqmifrnf@ Edik if aH &;ygww D &yfudk zGJ@pnf;xlaxmif&ef jyifqifaea=umif; od&&dS onf?
Etzwyfrsm;u &vvz A[dXk mecsKyf aemifaxmfudk qufvuford ;f ydu k x f m;+yD; ppfpcef;wck ESifh &Jpcef;wckudk zGifh
vSp&f ef tpDtpOf&adS =umif; od&&dS onf? &Sr;f jynftwGi;f &dS typf&yftzGJ@rsm;teuf &Sr;f jynf trsKd ;om;wyfrawmf
(SSNA)/ yavmifjynfvw G af jrmufa&;wyfrawmf (PSLA) ESifh &vvz (SNPLO) tzGJ@ wdk@rmS ppftpd;k &xH
t+yD;tydik f vufeufcsc&Jh +yD;jzpfonf? vufeufrcsao;bJ use&f adS eao;aom typf&yftzGJ@rsm;rSm (MNDA)
ud;k uef@tzGJ@/ (UWSA) 0 tzG tzGJ@/ (NDAA) rkid ;f vm;tzGJ@/ SSA(N) &Sr;f jynfwyfrawmfajrmufyidk ;f / (KDA)
ucsiu f muG,af &;wyfrawmf ESifh ytdk@0t f rsKd ;om;wyfrawmf (PNA) wdk@ jzpf=uonf?
&ycwdik ;f rSL;opf Adv k rf LS ;csKyf&mjynf@ u wdik ;f &if;om; typf&yftzGJ@tm;vH;k 2009 ckEpS f rukerf D vufeuf
tyf&rnf[k xdik ;f jrefrme,fpyf [drk ed ;f a'oodk@ vma&mufppfaq;pOf =o*kwv f (19)&ufae@Y [drk ed ;f a'ozG+H zdK;wd;k
wufa&;tzGJ@ (SSS) acgi;f aqmif r[m*sm udk ajymqdck aJh =umif; od&&dS onf? ryc wdik ;f rSL;opf Adv k rf LS ;csKyf pd;k 0if;
uvnf; =o*kwv f (24)&ufae@wiG f OD;rxkaemf. (KDA) tzGJ@rS acgi;f aqmifrsm;udk ac:,lawG@q+Hk yD; wyfrawmf
ESivfh ufwI GJ SSA (S) udk wdu k cf u dk &f ef trdef@ay;cJah =umif; od&&dS onf?
SSA(N) . A[dXk mecsKyf pdeaf usmw h iG f usi;f yjyKvkyaf eonf@ wveD;yg;=um ta&;ay:tpnf;ta0;rSm
=o*kwv f (4)&ufae@wiG f +yD;qH;k cJah =umif;od ;od&&dS onf? w&m;0ifa=ujimcsuf xkwjf yefcjJh cif;r&daS omfvnf; ta&;}uD;
aom qH;k jzwfcsuw f csKd @udk csrw S Ef idk cf oJh nf[k od&onf? SSA(N) taejzifh etz. 2010 a&G;aumufyw GJ iG f 0if
a&muf,OS +f ydKif&efq;Hk jzwfcaJh =umif; BBC jrefrmydik ;f tpDtpOf. Zlvidk (f 29)&ufae@ toHvi$ cfh suu f dk r[kwrf rSef
a=umif; jiif;qdck o Jh nf?
=o*kwv f (16)&ufae@ &ufpjGJ zifh rGejf ynfopfygwrD S xkwjf yefco Jh nf@ (61)ESpaf jrmuf rGet f rsdK;om; awmf
vSeaf &;ae@ xkwjf yefa=ujimcsuw f iG f vufeufuidk v f rl sKd ;pk awmfveS af &;tzGJ@rsm;twGuf ta&;}uD;aom Edik if aH &;
tvSnf@tajymif ajymif;umvw&yfudk a&muf&v dS m+yDjzpfI rGejf ynfopfygwt D aejzifh rdrw d dk@.&nfreS ;f csut f wGuf r[m
rdwf 'Dru dk a&pDEiS fh vlrsKd ;pktzGJ@rsm;ESit fh wl tedrf@q;Hk bHv k yk if ef;pOfw&yf&mS azG+yD; qufvuf&yfwnf oGm;rnfjzpf
a=umif;/ jzpfvmEdik o f nf@ awGa0opPmazgurf r_ sm;udk jywf jywjf ywfom;om;qef@usi+f yD; ygwED iS fh vufwrGJ jzKwfpwrf;
atmifyyGJ ef;wdik t f xd csDwufomG ;=u&ef az:jycJo h nf? etzu rGejf ynfopfygwrD S tem;ay;cJah om ppfO;D pD;csKyf
a[mif; Adv k cf sKyfatmifEidk u f dk pnf;&H;k odr;f oGi;f I vufeufrsm;wyfqifay;v#u&f adS =umif; od&&dS onf?
etzudk qufvufwu dk yf 0GJ ifv#u&f o dS nf@ KNU tzGJ@url “ trsKd ;om;acgi;f aqmif apmbOD;}uD;. rl(4)
csuu f dk qufvufuidk pf =GJ u&ef/ trsKd ;om;a&;wdu k yf 0GJ ifaeonf
eonfh r[mrdwrf sm;ESit fh wl vufwwd GJwu kd yf 0GJ if&efEiS fh
&efo. l oyfv#Kd +zdKcGrJ r_ sm;udk owd}uD;}uD;xm;=u&ef” =o*kwv f (12)&uf
(12)&uf u&ift h mZmenfae@ o0%fvm$ wGif az:
jycJo h nf? KNU xdr;f csKyfe,fajrrsm;wGiv f nf; etzu e,fajr&Si;f vif;a&;jyKvkyaf eojzifh wdu k yf rGJ sm; qufvuf
jzpfymG ;v#uf &do S nf? SSA (S) e,fajrwGiv f nf; etzu wyftiftm;rsm; wd;k csJ@v#u&f o dS nf? SSA (S) Xme
csKyfwnf&&dS m vG,w f idk ;f v#e;f a'owGif etzu wyf&if;(3)&if; xyfrI H tiftm;jznf@wif;cJo h nf? SSA (S) wyf
rsm;uvnf; vlopfpak qmif;r_rsm;udk wd;k csJ@jyKvkyv f #u&f o dS nf?
tiftm;t}uD;qH;k typf&yftzGJ@jzpfonf@ UWSA 0 wyfzGJ@rsm;uvnf; tiftm;wd;k csJ@ wnfaqmuf
v#u&f o dS nf? yefqef;XmecsKyfwiG v f nf; MA-30 [k trnfay;xm;aom AK-47 trsKd ;tpm; armif;jyefaoeyf
xkwv f yk o f nf@puf&rHk sm; wnfaqmufxm;a=umif; od&&dS onf? etzuvnf; &Sr;f jynfta&S@awmifyidk ;f &dS wdik ;f &if;

P DC Ne ws C o mm e nt ar y ~ Se pt e m be r , 2 0 08 P ag e 3 o f 1 0
om;tzGJ@rsm;udk Edik Ef idk ef if;eif; xdr;f csKyfEidk &f eftwGuf rdik ;f qwf udk A[djk yKI rdik ;f qwf/ rdifki;f jyif;/ rdik ;f wHEk iS fh yHyk gusif
+rdK@e,fc/GJ [drk ed ;f +rdK@e,fcrGJ sm;yg0ifrnf@ ppfwidk ;f opfwckudk xyfrzH iG v fh pS &f ef pDpOfaea=umif; od&&dS onf?
etzonf ajray:wdik ;f &if;om;ygwrD sm;udv k nf; ydrk zdk Ed ySd v f #u&f o dS nf? CRPP tzGJ@. twGi;f a&;rSL;
OD;at;omatmif (63ES (63ESp)f udk aemufa,mifcv H u
dk af eaom p&z tzGJ@0ifwOD;u =o*kwv f (24)&ufae@wiG f OD;at;
omatmif tm; trSw(f 38)um;vdik ;f ay:rStqif;wGif ajcxd;k cHco Jh jzifh um;ay:rSjyKwfus+yD; ajcESiv fh ufwdk@wiG f
'%f&mrsm; &&do S mG ;cJo
h nf? UNA tzGJ@. ajymcGi&fh yk*K~d vfvnf;jzpf Zdrk ;D trs trsKd ;om;uGe*f &uf. OuUXvnf;jzpf
aom OD;ylusi&fh iS ;f xef u etzppftpd;k &ESifh rpPwm*rfbm&D wdk@. vkyu f idk yf rHk sm;udk =o*kwv f (22)&ufae@wiG f a0
befajymqdck o Jh nf?
etztaejzifh 2010 a&G;aumufyrGJ wdik rf SD wdik ;f &if;om;typf&yftzGJ@rsm;tm;vH;k udk vufeufpeG f@&ef
twif;tustuswf zdtm;ay;ae+yDjzpfI typf&yftzGJ@tm;vH;k ab;uswef u H swf tajctaersm;ESifh &ifqidk af e=u&+yD
jzpfygonf? a&S@quf+yD; tajctaersm; ydrk w dk if;rmvmbG,f &dyS gonf? tiftm;enf;aom odk@r[kwf tiftm;
toift h wif&h adS om typf&yftzGJ@rsm;rSm &vvz tzGJ@uo Jh dk@ tpdwpf w d t f r$mr$rm$ +zdKcGcJ &H +yD; aemufq;Hk vufeufcs
t!H@c&H rnf@ tajctaeodk@ a&muf&o dS mG ;Edik o
f nf[k oH;k oyfygonf?

t
tzz@JG c@JG csKsKyyEf Ef iS iS jhf jhfyyn
nw
fw
f iG iG ;f ;f t
twwu
kd u
kd t
ft
f cct
Ht
H zz@JG r@JG rsmsm;;..v
vy_ y_ &f &f mS mS ;;rr@_ r@_ rsmsm;;??
tmqD,cH smwm(tmqD,yH ËdnmOfpmwrf;)onf a'owGi;f &dv S x l t k wGuf tusKd ;jzpfxeG ;f aprnf@ tajccH
aumif;rsm;yg0if ;yg0ifojzifh trsKd ;om;'Dru dk a&pDtzGJ@csKyfu }udKqdak omfvnf; jrefrmEdik if YH tqdyk g csmwm twdik ;f
tusKd ;oufa&mufr&_ adS p&ef tmqD,t H zGJ@wiG f wm0ef&rdS nf[k =o*kwv f (5)&ufae@xw k f a=ujimcsuw f iG f az:jycJh
onf? =o*kwv f qef;ydik ;f Y jrefrmEdik if o H dk@a&muf&v dS maom ukvor*~ or*v ~ l@tcGit fh a&;ud, k pf m;vS,f Mr. Tomas
Quintana udk tzGJ@csKyf CEC rsm;u awG@qcHk +Jh yD; jrefrmEdik if . H vuf&v dS l@tcGitfh a&;tajctaersm;udk wifjy
cJ=h uonf@tjyif tif;pdet f usO;f axmifY xdr;f odr;f cHae&onf@ tzGJ@csKyfacgi;f aqmif owif;pmq&m}uD; OD;0if;wif
ESifh rpkpaEG kaEG; wdk@tjyif t&Si*f rB&D / udo k &l ed af tmifEiS fh udak usmaf usmf wdk@uvnf; axmifwiG ;f vl@tcGit fh a&; tajc
taersm;udk wifjycJ=h uonf? r=umcifjyefvw $ af y;atmif ulnrD nf[k Mr. Tomas Quintana . ajymqdck suf
udk OD;0if;wifu wkef@jyef&mwGif rdrw d pfO;D wnf;vGwrf nfqv dk #if rvdv k m;a=umif
m;a=umif;/ Edik if aH &;tusO;f om;tm;vH;k
vGwaf jrmufa&;udomaqmif komaqmif&u G af y;&ef ajymqd ajymqdck a=umif
Jha=umif;od&&dS onf? t&Si*f rB&D uvnf; 2007 pufwbFm oHCmh
qENjyyGt J wGi;f tzrf;cHc&Jh onf@ r*~iaf usmif;wdu k Ef iS fh aiG=um,Hausmif;wdu k rf S oHCmawmf(200)ausmt f wGuf
pHpk rf;ppfaq;ay;&ef
q;ay;&ef awmif;qdkcaJh =umif; od&&dS onf?
jrefrmEdik if o H dk@ a&muf&adS eaom ukvtxl;ud, k pf m;vS,f Mr. Ibrahim Gambari udk NLD CEC
(5)OD;u (2)}udrw f idk f vuQaH wG@qHk aqG;aEG;cJah omfvnf; *rfbm&D. qENrt}udrcf &D;pOfonf vufqw k vf ufuidk f
jyEdik af omwd;k wufr_ wpHw k &mr&daS =umif; =o*kwv f (29)&ufae@ &ufpEGJ iS fh xkwjf yefco Jh nf@ tzGJ@csKyf.txl;a=ujim
csuw f iG f az:jycJo h nf? a':atmifqef;pk=unfu *rfbm&Dudk vufcaH wG@qjHk cif;rjyKonf@tay: rEWav;wdik ;f rdwD̂
vm+rdK@e,ftzGJ@csKyfuaxmufcaH =umif; qH;k jzwfc+Jh yD; jrefrmh'rD u dk a&pDa&;wGif ukvor*~ud ukd tm;ud;k r&Edik [ f v k nf;
=o*kwv f (25)&ufae@wiG f a0befajymqdck o Jh nf? rEWav;wdik ;f ta&S@ajrmuf+rdK@e,f tzGJ@csKyf. =o*kwv f (31)&uf
ae@ vywftpnf;ta0;uvnf; *rfbm&D. vky&f yfrsm;ESifh xdik ;f 0ef}uD;csKyf qrwf. a':atmifqef;pk=unftay:
a0befajym=um;r_rsm;udk uef@uu G &f H_@csa=umif; qH;k jzwfc=Jh uonf? tzGJ@csKyf A[dt k rsKd ;orD;vkyif ef;tzGJ@uvnf;
a':atmifqef;pk=unfEiS w fh uG Edik if aH &;tusO;f om;tm;vH;k vGwaf jrmufa&;twGu&f nfp;l I oHCmtyg; (100)
ausmu f dk tywfpOft*Fgae@widk ;f tzGJ@csKyf&;Hk a&S@Y qGr;f avmif;cJo h nf?
0g&ifEh idk if aH &;orm;}uD
&;orm;}uD;rsm;uvnf; etzu a':atmifqef;pk=unfudk +cHtjyifrS toHcsJ@pufjzifh atmf[pf
zdw=f um;cJo h nf@vyk &f yftay: a0befajymqdck o Jh nf? a':atmifqef;pk=unfu tusO;f om;rsm;.&ydik cf iG t fh wGuf
qENjyawmif;qdak er_uv dk nf; 0g&ifEh idk if aH &;vkyaf z:udik zf ufrsm;tzGJ@u axmufco H nf@tjyif ydrk dk tm;aumif;atmif
vnf; yH@yd;k ay;oGm;rnf[k ajymqdck o Jh nf?

P DC Ne ws C o mm e nt ar y ~ Se pt e m be r , 2 0 08 P ag e 4 o f 1 0
 ,QKvtwGi;f ESp(f 20)jynf@ &Spaf v;vH;k txdr;f trSwf v_y&f mS ;r_rsm;vnf; +rdK@wcsKd @Y jzpfymG ;cJhonf? =o*kwf
v (8)&ufae@ reufwiG f trsKd ;orD;(6)OD;tygt0if vli,f(50)cef@u &cdik jf ynfe,f awmifuw k +rd
f+rdK@wiG f +idr;f csr;f pGm
pDwef;vSnf@vnf qENjycJo h jzifh tm%mydik rf sm;u zrf;qD;cJo h nf? ppfawGwuUov dk rf S ausmif;olausmif;om;rsm;
u teufa&mifwn l 0D wfprHk sm;udk 0wfqifc=Jh u+yD; oHw+GJ rdK@rS 88rsKd ;qufausmif;om;rsm;u atmif"rR&yd o f m
ausmif;wdu k Yf qGr;f uyf tr# tr#a0cJ=h uonf? ppfawG+rdK@wiG f oHCmrsm;qENjyrnf qdo k nf@owif;rsm;ay:xGucf Jh
ojzifh etzu vH+k cHKa&;rsm; wif;uswpf mG csxm;cJo h nf?
&efuek +f rdK@ ae&mtESH@tjym;wGif &Spaf v;vH;k txdr;f trSwf teDa&mifaq;yufjzef;onf@ v_y&f mS ;r_rsm; ay:
aygucf o Jh nf? wuUov dk /f aumvdyaus fausmif;wcsKd @Yvnf; teufa&mif0wfprHk sm; 0wfqifonf@vy_ &f mS ;r_ ay:aygucf Jh
onf? &efuek w f idk ;f wGaH w;+rdK@rS usL&Siq f &m OD;atmifaz uvnf; 8888 pmwef;yg tvHuu dk idk uf m +rdK@wiG ;f Y
pufb;D ESiv fh n S f@vnfqENjycJ+h yD; +rdK@vnf&dS Adv k cf sKyfausmufwidk Yf tav;jyKcJo h jzifh etzuzrf;qD;I &Gmom}u;D
pdwZW aq;&Ho k dk@ ydk@aqmifccH &Jh onf? &Spaf v;vH;k v_y&f mS ;r_rsm;ESiq fh ufpyf+yD; a&$jynfom+rdK@e,f (9)&yfuu G rf S udak Zmf
aZmfatmif/ udak Zmf0if;ESifh xef;wyif+rdK@e,frS ud&k efa&$wdk@udk =o*kwv f (7)&ufae@wiG v f nfaumif; =unf@jrifwidk f
wGif aexd aexdik af om HRDP tzGJ@acgi;f aqmif OD;jrifah t;udk (8)&ufae@wiG v f nf;aumif; etzu zrf;qD;cJo h nf?
a&$jynfom uGejf yLwmwuUov dk Yf “&Spaf v;vH;k ae@ 'dk@rarh/ ausmif;om;&S&d if ausmif;om;or*~&&Sd r,f” qdk onf@
pmwef;rsm;uyfonf@vy_ &f mS ;r_rsm; =o*kwv f (30)&ufae@wiG f ay:aygucJfco hJ nf?
&Spaf v;vH;k ESpyf wfvnfvy_ &f mS ;r_rsm;rSpI taxGaxG v_y&f mS ;r_rsm;vnf; wjynfv;Hk tESH@ ay:aygucf o Jh nf?
1967 ckEpS f =o*kwv f (13)&ufae@wiG f jzpfymG ;cJo h nf@ ppfawGqefvyk . GJ (41)ESpaf jrmuf ESpyf wfvnfae@wiG f ppfaw
+rdK@Y aq;eDyufjzef;onf@vy_ &f mS ;r_rsm; ay:ayg ay:aygucf o Jh nf? =o*kwv f (15)&ufae@wiG f awmifuw k +f rdK@ uHyidk &f yfae udk
jrifoh ed ;f acs qdo k u l “'dk@tar a':atmifqef;pk=unfudk v$way;yg fay;yg/ Edik if aH &;tusO;f om;tm;vH;k udk v$waf y;yg”
qdak om ydpk wmudu k idk af qmifI wud, k af wmf csw D ufqENjycJo h jzifh zrf;qD;cHc&Jh onf? ucsijf ynf ynv f ;Hk qdik &f m ausmif;
om;rsm;or*~uvnf; =o*kwv f (17)&ufae@nwGif “etzppfwyf.vl@tcGit fh a&;csKd ;azgurf -_ tvdrk &S/d etzppf
tpd;k &- &-usq;Hk ygap/ 'Drua&pD dkua&pDta&;awmfy-Hk atmif&rnf”ponf@ ydpk wmrsm;udk jrpf}uD;em;+rdK@ &yfuu G (f 8)ckwiG f
uyfc=Jh uonf? =o*kwv f (21)&ufae@ eHuyf idk ;f uvnf; awmif awmiEf iS ajrmuf fhajrmuf'*H '*H+k rdK@e,fwdk@wiG f vli,fwpfpu k OD;aqmif
+yD; ukeaf ps;E_e;f usqif;a&;/ tvkyt f udik t f cGitvrffhtvrf;ay:xGe;f a&;/ a&;/ ponf@&nf&, G cf surs frsm;jzif
;jzifh toHww d f qENjy
vrf;av#mufc=Jh uonf uonf? =o*kwv f (22)&ufae@wiG f ppfawG+rdK@ trSw(f 12)vHx k rd ;f &Jwyf&if;rS t𝔲l +yD; &rf;um;
aeonf@ &JwyfzGJ@0if(3)OD;udk uonf;&yfrS vli,frsm;u 0dik ;f 0ef;&du k Ef u S cf &Jh m &Jwyf=uyf}uD; aZmfrsKd ;xGe;f aoqH;k
oGm;cJo h nf? armifausmpf ;dk vif;(20ESp)f ESifh ayguq f ed f (25ESp)f wdk@tygt0if rouFmolvil ,f (30)cef@udk etzu
zrf;qD;cJah =umif; od&&dS onf? &Spaf v;vH;k ESpyf wfvnfae@u awmifuw k +f rdK@wiG f zrf;qD;cHc&Jh onf@ tzGJ@csKyfygw0D if
(5)OD;udk pufwbFm(5)&uf a&$0ga&mifawmfveS af &; ESpyf wfvnfae@rwdik rf D v$wrf ay;ygu vlxt k iftm;toH;k jyK
rnf[k =o*kwv f (22)&ufae@wiG f jyKvkycf o Jh nf@ awmifuw k +f rdK@ &cdik v f il ,ftpnf;ta0;u qH;k jzwfco Jh nf?
omoemawmfEiS fh jrefrmEdik if . H tuswt f wnf;rsm;udk 0denf;awmfEiS t fh nDyg0ifun l aD jz&Si;f ay;&ef oHCm
awmf(7)yg;OD;aqmifonf@ jrefrmEdik if v H ;Hk qdik &f m vGwv f yfaomoHCmhor*~u D dk zGJ@pnf;cJah =umif; xdt k zGJ@u =o*kwf
v(16)&ufae@wiG f a=ujimcs a=ujimcsuf xkwjf yefco Jh nf? &efuek w f idk ;f ESifh rEWav;wdik ;f twGi;f &Sd oHCmawmftrsm;pkonf
2007 ckEpS f pufwifbmvrSpwifco Jh nfh ywWeu d KU Z…e uHaqmifjcif;udk ,ckxd qufvufjyKvkyv# fv#u&f =dS uonf?
&cdik jf ynfe,ftwGi;f &dS oHCmawmfrsm;taejzifh ywWeu d KU Z…euHaqmifjcif;tr_udk qufvuf vufjyKvk fjyKvyk =f u&ef
jyKv u&ef &cdik jf ynf
e,f awmifuw k +rd
f+rdK@e,f oHCmhu, dk pf m;vS,t f zGJ@u =o*kwv f (23)&ufae@wiG f a=ujimcsux f w k jf yefI Ed;_ aqmfcJh
onf? rauG;wdik ;f yckuLU +rdK@ taemufwu dk rf S oHCmawmfrsm;u etz qufo, G af &;/ pmwdu k Ef iS afh =u; eef;0ef 0ef}uD;
Advk cf sKyfoed ;f aZmfEiS t fh zGzGJ@ vSL'ge;f onf@ypPn;f rsm;udk =o*kwv f (25)&ufae@wiG f jiif;y,fcaJh =umif;od&onf?
=o*kwv f (24)&ufae@ rGe;f vGyJ idk ;f wGif &cdik jf ynfe,f ppfawG+rdK@ uonf;&yf/ pdeaf rmif; bke;f awmf}uD;ausmif;Y
&[ef;ysKd (40)ausmf pka0;+yD; arwWmokw&f w G f pDwef;vrf;av#muf qENjy&ef pDpOfaepOf etzu tcsed rf D wm;qD;
cJo
h nf? =o*kwv f (23)&ufae@n (10)em&Dcef@wiG f etzu &efuek +f rdK@ =unf@jrifwidk +f rdK@e,f om"kausmif;wdu k u f dk
0ifa&mufp;D eif;+yD; pmoifoC H mrsm;jzpfonf@ t&Si"f rRom& ESifh t&Sief EN& wdk@udk zrf;qD;cJhonf?
etzppftpd;k &u jyif;jyif;xef xefxef zdEySd af eonf@=um;u &[ef;&Siv f l ausmif;om;ausmif;olrsm;. ppftm
%m&Sipf epfqef@usiaf &;/ 'Dru dk a&pDa&; v_y&f mS ;r_rsm;rSm &yfwef@roGm;yJ qufvufay:ayguaf eonfudk awG@&yg

P DC Ne ws C o mm e nt ar y ~ Se pt e m be r , 2 0 08 P ag e 5 o f 1 0
onf? &cdik jf ynfe,fEiS fh rEWav;/ rauG;wdik ;f rsm;rS oHCmawmfrsm;. v_y&f mS ;r_rsm;ESifh ausmif
ausmif;om;rsm;. v_y&f mS ;
r_rsm;aygi;f pyf+yD; 2007 pufwbFm a&$0ga&mifawmfveS af &;rsKd ; aemufw}udrjf zpfay:vmrnf@ta&;udk ppftpd;k &u
txl;pd;k &dryf yl rfaea=umif; awG@&&dS ygonf?

ppppf t
f tppd k ;d k ;&&EES iS if h jf h jyyn
nf w f wG iG if ;f ;t
taajjcct taaee??
ppppt
ft
f pp;kd ;kd &&t tzz@JG t@JG tw wiG iG ;f ;f v
vy_ y_ &f &f mS mS ;;aaq
qmmii&f &f u
Gu
G rf rf r_ r_ smsm;; t
taajjcct
taaee??
,QKvtwGi;f etzppftpd;k &u Edik if w H um. axmufcrH &_ &daS &;twGuf ukvor*~vl@tcGit fh a&; ud, k f
pm;vS,f Mr. Tomas Quintana ESifh ukvtxl;ud, k pf m;vS,f Mr. Ibrahim Gambari wdk@udk 0ifciG afh y;
cJ+h yD; 4if;wdk@udk axmufco H rl sm;ESifh awG@qaHk pcJo h nf? =o*kwv f (3)&ufae@wiG f Mr. Quintana udk Edik if aH wmf
r[mem,utzGJ@0if q&mawmf}uD;rsm;tygt0if bmom}u;D (4)ckrS ud, k pf m;vS,rf sm;ESifh awG@qaHk y;cJo h nf? (4)
&ufae@wiG f jrefrmEdik if t H rsKd ;orD;a&;&mtzGJ@EiS fh awG@qaHk y;cJhonf?
Mr. Gambari udk Adv k cf sKyfrLS ;}uD;oef;a&$EiS fh awG@ciG rfh ay;cJ ay;cJah omfvnf; etz0ef}uD;csKyf Adv k cf sKyf}uD;
ode;f pdef ESiv fh nf;aumif;/ Adv k rf LS ;csKyfausmq f ef; acgi;f aqmifaom etzajyma&;qdck iG t fh zGJ@EiS vfh nf;aumif; awG@qHk
ay;cJo h nf? uGr;f +cHuek ;f +rdK@e,fY etzu em*pf em*pf jyefvnfxal xmifa&;vkyif ef;rsm; aqmif&u G af eyHw k dk@uv dk nf; =o
*kwv f (19)&ufae@wiG f vdu k v f jH yocJo h nf? udak t;vGif acgi;f aqmifaom 88rsKd ;qufausmif;om;rsm;(jynfaxmif
pjref
kjrefrmEkid if )H / a'guwf mpd;k vif; OD;aqmifaom 0HomEktrsKd ;om;'Dru dk a&pDtzGJ@csKyf wdk@tjyif etzESifh typftcwf
&yfpx J m;aom u&iftzGJ@tpnf;rsm;rS acgi;f aqmif aqmifrsm;ESiv fh nf; =o*kwv f (20) &ufae@Y awG@qHak y;cJo h nf? a':
atmifqef;pk=unfudk acgi;f rmoltjzpf yHak z:jyoEdik &f efvnf; pepfwus pDpOfvyk af qmifco Jh nf?
etzonf &Spaf v;vH;k ESpyf wfvnfae@ v_y&f mS ;r_rsm;ESifh oHCmhvy_ &f mS ;r_rsm; ray:ayguaf tmifvnf; zdEySd f
acsre_ ;f rsm;udk wd;k jrSiv fh yk af qmifco Jh nf? &efuek w f idk ;f twGi;f &Sd oHCmawmfrsm;udk n(7)em&DrS eHeuf(4)em&Dxd
ausmif;wdu k jf yifyrxGu&f ef Edik if aH wmfoC H mh r[mem,utzGJ@rw S qifh =o*kwv f (6)&ufae@wiG f !$e=f um;csuf
xkwjf yefcidk ;f cJo h nf? =o*kwv f (18)&ufae@wiG f &cdik jf ynfe,fomoema&;rS omoema&;rSL; OD;wif0if; u &cdik jf ynfe,f oHCmh
omoe
em,utzGJ@0if q&mawmf(28)yg;udk ppfawG+rdK@ avmeEN avmeENapwD r[ma0,efomoemhArd mefawmfY yifzh w d +f yD; 2007
pufwbFm a&$0ga&mifawmfveS af &;twGi;f &du k u f ;l xm;aom AD', D u
dk jkd yocJ+h yD; &[ef;twkta,mifrsrsm;tm;
ta&;,l&ef zdtm;ay;cJo h nf? pmwdu k Ef iS afh =u;eef;0ef}uD; vSL'ge;f onf@ypPn;f rsm;udk vufc&H ef yckuLU taemuf
wdu k rf S oHCmawmfrsm;u jiif;y,fco Jh nf@twGuf =o*kwv f (25)&ufae@aemufyidk ;f up+yD; yckuLU +rdK@wiG f vufeuf
udik w f yfrsm;ESifh oHq;l }udK;acGrsm; wd;k jrSicfh sxm;cJo h nf?
&Spaf v;vH;k ESpywf
fywfvnfae@rwdik cf if oHCmawmfrsm;/ ausmif;om;rsm;ESifh Edik if aH &;wufºuGvy_ &f mS ;olrsm; ESifh
tzGJ@csKyfygw0D ifrsm;udk odr;f usKH ;zrf;qD;cJo h nf@tjyif ,Qiu f zrf;qD;xm;olrsm;udv k nf; &H;k xkwpf pfaq;r_rsm;/ pGcJ suf
jyifqifajymif;vJrr_ sm;/ ESp&f n S af xmif'%fcsrw S rf r_ sm; jyKvkyjf ycJo h nf? AuorS udrk sKd ;awZ tygt0if ausmif;om;
acgi;f aqmif(2)OD;udk =o*kwv f (7)&ufae@ naeydik ;f wGif zrf;qD;cJo h nf? avmifpmqDaps; usqif;a&;qENjyr_rsm;jzifh
,QiEf pS u f wnf;u tif;pdeaf xmifYzrf;qD;xm;cJah om udrk sKd ;oef@(*|eaf emfom)/ Zifvif;atmif/ pnfoal rmif rmif/ udk
ode;f aqG/ &Jjrwf[ed ;f / &Jrif;OD;ESifh =unfjzLwdk@udk ,Qiu f pGq J xdk m;aom yk'rf 124(u)tjyif yk'rf 505(c)/ 295(u)/
147/ 145/ 143 wdk@jzifh xyfrw H ;dk csJ@ pGq
J cdk o Jh nf?
,Qiv f twGi;f &efuek b f w l m}u;D Y zrf;qD;cJo h nf@ oHCmawmf(9)yg;udv k nf; omoemawmf!;dk EGr;f atmif
vkyaf qmifrp_ cGJ sujf zifh csucf si;f &H;k wif+yD; axmif'%f(2)ESppf D csrw S cf oJh nf? axmif'%f(4)ESpf csrw S cf x H m;&+yD;jzpf
onf@ HRDP tzGJ@0if OD;vS&edS u f dk aemuftr_wckjzifh axmif'%f(3)v xyf rHcsrw S cf o
Jh nf? vGecf o Jh nf@EpS f a&$0g
a&mifawmfveS af &;wGif OD;aqmifcJco hJ w l OD;jzpfonf@ Auoausmif;aom;acgi;f aqmif udpk nfoal rmif. rdbrsm;jzpf
onf@ OD;yDwmESifh a':EkEak qG wdk@udk pGcJ su(f 3)ckjzifh =o*kwv f (20)&ufae@wiG f axmif'%f(6)ESppf D csrw S cf oJh nf?
wGaH w;+rdK@e,frS tzGJ@csKyfygw0D if rpENmudv k nf; yk'rf 353 0wW&m;aESmuf,u S rf /_ yk'rf 294 qJa&;wdik ;f xGmr_ pGcJ suf
rsm;jzifh wGaH w;+rdK@e,fw&m;&H;k u =o*kwv f (26)&ufae@wiG f axmif'%f (1)ESpEf iS fh (1)v csrw S cf o
Jh nf? vGecf o Jh nf@

P DC Ne ws C o mm e nt ar y ~ Se pt e m be r , 2 0 08 P ag e 6 o f 1 0
ESpf pufwbFmqENjyr_EiS yfh wfouf+yD; zrf;qD;xm;cJo h nf@ bku d av;+rdK@e,f tzGJ@csKyfOuUX OD;atmifcifAv dk /f twGi;f
a&;rSL; OD;armifarmifcsp/f wGb J uftwGi;f a&;rSL; a':rdrpd ed /f b¾ma&;rSL; a':cifav;/ pnf;tzGJ@0if OD;oufxeG ;f ESifh
OD;ode;f xGe;f wdk@uv dk nf; yk'rf 143/ yk'rf 505(c) wdk@jzifh =o*kwv f (28)&ufae@wiG f axmif'%f (2)ESpcf pGJ D csrw S cf Jh
onf? ukeaf ps;E_e;f usqif;a&; wud, k af wmfqENjyr_jzifh vGecf o Jh nf@EpS f =o*kwv f twGi;f zrf;qD;xm;cJo h nf@ ykord f
+rdK@rS OD;at;0if;udv k nf; yk'rf 505(c)/ yk'rf 143(u)wdk@jzifh =o*kwv f (29)&ufae@wiG f axmif'%f(2)ESpf csrw S cf Jh
onf?
vGecf o Jh nf@EpS f pufwbFmoHCmhqENjyyGEJ iS yfh wfoufI zrf;qD;xm;aom aajrmuf jrmufOuUvmy opPmo&zl
ausmif;wdu k rf S t&Sipf ENm0& udk =o*kwv f (12)&ufae@wiG f tif;pdeaf xmifwiG ;f ta&S@yidk ;f c&dik w f &m;&H;k Y =um;em
ppfaq;cJo h nf? vl&i$ af wmf udZk muemac: udo k &l / tm;upm;*sme,ft,f'w D ma[mif; udak ZmfoufaxG;ESifh 4if;
.vkyf az:udik zf uf udo k ef@Zifatmif tmiEf iS fh udw k ifarmifat;wdk@udk tif;pdeaf xmifwiG ;f oD;oef@w&m;&H;k Y =o*kwv f
(14)&ufae@u &H;k xkwpf pfaq;cJo h nf? udZk muemESifh (4)OD;tr_udk =o*kwv f (21)&ufae@wiG f xyfrpH pfaq;cJ+h yD;
pGcJ su(f 7)ckjzifh w&m;pGq J Edk idk &f ef etzu jyifqifaea=umif; 4if;.a&S@ae OD;atmifoefde;f u ajymqdck o Jh nf? vGecf Jh
onf@EpS f pufwbFm oHCmhqENjyr_jzifh zrf;qD;xm;cJah om jrefrmEdik if v H ;Hk qdik &f moHCmhwyfaygi;f pk acgi;f aqmif
t&Si*f rB&D tygt0if (11)OD;udv k nf; =o*kwv f (19)&ufae@EiS fh (27)&ufae@wdk@wiG f tif;pdeaf xmif&dS oD;oef@w&m;
&H;k Y &H;k xkwI f w&m;pG
w&m;pGq J cdk o Jh nf? ukeaf ps;E_e;f usqif;a&;qENjyacgi;f aqmif udx k ifausmu f v
dk nf; =o*kwv f (20)
&ufae@wiG f tif;pdeaf xmifwiG ;f &dS taemufyidk ;f c&dik w f &m;&H;k wGif &H;k xkwpf pfaq;cJo h nf?
pufwbFmqENjyyGEJ iS yfh wfoufI zrf;qD;cHc&Jh aom tzGJ@csKyf rEWav;wdik ;f pnf;tzGJ@0if aa':0if ':0if;jrjr tyg
t0if (6)OD;.tr_uv dk nf; rEWav; tdb k adk xmifwiG ;f &dS txl;w&m;&H;k Y pGcJ su(f 8)ckjzifh =o*kwv f (21)&ufae@wiG f
yxrqH;k t}udrf &H;k xkwpf pfaq;cJo h nf? wpfEpS af usm=f um zrf;qD;xdr;f odr;f xm;cJo h nf@ udrk if;udEk idk f ESifh udjk rat;
wdk@tygt0if 88rsKd ;quf ausmif ausmif;om;acgi;f aqmifrsm;udv k nf; =o*kwv f (27)&ufae@wiG f tif;pdeaf xmif oD;oef@
w&m;&H;k Y yxrqH;k t}udrt f jzpf &H;k xkwpf pfaq;cJo h nf?
&Spaf v;vH;k ESpyf wfvnfae@Y qENjyv_y&f mS ;r_rsm; ray:ayguaf p&ef etzu +rdK@}uD;rsm;tygt0if wjynfv;Hk
Y vH+k cHKa&;wif;uswx f m;cJo h nf? &ef &eu f ek /f rEWav;/ ppfawG/ yJc;l wdk@tygt0if +rdK@}uD;rsm;wGif &ufowWywf (2)ywf
}udKwifI vHx k rd ;f &Jrsm;udk xlxyfpmG csxm;cJo h nf@tjyif wjynfv;Hk &dS +rdK@e,f&pJ cef;rsm;udkvnf; rsu&f nf,Adk ;Hk ypf
aoeyfrsm;ESifh tvlreD , D 'H idk ;f rsm;udk xkwaf y;cJo h nf? vlxu k dk tm&Hak jymifjymif;&eftwGuf azgucf aGJ &;orm;(4)OD; jynf
wGi;f odk@ 0ifa&mufvma=umif; a=ujimcsurf sm;vnf; xkwjf yefco Jh nf? xdik ;f jrefrm e,fpyfwav#mufwiG v f nf;
vH+k cHKa&;wyfrsm;udk wd;k csJ@csxm;cJo h nf?
etzonf avmifpmqDaps;E_e;f rsm;udk wd;k jrSiafh e&ojzifh ukeaf ps;E_e;f rsm; tqrwef tqrwef wd;k jrifv h mjcif;tyg
t0if pD;yGm;a&;qkw, f w k u f sqif;vmaeonf@ aemufqufwjGJ y\ y\emrsKd ;pHu k dk &ifqidk af e&onf? =o*kwv f (22)
&ufae@rS (24)&ufae@txd "gwq f w D pf*gvH (3³75) FEC / 'DZ,fqw D pf*gvH (4³2) FEC aps;ESifh a&mif;csae csae&mrS
ae&mrS
(25)&ufae@wiG f "gwq f w D pf*gvH (4³0) FEC / 'DZ,fqw D pf*gvH (4³4) FEC aps;odk@ wd;k jrSicfh aJh =umif; od&&dS
onf? ukvor*~ tzGJ@tpnf;rsm;ESifh oHwrefum;rsm;udrk l "gwq f w D pf*gvH (3³7) FEC / 'DZ,fqw D pf*gvH (4³0)
FEC jzifh cGjJ cm;owfrw S xm;a=umif
fxm;a=umif; od&&dS onf? &efuek rf S jrefrmwjynfv;Hk odk@ ajy;qGaJ eonf@ ta0;ajy;um; ta0;ajy;um;
*dwf (150)ausmrf S armfawmf,mOfrsm;twGuf avmifpmqDrsm;udk jyifyayguaf ps;jzifh 0,f,t l oH;k jyKae&ojzifh
,mOfp;D cESifh ukew f ifcrsm; jrifw h ufvm+yD; pD;olO;D a&usqif;vmaea=umif; od&&dS onf? aejynfawmfY tvkyv f yk f
ae=uaom 0efxrf;trsm;pkrmS vnf; ,mOfp;D caps;E_e;f rsm;a=umifh rdom;pk&&dS m &efuek o f dk@ yHrk eS rf jyefEidk o f jzifh vlr_
a&;jy\
a&;jy\emrsm;ESifh rauseyfrr_ sm; wd;k yGm;vmaeonf?
pGr;f tif0ef}uD;Xmeydik f pufo;Hk qDta&mif;qdik tm;vH ftm;vH;k wGif tuef@towfjzifo h m a&mif;csv#u&f aSd om
"gwq f ED iS fh 'DZ,frsm;udk =o*kwv f (22)&ufae@ e@rSpI FEC jzifh vdo k avmuf pwif0,f,cl iG jfh yKvku d &f m aps;uGuf
wGif FEC aps;rsm; w&Sed x f ;dk xd;k wufomG ;cJonf honf? avmifpmqDrsm;udk vHak vmufatmif wifoiG ;f Edik jf cif;r&daS omf
vnf; etztwGuf ta&;w}u;D vdt k yfae aom tcGeb f ¾maiGrsm; &&daS p&eftwGuf w&m;r0if armfawmfqidk f
u,frsm;udk Zlvidk v f (1)&ufae@rpS +yD; vdik pf ifrsm;csay;v#u&f &dS m tcGeaf iG usyu f ak Ë(3000)cef@ &&dES idk rf nf[k etz
u cef@reS ;f xm;a=umif; od&&dS onf? ppftpd;k &u xDvufrw S rf sm;udv k nf; wd;k csJ@a&mif;csv#u&f &dS m vmrnf@ puf

P DC Ne ws C o mm e nt ar y ~ Se pt e m be r , 2 0 08 P ag e 7 o f 1 0
wbFmv (237)}udraf jrmuf atmifbmavxDzGziG yfh rGJ pI SpI tuQ&m(2)vH;k xyfw;dk oGm;&ef pDpOfaea=umif ea=umif; od&&dS
onf?
,QKESptf wGuf Edik if jH cm;c&D;oGm;vkyif ef;rsm;rSmvnf; (80)&mcdik Ef e_ ;f txd usqif;oGm;onf[k jrefrmEdik if H
c&D;oGm;vkyif ef;&Sit f oif;u xkwaf z:ajymqdck o Jh nf? &efuek -f csi;f rdik f tywfpOfajy;qGaJ eaom tJrEWav; v; av
a=umif;vdik ;f udk acwW&yfqidk ;f cJ&h onf? tar&duefEidk if . H pD;yGm;a&;ydwq f dk@ta&;,lrr_ sm;a=umifh puFmylrw S qifh
Edik if w H umESifh ukeo f ,G af &;vkyif ef;rsm; vkyu f idk af eol eHrnf}uD;pD;yGm;a&;vkyif ef;&Sif OD;awZ rSm w&kwef ,fpyf
ukeo f , G af &;vkyif ef;rsm;udk ajymif;vJvyk u f idk &f ef =o*kwv f (21)&ufae@wiG f rlq,f euo rS wm0ef&o dS rl sm;ESifh
vma&muf!EdS id_ ;f cJo h nf? bk&ifah emif ukepf nf'idk rf sm;odk@vnf; aiGa=u;awmifw h if;aomvkyif ef;&Sirf sm; 0ifa&muf
vmojzifh yJaps;rsm;rSm (11)&mcdik Ef e_ ;f rS (22)&mcdik Ef e_ ;f txd ckew f ufomG ;+yD; aps;uG
aps;uGuw f ckv;Hk uarmufurjzpfae
a=umif; od&&dS onf?
,QKvtwGi;f ppftpd;k &. tajctaeudk +cHKIoH;k oyf&v#if avmifpmqDaps;E_e;f }uD;jrifrh r_ sm;a=umifh ukef
aps;E_e;f rsm; jrifw h ufvmaeonf@jy\ y\emESifh pD;yGm;a&;xdik ;f rdi_ ;f vmaeonf@jy\ y\emrsm;udk ajyvnfatmif ajz&Si;f
Edifkipf rG ;f r&doS jzifh wyGw J ;dk enf;rsm;jzifo
h m ajz&Si;f aeonfudk awG@&onf? zdEySd rf r_ sKd ;pHk wd;k jrSijfh yKvkyaf eonf@=um;rS
&[ef;&Siv f /l jynforl sm;. qef@usirf u _ dk ydrk cdk vH mae&ojzifh ppftpd;k &wGif pd;k &dryf yl rfrr_ sm;jzpfay:aea=umif; awG@&dS
&ygonf?

jjyyn
nofo
f v
lv
l x
lx
l .
k.
k pp;D ;D yymG mG ;;aa&&;;// v
vrl rl a_ a_ &&;;t
taajjcct
taaeerrsmsm;;??
etzppftpd;k &u avmifpmqDaps;E_e;f rsm;udk wpfqjr‡iw fh ifvu dk of jzifh wpfEpS t
f wGi;f Y pm;aomufuek af ps;
rsm; ESpq f jzpfvma=umif; awG@&onf? etzuxkwjf yefonfh pm&if;tif;rsm;t& 2007- 2007-2008 ckEpS t f wGi;f Y pm;
oH;k ukeyf pPn;f aps;E_e;f onf ysr;f r# (33)&mcdik E_fEe_ ;f txd jrifwuf hwufcJcahJ =umif; awG@&d&S onf? em*pfrek w f idk ;f wduk cf wf+yD;
aemufyifdki;f jynfyodk@omG ;a&muf tvkyv f yk uf idk af omvl
omvli,frsm; ydrk rdk sm;jym;vmonf? puFmylEidk if YH tvky&f mS &ef
&efuek &f dS puFmylo&H ;Hk wGif ADZmav#mufxm;ol vli,fv&l , G rf sm;ESifh ae@pOfjynf@aea=umif; od&&dS onf? tdref ;D csi;f
xdik ;f / rav;&Sm;ESifh w&kwEf idk if rH sm;odk@vnf; e,fpyf*w d rf sm;udk jzwfausmI f vnf;aumif;/ vluek u f ;l olrsm;. tul
tnDjzifv h nf;aumif; xGucf mG aeolta&twGurf mS ae@pOf &mcs&D adS =umif; od&&dS onf?
qif;&JrE_ iS fh tvkyt f udik &Sf&mS ;yg;r_wdk@a=umifh trsKd ;orD;i,ftrsm;tjym; b0ysu=f u&+yD; vlarSmifco dk rm;
rsm;u tdref ;D csi;f Edik if rH sm;odk@ wifydk@jcif;udk cHae=u&onf? w&kw-f jrefrme,fpyfudk jzwfausmI f vluek u f ;l cH&ol
jrefrmtrsKd ;orD;ta&twGurf mS (3)ESpt f wGi;f (200)eD;yg;&dcS +Jh yD; xdt k xJrS av;yHw k pfyrHk mS touf(18)ESpaf tmuf
t&G,rf a&mufao;olrsm;jzpfonf[k ucsit f rsKd ;orD;tpnf;t&H;k xdik ;f Edik if H (KWAT) u =o*kwv f (5)&ufae@
wGif tpD&ifcpH mwapmif xkwjf yefco Jh nf?
&efuek w f idk ;f rS jynfe,frsm;odk@ qefwifydk@ru _ dk uef@owfxm;ojzifh qefaps;tenf;i,f+idraeaomf faeaomfvnf;
&efuek +f rdK@wiG f awmif;pm;olO;D a& ydrk rdk sm;jym;vmaea=umif; od&&dS onf? =o*kwv f (21)&ufae@u xdik ;f e,fpyf rJ
aqmuf+rdK@ w&kwb f aHk usmif;wGijf yKvkycf o Jh nf@ qefvLS yGu J dk jrefrmEdik if o H m; wpfaomif;ausmf vma&muftvSLcHcJh
a=umif; od&&dS onf? qif;&Jiwfjywfr_rr_ sm;a=umifh &efuek t f ygt0if +rdK@}uD;rsm;wGif vlowfrr_ sm;/ azgux f iG ;f r_rsm;
ESifh cd;k r_rsm; ydrk jdk zpfymG ;vmaea=umif; awG@&&dS onf? rkew f idk ;f '%fc&H +yD; (3)vcef@=umcJ+h yD;aemuf vSL'ge;f rnf@ol
r&do S avmufenf;oGm;ojzifh avab;'kuo Q nftrsm;pkrmS pm;eyf&u d mQ ESifh ae&mxdik cf if; rvHak vmufrj_ y\ y\em
rsm;ESifh qufvuf&ifqidk af e=u&a=umif; awG@&&dS ygonf?
=o*kwv f twGi;f yJc;l wdik ;f / {&m0wDwidk ;f / wdk@tygt0if wdik ;f ESijfh ynfe,ftoD;oD;Y rd;k onf;xef+yD; jrpfa&
}uD;cJo h jzifh v,f,mpdu k cf if;trsm;tjym; a&epfysupf ;D cJ&h +yD; vlxrk mvnf Smvnf; 'kurQ sKd ;pHEk iS fh }uHKawG@c=Jh u&onf?

P DC Ne ws C o mm e nt ar y ~ Se pt e m be r , 2 0 08 P ag e 8 o f 1 0
eed Kd Kiif if iH w
H wu
ummzzd t
d tmm;;aayy;;rr_ r_ rssmm;;??
etzppftpd;k &. v_@tcGit fh a&;csKd ;azgurf r_ sm;ESifh 'Dru dk a&pDaz:aqmifa&;twGuf ysuu f u G rf r_ sm;twGuf
pHpk rf;ppfaq;&efEiS fh etzudk zdtm;ay;wdu k w f eG ;f r_rsm;jyKvky&f ef ukvor*~. vl@tcGit fh a&;txl
a&;txl;ud, k pf m;vS,f
Mr. Tomas Quintana ESifh ukvtxl;ud, k pf m;vS,f Mr. Ibrahim Gambari wdk@ jrefrmEdik if o H dk@ oGm;
a&mufc=Jh uonf?
jrefrmEdik if cH &D;pOftwGi;f Gambari u etzppfacgi;f aqmifrsm;/ etzu ausmaxmufaemufcaH y;
xm;aom Edik if aH &;tiftm;pkrsm;ESifh tcsed , f al wG@qcHk +Jh yD; 2010 a&G;aumufyu GJ pd u P dk OD;pm;ay;aqG;aEG;cJo h nf@tay:
Edik if wH umtodik ;f t0dik ;f u tHt h m;oifo h mG ;cJ=h u+yD; ukvor*~udk a0befajymqdak e=ua=umif; =o*kwv f (30)&uf
ae@xw k f Wall Street Journal u a&;om;az:jycJo h nf?
tar&dueforRwESifh orRwuawmf wdk@uvnf; w&kwEf idk if H bD*si;f tdv k yH pfziG yfh GJ wufa&muf&eftoGm;
xdik ;f Edik if o
H dk@0ifa&mufI jrefrmtwdu k t f cHacgi;f aqmifrsm;/ jrefrm'kuo Q nfrsm;ESifh awG@q+Hk yD; jrefrmh'rD u dk a&pDa&;
udk tjynf@t0axmufcaH =umif; jyocJ=h uonf? =o*kwv f (7)&ufae@wiG f tar&dueforRw a*smb h &k Sf u bef
aumuf+rdK@wiG f jrefrmtwdu k t f cHacgi;f aqmifwcsKd @EiS fh ae@vnfpmpm;&if; jrefrmhta&;twGuf tjrifcsi;f zvS,cf Jh
=uonf? jrefrmEdik if w H iG f &yfpuf=urf;=uKwfaomtk aomtkycf syrf u
aom _ dk tqH
tq;Hk owfatmifvyk rf nf/ 'Dru dk a&pDacgi;f aqmif
a':atmifqef;pk=unfudk csucf si;f v$waf y;&efvnf; ppftpd;k &udak wmif;qdrk nf[k a*smb h &k u Sf xnf@oiG ;f ajymqdk
oGm;cJo h nf? ae@vnfpmpm;t+yD; jrefrmowif;Xmersm;ESifh jyKvkycf o Jh nf@ owif;pm&Si;f vif;yGw J iG f tar&duef
orRwu tar&duefjynfaxmifpt k aejzifh jrefrmjynforl sm;udk qufvufun l o D mG ;rnf[k uwdjyKajymqdck o Jh nf?
xdak e@wiG f orRwuawmf avmf&mbk&ESf iS fh orD;jzpfol bmb&mbk&w Sf dk@uvnf; xdik ;f jrefrme,fpyf
rJaqmuf+rdK@&dS a'guw f mpifo, D marmif.aq;cef;ESifh r,fv'kuo Q nfpcef;rsm;udk vSnf@vnf=unf@&_ tm;ay;cJ=h u
+yD; jrefrmh'rD u dk a&pDa&;twGuf tar&duefjynforl sm;u jrefrmjynforl sm;ESifh wom;wnf;&daS =umif;/ jrefrmh'rD dk
ua&pDa&;udk qufvuf axmufct H m;ay;oGm;rnfjzpfa=umif;/ twdu k t f cHrsm;ESifh yGiv fh if;pGm aqG;aEG;&efvnf;
ppftpd;k &udk awmif;qdak =umif; xkwaf z:ajymqdo k mG ;cJo h nf?
etzppftpd;k &tay: tar&duefEiS t fh aemufEidk if rH sm;. pDymG ;a&;yd ;a&;ydwq f dk@r_ ratmifjrif&jcif;rSm jrefrmEdik if H
. tdref ;D csi;f Edik if rH sm;u pD;yGm;a&;ydwyf ifru _ dk rvdv k m;Ijzpfonf[k a*smb h &k u Sf =o*kwv f (1)&ufae@wiG f ajymqdk
cJo
h nf? tar&duefEidk if jH cm;a&;0ef}uD;Xmeuvnf; ppftm%m&Sipf epftqH;k owfa&;/ 'Dru dk a&pDEiS fh vl@tcGita&; fhta&;
rsm; tjynf@t0&&daS &;wdk@twGuf jrefrmjynfow l dk@. ESp(f 20)=um &ke;f uefwu dk yf 0GJ ifcrJh u _ dk axmufc}H udKqdak =umif;
=o*kwv f (8)&ufae@wiG f a=ujimcsuf xkwjf yefco Jh nf? 88 rsKd ;quf ausmif;om;acgi;f aqmifrsm;jzpfaom rif;udEk idk f
udu k }dk uD;ESiw fh uG Edik if aH &;v_y&f m;ol Sm;oltm;vH;k udk jyefvw $ af y;&efvnf; tar&dueftpd;k &u =o*kwv f (22)&ufae@
wGif etzudk awmif;qdck o Jh nf?
+Adwo d #tpd;k &uvnf; vGecf o Jh nf@EpS (f 20)u &Spaf v;vH;k 'Dru dk a&pDqENjyyGrJ sm;wGif usq;Hk cJ&h aom &[ef;
&Siv f l jrefrmjynforl sm;twGuf *k%jf yKtcrf;tem;w&yfudk =o*kwv f (11)&ufae@wiG f usi;f yjyKvkyaf y;cJo h nf?
'de;f rwfEidk if u H vnf; 88 rsKd ;qufausmif;om;rsm;udk csD;jrSio fh nf@ 2008 vl@tcGit fh a&;qkay;yGt J crf;tem; ESifh
ESp(f 20)jynf@ &Spaf v;vH;k ESpyf wfvnfae@txdr;f trSwf tcrf;tem;rsm;udk =o*kwv f (9)&ufae@wiG f udyk ifa[*if
+rdK@awmf
wmYf usi;f yjyKvkycf o Jh nf?
tif'edk ;D &Sm;tpd;k &u =o*kwv f (15)&ufae@wiG f usa&mufcaJh om 4if;wdk@. vGwv f yfa&;ae@tcrf;tem;
odk@ wufa&muf&ef jrefrmv$waf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,rf sm;or*~udk zdw=f um;cJo h jzifh tif'edk ;D &Sm;tpd;k &acgi;f aqmifrsm;
ESifh awG@qaHk qG;aEG;cGifh &&dcJSco hJ nf? tif'edk ;D &Sm;Edik if jH cm;a&;0ef}uD; [mqef0&D m,k' u etzppftpd;k &taejzifh jref
rmEdik if H 'Dru dk a&pDjyKjyifajymif;vJa&;vkyif ef;pOfrsm;wGif Edik if aH &;wd;k wufrw _ ckck vufqyk v f ufuidk f rjyEdik yf gu
ukvor*~v+Hk cHKa&;aumifpw D iG f xyfraH qG;aEG;&rnf@ tajctaersm;E ;ESiS fh jyefvnf&ifqidk &f Edik o f nf[k =o*kwv f (20)
&ufae@wiG f xkwaf z:ajymqdck o Jh nf? xdik ;f Edik if . H vuf&0dS ef}uD;csKyf Mr. Samak Sundaravej url tar&duef
ESifh taemufEidk if rH sm;u a':atmifqef;pk=unfudk Edik if aH &;vufeufozG,f toH;k csae=ua=umif;/ a':atmifqef;
pk=unfudk ab;z,fxm;rnfqydk gu etzESifh ydrk I dk av;eufonf@aqG;aEG;r_rsm; jyKvkyv f mEdik v f rd n R [ f k befaumuf
+rdK@udk a&muf&v dS monf@ Gambari udk =o*kwv f (25)&ufae@wiG f ajym=um;cJo h nf? w&kwEf idk if u H vnf; etz

P DC Ne ws C o mm e nt ar y ~ Se pt e m be r , 2 0 08 P ag e 9 o f 1 0
ESifh umuG,af &;vkyif ef;rsm;wGif ydrk ydk ;l aygi;f aqmif&u G &f ef pDpOfaea=umif
ea=umif; =o*kwv f (29)&ufae@wiG f ajymqdck Jh
onf?
2008 ckEpS t f wGuf &J&ifo h nf@owif;orm;qktwGuf &efuek t f ajcpdu
k f AP owif;axmuf a':at;
at;0if; tm; a&G;cs,v f u dk af =umif; Edik if w
H umtrsKd ;orD; rD', D mazgiaf ';&Si;f (IWMF) u =o*kwv f (13)&uf
ae@wiG f a=ujimcJ+h yD; Edik if wum&k
Hwum&kyjf rifo=H um;qka&G a&G;cs,af &;tzGJ@ (EMMY) uvnf uvnf; t,f*smZD;&m; owif;Xme
rS xkwv f i$ cfh o
Jh nf@ a&$0ga&mifawmfveS af &; &kyo f rH wS wf rf;udk qkcs;D jrSi&fh ef =o*kwv f (14)&ufae@wiG f y%mr a&$;
cs,cf o
Jh nf?
2008 ckEpS f =o*kwv f xkwf vef'eftajcpdu k f EIU r*~Zif;}uD;url 2008- 2008-2009 ckEpS t f wGi;f jrefrmEdik if H
Y aemufxyfvx l tk ºHk uGrw _ &yfjzpfymG ;+yD; vuf&pdS pftpd;k &udjk zKwfcs&ef tvm;tvm r&do S uJo
h dk@/ +idr;f csr;f pGm qEN
jyr_udk ppftpd;k &u t=urf;zuf+zdKcGo J nf@ta&;tcif;rsKd ; xyfraH y:ayguv f mv#iv f nf; jynfytiftm;pkw&yf&yfu
0ifa&mufpu G zf uf u&f ef tvm;tvmr&daS =umif; oH;k oyfaz:jycJo h nf?
,QKvtwGi;f ukvor*~txl;ud, k pf m;vS,f Mr. Ibrahim Gambari . jyKrlaqmif&u G rf r_ sm;
a=umifh jrefrmjynfot l rsm;pkrmS ukvor*~tygt0if Edik if w H um.zdtm;ay;r_rsm;tay: t,Ht k =unfav#meh nf;
vm+yD; tm;ud;k ar#mv f ifrh v _ nf; usqif;vma=umif
vma=umif; awG@&&dS ygonf? ?

/ End of Report /Sunday, September 07, 2008

P DC Ne ws C o mm e n ta r y ~ Se p t e m be r, 2 00 8 Pag e 10 o f 1 0