ANSWER TRIAL EXAM CHEMISTRY PAPER 1 2009

NO 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

ANSWER C B C A B C A B C B B C C B D B C A C B C D A B C

NO 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

ANSWER A D D B D A D A D A A B D A A A B D D B D D C B C

Marking Scheme for Chemistry Paper 2 STPM Trial 2009 Q 1(a) (i) CH3CH2CH2OH Answer CH3CHCH3 OH CH3OCH2CH3 (either two) (ii) Propan-1-ol / 1-propanol The peak at m/e 31 indicates the presence of CH2OH group 1(b) (i) 1 ( 1 mark) 2 1 1 Mark 1+1 2

frequency wavelength

(ii) Ultraviolet (iii) f = cx RH ( 1/n12 - 1/n22) = 3.0 x 108 x 1.097 x 107 m-1(1/12 - 1/32) = 2.93 x 1015 s-1

1 1 1 1

1 3

10 2(a)(i) Saturated potassium chloride solution/Saturated potassium nitrate solution or any suitable saturated aqueous ionic salt solution (ii) Zn(s)/Zn2+(aq)//M+(aq)/M(s) (iii) From zinc to metal M 1

1 1

3 2

(iv) Ecell= EM- EZn 1.56= EM-(-0.76) EM=0.80 V (b)(i) Number of coulomb = I x t = 0.50 x 20.0 x 60 = 600 C ( mark for final answer with unit) (ii) 0.197 g of Cu is deposited by 600 C l.0 mol of Cu is deposited by 63.5 x 600 C = 193 000 C 0.197 0.672 g of X is deposited by 600 C.

1 1

l.0 mol of X is deposited by 108 x 600 C = 96 400 C 0.672 working shown in either above calculations award 1 mark (iii) Charge is X + / n = 1 Total 3 (a) Element : Na Mg Al Si S Cl Formula of oxide Na2O MgO Al2O3 SiO2 SO2 Cl2O Na2O2 SO3 Cl2O7 ( 5, 6 correct ---- 3 marks ( 3, 4 correct ---- 2 marks ( 2 correct ----- 1 mark (0, 1 correct ----- 0 mark) 3(b) Equation: Al2O3 + 2NaOH + 3H2O 2NaAl(OH)4 (i) 3(b) Equation: Al2O3 + 6HCl 2AlCl3 + 3H2O (ii) 3(c) (i) Equation: 2Sr(NO3)2 2SrO + 4NO2 + O2 3(c) Magnesium nitrate (ii) 3(c) Mg2+ has a higher charge density (iii) Mg2+ polarises / distorts the CO32- anion more strongly / weakens the CO bond 3 (d) BeSO4 , MgSO4, CaSO4, SrSO4, BaSO4 Total 4 (a) H H H H CCCC Cl Cl

1 1 1 10

4 3

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 2

1 10 1

4(b) Equation: CH=CHCl + H2 CH2CH2Cl 1 1

Conditions: catalyst: Ni / Pd / Pt and heat 4 (c) (i) A H H HCCCl H Cl B H H HCC=O H

1 + 1

4(c)(ii) Mechanism: electrophilic addition

4 (d) Br Br

C Cl BrH2C H mirror 4 (e) CH3 + 2 CH3CCl O CH3 H Cl

C CH2Br

1 + 1

1+ CH3 CCH3 + O O=CCH3 (1 mark) + 2HCl (optional) TOTAL 1

( 1mark)

10

5 (a) (i)

The standard enthalpy change of atomization of an element is the heat absorbed when one mole of gaseous atoms is formed from the element in its standard state under standard conditions. The standard heat of formation of a substance is defined as the heat evolved or absorbed when one mole of the substance is formed from its elements under standard conditions.

(a) (ii)

1 2

5 (b) (i)

Born-Haber Cycle E (kJ)

Cu (g) + O(g) + 2e HEA Hat(O)
st 1 2+

Cu2+(g) + O 2-(g) HEA

nd 2

(O)

(O-)

Cu2+(g) + O-(g) + e

8x

Cu2+(g) + O2(g) + 2e HIE 2nd Cu+(g) Cu+(g) + O2 (g) + e HIE 1st Cu(g) Cu(g) + O2 (g)

+ 1
H1st CuO

Hat Cu(s) Cu(s) + O2(g) HfCuO(s) CuO(s)

For each enthalpy change correctly shown in diagram above ------------ x 8 = 4 marks Enthalpy diagram with E labeled -------1 mark By Hesss Law Hf (CuO) = Hat (Cu) + HIE1st (Cu) + HIE2nd (Cu+) + Hat (O) + HEA1st (O) + HEA2nd (O-) + Hlat (CuO) -155.2 = (+339.3) + (+750.0) + (+2 000) + (+249) + (-140.0) + (+786.0) + Hlat (CuO) 1

Lattice energy CuO = - 4139.5 kJmol-1 c(i) Molten- AlCl3 exists as simple covalent molecules. Aqueous- AlCl3 dissociates to form Al3+ / [Al(H2O)6]3+ and Cl- ions

1 2 1 1 2

c(ii)

AlCl3 is a covalent molecule. AlF3 is ionic compound Cl- ion is much larger than F- ion Al3+ polarises Cl- ion easily / Al3+ cannot polarise F- easily

1 1 1 1 4 1

6(a)(i)

pH is negative logarithm to the base 10 of the concentration of H+(aq) ions in mol dm-3 or pH = -lg [H+] (ii) Buffer solution- a solution which resists changes in pH when small amounts of an acid or alkali are added. (b)(i) Ka= [H+][CH3COO-] [CH3COOH] [H+]= [CH3COO-] 1.75 x 10-5 = [H+]2 or [H+] = Ka x c 0.100 [H+] = 1.32 x 10-3 pH= -log [H+] = -log (1.32 x 10-3) = 2.88 (ii) pH = pKa + lg [CH3COONa] [CH3COOH] = - lg (1.75 x 10-5) + lg [ (16.4/82.0) ] [ 250/1000 x 0.100 ] = 4.76 + lg ( 0.20 / 0.025) = 4.76 + 0.903 = 5.66 (c)(i) The partition law states that a solute, Q will distribute itself between the two immiscible solvents, ether and water until equilibrium is achieved. At equilibrium the ratio of the concentrations in the two solvents is constant or Concentration of Q in ether = 12.50 Concentration of Q in water (ii) The partition law holds true when the temperature is constant the solute is in the same molecular condition in both solvents / (no dissociation or association) low concentration ( any 2) (iii) Let x= amount of Q extracted by one portion of 25.0 cm3 of ether x / 25.0 ____________ = 12.50 8.00-x/25.0 x= 7.41 g

1 1

1 1 1

1 1

1 Amount of Q left in aqueous layer = 8.00 7.41 = 0.59 g

1st extraction with 12.5 cm3 ether: Let y = amount of Q extracted by first 12.5 cm3 of ether y/ 12.5
____________

= 12.50

8.00-y/25.0 Therefore amount extracted is 6.90 g 1 The amount of Q left in aqueous layer after first extraction is 8.00g 6.90g = 1.10 g 2nd extraction with 12.5 cm3 of ether. Let z= amount of Q extracted by the 2nd portion of 12.5 cm3 of ether. z / 12.5
____________

12.50

1.10 z / 25.0 z = 0.95 g Hence amount left in aqueous layer =1.10 0.95 = 0.15 g max 4 marks

Q7 (a)

Mr

Total = ( m x R x T ) / pV = 0.500 x 8.31 x 473 1 1.00 x 105 x 73.6 x 10-6 = 267 1 covalent bond anyone labelled correct shape ---- 1 Cl Cl: Cl 2 types of bonds 1+ 1 Al Al labelled ----- 1 Cl :Cl Cl coordinate bonding / dative bonding (both labelled) 4

1 1 15

7 (b)

Aqueous solution of aluminium sulphate contains [Al(H2O)6]3+ / 1 hexaaqua aluminium ion This ion undergoes hydrolysis to produce H+ / H3O+ ions which 1 makes the solution acidic with a pH of 4.8. 1 Equation: Al(H2O)63+ + H2O [Al(H2O)5OH]2+ + H3O+ 3 Carbon dioxide - simple molecular structure with weak van der waals forces between molecules SiO2 has a macromolecular structure/ has a giant covalent structure with strong Si-O covalent bonds

7 (c)

1 1

8 (a) (i)

CO2 dissolves slightly in water to produce carbonic acid or CO2 + H2O H2CO3 Both CCl4 and SiCl4 are simple non-polar molecules CCl4 and SiCl4 are liquids, CO2 is gas because:the intermolecular forces in CCl4 or SiCl4 are stronger than in CO2 due to larger molecular size SiCl4 can be hydrolysed by water but CCl4 cannot Si has empty valence 3d orbitals to accept lone pairs of electrons to form dative bonds with water molecules Carbon has no 3d orbitals / no empty valence orbitals All the three halides react with aqueous silver nitrate to form precipitates / insoluble silver salts or Ag+ + X- AgX AgCl is white, AgBr is cream/light yellow and AgI is yellow With aqueous ammonia, AgCl dissolves Ag+ + 2NH3 Ag(NH3)2+ AgBr and AgI are insoluble in aqueous ammonia X + H2SO4 HX + HSO4 For Cl-, white fumes of HCl gas is evolved
-

1 1 1 1 1 8 1

1 1 1 1 1 5 1 1 1 1 1

(a) (ii)

For Br- white fumes of HBr and brown fumes of Br2 evolved For I-, purple (violet) vapour of I2 are evolved (equation for oxidation of HBr or HI to Br2 or I2) (b) is an element that forms at least a stable ion that has partially filled d-orbitals Any two properties below (must give correct examples) green colour of aqueous Fe2+ / yellow colour of aqueous Fe3+ catalytic activity of Fe2+ / Fe3+ in the reaction between I- and S2O82- / Fe is a catalyst in the Haber process variable oxidation states +2 , +3, +6 (any 2) complex formation example [Fe(CN)6]3- / FeO42(c) Blue precipitate of Cu(OH)2 is formed or Cu2+ + 2OH- Cu(OH)2(s) blue precipitate dissolves in excess ammonia to form a dark blue solution (complex) - [Cu(NH3)4]2+ or Cu(OH)2(s) + 4NH3 (aq) [Cu(NH3)4]2+(aq) + 2OH- (aq) When EDTA is now added, the dark blue solution becomes lighter blue due to the formation of [Cu(EDTA)]2- complex or

max 4

1+1

3 1

[Cu(NH3)4]2+ + [EDTA)]4- [Cu(EDTA)]2- + 4NH3

3 15

9 (a) (i)

4-methylphenol dissolves in NaOH(aq) to form a soluble salt CH3 OH + NaOH CH3

ONa + H2O 1 1 1 Br 3

(a) (ii)

Phenylmethanol does not dissolve in NaOH(aq) 4-methylphenol decolourises bromine and forms a white precipitate

CH3

OH + 2Br2

CH3

OH+ 2 HBr 1 Br

Phenylmethanol colour of Br2 remains unchanged and there is no white precipitate (b) (i) C=O CH3 C

1 3 1

1 O (b) (ii) CH3 C CH3 CH3 CH2 C- H 1+ 1 (b) (iii) O O Both R and S are heated with Tollens reagent / Fehlings reagent S - metallic silver (silver mirror) is formed / brick red precipitate of Cu2O obtained and R - no silver mirror or metallic silver / no brick red precipitate Cl CH3 C Cl CH3 (P) 1 1 1

2 2

(b) (iv)

Cl CH3 CH2 C H (Q)

1 2

(b) (v)

CH3C(Cl2)CH3 + 2KOH CH3CH2CHCl2 + 2KOH

Cl CH3COCH3 + 2KCl + H2O CH3CH2CHO + 2KCl + H2O

1 1 2
max 9

15 10 (a) (i) B contains a chiral carbon because optically active A fumes in moist air, thus A has acyl functional group / -C-Cl Structure B Hence, Structure A O H H Cl-C-COOH CH3 Reaction of A with NaOH produces H HO-C-COONa CH3 On acidification, C is obtained. (a) (ii) H + Cl-C-COCl CH3 CH3 Cl-CH-COOCH-CH3 CH3 ( 1 mark for organic product) (1 mark for equation) +H + HCl 1+1 8 CH3-CH-CH3 OH _ H HO-C-COOH CH3 (C) 1+1 Cl-C-COCl CH3 1 1

1+1

(b)(i) Geometrical isomerism (cis-trans isomerism) for L H C=C CH3O H

1 COOCH2(CH2)3CH3

(cis isomer) H C=C CH3O H COOCH2(CH2)3CH3

(ii)

(trans-isomer ) Reaction of L with an aqueous solution of hot sodium hydroxide O 1 CH3O CH=CH C and O-Na+

(c)

CH3(CH2)3 CH2OH Compound: 1- pentanol Conditions: concentrated sulphuric acid , reflux / heat Total

1 1 1 15