CH2 Describing Motion: Kinematics in One Dimension

NV-College

MVG2.67 Physics A.1D.Motion. In the design of a rapid transit system, it is necessary to balance out the average speed of a train against the distance between the stops. The more stops there are, the slower the trains average speed. To get an idea of this problem, calculate the time it takes a train to make a 36 km trip in two situations: a) the stations at which at which the trains must stop are 0.80 km apart; and b) the stations are 3.0 km apart. Assume that at each station the train accelerates at a rate of 1.1 m / s 2 until it reaches 90 km / h , then stays at this speed until its brakes are applied for arrival at the next station, at which time it decelerates at 2.0 m / s 2 . Assume it stops at each intermediate station for 20 s Suggested solutions: Answer: t a = 3132.6 s = 52 12 ; t b = 1891.4 s = 31 31 Data: x = 36 km , d a = 0.80 km , d b = 3.0 km , a = 1.1 m / s 2 , v0 = 0 , vmax = 90 km / h Decelerate a = 2.0 m / s 2 Stop: v = 0 , Stop for t = 20 s 1000 vmax = 90 km / h = 90 m / s = 25 m / s 3600 v 25 m / s It takes t1 = max = = 22.73 s for the train to accelerate to its 1 .1 m / s 2 a maximum velocity vmax = 90 km / h from rest, after any station! During this
2 vmax 25 2 = = 284.09 m . 2a 2 (1.1) 0 v0 max 0 25 m / s Before any station it takes t 3 = = = 12.5 s for the train to a 2 .0 m / s 2

time the train moves: x1 =

2 v 2 v0 25 2 = = 156.25 m 2a 2 ( 2.0 ) (a) the train makes the remaining distance of x2 a = 359.66 m in t 2 a = 14.36 s : x 359.66 x2 a = 800 (284.09 + 156.25) m = 359.66 m ; t 2 a = 2 a = s = 14.36 s vmax 25 3600 = 45 stations, the train takes Therefore, for the case (a) with n = 800 t a = 3132.6 s to cover x = 36 km :

stop. During this time the train moves x3 =

t a = 45 (t1 + t 2 a + t3 + 20) = 45 (22.73 + 14.36 + 12.5 + 20) s = 3132.6 s = 52 min 12 sec

(b) the train makes the remaining distance of x2b = 2 560 m in t 2b = 102.4 s : x 2 559.7 x2b = 3000 (284.09 + 156.25) m = 2 559.7 m ; t 2b = 2b = s = 102.4 s vmax 25 3600 = 12 stations, the train takes Therefore, for the case (b) with n = 3000 t b = 1891.4 s to cover x = 36 km : t b = 12 (t1 + t 2b + t 3 ) = 12 (22.73 + 102.4 + 12.5 + 20) s = 1891.4 s = 31 min 31 sec = 31 31

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