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CONVERGENCE OF HIGH SPEED INTERNET & MOBILITY :

The Wireless Industry has grown at enormous pace over the past decade. More than a billion subscribers to cellular services are enjoying the benefits of staying connected while on the move. With the growth in Internet, a wide range of services are accessed by users through a wired infrastructure.

The introduction of mobile Internet brought

INTRODUCTION :
Evolution of cellular systems

GSM

GPRS, EDGE

UMTS

WHY 3G ? LIMITATIONS OF 2G :

Compared to the older 2G and 2.5G standards, a 3G system must allow simultaneous use of speech and data services, and provide peak data rates of at least 200 kbit/s according to the IMT-2000 specification. Recent 3G releases, often denoted 3.5G and 3.75G, also provide mobile broadband access of several Mbit/s to laptop computers

OVER VIEW OF 3G :

3G is the third generation of wireless technologies. It comes with enhancements over previous wireless technologies, like high-speed transmission, advanced multimedia access and global roaming. 3G is mostly used with mobile phones and handsets as a means to connect the phone to the Internet or other IP(Internet Protocol) networks in order to make voice and video calls, to download and upload data and to surf the net.
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INTRODUCTION :
Todays mobile cellular communication scenario

3G TECHNOLOGY :

Basic Structure how 3G works.

SIP Video Phones PC Video Terminals

3G Network

M S C
Mobile Video Phone

E1 - ISUP 3G-324M Protocol

IP

GATEWAY

Video Streaming Media Server

Voice Mail System

3G TECHNOLOGY :

With 3G you can do everything you do now, but you can do it much better, a lot faster and from almost anywhere!

Some of the main advantages are that 3G allows for higher call volumes and supports multimedia data applications such as video, email, SMS, games etc.

3G TECHNOLOGY :

UMTS (Universal Mobile Telephone Service) is a Third Generation (3G) Mobile System being developed by ETSI within the ITUs IMT-2000 framework. It will provide data speeds of up to 2 Mbps, making portable videophones a reality.

WHY 4G ? LIMITATIONS OF 3G :
Difficulty of CDMA to provide higher data rates Need for continuously increasing data rate and bandwidth to meet the multimedia requirements Limitation of spectrum and its allocation Inability to roam between different services To provide a seamless transport end-toend mechanism To introduce a better system with reduces

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OVER VIEW OF 4G :

Accessing information anywhere, anytime, with a seamless connection to a wide range of information and services, and receiving a large volume of information, data, pictures, video and so on. The future 4G infrastructures will consist of a set of various networks using IP (Internet protocol) as a common protocol so that users are in control because they will be able to choose every application and environment. Based on the developing trends of mobile communication, 4G will have broader bandwidth, higher data rate, and smoother and quicker

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WHAT IS FOURTH GENERATION (4G) MOBILE SYSTEMS ?

Fourth generation mobile communications systems that are characterised by high-speed data rates at 20 to 100 Mbps, suitable for highresolution movies and television, virtual . Initial deployments are anticipated in 2006-2010.

WHAT IS 4G ?

The key concept is integrating the 4G capabilities with all of the existing mobile technologies through advanced technologies. Application adaptability and being highly dynamic are the main features of 4G services of interest to users. These features mean services can be delivered and be available to the personal preference of different users and support the users' traffic, air interfaces, radio environment, and quality of service.

Connection with the network applications can be transferred into various forms and levels correctly and efficiently. The dominant methods of access to this pool of information will be the mobile telephone, PDA, and laptop to seamlessly access the voice communication, high-speed information services, and entertainment

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4G ARCHITECTURE :

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VISIONS OF 4G :

4G will extend to an all-IP network (access+core) that integrates broadcast, cellular, cordless, WLAN, short-range systems and fixed wire.

The vision is of integration across these network-air interfaces and of a variety of radio environments on a common, flexible and expandable platform of network of networks with distinctive radio access connected to a seamless IP-based core network.

DESIGN OBJECTIVES :

New service platform Rapid deployment of new services Easy development of new services Seamless connection and handoff between heterogeneous access system Information bit rate: 100Mbps (peak rate in mobile environment) and 1Gbps (peak rate in indoor environment) System capacity: 10 times that of 3G Cost: 1/10 to 1/100 per bit Base station network: all IP Transmission delay time: 50 ms or less
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APPLICATIONS :

Virtual Presence : This means that 4G provides user services at all times, even if the user is off-site. Virtual navigation : 4G provides users with virtual navigation through which a user can access a database of the streets, buildings etc. Tele- geoprocessing applications: This is a combination of GIS (Geographical Information System) and GPS (Global Positioning System) in which a user can get the location by querying. Tele-Medicine and Education : 4G will support remote health monitoring of patients. For people who are interested in life long education, 4G provides a good opportunity. Crisis management: Natural disasters can cause break down in communication systems. In todays world17

HISTORY OF MOBILE TECHNOLOGIES :

Technology Design Begin Implementatio n Service 1G 1970 1984 Analog voice 2G 1980 1991 2.5G 1985 1999 3G 1990 2002 4G 2000 2010 ?

Digital voice, Higher Higher Higher capacity, capacity, capacity, SMS Packet Broadband Complete IP, data, data multimedia MMS Standards AMPS, TDMA,CDM GPRS, WCDMA, Single A, standard TACS,NMT EDGE CDMA2000 GSM,PDC Bandwidth 1.9kbps 14.4kbps 384kbps 2Mbps 100+Mbps FDMA PSTN TDMA, CDMA PSTN TDMA, CDMA PSTN, CDMA Packet network CDMA ?
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Multiplexing Core Network

Attribute

3G

4G

Major Characteristic
Network Architecture

Frequency Band
Component Design Bandwidth Data Rate Access Forward Error Correction Switching Mobile top Speed IP Operational

Predominantly voice- data as Converged data and VoIP add-on Wide area Cell based Hybrid integration of Wireless Lan (WiFi), Blue Tooth, Wide Area 1.6 - 2.5 GHz 2 8 GHz
Optimized antenna; multiband adapters 5 20 MHz 385 Kbps - 2 Mbps WCDMA/CDMA2000 Convolution code 1/2, 1/3; turbo Circuit/Packet 200 kmph Multiple versions ~2003 Smart antennas; SW multiband; wideband radios 100+ MHz 20 100 Mbps MC-CDMA or OFDM Concatenated Coding Packet 200 kmph All IP (IPv6.0) ~2010