Digital Electronics

Binary System
Digital systems involves 2 states, viz HIGH 1 and LOW 0 .

Logic Gate
A logic gate is a digital circuit that works according to some logical relationship between the input and output voltages.

The AND gate

The AND gate performs logical multiplication.
INPUT A 0 0 1 1 B 0 1 0 1 OUTPUT A AND B 0 0 0 1

The OR gate
The AND gate performs logical addition.
INPUT A B OUTPUT A+B

0 0 1 1

0 1 0 1

0 1 1 1

The NOT gate

The AND gate performs logical complementation.

INPUT A 0 1

OUTPUT NOT A 1 0

The NAND gate

The AND gate performs logical complementation of the logical multiplication.
INPUT A 0 0 1 1 B 0 1 0 1 OUTPUT A NAND B 1 1 1 0

The NOR gate

The AND gate performs logical complementation of the logical addition.
INPUT A 0 0 1 1 B 0 1 0 1 OUTPUT A NOR B 1 0 0 0

The XOR gate

The XOR gate is a logic gate whose output is high when either input is exclusively high.
INPUT A 0 0 1 1 B 0 1 0 1 OUTPUT A XOR B 0 1 1 0

Adders
In electronics, an adder or summer is a digital circuit that performs addition of numbers.

Adders Half Full

Half Adder
A half adder adds two one-bit binary numbers A and B.

Inputs
A 0 1 0 1 B 0 0 1 1

Outputs
CARRY 0 0 0 1 SUM 0 1 1 0

Full Adder
A half adder adds three one-bit binary numbers A ,B and Cin.

Inputs
A 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 B 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 Cin 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1

Outputs
CARRY SUM 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1

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