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lyP“ . kl5 pgn] g]kfn ;dfrf/kq b}lgsdf …s0f{n] ;S5g\ M ;f]r, vf]h clg
u/Ú eGg] cleJolQmnfO{ d'Vo zLif{s agfO{ n]v k|sflzt u/] . kl5 d}n] d
;S5' d'Vo zLif{s /fvL k':tssf] pkzLif{s …;f]r, vf]h clg u/Ú /fVg]
ljrf/ u/]“ .
x'g t af]Ng]sf] dfq kL7f] laqmL x'G5 eG5g\, t/ s;}n] ux'“ g}
pdf/]g eg] kL7f] s;n], sxf“ / s;/L a]Rg] < zAbhfnaf6 cj;/sf] df5f
l6Kg] w]/} eP t/ kf]v/Ldf df5fsf e'/fx¿ 5f]8\g] rflx“ sf]xL ePgg\ . ts{–
ljts{sf] b"w dy]]/ df]xL vfg] afnuf]kfnx¿ y'k|} eP t/ ef“8fdf b"w yKg]
Ujfnfx¿ rflx“ sd . g]kfndf ug]{sf] eGbf af]Ng]sf] a9L dxŒj x'“bf] /x]5 .
uha x'GYof] …sfd ug]{n] dfq af]Ng kfpg]Ú lgod ePsf] eP . sd;]sd
xfjfbf/L s'/f ;'g]/ sfg t kfSb}gy] . cfhsfn 1fgu'gsf s'/f y'k|} ;'lgG5,
t/ Pp6f sfgaf6 leq k:5, csf]{af6 km'tkm't aflx/ lgl:s/xG5 .
kqklqsfdf w]/} n]vx¿ 5flkG5g\ t/ k9\g] rflx“ ToxL n]vs dfq x'G5 .
g]kfndf w]/} ;+jfb, kl/;+jfb / jfbljjfb x'G5, t/ sfd x“'b}g . clxn]
dfG5]x¿ yfls;s] k|ltkmnljxLg s'/f dfq ;'g]/ . t/ g]kfndf s]xL To:tf
pBdzLn JolQmx¿ klg 5g\ hf] gaf]nLsg sfd ul//x]sf 5g\ . pgLx¿n]
cfkm" / cfºgf kl/jf/nfO{ dfq xf]Og, ;d'bfonfO{ klg s]xL xb;Dd 6]jf
lbO/x]sf 5g\ . of] k':ts tL pBdzLn JolQmx¿sf] To:tf] cfTdsyf xf]
h;sf] dfWodaf6 xfdL g]kfnL o'jsx¿nfO{ pBf]u–Joj;fodf nfUg
3r3Rofpg ;S5f}“ / pgLx¿nfO{ :j/f]huf/L pBf]udf ;+nUg x'g k|]l/t ug{
;S5f}“ .
clxn] g]kfnsf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] r'gf}tL ul/aL lgjf/0f / a]/f]huf/L
;d:of ;dfwfg ug{' xf] . a]/f]huf/L ;d:of ta dfq ;'lNemG5 ha b]zdf
pBf]uwGbf km:6fp“5 . ul/aL lgjf/0f / a]/f]huf/Lsf] ;d:of gjfaL vfnsf]
af}l4s jfbljjfb (Armchairs’ Intellegency) / efif0fn] ;'lNem“b}g . ul/aL
lgjf/0fsf nflu /f]huf/L rflxof], /f]huf/Lsf nflu pBf]u x'g'k¥of], pBf]usf
nflu nufgL x'g'k¥of], nufgLsf nflu C0f pknAw x'g'k¥of], C0fsf nflu
Aofª\s ;Ifd x'g'k¥of], Aofª\ssf nflu kof{Kt lgIf]k x'g'k¥of], lgIf]ksf]
lgldQ Aofª\sdf /sd hDdf x'g'k¥of] / Aofª\sdf k};f hDdf x'g hDdf ug{]
dfG5]sf] dg 9'Ss x'g'k¥of] . clg kl5 dfq Aofª\sdf k};f hDdf x'G5 .
Aofª\sdf k};f hDdf ePg eg] Aofª\sn] C0f lbg ;Sb}g . C0f lbg ;s]g
eg] pBf]u vf]Ng ;ls“b}g . pBf]u vf]Ng ;lsPg eg] /f]huf/L lbg ;ls“b}g .
/f]huf/L ePg eg] cGttM a]/f]huf/sf] df/n] ul/aL lgjf/0fsf] ;d:of
;'lNem“b}g / o;n] ubf{ b]zdf /fhgLlts l:y/tf x'“b}g .
cfly{s ;~hfn dfs'/fsf] hfn (Vicious Circle) h:t} x'G5, Pp6f
wfuf] emf]lNnof] eg] ;f/f ;+/rgf xlNnG5 clg elTsG5 . ljsf;sf] d"n
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;f]r, vf]h clg u/
cfwf/ cGttM cy{ g} xf] / cy{lagf ;a} k|of; cgy{ 5 . cfly{s ljsf;sf]
/];df bu'g{] 3f]8fx¿ ;w“} pBdL g} x'G5g\, tL 3f]8fx¿ r':t x'g'k5{,
pgLx¿nfO{ t;f{P/ eufO“b}g, nufd v's'nf] kf/]/ bf}8fpg'k5{ . cfly{s
qmflGt g} ug'{ 5 eg] s]xL df]6f3f6f pBf]ukltx¿nfO{ k]n]/, lgrf]/]/ af];f]
lgsfNg'eGbf ;'gsf] c08f lbg] xf“;sf ayfgx¿sf] ;ª\Vof a9fpg'k5{ /
pgLx¿sf] of]hgfa4 tl/sfn] ;b'kof]u u/L cfly{s ljsf; ug{'k5{ . cfly{s
;|f]tsf] d'xfg s'jf / Ogf/ xf]Og, lg/Gt/ alu/xg] vf]nf] xf] . of] vf]nf]
pBf]u / Jofkf/sf] d'xfgaf6 dfq km'6\5 .
g]kfndf clxn] tLj| ultn] /fhgLlts ptf/r9fj eO/x]sf] 5 .
ef]ln s] x'G5, eGg ufx«f] 5 . ldnLh'nL ;/sf/ 5, ;femf (Common)
Ph]G8f 5}g≤ cf; 5, ljZjf; 5}g≤ /fHo 5, ;/sf/ 5}g . /fhtGqaf6
k|hftGq, k|hftGqaf6 nf]stGq, nf]stGqaf6 u0ftGq, ca km]l/ u0ftGqaf6
hgu0ftGq . Pp6f tGqsf] hu a:g kfPsf] x“'b}g, km]l/ cs{} …dgu9tGqÚ sf]
kl/sNkgf ;nanfpg yflnxfN5 . hgtfsf] gfddf /fhgLlt x'G5, t/
…hgtfÚ sf] xf], s;nfO{ hgtf eGg], cGof]n 5 .
;f“Rr} eGg] xf] eg] g]kfndf clxn] hgtfsf] kl/efiffnfO{ g}
kf6L{s/0f u/L v'DRofO;lsPsf] 5 . cfhsf] /fhgLltdf Pscsf{sf] cfnf]rgf
dfq ul/“b}g, eg]sf] s'/f ldn]g eg] ;ª\3if{ ug{] r]tfjgL lbOG5 . ax'bnLo
k|hftGqsf] d"No, dfGotf / dof{bfnfO{ dfG5' eg]/ ;a} /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿
nf]stflGqs k4ltdf cfO;s]kl5 kIf–ljkIfaLr jfbljjfb t eOxfN5 .
klxn] klg t o:tf jfbljjfb p7]s} lyP . oxL t xf] k|hftflGqs k|0ffnLsf]
sdhf]/L eg] klg jf zlQm eg] klg . ;a}nfO{ ;fydf lnP/ /fHo ;~rfng
ug{ ;Sg' g} ;Ifd g]tfsf] u'0f xf] .
;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfj eP/ dfcf]jfbLn] ;/sf/ agfPkl5 tTsfnLg
k|wfgdGqL / cy{dGqLn] …PSsfO;f}“ ztfAbLsf] ;dfhjfbsf] uGtJodf k'Ug
k'“hLjfbsf] l;“9Ldf 6]s]/ hfg'k5{Ú eg] . dnfO{ of] syg lrQ a'‰of] / d}n]
7fg]“, /fhg]tfn] af]Ng] efiff oxL xf] . pgLx¿sf] egfOdf slt Odfgbfl/tf
5, Tof] t dnfO{ yfxf 5}g . x'g t cg]s /fhgLlts g]tf / Sceptic
a'l4hLjLx¿ …of] Pp6f sk6k"0f{ /0fgLlt dfq xf]Ú eG5g\ . t/ d b]zs}
k|wfgdGqLsf] cleJolQmdf zª\sf–pkzª\sf u/]/ cfºgf] ;sf/fTds dgnfO{
gsf/fTds agfpg rfxGg“ .
…Soflk6lnhdÚ sf] dfWodaf6 …;f];lnhdÚ sf] uGtJodf k'Ug of]
cr's cfly{s gLltsf] df]8n g]kfnsf nflu dfq xf]Og, c¿ y'k|}
ljsf;f]Gd'v b]zsf nflu klg lxts/ x'g ;S5 . dnfO{ nfU5, of] Pp6f
w/ftnLo Jofjxfl/s, cfly{s / /fhgLlts jf:tljstfsf] bz{g xf] .
jf:tjdf eGg] xf] eg] of] Entrepreneurial Socialism sf] ;xL ¿k xf] .
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;f]r, vf]h clg u/
;/sf/n] /fd|f] sfd ug{ vf]Hbf lsg ljkIfn] xnf] c8\sfpg] sfd
u5{ g]kfndf < ha Pp6f ;/sf/n] lghL, ;fj{hlgs, ;fem]bf/L (Public
Private Partnership—PPP) sf] cjwf/0ff cufl8 ;f/]sf] lyof], …Tof] t
xfdLn] klxn] g} ug{ vf]h]sf lyof}“Ú egL lj/f]wL kIFn] cfnf]rgf u¥of] . ¿v
s;n], sxf“, s'g a]nf /f]Kof] To;df jfbljjfb lsg < ¿vdf kmn kmN5 ls
kmNb}g Tof] kf] dxŒjk"0f{ s'/f x'g'k5{ . b]z h;n] agfP klg s] eof] / <
klxn] b]z t aGg'k¥of], clg kl5 /fhgLlts /ª\ud~rdf cf–cfºgf] tfnn]
hlt 5d5d gfr] klg eOxfNof] lg †
Ps rf]l6 u0ftflGqs g]kfnsf klxnf k|wfgdGqLn] l6eL, /]l8of] /
cGo ;/sf/L ;~rf/ dfWodaf6 b]zjf;Lsf gfddf /fli6«o ;Daf]wg u/]sf
lyP . Tof] a]nf dnfO{ v';L nfu]sf] lyof], lsgeg] ;f]r k':tsdf d}n] …olb d
k|wfgdGqL eP“ eg] s]–s] u5'{Ú eg]/ Pp6f km]xl/:t (Wish-list) agfPsf]
lyP“ . To;sf] s]xL c+z ;fGble{s x'g] ePsfn]] d oxf“ k|:t't ug{ rfxG5'—
1. laxfg 5 ah] p7]/ c¿ dflg; dsxf“ cfpg'klxn] k|ltkIfL bnsf
g]tfx¿sf] 3/df Ps–Ps sk lrgL gePsf] sfnf] lrof vfg
hfGy]“ .
2. d k|wfgdGqL x'gf;fy Pp6f lj1lKt lgsfNy]“ . To;df n]lvPsf]
x'GYof], …d cfOGbf s'g} klg ;df/f]xdf efu lnGg“, s'g} klg
lbjfef]hdf hfGg“ .Ú
3. s'g} ;Dd]ngdf efu lng hfg'k¥of] eg] uf]i7Lsf] ;'?b]lv cGTo;Dd
ga;L cfºgf] eGg'kg]{ s'/f jf efif0f l;WofP/ v'?Ss kms{Gy]“ .
4. dlxgfsf] Ps rf]l6 6]lnlehgdf hgtf;dIf cfºgf] s'/f lbn vf]n]/
Odfgbf/Lk"j{s eGy]“ / x/]s dlxgf cfk"mn] s] ug{ ;lsG5,
sd;]sd b;afx«j6f eP klg of]–of] ljsf;sf] sfd u5'{ eg]/
k|lt1f uy{]+ / csf]{ dlxgfsf] efif0fdf cfkm"n] k|lt1f u/]sf
sfdx¿sf] k|ult k|ltj]bg hgtf;fd' /fVy]“ / Ps–b'Oj6f ug{
g;s]sf] eP hgtf;“u Ifdf dfUy]“ .
k|wfgdGqLsf] Tof] ;Daf]wgkl5 s;}n] …k|wfgdGqL ca /fhf aGg
vf]h]Ú egL nf~5gf nufP eg] c¿ nf]sn ;'s/ftx¿n] klg …Tof] efif0fn]
k|wfgdGqLsf] ul/df 36fof]Ú egL cfnf]rgf u/] . u0ftGqdf Pp6f
k|wfgdGqLn] cfd dflg; eP/ af]nLrfnLsf] efiffdf cfkm"n] u/]sf], ug{
rfx]sf] / ug{ g;s]sf] sfdsf] v'n]/ ;dLIff u/L hg;dIf k|ltj]bg k|:t't
ubf{ s] g/fd|f] eof] / < oxf“ Pp6f dxŒjk"0f{ k|Zg p7\5— u0ftGqsf]
k|wfgdGqLnfO{ xfdLn] s] agfpg vf]h]sf] <
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Df ;S5'
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;f]r, vf]h clg u/
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Df ;S5'
s'g sfd ubf{ /fd|f] x'G5, s'g sfd ubf{ g/fd|f] x'G5, To;sf] /fd|f] x]Ssf 5 .
ljsf;sf ultljlwnfO{ …lqm:6n lSno/Ú ¿kn] 5n{ª\u b]Vg ;Sg] oL g]tfx¿
˚ut cfºgf] bnut :jfy{sf nflu hgtfnfO{ lj/f]wfef;sf] sfnf] r:df
nufOlbP/ cndNofpg dfq vf]lh/x]sf 5g\ . kÔsf] xf];\ of ljkÔsf], b;f}“
jif{ zf;g u/]/ s]xL ug{ g;s]sfx¿ / /fHoJoj:yfkgsf] s'g} cg'ej
gePsf g]tfx¿;d]t emLgf–dl;gf s'/fx¿ p7fP/ lj/f]w / ljıf]x ug]{
r]tfjgL lbO/xG5g\ .
eGg] a]nfdf /fhgLltdf l:y/tf gcfO{sg cfly{s ljsf; x'“b}g
eG5g\, t/ ;w}“ ;/sf/ 9fNg] /f]u (Anti-establishment Syndrome) n]
b]znfO{ u|l;t agfO/fVg] xf] eg] slxn] l:y/tf cfpg] < d of] u'gf;f]
af/Daf/ cf˚"n] lrg]sf g]tfx¿;dÔ u5'{ . of] cfhsf] dfq ;d:of xf]Og,
lxhf] klg oxL ljs[t /fhgLlts k/Dk/f sfod lyof] .
b]z lgdf{0f / ljsf;sf s'/fx¿ ;ª\s'lrt dgsf] w/ftnaf6 ;f]Rg'
x'“b}g . dx“uf] Nofk6k, df]afOn, uf8L / 3/h:tf tkl;nsf s'/f p7fP/
cfnf]rgf ug{'eGbf k|wfgdGqL, dGqL / ;ef;b\x¿n] b]zdf s] of]ubfg u/] /
slt k|ltkmn lbP eGg] dxŒjk"0f{ k|Zg p7fpg' hfoh x'G5 . olb lrKnf]
uf8L / 7"n7"nf dxn ljnfl;tfsf ;"rs x'g\ eg] s'g} lhDdf g} glnO{sg
vfln lj/f]wsf nflu lj/f]w dfq ul//xg' klg s] u}/lhDd]jf/Lkgsf]
ljnfl;tf xf]Og / <
b]zdf rf}tkmL{ ljsf; ug'{k5{ eGb}df ljsf; x'“b}g, ljsf; s;/L
ug]{ Tof] xf] uxg k|Zg . k|ltkmnlagfsf] ;f]r / sd{sf] s'g} cy{ x'“b}g . x'g t
/fhgLltsf] rrf{–kl/rrf{ ug{' xfdLh:tf sfd u/L vfg] u}//fhgLlts cfd
dfG5]sf] k];f xf]Og t}klg ug{] s] < b]zleqs} Pp6f efuaf6 csf{] efudf
hfg g;s]kl5, Pp6f g]kfnL g]kfnleq} aGws eP/ af“Rg'kg{] cj:yf
ePkl5, d'n'sdf clwsf+z ;do nf]8;]l8ª ePkl5, lbgk|ltlbg cTofjZos
j:t'x¿sf] efp csfl;Pkl5 clg ckx/0f Pjd\ cfk/flwsLs/0fh:tf
3[l0ft lqmofsnfksf] Jofkfl/sLs/0f x'g nfu]kl5 sf] b]zdf pBf]uwGbf
;~rfng ug{ rfxG5 / < clxn] b]zsf] ljsf; z"Go 5, k|ult 36\bf] 5,
;d:of a9\bf] 5, dfxf}n cGof]nu|:t 5 .
lah'nL, OGwg, k|b"if0f cflb ;d:ofx¿ t Ps g Ps lbg ;'lNemP/
hfnfg\ /], t/ cGof]nk"0f{ Pjd\ ljifd /fhgLlts, ;fdflhs Pjd\ cfly{s
cj:yfsf] s;/L cGt ug{] < hlt;'s} ;sf/fTds ;f]r /fv] klg cr]n 3fd
tfK5' eg]/ v'Nnf 7fp“df hf“bf afSnf] afbn / x':;'n] ;"o{sf] Gofgf]
ls/0fnfO{ 5]s]em}“ ;f/f tg / dg s7\ofª\lu|Ph:tf] x'G5 . Ps hgf ;fyL
eGy]— æklxn]–klxn] af]Ng gkfP klg cln vfg kfOGYof]≤ clxn] t af]Ng
klg kfOGg, vfg klg kfOGg .Æ
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;f]r, vf]h clg u/
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Df ;S5'
gfddf /ge'Nn k/]sf s]xL ;Ifd o'jfx¿n] cfkm"leq n'ls/fv]sf] hf];, hf“u/
/ af}l4s IfdtfnfO{ cfTd;ft\ u/L k|ToIF ¿kn] b]zljsf;df kl/rfng ug{
;Sg'k5{ . o;f] ug{] xf] eg] pgLx¿ cfºgf] lhGbuLsf] cy{k"0f{ uGtJodf k'Ug
;S5g\ / o;n] b]zdf rf“8} cfly{s qmflGt Nofp“5 . To;}n] pBF]usf] If]qdf
oL o'jfx¿nfO{ ;/sf/n] cfslif{t u/fpg}k5{ .
clxn] g]kfndf cGof]nu|:t kl/l:yltsf sf/0f gof“ pBf]u v'Ng'sf]
;§f rln/x]sf snsf/vfgfx¿ klg aGb eO/x]sf 5g\ . o;n] ubf{ :jb]zdf
sfd ug{ rfx“bfrfx“b} klg dflg;x¿ ljb]zL e"lddf cfºgf] efUo vf]Hg
ljjz 5g\ . pgLx¿nfO{ bf]if klg s;/L lbg] < dfgj;Eotfsf] Oltxf;nfO{
kN6fP/ x]g]{ xf] eg] dflg;x¿ cfºgf] / cfºgf ;Gtfgsf] ;'lglZrt Pjd\
;'/lIft eljiosf nflu Ps 7fp“af6 csf{] 7fp“df ;w}“ a;fO“;/fO
ul//xG5g\ . of] ck|fs[lts dfgjLo :jefj xf]Og . gftfjfb / s[kfjfbh:tf
k|fs[lts dfgjLo :jefj (Social Behaviour) sf] of] kfkaf6 xfdL sf]xL
klg c5't 5}gf}“, l;afo uf}td a'4 / dxfTdf ufGwL h;nfO{ k'Hg t ;lsG5
t/ cg';/0f ug{ ;ls“b}g . oBlk /fi6«sf lglDt sfd u5{' eg]/ k|lt1f u/]sf
g]tfx¿ gftfjfb / s[kfjfbsf] ;f“3'/f] 3]/faf6 pDsg ;s]gg\ eg] pgLx¿
/fli6«o :t/sf g]tf aGg ;Sb}Gfg\ .
b]zdf s'g} cj;/ gkfPkl5 /f]huf/L vf]Hg ljb]z hfg] /
c;'/Iffsf sf/0f cGo d'n'sdf pBf]u–Jofkf/ ug{ hfg]x¿sf] cfnf]rgf ug{]
7fp“ 5}g . jf:tjdf eGg] xf] eg] cfºgf] hGde"ld 5f]8]/ ljb]zdf sfd ug{
hfg' eg]sf] Tolt ;lhnf] 5}g . cf“6 gePsf] dflg;n] Tof] sfd ug{ ;Sb}g .
sf]xL cfºgf] kl/jf/, cfºgf] 3/ Tofu]/ ljb]zdf sfd ug{ vf]H5 eg]
To;nfO{ xfdLn] sdhf]/ 7fGg' x“'b}g . jf:tjdf Tof] dflg;df s]xL g s]xL
zlQm cjZo n's]sf] x'G5 .
ljb]zdf a;]/ klg y'k|} cfk|jf;Lx¿n] Ifdtfcg';f/ dft[e"ldnfO{
;xof]u ul//x]sf 5g\ . olb g]kfnL k|jf;Lx¿ klg ef/tsf ;'k|l;4 Pg=
cf/= cfO{= nIdL ldQn / :j/fh kf}nh:tf pBf]uklt aGg ;s] eg] of]
b]zsf] OHht / ;Ddfg a9\g]5 . of] c;Dej ;kgf xf]Og . ev{/–ev{/ t
g]kfnLx¿ ljb]zdf hu a;fNb} 5g\ . To;}n] Ps}rf]l6 ljb]z hfg]x¿nfO{
knfogjfbL eGg ldNb}g . ;'vL, zfGt, ;DkGg / ;kmn eP/ af“Rg] clwsf/
;a}sf] x'G5 . ljb]z hf“bf wg dfq xf]Og 1fg, ;Lk, cg'ej / k|ljlw klg
sdfOG5 . o;n] hLjge/ dflg;nfO{ sdfO lbG5 . sltko pBdLx¿n]
ljb]zdf /f]huf/L u/]/ g]kfndf cfO{ cfkm"n] sdfPsf] k};f nufgL u/]/
km"naf/Lb]lv s[lifhGo pBf]u ;'? u/L ;kmntf xfl;n u/]sf 5g\ .
b]zdf ljBdfg lg/fzfhgs kl/l:yltsf sf/0f ;fob g]kfnsf y'k|}
pBdLx¿nfO{ pgLx¿sf Oi6ldq / cfkmGthgx¿n] b]zaflx/ uP/
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;f]r, vf]h clg u/
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