TRIGONOMETRY

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Length of arc Area of sector Area of segment









0
j
rad U sin j cos j j tan
0
0
rad 0 0 1 0
0
30
rad
6
T

2
1

2
3

3
1

0
45
rad
4
T

2
1

2
1

1
0
60
rad
3
T

2
3

2
1

3
0
90
rad
2
T

1 0
g

Basic Angle
U U
U U
U U
tan ) tan(
cos ) cos(
sin ) sin(
=
=
=

cos
1
sec
tan
1
cot
sin
1
cos
!
!
! ec

U U
U U
U U
2 2
2 2
2 2
cos 1 cot
sec tan 1
1 sin cos
ec = +
= +
= +

1
sin
2
cos
2

tan
2

sec
2

cosec
2

cot
2

Trigonometric Identities
Sine Rule:
C
c
B
b
A
a
sin sin sin
! !
Cosine Rule:
A bc c b a cos 2
2 2 2
!

Area of A bc ABC sin
2
1
! (
A
C B
a
b c
TRIGONOMETRY
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Compound Angle Formulae
B A
B A
B A
B A B A B A
B A B A B A
tan tan 1
tan tan
) tan(
sin sin sin cos ) cos(
sin cos cos sin ) sin(
O
O
s
= s
= s
s = s

Double Angle Formulae

1 cos 2
sin 2 1
sin cos 2 cos
cos sin 2 2 sin
2
2
2 2
!
!
!
!
A
A
A A A
A A A

A
A
A
2
tan 1
tan 2
2 tan

!


Half Angle Formulae




1
2
cos 2
2
sin 2 1
2
sin
2
cos cos
2
cos
2
sin 2 sin
2
2
2 2
!
!
!
!
j
j
j j
j
j j
j

2
tan 1
2
tan 2
tan
2
j
j
j

!


Product
to
Sum

) cos( ) cos( sin sin 2
) cos( ) cos( cos cos 2
) sin( ) sin( sin cos 2
) sin( ) sin( cos sin 2
B A B A B A
B A B A B A
B A B A B A
B A B A B A
!
!
!
!

Sum
to
Product

+
=

+
= +

+
=

+
= +
2
sin
2
sin 2 cos cos
2
cos
2
cos 2 cos cos
2
sin
2
cos 2 sin sin
2
cos
2
sin 2 sin sin
B A B A
B A
B A B A
B A
B A B A
B A
B A B A
B A










substitute
2
j
! A in
double angle formulae
TRIGONOMETRY
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SOLUTIONS OF TRIGONOMETRY FUNCTION
1
st
Method:
Determine the quadrant
Find the acute angle
Determine the range









SOLUTIONS OF TRIGONOMETRY FUNCTION
2
nd
Method:





DIFFERENTIATION OF TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTION
) (sin u
dx
d
) ( cos u
dx
d
u
) (cos u
dx
d
) ( sin u
dx
d
u
) (tan u
dx
d
) ( sec
2
u
dx
d
u
) (cot u
dx
d
) ( cos
2
u
dx
d
u ec
) (cos u ec
dx
d
) ( ) ( cot ) ( cos u
dx
d
u u ec
) (secu
dx
d
) ( tan sec u
dx
d
u u
) (sin u
dx
d
n
) (sin sin
1
u
dx
d
u n
n

) (cos u
dx
d
n
) (cos cos
1
u
dx
d
u n
n

) (tan u
dx
d
n
) (tan tan
1
u
dx
d
u n
n



2
2
2
2
2
1
1
cos
1
2
sin
1
2
tan
2
let tan ;
2
tan 1
2
tan 2
tan
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
+

=
+
=

=
=

=
U
U
U
U
U
U
U

2t
1-t
2
1+t
2
U

) sin( cos sin
) cos( sin cos
) sin(
) cos( sin cos
E j j j
E j j j
E j
E j j j
!
!

R b a
R b a
R
or
R b a
O
O

a
b
b a R
!
!
E tan
2 2

TRIGONOMETRY
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INTERGRATION OF TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTION

dx ax cos
c ax
a
sin
1

dx ax sin
c ax
a
cos
1

dx ax
2
sec
c ax
a
tan
1

dx ax ec
2
cos
c ax
a
cot
1

dx ax ax tan sec
c ax
a
sec
1

dx ax ax ec cot cos
c ax ec
a
cos
1

dx ax
n
sin

dx ax
n
cos

y n=even number
1 sin cos
2 2
= + x x
y n=odd number
2
2 cos 1
cos
2
2 cos 1
sin
2
2
x
x
x
x
+
=

=




To Integrate
q p bx ax cos sin cos sin
) . J ) sin( sin
2
1
q p q p
q p bx ax cos cos cos cos
) . J ) cos( cos
2
1
q p q p
q p bx ax sin sin sin sin
) . J
) . J ) cos( cos
2
1
) cos( cos
2
1
q p q p
q p q p
+
+