H NG D N S D NG TEXMAKER CNG C SO N TH O TI NG VI T CHO FILE TEX

Hunh Th Tuy t Vn Ha H c Vi t Nam http://www.hoahocvietnam.com

version 1.21 Ngy 7 thng 8 nm 2005

Ti li u ny thu c copyright c a Pascal Brachet v copyleft c a Ha H c Vi t Nam1 . B n c th c i bi n ty thch mi n sao n i dung c a ti li u ngy cng hay hn. Ti li u c bin so n v i hy v ng n s tr nn h u ch i v i nh ng ng i m i b c vo TEX, nhng chng ti khng ch u b t c trch nhi m v n i dung c a ti li u. C th y khng ph i l m t ti li u chu n v TEXMaker.

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web Ha H c do nhm sinh vin H2VN xy d ng.

C m n
Chng ti bi t n TEXMaker l nh anh Hn Th Thnh c t cng gi i thi u r t chi ti t trn di n n c a C ng ng Ph n M m M Ngu n M Vi t Nam2 . Chng ti s d ng t t TEXMaker nh s h ng d n c a anh Thi Ph Khnh Ha, ch lc u chng ti khng ch y c l nh compile trong TEXMaker. Xin c m n t t c nh ng g m cc anh ng gp cho chng ti.

2 http://www.vnoss.org

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1 2 Gi i thi u . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1 Screenshots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . So n th o vn b n TEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1 Cc l nh th ng dng . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2 C u trc c a m t vn b n . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3 Duy t vn b n b n v a m i t o . . . . . . . . 2.4 nh d ng ki u ch v canh l . . . . . . . . . 2.5 Kho ng tr ng . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.6 Nh p mi tr ng list . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.7 Nh p mi tr ng b ng vo ti li u . . . . . . 2.8 Nh p nhanh mi tr ng "tabbing" . . . . . . . 2.9 Chn hnh nh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.10 Tham chi u cho v ghi ch . . . . . . . . . . 2.11 Nh p cng th c ton h c . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.12 Cng th c Ha H c . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bin d ch ti li u . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1 C u hnh c a chng trnh . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2 Cch bin d ch ti li u . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3 Xem log file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cc ch c nng khc c a TEXMaker . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1 Ti li u bao g m nhi u file ngu n khc nhau 4.2 Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3 Ty bi n th l nh v cng c . . . . . . . . . . 4.4 H tr Metapost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.5 L nh chuy n i sang d ng Html . . . . . . . So n th o Ti ng Vi t unicode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Th o lu n chung . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 6 8 8 9 9 10 10 10 10 11 12 12 12 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 16 17 17 18 18 19

5 6

Gi i thi u

A TEXMaker l m t chng trnh so n th o file ngu n cho L TEX hon ton mi n ph. N tch h p nhi u cng c c n thi t cho vi c xu t b n ti li u A v i L TEX. TEXMaker c th ch y trn unix, macosx v trn c window.

o T ch c  y lt editor dngmuso n lthnh, file ngu n cho LkiEX, n c ccth ...) nng ng( i cu redo, undo, tm m v thay M t s nhn  "Math" menu.c b n c a L TEX c th nh p tr c ti p t "LaTeX" v  370 k hi u ton h c c th nh p vo ch b ng m t c click chu t. t o cc o n m ng cho nhi lo vn b (Quick  WizardQuick letter, tabular,ntabbing vucc imi tr nng array)document,  Cc chng trnh lin quan n L TEX c th c g i thng qua "Tool" menu.  Cc danh m c "Bibtex" chu n c th c nh p vo trong file ".bib" thng qua "Bibliography" menu. c c ti u  B n cn th nxem n cc u trc bfile ngu nccha clickli vovmd c dngb di chuy cc ph a vn n b ng m n
A A A

Cc tnh nng c b n c a TEXMaker

a "Messages / b n xem  Trong cqu strnh bin d ch Logt File"".tex"c th. thng tin v log file v m file no l "Next Latex  Cc nhcc l i m L TError"pv "Previous Latex Error" cho php b n tm n EX g ph i khi d tm trong log file. u click ln dng log th  N nhbynln dng tng c ch a l ci trongso nfile o. con tr chu t s ng trong a s th C cng c  unixmvt macosx. tch h p chuy n i t L TEX sang html trong h
A A

mu n xem trong khung c a s "Structure".

1.1

Screenshots

Hnh 1: TEXMaker lm vi c trn Linux

A Hnh 2: Chuy n i t L TEX n html v i TEXMaker trn Linux

Hnh 3: TEXMaker lm vi c trn MacOsX

Hnh 4: TEXMaker lm vi c trn Window XP B n c th download TEXMaker theo a ch sau : http://www.xm1math.net/texmaker/download.html

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2.1

So n th o vn b n TEX
Cc l nh th ng dng

Cc l nh chu n nh : copy, edit, find . . . c th c g i nh "Edit" menu v thanh cng c "Edit".

nh d ng c u trc c a vn b n m b n mu n so n th o m t cch nhanh chng, b n c th dng "Quick start" wizard (trong "Wizard" menu). H p tho i ny cho php b n thi t l p cc thu c tnh ch y u

c a vn b n (lo i vn b n, kch c gi y, phong ch . . .). B n c th thm vo cc l a ch n khc b ng cch nh p nt "+". T t c cc thi t l p c a b n s c ghi nh n. B n cng c th g cc l nh nh d ng cho vn b n trong c a s editor v i cc l nh "Copy/paste" ho c "Save As" v c th dng n nh m t vn b n v a m i c b n t o ra. 8

2.2

C u trc c a m t vn b n

thm m t m c m i hay m t chng m i ho c l m t o n c a vn b n v i TEXMaker b n ch c n dng ci c a s nh xu d i y.

C a s ny khi b n nh p vo s c popup xu ng n cho php b n l a ch n cc m c c n thm vo. Khi b n thm cc m c m i trong thn c a ti li u th c a s "Structure View" t ng c p nh t ph n b n v a m i thm vo.

2.3

Duy t vn b n b n v a m i t o

C a s "Structure View" n m bn tri c a s editor c a TEXMaker cho php b n truy v n n b t c ph n no c a thn vn b n. i u b n c n lm l click vo b t c m c no b n mu n (label, section . . .) v b n s c TEXMaker d n n u c a ph n ngay l p t c trong c a s editor.

C a s "Structure View" t ng c p nh t khi b n lu vn b n hay compile file ngu n. B n c th dng l nh "Refresh Structure" trong "Edit" menu b t c kh no t i l i vn b n.

2.4

nh d ng ki u ch v canh l

B n c th nhanh chng nh d ng vn b n c a m t ph n b t k trong thn ti li u c a b n dng thanh cng c d i y.

Cc l a ch n khc: m t o n vn b n khi c bi en c th c nh d ng tr c ti p b ng cc mi tr ng khc nhau. V d : n u b n click vo nt "Bold" trong khi o n ch "Ha H c Vi t Nam" c bi en th b n s thu c o n m sau: "\textbf{Ha H c Vi t Nam}". L a ch n ny lun lc no cng s n sng trong m i mi tr ng v c xc nh b ng vi c ch n l a cc m c trong "LaTeX" menu.

2.5

Kho ng tr ng

Cc l nh canh v chn cc kho ng tr ng c s n trong "LaTeX" v "Math" menu. nh p m t hng m i b n c th dng l nh \newline trong "LaTeX" menu ho c trn thanh cng c ho c dng shortcut "Ctrl + return" trong h Mac.

2.6

Nh p mi tr ng list

Cc o n m c a mi tr ng list c th nh p nhanh t "LaTeX-List" menu ho c c th dng shortcut cho l nh \item l Ctrl + Alt + H.

2.7

Nh p mi tr ng b ng vo ti li u

V i "Tabular" wizard (trong "Wizard" menu), o n m cho mi tr ng b ng c th nh p nhanh nh d i y nh "Quick Tabular" wizard. B n c th thm vo cc tnh nng chnh cho vn b n, b n c quy n thm vo bao nhiu dng v c t ty thch. y l m t cch r t nhanh gip b n nh p mi tr ng b ng m khng c n ph i g cc o n m cho n, r t m t cng, hn n a cn trnh c s nh m l n khng ng c. N u nh b n khng thch lm vi c v i TEXMaker b n c th t o m l nh cho mi 10

tr ng b ng trong ny r i copy qua cc editor khc i u ny s gip b n ti t ki m c th i gian cho vi c nh p mi tr ng b ng vo ti li u. H p tho i trn cn cho php b n g tr c ti p cc o n m vo cc ring bi t c a b ng v o n m b n v a nh p cng s c c p nh t vo m c a A L TEX trong c a s editor.

2.8

Nh p nhanh mi tr ng "tabbing"

gip b n nh p nhanh o n m c a mi tr ng "tabbing" b n c th dng "Tabbing" wizard trong" Wizard" menu.

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2.9

Chn hnh nh

chn hnh nh vo ti li u b n ch c n dng l nh "\includegraphics" trong "LaTeX" menu. Sau click ln nt "browser" trong h p tho i d i y ch n file hnh nh m b n mu n chn vo vn b n. B n c th A nh p mi tr ng hnh nh ("LaTeX - Environments" menu) c a L TEX tr c khi chn hnh nh.

2.10

Tham chi u cho v ghi ch

Toolbox trong thanh cng c d i y s gip b n nh p nhanh m cho label, footnote, cite, ref . . . Cc nhn s d ng trong vn b n m b n ang so n th o s hi n th trong c a s "Structure View". i v i cc l nh tham kh o cho \ref h p tho i ny s cho b n ch n tr c ti p cc nhn.

2.11

Nh p cng th c ton h c

B n c th nh p mi tr ng "in-line math" (Cng th c ton h c trong hng) v i nt "f(x)" trn thanh cng c (shortcut : Ctrl+Alt+M) ho c dng "Math" menu. Shortcut cho mi tr ng "display math" (hi n th cng th c ton h c trn m t hng ring bi t) l Alt+Shift+M. Cn thanh cng c ton h c cho php b n nh p nhanh nhi u d ng bi u th c ton h c nh : phn s , cn, ch s d i v ch s trn c a m t bi n . . . V i c a s ch a

cc k hi u ton h c trong "structure view" b n c th nh p nhanh m c a g n 400 k hi u ton h c. B n cng c th nh ngha cc d ng ti li u ton h c nh "Math" menu. Cn i v i mi tr ng "array" th c s n m t "wizard" gi ng nh ("Tabular" wizard) trong "Wizard" menu. 12

V i wizard ny b n c th ch n cc mi tr ng nh : array, matrix, pmatrix. . . V cc ring l c a n, cng c th nh p c tr c ti p cc o n m t wizard ny.

2.12

Cng th c Ha H c

Hi n nay chng ti cha tm th y m t editor no h tr vi c nh p nhanh cc o n m c a m t s cng th c Ha H c c b n. nh p c cc A cng th c Ha H c vo L TEX b n ph i nh p b ng tay. Chng ti lin h v i anh K Anh tc gi c a Winefish (editor cho cc file TEX v i giao di n Ti ng Vi t ch y trn mi tr ng Linux, chng ti v n cha th trn Window) v anh nh n l i gip t o ra cc "shortcut" cho cng th c Ha H c trong Winefish. Chng ti r t hy v ng phin b n m i c a Winefish s p ng c yu c u ny. Cn vi c nh p cng th c Ha H c vo nh th no th chng ti s c p trong m t ti li u khc chi ti t hn. 13

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3.1

Bin d ch ti li u
C u hnh c a chng trnh

Tr c khi bin d ch ti li u u tin c a b n v i TEXMaker b n ph i t A l i ng d n cho cc chng trnh ph tr v i L TEX b ng cch dng l nh "Configure" trong "Options" menu ("Preferences" trong macosx). CH : Trong Window b n ph i dng cc k hi u / tch ring cc th m c ch khng dng k hi u \ v ng d n cho chng trnh ch y ph i trong d u ngo c kp. V d ng d n trong my c a chng ti l : "C:\MiKTeX\texmf\miktex\bin\yap.exe" %.dvi. B n ph i nh p ng d n c a chng trnh "yap.exe" trong "Dvi viewer" c a c a s d i y. Tng t n u b n mu n xu t b n ra file ".pdf" trong my c a chng ti ng d n nh sau : "C:\Program Files\Acrobat 7.0\Acrobat\Acrobat.exe"%.pdf

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3.2

Cch bin d ch ti li u

Cch d nh t bin d ch ti li u l dng l nh "Quick Build" (nt "Quick Build" c shortcut : F1, b n ch c n n F1 v i k t qu ). B n c th nh ngha l i m t chu i cc l nh c dng cho l nh "Quick Build" nh h p tho i "Configure Texmaker". B n cng c th ty ch n cc shortcut cho cc l nh bin d ch v xem k t qu n m trong "Tools" menu nh:

F2 = LateX F4 = Dvi PS F6 = PDFLaTeX F8 = PS PDF

F3 = View Dvi F5 = View PS F7 = View PDF F9 = Dvi PDF

Ti th ng dng l nh bin d ch l PDFLaTeX sau khi g xong ti li u ch c n n F1, my bin d ch xong ti n F7 xem k t qu trong Acrobat Reader. Ch : T t c cc ti li u b n v a g xong b n ph i t tn v c ph n m r ng l "*.tex"(Trong * l tn c a ti li u) tr c khi ti n hnh bin d ch, n u khng TEXMaker s khng th c hi n l nh c a b n.

3.3

Xem log file

V i l nh "Quick Build" log file s t ng hi n th trong c a s "Messages A / Log file". N u c l i trong file ngu n c a L TEX th n t ng i mu gip b n d pht hi n, khi click vo dng ch a l i trong "log file" th con tr s t ng nh y n dng tng ng c ch a l i trong c a s editor.

L nh "Next Latex Error" v "Previous LaTeX Error" cho php b n tm t i dng c ch a l i trong qu trnh bin d ch. 15

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4.1

Cc ch c nng khc c a TEXMaker

Ti li u bao g m nhi u file ngu n khc nhau

TEXMaker cho php b n lm vi c v i ki u ti li u b chia thnh nhi u file ring bi t. g p m t file TEX vo ti li u c a mnh b n ph i th dng l nh "\include{file}" trong "LaTeX" menu. Tn c a file b n m i nh vo s xu t hi n trong "Structure View", ch c n click ln tn c a file ny TEXMaker s m n cho b n. Sau b n c th nh ngha vn b n "m " trong "Options" menu. T t c cc l nh trong "Tools" menu s ch c hi u l c ln vn b n "m " ngay c khi b n ang lm vi c trn vn b n "con" (th m ch b n ng vn b n "m " khi lm vi c v i vn b n "con").

4.2

Bibliography

i v i file "bib" th "Bibliography" menu cho php b n chn tr c ti p cc danh m c tng ng c a ti li u. Ch : Cc danh m c l a ch n c th c xa t ng khi b n dng l nh "Clean" trong "Bibliography" menu.

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4.3

Ty bi n th l nh v cng c

TEXMaker cho php b n chn vo cc th l nh c a ring b n (shortcuts : Shift+F1 . . . Shift+F10). Cc th l nh ny c nh ngha trong "User User Tags" menu. Ch : N u o n m trong menu l "%environment", th TEXMaker s t ng nh p vo: \begin{environment} \end{environment}

B n cng c th g i l nh ring c a b n (shortcuts : Alt+Shift+F1 . . . Alt + Shift + F5) v i i u ki n cc l nh ny c nh ngha trong "User User Commands" menu.

4.4

H tr Metapost

Cc t kha metapost c th c chn vo t c a s "Metapost" trong "Strcuture View" v l nh "mpost" c th g i thng qua "Tools" menu.

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4.5

L nh chuy n i sang d ng Html

L nh ny xu t pht t "Tools" menu n s t o ra m t lo t cc trang html A t file ngu n c a L TEX v i m i hnh nh n s cho ra m t trang html. M i trang trong trnh chi u slide s tng ng v i m t s trang postscript m A b n s thu c khi ch y L TEX. ng th i l nh ny cn t o ra m t trang index tng ng v i m c l c c a ti li u m s t ng in ra theo s thi t l p c a b n. M i m c trong trang m c l c s c ng d n n trang html tng ng. Ch 1: i v i cc chng trnh nh : Ghostscript, netpbm v psselect th l nh ny l b t bu c ph i dng. B n cng c th t o ra cc lin k t cho cc trang html b ng cch dng l nh \ttwplink{}{} trong file TEX, ch ng h n nh: \ttwplink{tn nhn}{thn vn b n} (internal link) Ch 2: B n khng th dng l nh ny v i gi "hyperref".

So n th o Ti ng Vi t unicode

Mu n so n th o Ti ng Vi t b ng font unicode c n c b g ti ng vi t, chng ti dng b g Unikey phin b n 3.62 v i b ng m unicode. ti li u xu t b n hi n th c Ti ng Vi t chng ta c n i u ch nh m t vi thng s c n thi t, trong c a s " Configure Texmaker" b n nh p nt editor(logo c hnh ci bt ch). Trong "Editor Font Family" cho php b n ch n font ch (chng ti hay dng arial), ph n "Editor font size" b n c th ch n c ch v trong "Editor Font Encoding" ph i ch n UTF-8 c th dng c \usepackage[utf8x]{vietnam}. File xu t b n s hi n 18

th Ti ng Vi t unicode r t p. Cc l a ch n c a b n trong "Configure Texmaker" Editor s thay i kch c v font ch trong c a s dng so n th o c a TEXMaker. B n c th ch n ty mi n sao d nhn ki m tra l i chnh t l c.

Hnh 5: Thi t l p UTF-8 so n th o Ti ng Vi t

Th o lu n chung

Chng ti s d ng tng i nhi u chng trnh so n th o file ngu n A cho cho L TEX nh: Notepad++; SciTE; Winshell; TeXShell; TEXnicCenter; LateXEditor; WinTeXmacs . . . Chng ti nh n th y r ng TEXMaker l h tr so n th o Ti ng vi t t t nh t v bin d ch r t nh nhng. Trong s cc editor v a nu trn th cn c Notepad++ v SciTE ( J. Hagen th ng dng cho vi c so n th o file ngu n ConTEX v ng cng chnh t tc gi 19

c a module ".tex" file tch h p trong SciTE km theo m t manual h ng d n kho ng 10 trang) h tr Ti ng Vi t unicode nhng n u b n compile tr c ti p t cc editor ny th c m t l i khng kh c ph c c l chng t o ra m t trang tr ng ph n u c a ti li u. Hn n a hai editor ny khng c cc shortcut h tr nh p nhanh cc o n m c a cc k hi u. Cn Winshell, TeXnicCenter v LaTeXEditor th m ch c WinEdt cng khng h tr unicode nhng i l i chng l i c nh ng i m m nh ring c a chng v d nh : TeXnicCenter h tr chn hnh nh r t t t v bin d ch r t m nh v i t c cao, cn LaTeXEditor th h tr hn 2200 shortcut cho cc k hi u c bi t, ngoi ra khi tr chu t vo m i k hi u n cn c popup th xu ng bo cho b n bi t mu n nh p c k hi u b n c n ph i dng gi l nh no. N u b n l ng i m i b c vo TEX b n nn ph i A h p s d ng 3 editor l: L TEXMaker; TeXniCenter v LaTeXEditor s d dng so n th o cc file ngu n v chng cn gip b n nh nhanh c u A trc l nh trong L TEX.

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21 Hnh 6: C a s lm vi c c a WinShell

22 Hnh 7: C a s lm vi c c a TeXShell

23 Hnh 8: C a s lm vi c c a TeXnicCenter

24 Hnh 9: C a s lm vi c c a LaTeXEditor

25 Hnh 10: C a s lm vi c c a Notepad++

26 Hnh 11: C a s lm vi c c a SciTE