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…;f]rÚ kl5 …vf]hÚ lsg <

lj=;+= @)^! ;fndf d]/f] …;f]rÚ lstfa tof/ ug{] qmddf y'k|}
36gfqmdnfO{ ;Dem]/ tL s'/fx¿nfO{ sfuhdf Ps–Ps u/L sf]/]sf] lyP“ .
dgleq u'lD;/x]sf efj's k|;Ëx¿sf] af“w km'6]/ cfp“bf sltko n]Vg cof]Uo
s'/fx¿ Kflg lgl:sP xf]nfg\ . t/ lstfa k|sfzg ug{] a]nfdf ;Íng u/]sf tL
;a} s'/fx¿nfO{ ;dfj]z ug{ ;lsg“ . klxnf] s'/f] t lstfa w]/} 7"nf] eof] .
bf];|f], d]/f] lhGbuLsf rflxg]–grflxg] uGygx¿ kf7sx¿n] dg k/fpnfg\ ls
gk/fpnfg\ eGg] 8/ klg nfUof] . To;}n] tL ;a} efjflt/]ssf s'/fx¿nfO{
:ki6 ¿Kfdf kf7s;dIf k|:t't ug{] s'/fdf dleq} ;+zo /≈of] . cGtdf,
n]lv;s]sf sltko s'/fx¿nfO{ sf“65f“6 u/]/ / y'k|} lghL 36gfx¿nfO{ klg
n'sfP/ …;f]rÚ lstfa k|sfzg u/]“ . ha tLg jif{leq …;f]rÚsf] !$ cf}“
;+:s/0f 5flkof], ddf Ps lsl;dsf] cfTdljZjf; hfUof] . ToxL cfTdljZjf;,
pT;fx / pdËn] km]l/ csf{] lstfa n]Vg emSemSofof] .
gof“ lstfa n]Vg] l;nl;nfdf d}n] klxn] n]v]sf t/ lstfadf ;dfj]z
gu/]sf s'/fx¿sf ;fy;fy} …;f]rÚ lstfasf] k|sfzgkZrft\ plAhPsf y'k|}
gof“ / ;d;fdlos 36gfqmdx¿nfO{ ;Íng u/]“ . t/ ljleGg sf/0fn] ubf{
5fKg ;lsPg . lstfa c;kmn eof] eg] s] ug{] < of] d]/f nflu cxd\ k|Zg
lyof] . …;f]rÚsf] ;kmntfsf sf/0fn] Pp6f n]vssf] x}l;otdf d}n] cfkm"nfO{ g}
cfºgf] k|lt:k4L{ ePsf] kfP“ . …;f]rÚn] lbPsf] OHht / ;Ddfg d}n] s'g} klg
xfntdf u'dfpg rflxg“ . kf7sn] lbPsf] ;Ddfg u'Dg ;Sg] cfef; / ;Gqf;
dnfO{ Tof] a]nf eof], ha d d]/f] kl/jf/l;t …afujfgÚ lkmNd agfpg] aL=cf/=
rf]k8fsf] csf{] lkmNd …afa'nÚ x]g{ uPsf] lyP“ . …afujfgÚh:t} /fd|f] xf]nf egL
x]g{ uPsf] Tof] lkmNd g/fd|f] ePkl5 xfdL ;a}n] lgb{]zsnfO{ v"a ufnL u/]sf
lyof}“ s:tf] jflxoft / em'/ lkmNd agfPsf] eg]/ . clg d]/f] gof“ lstfan]
klg o;/L g} kf7sju{sf] dg lhTg ;s]g eg] …;f]rÚ lstfanfO{ ;lDemP/
pgLx¿n] dnfO{ ;d]t To;/L g} ufnL unf{g\ ls eGg] 8/ nfUof], / d}n] gof“

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lstfa 5fKg] cf“6 ul/g“ . dnfO{ nfU5 dflg;nfO{ ef}lts ;'ljwfaf6 jl~rt
x'g Tolt ufx«f] x'“b}g, t/ ;Ddfgsf] e¥ofªaf6 cf]/fnf] nfUg' ;lhnf] x'“b}g .
eQmk'/df a:g] Pshgf alxgL s[i0fb]jL ;'jfnn] dnfO{ hDdf
c7\7fO{:f k[i7sf tLgj6f x:tlnlvt efj's kq Kf7fPsL lyOg\ . kqdf pgn]
n]v]sL lyOg\, æljleGg cfly{s ;d:ofsf afah'b klg …;f]rÚ k':ts d]/f]
xftdf kg{ cfof] . of] k':tssf af/]df ;aeGbf klxn] d]/L] dfOnL efph"dfkm{t\
;'g]“ . efph"n] klg Tof] k':ts pxf“sf] efOsf] ;fyLdfkm{t\ Nofpg'ePsf] /x]5 .
To; k':tsdf d}n] y'k|} s'/fx¿ l;s]“, k|]/0ffx¿ kfP“, tkfO“{sf] ljrf/nfO{ lrGg]
df}sf klg kfP“ . lstfa k9\bf tkfO{“;“u dgdg} s'/fsfgL ul//x]sf] efg x'G5,
clg Ps k|sf/sf] cfgGbsf] cg'ej x'G5 . %÷^ RofK6/ dfq s] cWoog u/]sL
lyP“, k':tswgLn] k':ts lkmtf{ lng cfpg'eof] . t/ dnfO{ lkmtf{ lbg k6Ss}
dg nflu/x]sf] lyPg . lkmtf{ lbg'cufl8 k':tssf] k5fl8sf] RofK6/ / aflx/L
vf]ndf /x]sf] tkfO{“sf] tl:a/ kmf]6f]skL u/L lkmtf{ lbP“ . of] d}n] tkfO{“nfO{
v';L kfg{ / prfNgsf] lglDt n]lv/x]sf] 5}g .Æ
Ps lbg d :joDe"k5fl8 Pp6f kf6L{df hf“bf ef]h vfg hfg] 3/ yfxf
gkfPkl5 af6f]sf] 5]pdf uf8L /f]s]/ Pp6f t/sf/L k;n]l;t …kmnfgfsf] 3/
sxf“ xf] <Ú eg]/ ;f]w]sf] lyP“ . k;n]n] Pp6f s]6f]nfO{ …cfºgf] k;n Psrf]l6
x]l/b]pm x} †Ú eg]/, d]/} uf8Ldf a;]/ ef]h x'g] 3/ b]vfpg nu]sf] lyof] . kl5
Pp6f ;fgf] gf]6a's lgsfn]/ …bfO, Pp6f c6f]u|fkm lbg';\ g †Ú eg]kl5 dfq
p;n] …;f]rÚ lstfa k9]sf] d}n] yfxf kfP“ . Tof] cfTdLotf d]/f nflu Pp6f
7"nf] ;Ddfg lyof] .
d]/f ;fyLsf Pshgf HjfO“ /x]5g\, /flt ;w}“ lkpg'kg{] / laxfg p7]kl5
lbgel/ cN5L dfg]/ a:g] . Psrf]l6 tLg–rf/ lbg nufP/ …;f]rÚ lstfa
k9]kl5 pgsf] lkpg] afgL 5'6]sf] / clxn] …kNk;f Sofkm]Ú, …3grSs/Ú /
…dfOqmf];º6b]lv afx'g8f“8f;DdÚ lstfa kl9;s]sf] s'/f ;'gfp“bf dnfO{ v"a
v';L nfu]sf] lyof] . d]/f] Pp6f ;fgf] lstfan] Pshgf dflg;sf] Jojxf/df
;sf/fTds kl/jt{g Nofpg ;S5 eg] Pp6f n]vssf nflu of]eGbf ;Gt'li6sf]
s'/f] csf{] s] x'G5 t <

o:t} Pp6f csf{] dfofsf] 36gf klg d la;{g ;lStg“ . d / d]/L

>LdtL Ps lbg ;"o{ljgfosdf k"hf ug{ uPsf lyof}“ . kms{g] qmddf
eQmk'/sf] a; :6kdf lrof vfg Pp6f /]:6'/]G6df k:of}“ . leq 6Gg u|fxs
lyP . s'gfsf] Pp6f vfnL 6]andf d / d]/L >LdtL, k'/f]lxt / 8«fOe/ a:g

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k'Uof}“ . /]:6'/]G6sf] sfpG6/df tftf]–tftf] xn'jf, :jf/L, h]/L, ;]n / d'v}df
¥ofn cfpg] cfn' sjfa /flvPsf] lyof] . laxfg s]xL klg gvfO{sg dlGb/df
k"hf ug{ uPsf x'“bf xfdL ;a}nfO{ ef]s klg 6Gg} nfu]sf] lyof] . Pp6f s]6f]n]
6]an k'5\b} l:6nsf] lunf;df kfgL /fv]/ …s] Nofpm“ <Ú egL ;f]Wof] . ef]ssf]
;'/df …xn'jf, :jf/L, ;]n, h]/L ;a} Nofpm Ú eg]“ . s]6f]n] …slt–slt Nofpg] <Ú
egL ;f]Wof] . cfkm"nfO{ sltsf] slt x'G5 eGg] yfxf g} lyPg . …x]/Lsg Nofpm
g †Ú eg]“ . s]6f]n] …Ps–Ps kfp Nofpm“ <Ú egL ;f]Wof] . d}n] …x'G5Ú eg]“ .
ToxL a]nf d]/f] cf“vf /]:6'/]G6sf] sfpG6/df a;]/ c¿ u|fxsl;t s'/f
ub}{ lx;fa ul//x]sf] o'jf ;fx'hLl;t h'Wof] . p;n] d';'Ss xf“;]/ dnfO{
gd:sf/ u/]kl5 …of] JolQmnfO{ d}n] sxf“ e]6]sf] x'“Ú egL d ;f]Rg yfn]“ .
dflg;sf] gfd / r]x/f la;{g] afgL d]/f] 5 . Ps} l5gkl5 pm d]/f] 6]andf
cfOk'Uof] / …;f]rÚ d}n] b'O–{ tLgrf]l6 kl9;s]sf] 5' / d ;w}“ d]/f] tlsofd'lg
/fV5'Ú eGof] . tL;–aQL; jif{sf] o'jf, cToGt cfsif{s JolQmTj / x“l;nf]
d'xf/ . dnfO{ nfUof] p;sf] Tof] JolQmTj g} Tof] /]:6'/G] 6sf] nlR5g lyof] .
To;}n] Toxf“ u|fxs 6gf6g ePsf x'g ;S5g\ . p;n] Pp6f sfd ug{] s]6f]nfO{
af]nfP/ …n, bfOl;t Pp6f d]/f] tl:a/ lvlrb]pmÚ egL cfºgf] df]afOn p;nfO{
lbof] . d d';'Ss xf“;]/ pm;“u} a;]“ . Psl5gkl5 …bfO † d]/f] sf“wdf Psrf]l6
xft /flvlbg';\ g †Ú eGof] . d}n] p;sf] sf“wdf xft /fv]“ / s]6f]n] tl:a/
lvRof] . p;sL >LdtL eQmk'/df Pkm=Pd=rnfp“bL /x]l5g\ . pgL x/]s lbg
…;f]rÚsf] Ps–Ps 6'qmf /]l8of]af6 k|;f/0f ul5{g\ eGg] s'/f ;'g]kl5 dnfO{ w]/}
;Gt'li6 nfu]sf] lyof] .
/]:6'/]G6df sfd ug{] s]6f]n] ;a} vfgf 6]andf NofPkl5 xfdLn] t vfg}
;s]gf}“ . tLg–tLgj6f :jf/L clg y'k|} xn'jf, ;]n / h]/L † km]l/ …;fx'hLn]
k7fPsf]Ú eGb} cfn' klg NofOlbof] . d}n] t cfkm"nfO{ c;fWo} dg kg{] :jf/Ldf
xn'jf a]/]/ ;a} vfOlbP“ . kl5 ;]n / h]/L vfg} ;lsg“ . cfn' eg] v"a dL7f]
ePsf] x'“bf hDd} vfOlbP“ . vfgf vfO;s]kl5 d}n] sfpG6/df uP/ k};f ltg{
vf]h]“ . t/ Tof] o'jf ;fx'hLn] k};f lng rfx]g . d}n] eg]“, æcfh tkfO{“n] of]
k};f lng'ePg eg] d ef]lnkl;{ oxf“ vfg cfpg cK7]/f] k5{ . dfof Ps 7fp“df
x'G5, Jofkf/ csf{] 7fp“df x'G5 .Æ
d}n] kf“r ;o ?lkof“ hah{:tL sfpG6/df /flvlbP“ . …n, d}n] k};f
lng}kg{] eof] t bfO †Ú eGb} p;n] sfpG6/sf] 3/f{ vf]n]/ d]/f] kf“r ;osf] gf]6
lnO{ c¿ v'b|f dnfO{ kmsf{Olbof] . d}n] p;n] kmsf{Psf] v'b|f k};f x]b{} gx]/Lsg

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vNtLdf /fv]“ . p;n] Toqf] cfTdLotf bzf{O;s]kl5 p;}dfly cljZJff; u/]/
d}n] s;/L kmsf{Psf] k};f uGg] < clg labfjf/L x'“b} v';L dg lnP/ xfdL
sf7df8f}“} kmls{of}“ . kmls{g] qmddf l7dLdf xl/of] ;fukft a]Rg /flvPsf]
b]lvof] . >LdtLn] …n, oxf“ cfPsf] a]nf ;fukft lsg]/ n}hfpm“Ú egL uf8L
/f]Sg nufOg\ . ;fukft lslg;s]kl5 d}n] vNtLaf6 k};f lgsfn]/ lbg vf]h“] .
n, vNtLdf t rf/ ;o gAa] ?lkof“ kf] /x]5 † /]:6'/]G6sf] Tof] ;fx'hLn] t
dl;t Toltsf] vfgfsf] b; ?lkof“ dfq lnPsf] /x]5 † d To; a]nf cToGt
efj's ag]“ . cfkm"n] glrg]sf] JolQmaf6 Tolt w]/} dfof, :g]x / ;Ddfg
kfPkl5, dnfO{ nfUof], dflg;sf lgldQ ;f“Rr} of]eGbf 7"nf] wg s] x'g ;S5 <
n]vs h:tf];'s} xf];\, p;sf nflu cfºgf] Pp6f kf7sn] lbPsf] Toqf]
efjgfTds Pjd\ dfld{s ;DdfgeGbf 7"nf] j/bfg c¿ s] x'g ;S5 <
…;f]rÚ lstfa k9]/ ;of}“ kf7sn] dnfO{ cToGt efj's / dfld{s kqx¿
Kf7fPsf lyP . ljb]zaf6 klg y'k|} 6]lnkmf]g / Od]nx¿ cfP . kf7sn] lbPsf]
Tof] cfTdLotf, OHht / ;Ddfg d]/f nflu rfgr'g] lyPg . Psrf]l6 To:tf]
cfTdt[lKtsf] r:sf kfPkl5 ;Gt'li6sf] :jfbaf6 ljd'v x'g w]/} ufx«f] x'“bf] /x]5 .
Gfof“ afg]Zj/l:yt P; Dofg]Hfd]G6 OlG:6Ro'6df Psrf]l6 d aL=aL=P=sf
ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ k'/:sf/ ljt/0f ug{ uPsf] lyP“ . Pshgf ljBfyL{n] …cfh
g]tfsf] xftaf6 k'/:sf/ lng'eGbf tkfO{+sf] xftaf6 k'/:sf/ u|x0f ug{
kfPsf]df w}/} v';L nfUof]Ú egL eg] . ;]G6 h]leP/ :s'nsf tTsfnLg kmfb/
lk|lG;kn / xfn RoflDkog sn]hsf ;+:yfks cWoIf h; lg/f}nfn]
…gsf/fTds kl/l:yltdf ;sf/fTds dgl:ylt agfpg] k|of; / k|lqmofnfO{
…s0f{ aofS6/Ú (Karna factor) eG5g\Ú egL eg]sf] s'/f Ps lbg dnfO{ d]/f]
afn;vf /fh]Gb|axfb'/ >]i7n] ;'gfPsf] lyof] .
…;f]rÚ lstfa olt nf]slk|o x'G5 eg]/ jf:tjdf d}n] sNkgf u/]s} lyOg“ .
hgtfaf6 k|f]T;fxg kfPkl5, dnfO{ nfU5, Pp6f uwf klg kxndfg x'g;Sbf]
/x]5 . kf7sx¿sf] >4f / ;Ddfgn] g} xf]nf dh:tf] Pp6f ;fwf/0f n]vs klg
cln ;Ifd aGg ;s]sf] . jf:tjdf oxL k|]/0ffaf6 g} d}n] …;f]rÚ kl5 …vf]hÚ
n]Vg] hdsf{] u/]sf] x'“ .
…;f]rÚ lstfa n]Vg dnfO{ w]/} ;do nfu]g . t/ of] …vf]hÚ lstfan] d]/f]
;do w]/} vfof] . s] n]Vg] s] gn]Vg], s] /fVg] s] g/fVg], lg0f{o ug{ Tolt
;lhnf] lyPg . n]Vg t n]Vt} uP“, t/ kl/l:ylt / dgl:yltcg';f/ ;f]rsf
wf/x¿ klg km/s–km/s x'“b} uP . lsgeg] n]Vtfn]Vt} ;do laTb} uof],

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kl/l:ylt lbgk|ltlbg km]l/“b} uof] / kl/l:yltsf ;fy;fy} dgl:yltdf klg
kl/jt{g x'“b} uof] . sltko s'/fx¿ ;dol;t gldNg]h:tf] nfu]kl5 la:tf/}–
la:tf/} k|:t'tLs/0fx¿df clncln kl/jt{g ub{} ;dsfnLg / ;d;fdlos
s'/fx¿ yKt} uP“ . o;/L bfz{lgstf / l;4fGtsf] kIfnfO{ k|fyldstf glbO{sg
dd{ / efjgfsf] cfj]zdf n]lvPsf] x'“bf ;f]rsf] wf/s} sf/0fn] klg of]

lstfaleqsf sltko s'/fx¿df lj/f]wfef; b]lvPsf] x'g ;S5 . t;y{

kf7sju{n …dfly st} o:tf] n]lvPsf] lyof], tn o:tf] n]lvPsf] 5, of]
lj/f]wfef;k"0f{ eof]Ú eGg] vfnsf ts{x¿ klg ug{ ;Sg'x'G5 . t/ o;nfO{
:Jffefljs ¿kdf lnOlbg'x'g cfu|x ub{5' .
c¿ n]vsx¿sf] cg'e"lt s:tf] x'G5, yfxf 5}g . d}n] rfxL“ d]/f]
ljutsf lstfa / n]vx¿ n]Vbf zt\k|ltzt cfTdnf]rgf ug{ ;lsg sL h:tf]
nfU5 . cfkm"nfO{ nfu]sf efjx¿ / cfkm"n] u/]sf sfdx¿ lnlvtd\ ekf{O{sf
¿kdf k|:t't ubf{ d}n] sltko sdhf]/Lx¿ n'sfP“ x"“nf . To;f] ubf{ cfkm"n]
u/]sf sfdx¿ / ;kmntfsf syfx¿ c¿nfO{ ;'gfpg] / k|rf/ ug{] d]/f]
dfgjLo sdhf]/LnfO{ d}n] cg'e"t gu/]sf] klg xf]Og . o;n] dnfO{ slxn]sfxL“
c;lhnf] klg kf5{ / ;f]rdf 8'afp“5 . gof“ k':ts n]Vg] qmddf ha d}n]
dgleq n'ls/x]sf cg]s efjgfx¿ k|:km'l6t ug{ vf]h]“, Tof] a]nf o'jf
cj:yfsf] efjgfTds cGt/ËL ;DaGwn] dg 5'g yfNof], clg slxn]sfxL“
a'9];sfndf lgl:qmo eO/x]sf] OR5f / cfsfª\Iff klg hfUg yfNof] . tL
efjgfx¿nfO{ s;/L k|:t't ug{] eGg] s'/f klg Pp6f lhDd]jf/ n]vs¿kL
cleefjssf lgldQ a8f] r'gf}tLk"0f{ x'“bf] /x]5 . To;}n] d}n] of] gof“ lstfadf
cfkm"n] cfkm}“nfO{ vf]Hg] k|of; u/]sf] 5' . c¿nfO{ vf]Hg w]/} ;lhnf] 5, t/
cfkm"n] cfkm“}nfO{ vf]Hg ufx«f] . To;}n] d}n] of] lstfanfO{ …vf]hÚ zLif{s lbPsf]
x'“ .

…;f]rÚ h:t} …vf]hÚ lstfa klg 36gfqmdd} cfwfl/t 5 . km/s slt

dfq xf] eg] …;f]rÚdf d}n] cfkm";“u ;DalGwt ljleGg 36gfqmdx¿nfO{
k|fyldstf lbP/ ;f]rsf cjwf/0ffx¿ Kf|:t't u/]sf] lyP“, …vf]hÚdf rflx“
hLjgsf] bz{gnfO{ Jojxf/df ptfg{] qmddf d}n] 5fof“df k/]sf d]/f s]xL
36gfqmdx¿nfO{ k|:t't ug{ vf]h]sf] 5' . d}n] Psrf]l6 g]kfnsf k|l;4 n]vs
8f= cle ;'j]bLl;t o:t} cfTdfnf]rgfcGtu{tsf låljwfx¿ s;/L k|:t't ug{]
eGg]af/] ;f]w]sf] lyP“ . pxf“n] klg Writer's dilemma nfO{ ;w}“ 8/fO{–8/fO{

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n]Vg] u/]sf] s'/f dnfO{ ;'gfpg'ePsf] lyof] . d}n] klg oxf“ emG8}–emG8} To:t}
l:ylt ef]u]sf] 5' .

jf:tjdf eGg] xf] eg] …vf]hÚ lstfa n]Vg dnfO{ o'jf kf7sju{n] w]/}
3Rf3RofP . g}/fZok"0f{ dfxf]ndf cndlnO/x]sf o'jfx¿n] d]/f] …;f]rÚ
lstfaaf6 cfzf k|fKt ug{] OR5f–cfsfª\Iff hfx]/ ubf{ d Ps lsl;dn]
ls+st{Joljd"9 x'g k'Uf]“ . clg dnfO{ nfUof], …;f]r dfq} eP/ ;d:of ;'lNem“b}g .
;f]r lhGbuLsf] Pp6f cfwf/ aGg t ;Snf, t/ Tof] cfwf/nfO{ kl/k"lt{ ug{ t
vf]h g} rflxG5 .Ú km]l/ dnfO{ nfUof], …dfgjsf] 7"nf] u'0f ;f]r xf] . t/ ;f]r
dfq /fv]/ dflg; cufl8 a9\g ;St}g . ;f]rnfO{ sfof{Gjog ug{ zlQmsf]
vf]h klg ug'{kg{] /x]5 .Ú To;kl5 of] lstfadf d}n] tL ;sf/fTds ;f]rnfO{
s;/L sfof{Gjog ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] vfnsf s]xL Jofjxfl/s kIfx¿nfO{ vf]Hg]
ljrf/ u/]“ . xfdLl;t y'k|} ;f]r x'“bfx'“b} klg ;f]rnfO{ lqmofzLn / sfof{lGjt
kfg{] cfwf/x¿ vf]Hg g;s]/ xfd|f] ;f]r lbjf:jKgdf kl/jt{g eO/x]sf] 5 .
ha;Dd ;f]rsf] sfof{Gjog ug{] cfwf/ xfdL vf]Hg ;St}gf}“, ta;Dd ;f]rn]
dfq s]xL kmfObf lb“b}g . To;}n] klg of] lstfanfO{ d}n] …vf]hÚ gfd lbP/
k|sfzg ug{] ljrf/ u/]sf] x'“ .
x'g t s]xL ;dob]lv l;Gw'nLsf Pshgf jof]j[4 ;dfh;]jL eLdaxfb'/
yfkfn] ufp“–;x/sf leQfleQfdf …vf]hÚ n]Vb} Pp6f lrGtgsf] cleofg ;'?
u/]sf 5g\ . pgsf] …vf]hÚ n]vgsf] p2]Zo d}n] a'em]cg';f/ x/]s dfG5]nfO{
nIo vf]Hgsf] nflu clek|]l/t ug{' xf] . eLdaxfb'/ yfkfsf] …vf]hÚ cleofg;“u
of] lstfasf] s'g} j}rfl/s / cflwsfl/s ;DaGw 5}g . d]/f] nflu Vff]h eg]sf]
x]/fO xf] . x]/fO Ps 7fp“af6 ;'? eP/ csf{] 7fp“df 6'lËb}g . o;nfO{ ef}lts
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;“3f/df slxn]sfxL“ xfdLnfO{ j:t'k/s aGg Tolt ;lhnf] x'“b}g .
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cdfgjLo dgl:ylt kf]v]sf] b]v]/ d rlst k/]“ . Tof] sljtf k9]/ dnfO{
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csf{] lrGtsnfO{ To;/L …k|f0f3ftsÚ / …dg3ftsÚ cleJolQmx¿ kf]Vb}g .
Kflxn] t p;sf] sljtfsf zAb–zAbn] d]/f] dg 3f]r]sf] lyof], lsgls p;n]

d]/f] lgtfGt lghL lhGbuLsf] cjx]ngf u/]sf] lyof] . sfd u/]/ clncln k};f
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dggof]Uo ePg eg] Pp6f cgle1 l;sf? -Amatuar) n]vs ;Dem]/ Ifdf
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s/f]8klt aGg] ;Defjgfsf] vf]hL ug{ vf]h]sf] xf]Og . k|lta4tf /
sl6a4tfljgf vf]h x'g ;St}g, rfx] Tof] cfly{s If]qdf xf];\ jf ;fdflhs /

/fhgLlts If]qdf . ;dfh;]jfsf Pp6f–b'O6f b]vfj6L sfd ub{}df s'g} JolQm

bofjL/l;+x s+;fsf/h:tf] dxfg\ ;dfh;]jL aGg ;St}g . nIodf k'Ug]
Odfgbf/ k|lta4tfljgf vf]h cy{k"0f{ /x“b}g . ;+;f/df s'g} klg o:tf] pkfo
5}g, h'g ;lhn} kl/k"lt{ x'g ;sf];\ . /fli6«o g]tf aGg] vf]hdf efif0f /
6]lnlehg–cGtjf{tf{df lj/f]w}lj/f]w u/]/ dfq} u0f]zdfgh:tf] g]tf aGg ;ls“b}g .
tftf] /fhgLlts kl/j]zdf b'O–{ rf/j6f b'3{6gfsf] lj/f]w ub{}df g
/fhgf/fo0fh:tf] ;Rrf dfgj–clwsf/jfbL aGg ;lsG5, g t s8f–s8f
zAbdf ljsf;–kl/of]hgfnfO{ cfnf]rgf ub{}df ;'Gb/nfn ax'u0' ff g} aGg
;lsG5, g t pbfpg nfu]sf] ;"o{nfO{ h:t} g]tfx¿nfO{ k"hf ub{}df s;}nfO{
zlQm k|fKt x'G5 . oL ;a} t cb"/bzL{ / cNksfnLg zlQmo'Qm / elQmo'Qm
vf]hsf pkfox¿ x'g\, cy{k"0f{ vf]hsf bL3{sfnLg pkfox¿ xf]Ogg\ . pkfosf]
vf]hL eg]sf] /ftf/ft nvklt / s/f]8klt aGg]–agfpg] hfb"sf] 58L klg
xf]Og .
d}n] o; lstfadf JolQmut, ;fdflhs / ;d;fdlos ¿kdf ug{
;lsg] / ug{'kg{] Jofjxfl/s pkfox¿ vf]Hg] hdsf{] dfq u/]sf] 5' .
cfsfzdflysf] rGb|df / tf/fnfO{ d}n] x]/]sf] 5}g, x]g{ hfg]sf] klg 5}g /
ltgnfO{ x]g{ d;“u b'la{g klg 5}g . t/ cfºg} cf“vfcufl8sf] vf8n x]g{] / Tof]
vf8naf6 ar]/ s;/L lx“8\g] eGg] vfnsf ;fgfltgf pkfosf vf]hLx¿af/]
dfq d}n] oxf“ pNn]v u/]sf] 5' . s}of}“k6s xfdL dfly x]bf{x]b{} tnsf] vf8n

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gb]v]/ n8\g] u5f{}+ . ;don] ;fy lbof] eg] t slxNo} s]xL x'“b}g, t/ ;do
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xfd|f cfsfª\Iffcg'¿ksf 7"nf–7"nf gx'g ;Snfg\, t/ tL pkfosf l;“9Lx¿
r9]/ g} xfdLn] lzv/df k'Ug'k5{ . xfdL dflg; xf}“ . xfdL;“u r/fsf] h:tf]
kv]6f 5}g . To;}n] Ps}rf]l6 p8]/ xfdL 6'Kkfdf k'Ug ;St}gf}“ . 7"nf–7"nf s'/f
u/]/ lau|]sf dflg;x¿ xfdLn] w]/} b]v]sf 5f}“ . t/ cfºgf] cf}sftn] EofPsf
;fgf–;fgf sfdx¿ u/]/ dfly k'u]sf JolQmx¿ klg 5g\ / ltgLx¿ tn
v;]sf 5}gg\ . To;}n] vf]qmf] cledfgnfO{ kl/Tofu u/L cfºgf] jf:tljstfnfO{
:jLsfb{} xfdL s;/L cfÎgf ;d:ofx¿ ;dfwfg ug{ ;S5f}“ / k|ultsf] af6f]df
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d k];fsdL{ n]vs xf]Og, hLjgsf sf}t"xnk"0f{ 36gfqmdn] agfPsf]
Pp6f ;fwf/0f n]vs x'“ . ;f“Rr} eGg] xf] eg] dnfO{ w]/} 1fg 5}g lstfa s;/L
n]Vg'k5{, ljifo–k|j]z s;/L ug{'k5{, efiffz}nL s:tf] x'g'k5{, n]vg–bIftf
s:tf] x'g'k5{ eGg] s'/fdf . ;fwf/0f af]lnrfnLsf] efiffdf n]lvPsf] of] cfºg}
z}nLsf] lstfanfO{ d}n] hl6n, af}l4s / ;fOs]8]lns agfpg rflxg“ . lsgeg]

d of] lstfa uDeL/ k':tsk|]dLx¿nfO{ eGbf klg s]xL u/f}“ eGg] ;f]r /fv]sf
cfd kf7sx¿sf nflu ;dk{0f ug{ rfxG5' .

ljutsf lbgx¿df d y'k|} ;fdflhs lqmofsnfk / s]xL cleofgdf

nfu]sf] lyP“ . tL cleofgsf clen]vx¿ cToGt ;d;fdlosh:tf b]v]sf] x'“bf
ltgnfO{ klg o; k':tsdf ;dfj]z u/]sf] 5' . ;fy} dgkg{] d]/f s]xL uLtx¿
/ ef/tsf k"j{ /fi6«klt cAb'n snfdsf] cª\u|]hL efif0f klg ;+nUg u/]sf] 5' .
dnfO{ yfxf 5}g lstfa n]Vg] a]nfdf o:tf ;fdu|Lx¿ cfºgf] lstfadf /fVg
x'G5 ls x'“b}g .
of] lstfa d}n] cfºgf] dgaf6 km'6]/ cfPsf dgf]wf/df s'g} 5]saf/
gu/Lsg k|:km'6g ePsf ljrf/x¿ ljifo–k|;Ësf] k|]mdjs{af6 ;do–;dodf
aflx/ uP/ n]v]sf] x'“bf ;fob o; k':tsdf kf7sju{n] Jofj;flos n]vgsf]
cf}krfl/s k|:t'lt gkfpg ;Sg'xf]nf . t/ dnfO{ cfzf 5 kf7sju{n] d]/f] of]
lgtfGt JolQmut bIftfxLg z}nLnfO{ u|x0f ug{'x'g]5 . d]/f dgleq pn{]sf
;sf/fTds l;h{gzLn ;f]r;DaGwL vf]hx¿nfO{ d}n] o;leq vf]Hg] /
ljifoj:t'x¿df tL vf]hx¿nfO{ 3f]Ng] k|of; u/]sf] 5' .

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dnfO{ nfU5 g]kfndf y'k|} ;Defjgfx¿ 5g\ . tL ;Defjgfx¿ vf]Hgsf
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cf“vfnfO{ vf]Ng'k5{ . To;af6 ;Defjgfsf w]/} kxn'x¿ pl3|G5g\ . o;
lstfadf d}n] ;Defjgfsf To:tf vf]hx¿ kf7sju{n] lstfa ;/;tL{ x]bf{ g}
Ps}rf]l6 ;lhn} ;n{Ss k9\g ;s"g\ eGg] clek|fon] vf]hsf To:tf
kª\lQmx¿nfO{ O6flns -58\s]_ cIf/df k|:t't u/]sf] 5' . tL vf]hx¿ slt
sfof{Gjogof]Uo 5g\, d 7f]s'jf ug{ ;lStg“ . t/ tL ljrf/of]Uo cjZo xf]nfg\
eGg] cfzf /fv]sf] 5' .

s'g} s'/fsf] vf]h u/]kl5 To;nfO{ sfof{Gjog u/]/ ;kmntf xfl;n ug]{
s'/f x/]s dflg;sf] Nofst / tfstdf e/ k5{ . xfdL ;a} ljleGg vfnsf
dflg;x¿ xf}“, ljleGg ;+:sf/df x's{]sf / ljleGg kl/l:yltcg';f/ cf–cfÎgf]
dgl:ylt af]s]sf . To;}n] o; lstfadf plNnlvt 36gfqmd / ljrf/x¿
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slxn]sfxL“ Pp6f sldnfsf] ;fgf] k|of;af6 klg y'k|} sfd ug{ ;lsG5 eGg]
wf/0ffn] o;sf] cWoog ul/g]5 eGg] d]/f] ljZjf; 5 . o:t} vfnsf] ljZjf;n]
oL ;f]rk"0f{ vf]hx¿nfO{ dgg ug{ ;lsof] eg] ;fob xfdL cfkm"leq /

cfkm"aflx/ s]xL g s]xL kl/jt{g cjZo Nofpg ;S5f}“ eGg] dnfO{ nfu]sf] 5 .
sf]l;;} gu/Lsg t s'g} klg s'/f] ;kmn x'“b}g . s'/f dfq t w]/} ug{ ;lsG5,
cfnf]rgf klg w]/} ug{ ;lsG5 / ;'emfj klg lbg ;lsG5, t/ ;'emfj To:tf]
x'g'k¥of] h;df ;dfwfgsf pkfox¿ xf]pmg\ / sfof{Gjog ug{ ;lsof];\ .
To:t} vfnsf ;'emfjx¿nfO{ d}n] of] …vf]hÚdf ;dfj]z ug{] cf“6 u/]sf] 5' .
To;}n] of] ;d:ofsf] vf]h xf]Og, ;dfwfg / pkfosf] vf]hsf] lg/Gt/ k|of; /
k|lqmof xf] .

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