Sujeet Soni 2916121002

PANTOGRAPH

The pantograph is spring loaded and pushes a contact shoe up against the contact wire to draw the electricity needed to run the train. Pantographs are typically operated by compressed air from the vehicle's braking system, either to raise the unit and hold it against the conductor or, when springs are used to effect the extension, to lower it.

Pantographs are the successor technology to trolley poles, which were widely used on early streetcar systems and still are used by trolleybuses, Pantographs are typically operated by compressed air from the vehicle's braking system, either to raise the unit and hold it against the conductor or, when springs are used to effect the extension, to lower it.

BRAKES
Types of Brakes Used
Air Brakes

Regenerative Brakes

Principle Parts of AIR BRAKES

Compressor Main Reservoir Driver's Brake Valve Feed Valve Equalizing Reservoir Brake Pipe Angle Cocks Coupled Hoses Brake Cylinder Auxiliary reservoir Brake Block

Brake Positions
Application Position Release Position Lap Position

REGENERATIVE BRAKING
Regenerative braking is the use of the electric traction motors of a railroad vehicle as generators & power is returned to the supply line when slowing the vehicle. Regenerative braking lowers the wear of friction-based braking components, and additionally regeneration can also lower energy consumption

During braking, the traction motor connections are altered to turn them into electrical generators. The motor fields are connected across the main traction generator (MG) and the motor armatures are connected across the load. The MG now excites the motor fields. The rolling locomotive or multiple unit wheels turn the motor armatures, and the motors act as generators, either sending the generated current back into the supply.

TRACTION MOTOR

Nose Suspended Traction Motor

WHEELS